Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.1
Roberta Burrows
Archive provides insight into 60 years of scientific advancement During the past six decades, thousands of authors and reviewers have contributed to technical innovation through IEST's flagship scientific publication, known today as the Journal of the IEST. Established in 1958 as the Journal of Environmental Engineering, primarily to report on environmental testing research, today's Journal of the IEST covers a broad range of topics: contamination control, reliability assessment and evaluation, nanotechnology facility design, laboratory and field-testing and evaluation, and environmental instrumentation and effects. As the official publication of the IEST, the Journal serves as a permanent record of progress in the environmental sciences and is archived in the United States Library of Congress.
{"title":"Journal of the IEST Marks 60th Anniversary","authors":"Roberta Burrows","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Archive provides insight into 60 years of scientific advancement\u0000 During the past six decades, thousands of authors and reviewers have contributed to technical innovation through IEST's flagship scientific publication, known today as the Journal of the IEST. Established in 1958 as the Journal of Environmental Engineering, primarily to report on environmental testing research, today's Journal of the IEST covers a broad range of topics: contamination control, reliability assessment and evaluation, nanotechnology facility design, laboratory and field-testing and evaluation, and environmental instrumentation and effects. As the official publication of the IEST, the Journal serves as a permanent record of progress in the environmental sciences and is archived in the United States Library of Congress.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45855829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.31
Jennifer Dawson, Bobby Lyon, Naoki Murakami
SSL has performed pyroshock qualification testing on a wide array of satellite hardware, including more than 450 tests of propulsion, mechanism, bus electronic, attitude control, RF passive, and RF active units. An analysis of shock-related hardware failures was performed to determine risk factors related to the pyroshock qualification of new units. Specific failure examples are described. The features that put units at highest risk for shock qualification failure include relays, heavy bonded or soldered elements, lightweight structural components, and brittle materials.
{"title":"Risk Factors for Pyroshock Qualification Failure of Satellite Hardware","authors":"Jennifer Dawson, Bobby Lyon, Naoki Murakami","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 SSL has performed pyroshock qualification testing on a wide array of satellite hardware, including more than 450 tests of propulsion, mechanism, bus electronic, attitude control, RF passive, and RF active units. An analysis of shock-related hardware failures was performed to determine risk factors related to the pyroshock qualification of new units. Specific failure examples are described. The features that put units at highest risk for shock qualification failure include relays, heavy bonded or soldered elements, lightweight structural components, and brittle materials.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41675281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.60
Roberta Burrows
New edition of cleanroom testing standard nears completion as three current standards begin revision
新版洁净室测试标准即将完成，三个现行标准开始修订
{"title":"ISO/TC 209 Tackles Revisions of ISO 14644 Standards","authors":"Roberta Burrows","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.61.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"New edition of cleanroom testing standard nears completion as three current standards begin revision","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46123530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.17764/1557-2196-64.1.30
M. Cerimele, J. Homan, Sam Garcia, J. Garza, Gabriel J. Hirsch, J. Lauterbach, R. Linza, G. Vargas
NASA is the mission lead for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the next of the “Great Observatories,” scheduled for launch in 2021. NASA is directly responsible for the integration and test (I&T) program that culminated in an end-to-end cryo vacuum optical test of the flight telescope and instrument module in Chamber A at NASA Johnson Space Center. Historic Chamber A is the largest thermal vacuum chamber at Johnson Space Center and one of the largest space simulation chambers in the world. Chamber A has undergone a major modernization effort to support the deep cryogenic, vacuum and cleanliness requirements for testing the JWST. This paper describes the upgrades to the Chamber A facility: Thermal Shrouds, Helium Refrigeration, Liquid Nitrogen System, High Vacuum System, Clean Airflow System, and Utilities.
