Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.029
Jia-Yi Cong, Xin-Zheng Li, Yong Xu
Species distribution models (SDMs) are valuable tools in predicting species distribution ranges and the suitable habitats, which are based on environmental conditions and species distribution data. These models encompass correlative models, mechanistic models, and mechanistic-correlative models. In the field of marine science, SDMs have been extensively used for predicting the spatial distribution patterns of various marine organisms including fish, mammals, algae, et al. However, the application of SDMs in predicting the distribution of macrobenthos remains scarce. Understanding the distribution of macrobenthos, the integral components of marine ecosystems, has significant implications for ecological conservation and resource management. We reviewed common methodologies employed in SDMs and presented case studies using different models to predict the distribution patterns of marine macrobenthos. Further, we emphasized the use of correlative and mechanistic models to analyze the impact of climate change on the spatial distribution of marine macrobenthos. Finally, we discussed the challenges and prospects associated with SDMs. With the advances in remote sensing technology and modeling techniques, SDMs are becoming increasingly pivotal in marine ecological research, which could offer a robust scientific foundation for addressing climate change and preserving marine biodiversity.
{"title":"Application of species distribution models in predicting the distribution of marine macrobenthos.","authors":"Jia-Yi Cong, Xin-Zheng Li, Yong Xu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.029","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species distribution models (SDMs) are valuable tools in predicting species distribution ranges and the suitable habitats, which are based on environmental conditions and species distribution data. These models encompass correlative models, mechanistic models, and mechanistic-correlative models. In the field of marine science, SDMs have been extensively used for predicting the spatial distribution patterns of various marine organisms including fish, mammals, algae, <i>et al</i>. However, the application of SDMs in predicting the distribution of macrobenthos remains scarce. Understanding the distribution of macrobenthos, the integral components of marine ecosystems, has significant implications for ecological conservation and resource management. We reviewed common methodologies employed in SDMs and presented case studies using different models to predict the distribution patterns of marine macrobenthos. Further, we emphasized the use of correlative and mechanistic models to analyze the impact of climate change on the spatial distribution of marine macrobenthos. Finally, we discussed the challenges and prospects associated with SDMs. With the advances in remote sensing technology and modeling techniques, SDMs are becoming increasingly pivotal in marine ecological research, which could offer a robust scientific foundation for addressing climate change and preserving marine biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 9","pages":"2392-2400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atmospheric deposition provides a stable iron source for peatlands. The influences of Fe input on methane (CH4) productions and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We conducted a microcosm experiment with peat sediments collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China to explore the effects of ferrihydrite reductionfor CH4 productions in peatlands by using geochemical analyses including 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) in combination with high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results showed that ferrihydrite reduction significantly increased CH4 production, being 30 times of that under the control. Selective extractions for iron oxides and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements revealed that no crystalline secondary iron minerals were formed during the ferrihydrite reduction process. The addition of ferrihydrite enhanced the degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in peat soil, resulting in a reduction in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Furthermore, the relative abundance of typical fermentative microorganisms in peat sediments, including Acidobacteriota and Bacteroidota, significantly increased. Such a result indicated that reduction of ferrihydrite accelerated organic matter decomposition and increased substrate concentration required for methanogenesis. Furthermore, a co-increase in relative abundance of Geobacter, Geothrix, and Methanobacterium in the ferrihydrite-amended group suggested a potential synergistic interaction that may promote the CH4 production. Our results demonstrated that ferrihydrite reduction could significantly enhance CH4 production and play a vital role in regulating CH4 emissions in peatlands.
