Pub Date : 2016-11-15DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.4
P. Girolamo
Abstract System Point Input Random Excitation Testing (SPIRET) was developed as an alternative to both system level acoustics and base-shake random vibration testing of large spacecraft. The goal of SPIRET was to obtain an enhanced workmanship test of the spacecraft, prior to launch, by inducing a higher, more uniform dynamic acceleration response throughout the integrated system. The underlying SPIRET concept is to utilize the spacecraft modal characteristics to amplify the shaker input force and produce a high acceleration response throughout the flexible structure. SPIRET utilized commercial off-the-shelf vibration equipment coupled with satellite specific Mechanical Aerospace Ground Equipment (MAGE). Random vibration control was achieved using inline load cells and a Force Spectral Density (FSD) input spectrum which effectively provided both feedback control of the shaker and force limiting during the vibration test. SPIRET effectiveness was verified using a hi-fidelity spacecraft simulator which was ...
{"title":"SPIRET: An Innovative Technique for Random Vibration Testing Of Large Spacecraft","authors":"P. Girolamo","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract System Point Input Random Excitation Testing (SPIRET) was developed as an alternative to both system level acoustics and base-shake random vibration testing of large spacecraft. The goal of SPIRET was to obtain an enhanced workmanship test of the spacecraft, prior to launch, by inducing a higher, more uniform dynamic acceleration response throughout the integrated system. The underlying SPIRET concept is to utilize the spacecraft modal characteristics to amplify the shaker input force and produce a high acceleration response throughout the flexible structure. SPIRET utilized commercial off-the-shelf vibration equipment coupled with satellite specific Mechanical Aerospace Ground Equipment (MAGE). Random vibration control was achieved using inline load cells and a Force Spectral Density (FSD) input spectrum which effectively provided both feedback control of the shaker and force limiting during the vibration test. SPIRET effectiveness was verified using a hi-fidelity spacecraft simulator which was ...","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67782518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-15DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.1
D. Ensor, A. Dixon, Roberta Burrows
{"title":"IEST Leads Development of First ISO 14644 Nanotechnology Standard","authors":"D. Ensor, A. Dixon, Roberta Burrows","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67781423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-15DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.40
K. Agricola
Abstract Real-time particle deposition monitoring is a new way to monitor the operational quality of a cleanroom. Up to now the performance of a cleanroom is often monitored with light-scattering airborne particle counters. These give valuable information on airborne particles, but no information on the potentially threatening macroparticles in a cleanroom. In this paper, particle deposition phenomena and ways to determine particle deposition are discussed. A real-time particle deposition monitor using holographic imaging of the witness plates in a sensing device is described. Some practical experiences with real-time particle deposition measurements are demonstrated. Real-time particle deposition monitoring can be a valuable method to control the operational quality of a cleanroom where personnel are working.
{"title":"Real-time Particle Deposition Monitoring of Operational Cleanroom Quality","authors":"K. Agricola","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Real-time particle deposition monitoring is a new way to monitor the operational quality of a cleanroom. Up to now the performance of a cleanroom is often monitored with light-scattering airborne particle counters. These give valuable information on airborne particles, but no information on the potentially threatening macroparticles in a cleanroom. In this paper, particle deposition phenomena and ways to determine particle deposition are discussed. A real-time particle deposition monitor using holographic imaging of the witness plates in a sensing device is described. Some practical experiences with real-time particle deposition measurements are demonstrated. Real-time particle deposition monitoring can be a valuable method to control the operational quality of a cleanroom where personnel are working.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67782605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-15DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.22
Viken N. Koukounian, C. Mechefske
Abstract Computational modeling (BEM, FEM, and SEA) is often implemented at different stages of the design process to optimize manufacturing and performance parameters. Computational results are typically verified experimentally. Experimental testing standards, particularly those related to vibro-acoustic testing, are defined by various agencies such as ASTM, ANSI, and ISO. An investigation proposing a new computational methodology of analyzing the vibro-acoustic behavior of an aircraft fuselage due to the turbulent boundary layer required verification of the predictions experimentally. In the face of certain limitations, an atypical acoustic facility was constructed challenging conventional standards while complying with the defined criteria of international testing standards. Principal deviations relate to the geometric requirements that recommend large volumes of certain construct, and microphone and acoustic source positioning. The calculated 95% confidence intervals compared exceptionally well agains...