{"title":"Modernization of NASA Johnson Space Center’s Chamber A to support Cryogenic Vacuum Optical Testing of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)","authors":"M. Cerimele, J. Homan, Sam Garcia, J. Garza, Gabriel J. Hirsch, J. Lauterbach, R. Linza, G. Vargas","doi":"10.17764/1557-2196-64.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1557-2196-64.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 NASA is the mission lead for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the next of the “Great Observatories,” scheduled for launch in 2021. NASA is directly responsible for the integration and test (I&T) program that culminated in an end-to-end cryo vacuum optical test of the flight telescope and instrument module in Chamber A at NASA Johnson Space Center. Historic Chamber A is the largest thermal vacuum chamber at Johnson Space Center and one of the largest space simulation chambers in the world. Chamber A has undergone a major modernization effort to support the deep cryogenic, vacuum and cleanliness requirements for testing the JWST. This paper describes the upgrades to the Chamber A facility: Thermal Shrouds, Helium Refrigeration, Liquid Nitrogen System, High Vacuum System, Clean Airflow System, and Utilities.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42305172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-12DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.5
Roberta Burrows, Anne Marie Dixon-Heathman
{"title":"Beyond the ISO Cleanroom Standards—Comprehensive Guidance from IEST","authors":"Roberta Burrows, Anne Marie Dixon-Heathman","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47978372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-12DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.1
Roberta Burrows, D. Ensor
{"title":"ISO/TC 209 Launches New Cleanroom Standards and Outreach Projects","authors":"Roberta Burrows, D. Ensor","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42250806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-12DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.31
M. Hale
Abstract Method 519.7, Annex D of MIL-STD-810G, Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests, Change Notice 1 (MIL-STD-810G/CN1) outlines a prediction methodology for establishing a sine-on-random (SoR) structured spectrum that is intended to be representative of gunfire for use in cases in which there is an absence of field data. From that spectrum, the ramp modulated pulse (RMP) technique is proposed as a methodology to synthesize a time history with temporal characteristics that more realistically represent the temporal characteristics of gunfire than that of a SoR time history synthesized via classical SoR generation techniques. This paper provides an alternate technique to the RMP methodology presented in Method 519. The alternate technique is based on normalized exponentially weighted (NEW) time history generated via classical time domain techniques for a SoR vibration test. An outline of the NEW technique and an associated example are provided.
{"title":"Synthesis of a Time History Based on the Sine-on-Random Prediction Methodology Defined in MIL-STD-810 Method 519","authors":"M. Hale","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Method 519.7, Annex D of MIL-STD-810G, Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests, Change Notice 1 (MIL-STD-810G/CN1) outlines a prediction methodology for establishing a sine-on-random (SoR) structured spectrum that is intended to be representative of gunfire for use in cases in which there is an absence of field data. From that spectrum, the ramp modulated pulse (RMP) technique is proposed as a methodology to synthesize a time history with temporal characteristics that more realistically represent the temporal characteristics of gunfire than that of a SoR time history synthesized via classical SoR generation techniques. This paper provides an alternate technique to the RMP methodology presented in Method 519. The alternate technique is based on normalized exponentially weighted (NEW) time history generated via classical time domain techniques for a SoR vibration test. An outline of the NEW technique and an associated example are provided.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41516485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-12DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.42
D. Aldridge
Abstract Severe yet common product environmental tests are 1000 hours at 85 °C/85% RH or 95 °C/95% RH for products, circuit card assemblies, and electronic components. Such environments never occur naturally; however, they attempt to simulate the corrosion damage that could be expected in service. To what natural environment do these tests correlate? Further, how do tests based on MIL-HDBK-310, MIL-STD-810, and STANAG 2895 B3 daily environments compare to these standard test environments? The analysis employs the Physics-of-Failure (POF) Peck power law temperature-humidity model with common conservative values for the Arrhenius activation energy and the relative humidity exponent, based on aluminum corrosion, coupled with climatological data from 49 United States weather stations and 19 international locations. The monthly average temperature and humidity extremes were transformed into an hourly diurnal cycle assumed to occur every day of each month. Using the power law model the equivalent time at the te...