{"title":"Influences and mechanisms of iron input for methane productions in peatlands.","authors":"Xin-Yi Hu, Hong-Yan Wang, Tian Zhan, Yi-Jie Xu, Guo-Xin Sun, Zhi-Guo Yu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.016","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atmospheric deposition provides a stable iron source for peatlands. The influences of Fe input on methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) productions and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We conducted a microcosm experiment with peat sediments collected from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China to explore the effects of ferrihydrite reductionfor CH<sub>4</sub> productions in peatlands by using geochemical analyses including <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) in combination with high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results showed that ferrihydrite reduction significantly increased CH<sub>4</sub> production, being 30 times of that under the control. Selective extractions for iron oxides and <sup>57</sup>Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements revealed that no crystalline secondary iron minerals were formed during the ferrihydrite reduction process. The addition of ferrihydrite enhanced the degradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in peat soil, resulting in a reduction in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Furthermore, the relative abundance of typical fermentative microorganisms in peat sediments, including Acidobacteriota and Bacteroidota, significantly increased. Such a result indicated that reduction of ferrihydrite accelerated organic matter decomposition and increased substrate concentration required for methanogenesis. Furthermore, a co-increase in relative abundance of <i>Geobacter</i>, <i>Geothrix</i>, and <i>Methanobacterium</i> in the ferrihydrite-amended group suggested a potential synergistic interaction that may promote the CH<sub>4</sub> production. Our results demonstrated that ferrihydrite reduction could significantly enhance CH<sub>4</sub> production and play a vital role in regulating CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in peatlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 9","pages":"2599-2608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.009
Juan-Juan Zhang, Xing-Zhi Li, Ya-Nan Wang, Jiao-Jiao Deng, Li Zhou, Wang-Ming Zhou, Da-Pao Yu, Qing-Wei Wang
Litter decomposition significantly influences the carbon (C) dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Solar radiation is not only essential for photosynthetic C fixation and primary productivity, but also can directly or indirectly promote litter decomposition through photodegradation. Recently, photodegradation has been identified as a key factor driving litter decomposition and potentially impacts terrestrial C cycle. To enrich and develop the theory of litter decomposition, we summarized the mechanisms and main driving factors of photodegradation, and compared the responses of photodegradation to environment and climate changes at different scales. Photodegradation primarily includes photomineralization, photoinhibition, and photofaciliation, each affecting litter decomposition differently under various environmental conditions. Photodegradation is closely related to factors such as solar radiation, litter traits, temperature, moisture, microorganisms, and vegetation cover. The interactions among these factors complicate the patterns of photodegradation. Finally, we identified the main issues in litter photodegradation research and prospected future research directions. We emphasized the needs for in-depth exploration of photodegradation pathways and intrinsic mechanisms, quantification of its interactive effects with environmental factors, and optimization of traditional carbon turnover models.
{"title":"Research advance in effects of solar radiation on litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems.","authors":"Juan-Juan Zhang, Xing-Zhi Li, Ya-Nan Wang, Jiao-Jiao Deng, Li Zhou, Wang-Ming Zhou, Da-Pao Yu, Qing-Wei Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.009","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202409.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Litter decomposition significantly influences the carbon (C) dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Solar radiation is not only essential for photosynthetic C fixation and primary productivity, but also can directly or indirectly promote litter decomposition through photodegradation. Recently, photodegradation has been identified as a key factor driving litter decomposition and potentially impacts terrestrial C cycle. To enrich and develop the theory of litter decomposition, we summarized the mechanisms and main driving factors of photodegradation, and compared the responses of photodegradation to environment and climate changes at different scales. Photodegradation primarily includes photomineralization, photoinhibition, and photofaciliation, each affecting litter decomposition differently under various environmental conditions. Photodegradation is closely related to factors such as solar radiation, litter traits, temperature, moisture, microorganisms, and vegetation cover. The interactions among these factors complicate the patterns of photodegradation. Finally, we identified the main issues in litter photodegradation research and prospected future research directions. We emphasized the needs for in-depth exploration of photodegradation pathways and intrinsic mechanisms, quantification of its interactive effects with environmental factors, and optimization of traditional carbon turnover models.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 9","pages":"2463-2472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.005
Hui-Yue Yan, Xiao-Min Zeng, Yu Xue, Xiao-Hong Liu
The Vaganov-Shashkin (VS) and VS-Lite models are the most widely used physiological processes-based models of tree-ring width. Both models can reveal the intrinsic response mechanism between tree-ring width and external climate factors. The VS model is commonly applied in climate reconstruction, wood phenology prediction, and the simulation of cambial activity, while the VS-Lite model is primarily applied in forecasting growth trends of forest. We collected papers related to the VS and VS-Lite models published between 2005 and 2023, and reviewed the fundamental principles, parameter settings, and historical development of both models, as well as the their applications in research areas of dendroclimatology, xylem phenology, and forest ecology. Then, we summarized the current issues with the models and proposed future research directions. To increase confidence in the simulation results, it is essential to optimize the parameter adjustment method of the models, consider the impact of multiple environmental factors on the physiological processes of trees, and strengthen the comparative study of the VS and VS-Lite model with other vegetation ecological models.