{"title":"Commissioning of an Atypical Acoustic Facility for Experimental Testing","authors":"Viken N. Koukounian, C. Mechefske","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.59.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Computational modeling (BEM, FEM, and SEA) is often implemented at different stages of the design process to optimize manufacturing and performance parameters. Computational results are typically verified experimentally. Experimental testing standards, particularly those related to vibro-acoustic testing, are defined by various agencies such as ASTM, ANSI, and ISO. An investigation proposing a new computational methodology of analyzing the vibro-acoustic behavior of an aircraft fuselage due to the turbulent boundary layer required verification of the predictions experimentally. In the face of certain limitations, an atypical acoustic facility was constructed challenging conventional standards while complying with the defined criteria of international testing standards. Principal deviations relate to the geometric requirements that recommend large volumes of certain construct, and microphone and acoustic source positioning. The calculated 95% confidence intervals compared exceptionally well agains...","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67782282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-01DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.58.1.20
B. Ljungqvist, Berit Reinmüller, Jan Gustén, Johan Nordenadler
The number of airborne bacteria-carrying particles in the operating room is considered an indicator of the risk of infections to the patient undergoing surgery. When the supply air in the operating room is HEPA-filtered, the main source of microorganisms is people (patient and staff). The filtration efficacy of the fabric in operating clothing systems plays an important role. The design of the clothing systems also affects the number of particles emitted from people into the air of the operating room. In ultraclean operating rooms, the selection of clothing systems for the operating team should be considered in terms of patient safety. Examples of clothing systems evaluated in operating rooms will be presented. The predicted influence of different clothing systems in the operating room will be discussed.
{"title":"Clothing Systems in Operating Rooms - A Comparative Study","authors":"B. Ljungqvist, Berit Reinmüller, Jan Gustén, Johan Nordenadler","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.58.1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.58.1.20","url":null,"abstract":"The number of airborne bacteria-carrying particles in the operating room is considered an indicator of the risk of infections to the patient undergoing surgery. When the supply air in the operating room is HEPA-filtered, the main source of microorganisms is people (patient and staff). The filtration efficacy of the fabric in operating clothing systems plays an important role. The design of the clothing systems also affects the number of particles emitted from people into the air of the operating room. In ultraclean operating rooms, the selection of clothing systems for the operating team should be considered in terms of patient safety. Examples of clothing systems evaluated in operating rooms will be presented. The predicted influence of different clothing systems in the operating room will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67781444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.17764/JIET.57.1.U435HL4721J1858V
B. Birkan, V. Ozguz
Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) became operational in January 2012. SUNUM is a trendsetting example of a green and flexible research facility that is a test bed for the cost-effective operation of a Centralized Demand-Controlled Ventilation (CDCV) system, a state-of-the-art cleanroom, and world-class high technology equipment. The total investment in the facility was US$35 million.
{"title":"Implementing Multidisciplinary Research Center Infrastructure-A Trendsetting Example: SUNUM","authors":"B. Birkan, V. Ozguz","doi":"10.17764/JIET.57.1.U435HL4721J1858V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/JIET.57.1.U435HL4721J1858V","url":null,"abstract":"Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM) became operational in January 2012. SUNUM is a trendsetting example of a green and flexible research facility that is a test bed for the cost-effective operation of a Centralized Demand-Controlled Ventilation (CDCV) system, a state-of-the-art cleanroom, and world-class high technology equipment. The total investment in the facility was US$35 million.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67808539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.17764/jiet.57.1.k52757322222m365
H. Schwab
A Highly Accelerated Life Test (HALT) consists of much more than simply subjecting a product to extreme environments to discern potential design weaknesses. Before testing, careful attention must be paid to planning, hardware and equipment availability, and ensuring the appropriate personnel are involved. The test must also include reviews of any potential hardware failures and the procedure for handling them. After test completion, a report must be written to document the entire procedure and any lessons learned. This article covers the entire anatomy of a HALT test from inception to final report.
{"title":"Anatomy of a HALT","authors":"H. Schwab","doi":"10.17764/jiet.57.1.k52757322222m365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/jiet.57.1.k52757322222m365","url":null,"abstract":"A Highly Accelerated Life Test (HALT) consists of much more than simply subjecting a product to extreme environments to discern potential design weaknesses. Before testing, careful attention must be paid to planning, hardware and equipment availability, and ensuring the appropriate personnel are involved. The test must also include reviews of any potential hardware failures and the procedure for handling them. After test completion, a report must be written to document the entire procedure and any lessons learned. This article covers the entire anatomy of a HALT test from inception to final report.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67808894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.17764/JIET.57.1.V0152402158H8774
F. Schenkelberg
Throughout the many years of accelerated life testing (ALT) development, colleagues have found numerous ways to take advantage of the interaction of stress and failure mechanisms.[1-14] In an ideal situation, the reliability engineer will have ample time, samples, test resources, and knowledge to conduct ALT. However, this is often not the case. Trading off the risks in conducting ALT and meeting the myriad constraints and expectations is a challenge. Understanding the basics of ALT approaches and associated assumptions permits test designers to select the ALT method that will provide meaningful results in time for technical and business decisions while meeting budgetary and risk-tolerance limits. There is no single way to design ALT for a specific set of conditions, but clearly articulating the tradeoffs involved permits the entire design team to fully understand the test results. The "best" ALT is a method that adds value to the design process. The most accurate results would involve testing all the pro...