{"title":"Characterizing the Natural Temperature and Humidity Environment Severity","authors":"D. Aldridge","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Severe yet common product environmental tests are 1000 hours at 85 °C/85% RH or 95 °C/95% RH for products, circuit card assemblies, and electronic components. Such environments never occur naturally; however, they attempt to simulate the corrosion damage that could be expected in service. To what natural environment do these tests correlate? Further, how do tests based on MIL-HDBK-310, MIL-STD-810, and STANAG 2895 B3 daily environments compare to these standard test environments? The analysis employs the Physics-of-Failure (POF) Peck power law temperature-humidity model with common conservative values for the Arrhenius activation energy and the relative humidity exponent, based on aluminum corrosion, coupled with climatological data from 49 United States weather stations and 19 international locations. The monthly average temperature and humidity extremes were transformed into an hourly diurnal cycle assumed to occur every day of each month. Using the power law model the equivalent time at the te...","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42817807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-12DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.21
M. Hale
Abstract Reference criteria for a multiple degree-of-freedom (MDOF) random vibration test is generally provided in terms of an acceleration-based spectral density matrix (SDM). This SDM may be developed in terms of the auto-spectral densities (ASDs) and cross-spectral densities (CSDs) computed from the time histories acquired from an appropriately placed and oriented set of linear accelerometers. Such a direct measurement linear accelerometer based reference criteria will be denoted as SDMmeas. A second technique for defining a reference SDM is in terms of the accelerations associated with the six classical motion degrees-of-freedom as defined at an arbitrary point of origin. Such a reference will be denoted as SDMmotion. The objective at hand is to demonstrate the method of transforming between these two reference criteria spaces.
{"title":"Spectral Density Matrix Transformations","authors":"M. Hale","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Reference criteria for a multiple degree-of-freedom (MDOF) random vibration test is generally provided in terms of an acceleration-based spectral density matrix (SDM). This SDM may be developed in terms of the auto-spectral densities (ASDs) and cross-spectral densities (CSDs) computed from the time histories acquired from an appropriately placed and oriented set of linear accelerometers. Such a direct measurement linear accelerometer based reference criteria will be denoted as SDMmeas. A second technique for defining a reference SDM is in terms of the accelerations associated with the six classical motion degrees-of-freedom as defined at an arbitrary point of origin. Such a reference will be denoted as SDMmotion. The objective at hand is to demonstrate the method of transforming between these two reference criteria spaces.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42924487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.9
Davinia B. Rizzo, M. Blackburn
Abstract As MIL-STD-810G, Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests, and subsequent versions have incorporated multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) vibration test methodologies, it is important to understand the history and factors that drove the original decision in MIL-STD-810 to focus on single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) vibration testing. Examining the thought process behind early MIL-STD-810 vibration test methods is useful when considering MDOF testing now that it is feasible with today's technology and documented in MIL-STD-810. This paper delves into the details of the decision made in the 1960s to develop the SDOF vibration testing standards in MIL-STD-810 beyond the limitations of technology at the time. This paper also considers the implications for effective test planning today considering the advances in test capabilities and improvements in understanding of the operational environment.
{"title":"The History of a Decision: A Standard Vibration Test Method for Qualification","authors":"Davinia B. Rizzo, M. Blackburn","doi":"10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17764/1098-4321.60.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As MIL-STD-810G, Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests, and subsequent versions have incorporated multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) vibration test methodologies, it is important to understand the history and factors that drove the original decision in MIL-STD-810 to focus on single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) vibration testing. Examining the thought process behind early MIL-STD-810 vibration test methods is useful when considering MDOF testing now that it is feasible with today's technology and documented in MIL-STD-810. This paper delves into the details of the decision made in the 1960s to develop the SDOF vibration testing standards in MIL-STD-810 beyond the limitations of technology at the time. This paper also considers the implications for effective test planning today considering the advances in test capabilities and improvements in understanding of the operational environment.","PeriodicalId":35935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the IEST","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67782577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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