瓦加诺夫-沙希金(VS)模型和 VS-Lite 模型是应用最广泛的基于生理过程的树环宽度模型。这两个模型都能揭示树环宽度与外部气候因子之间的内在反应机制。VS 模型通常应用于气候重建、木材物候预测和树皮活动模拟,而 VS-Lite 模型则主要应用于森林生长趋势预测。我们收集了 2005 年至 2023 年间发表的与 VS 和 VS-Lite 模型相关的论文,回顾了这两种模型的基本原理、参数设置、历史发展,以及它们在树木气候学、木质部物候学和森林生态学等研究领域的应用。然后,我们总结了模型目前存在的问题,并提出了未来的研究方向。为了提高模拟结果的可信度,必须优化模型的参数调整方法,考虑多种环境因素对树木生理过程的影响,并加强 VS 和 VS-Lite 模型与其他植被生态模型的对比研究。
{"title":"Research progress on physiological processes-based tree-ring width models of Vaganov-Shashkin (VS)and VS-Lite.","authors":"Hui-Yue Yan, Xiao-Min Zeng, Yu Xue, Xiao-Hong Liu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Vaganov-Shashkin (VS) and VS-Lite models are the most widely used physiological processes-based models of tree-ring width. Both models can reveal the intrinsic response mechanism between tree-ring width and external climate factors. The VS model is commonly applied in climate reconstruction, wood phenology prediction, and the simulation of cambial activity, while the VS-Lite model is primarily applied in forecasting growth trends of forest. We collected papers related to the VS and VS-Lite models published between 2005 and 2023, and reviewed the fundamental principles, parameter settings, and historical development of both models, as well as the their applications in research areas of dendroclimatology, xylem phenology, and forest ecology. Then, we summarized the current issues with the models and proposed future research directions. To increase confidence in the simulation results, it is essential to optimize the parameter adjustment method of the models, consider the impact of multiple environmental factors on the physiological processes of trees, and strengthen the comparative study of the VS and VS-Lite model with other vegetation ecological models.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2256-2266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.029
Mao-Hui Tian, Li-Dong Shen, Wei-Ci Su
Paddy fields are recognized as significant sources of methane (CH4) emissions, playing a pivotal role in global climate change. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations (e[CO2]) exert a profound influence on the carbon cycling of paddy fields. Understanding the effects of e[CO2] on CH4 emissions, as well as the underlying microbial processes, is crucial for enhancing carbon sequestration and reducing emissions in paddy fields. We reviewed the impacts of e[CO2] on CH4 emission in paddy fields, focusing on the activity, abundance, community structure, and diversity of carbon-cycling-related microbes. We also delineated the roles of various microbial processes in mitigating CH4 emissions under e[CO2], as well as the primary environmental determinants. Overall, the type of e[CO2] experimental platforms, duration of fumigation, concentration gradients, and the methods of CO2 enrichment all influence CH4 emissions from paddy fields. e[CO2] initially stimulates CH4 emissions, which may decrease over time, indicating an adaptability of the methane-emitting microbial community to e[CO2]. This response exhibits a trend of initial attenuation followed by an intensification of the positive effects on CH4 emissions. Experiments with abrupt increase of CO2 concentration might overestimate CH4 emissions. The impact of e[CO2] on microbial processes is predominantly characterized by enhanced activities and abundance of methanogens, aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs. It significantly alters the community composition and diversity of methanotrophs, with minimal effects on methanogens and anaerobic methanotrophic communities. Finally, we outlined future research directions: 1) Integrated investigations into the effects of e[CO2] on CH4 emissions, methanogenesis, and both aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs in paddy fields could elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impacts of climate change on CH4 emissions; 2) Long-term studies are essential to understand the mechanisms of e[CO2] on CH4 emissions and associated microbial processes more accurately and realistically; 3) Multi-scale (temporal and spatial), multi-factorial (CO2 concentration, temperature, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and water management practices), and multi-methodological (observational, data, and model integration) research is necessary to effectively reduce the uncertainties in assessing the response of CH4 emissions in paddy fields and related microbial processes to e[CO2] under future climate change scenarios.