{"title":"Selecting the Best ALT","authors":"F. Schenkelberg","doi":"10.17764/JIET.57.1.V0152402158H8774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/JIET.57.1.V0152402158H8774","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the many years of accelerated life testing (ALT) development, colleagues have found numerous ways to take advantage of the interaction of stress and failure mechanisms.[1-14] In an ideal situation, the reliability engineer will have ample time, samples, test resources, and knowledge to conduct ALT. However, this is often not the case. Trading off the risks in conducting ALT and meeting the myriad constraints and expectations is a challenge. Understanding the basics of ALT approaches and associated assumptions permits test designers to select the ALT method that will provide meaningful results in time for technical and business decisions while meeting budgetary and risk-tolerance limits. There is no single way to design ALT for a specific set of conditions, but clearly articulating the tradeoffs involved permits the entire design team to fully understand the test results. The \"best\" ALT is a method that adds value to the design process. The most accurate results would involve testing all the pro...","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67808591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.17764/JIET.57.1.K8560855151101N8
D. Ensor
ISO Technical Committee (TC) 209: "Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments" produced many significant standards during its first 20 years of existence. Much remains to be accomplished, however, as the committee is on the verge of completing revisions to two major standards while it also embarks on creating vital new documents.
{"title":"ISO Technical Committee on Cleanrooms and Associated Controlled Environments Enters Third Decade with New Changes on Horizon","authors":"D. Ensor","doi":"10.17764/JIET.57.1.K8560855151101N8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/JIET.57.1.K8560855151101N8","url":null,"abstract":"ISO Technical Committee (TC) 209: \"Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments\" produced many significant standards during its first 20 years of existence. Much remains to be accomplished, however, as the committee is on the verge of completing revisions to two major standards while it also embarks on creating vital new documents.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67809016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-29DOI: 10.17764/JIET.57.1.46133400W668LT58
Paul Jaffe, D. Scheiman, Karina D. Hemmendinger
Space Solar Power (SSP) is broadly defined as the collection of solar energy in space and its wireless transmission for use on Earth. The implementation of such a system could offer energy security, environmental, and technological advantages. The Integrated Symmetrical Concentrator (ISC) and Modular Symmetrical Concentrator (MSC) concepts have received considerable attention among recent commonly proposed SSP implementations. Each concept employs an array of modules for performing conversion of concentrated sunlight into microwaves for transmission to Earth. Until the efforts of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, no module prototypes had been subjected to the challenging conditions inherent to the space environment. The customized space simulation testing and the associated development described in this paper detail the efforts to test a prototype module in vacuum under multiple suns of solar concentration. A small vacuum chamber and 4000W Xenon light source were adapted to provide the desired test cond...
{"title":"Concentrated Solar Radiation Simulation For Space Solar Power Module Vacuum Testing","authors":"Paul Jaffe, D. Scheiman, Karina D. Hemmendinger","doi":"10.17764/JIET.57.1.46133400W668LT58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/JIET.57.1.46133400W668LT58","url":null,"abstract":"Space Solar Power (SSP) is broadly defined as the collection of solar energy in space and its wireless transmission for use on Earth. The implementation of such a system could offer energy security, environmental, and technological advantages. The Integrated Symmetrical Concentrator (ISC) and Modular Symmetrical Concentrator (MSC) concepts have received considerable attention among recent commonly proposed SSP implementations. Each concept employs an array of modules for performing conversion of concentrated sunlight into microwaves for transmission to Earth. Until the efforts of the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, no module prototypes had been subjected to the challenging conditions inherent to the space environment. The customized space simulation testing and the associated development described in this paper detail the efforts to test a prototype module in vacuum under multiple suns of solar concentration. A small vacuum chamber and 4000W Xenon light source were adapted to provide the desired test cond...","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67808572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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