{"title":"Research progress on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration on CH<sub>4</sub> emission and related microbial processes in paddy fields.","authors":"Mao-Hui Tian, Li-Dong Shen, Wei-Ci Su","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paddy fields are recognized as significant sources of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions, playing a pivotal role in global climate change. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentrations (e[CO<sub>2</sub>]) exert a profound influence on the carbon cycling of paddy fields. Understanding the effects of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions, as well as the underlying microbial processes, is crucial for enhancing carbon sequestration and reducing emissions in paddy fields. We reviewed the impacts of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] on CH<sub>4</sub> emission in paddy fields, focusing on the activity, abundance, community structure, and diversity of carbon-cycling-related microbes. We also delineated the roles of various microbial processes in mitigating CH<sub>4</sub> emissions under e[CO<sub>2</sub>], as well as the primary environmental determinants. Overall, the type of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] experimental platforms, duration of fumigation, concentration gradients, and the methods of CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment all influence CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from paddy fields. e[CO<sub>2</sub>] initially stimulates CH<sub>4</sub> emissions, which may decrease over time, indicating an adaptability of the methane-emitting microbial community to e[CO<sub>2</sub>]. This response exhibits a trend of initial attenuation followed by an intensification of the positive effects on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. Experiments with abrupt increase of CO<sub>2</sub> concentration might overestimate CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. The impact of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] on microbial processes is predominantly characterized by enhanced activities and abundance of methanogens, aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs. It significantly alters the community composition and diversity of methanotrophs, with minimal effects on methanogens and anaerobic methanotrophic communities. Finally, we outlined future research directions: 1) Integrated investigations into the effects of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions, methanogenesis, and both aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophs in paddy fields could elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impacts of climate change on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions; 2) Long-term studies are essential to understand the mechanisms of e[CO<sub>2</sub>] on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions and associated microbial processes more accurately and realistically; 3) Multi-scale (temporal and spatial), multi-factorial (CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, temperature, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and water management practices), and multi-methodological (observational, data, and model integration) research is necessary to effectively reduce the uncertainties in assessing the response of CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in paddy fields and related microbial processes to e[CO<sub>2</sub>] under future climate change scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2267-2281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.019
Heng Kan, Guan-Qiao Ding, Jie Guo, Jiang Liu, Ming-Hao Ou
The identification of key areas for ecological restoration of national land space based on the ecological security pattern is an important way to balance environmental protection and social development in the new era. With the Taihu Lake city cluster as the study area, we identified the ecological source from both structural and functional aspects, and used the minimum cumulative resistance model to identify the ecological corridors on the basis of constructing the resistance surface. Coupled the landscape ecological risk evaluation, we determined the appropriate width of each ecological corridor in the study area, identified the key restoration zones through the circuit theory. Then, we constructed the ecological security pattern of "six zones and four belts" and controlled by zoning. The results showed that the 32 ecological source areas in the Taihu Lake city cluster presented a spatial pattern of "more in the east and less in the west-mountains and lakes are connected" and 70 ecological corridors were concentrated in the west and the center. The suitable width of most of the ecological corridors was 1500-2000 m. The ecological restoration zones of the national land space were concentrated in the eastern part of the Lake Taihu, Changxing County, and Liyang City. According to the characteristics of the study area and the actual situation of the restoration area, we proposed specific protection and restoration measures, such as protecting the core ecological source, optimizing and restoring the important corridors, and reasonably planning land use of the ecological pinch points and obstacle points.
{"title":"Identification of key areas for ecological restoration of territorial space based on ecological security pattern analysis: A case study of the Taihu Lake city cluster.","authors":"Heng Kan, Guan-Qiao Ding, Jie Guo, Jiang Liu, Ming-Hao Ou","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of key areas for ecological restoration of national land space based on the ecological security pattern is an important way to balance environmental protection and social development in the new era. With the Taihu Lake city cluster as the study area, we identified the ecological source from both structural and functional aspects, and used the minimum cumulative resistance model to identify the ecological corridors on the basis of constructing the resistance surface. Coupled the landscape ecological risk evaluation, we determined the appropriate width of each ecological corridor in the study area, identified the key restoration zones through the circuit theory. Then, we constructed the ecological security pattern of \"six zones and four belts\" and controlled by zoning. The results showed that the 32 ecological source areas in the Taihu Lake city cluster presented a spatial pattern of \"more in the east and less in the west-mountains and lakes are connected\" and 70 ecological corridors were concentrated in the west and the center. The suitable width of most of the ecological corridors was 1500-2000 m. The ecological restoration zones of the national land space were concentrated in the eastern part of the Lake Taihu, Changxing County, and Liyang City. According to the characteristics of the study area and the actual situation of the restoration area, we proposed specific protection and restoration measures, such as protecting the core ecological source, optimizing and restoring the important corridors, and reasonably planning land use of the ecological pinch points and obstacle points.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2217-2227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiangxi Province is one of the first ecological civilization demonstration provinces in China. Understan-ding the impacts of meteorological conditions on ecosystem regulatory services is beneficial for conducting ecological protection and restoration work. Based on MODIS data, net primary productivity data, and monthly meteorological data from 2000 to 2022, we used models such as water balance equation and soil loss equation to measure the four regulatory service functions of ecosystem in Jiangxi Province, including carbon sequestration, oxygen release, water conservation and soil conservation. We used trend analysis and partial correlation analysis methods to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns and meteorological influencing factors of those four regulation service functions. The results showed that from 2000 to 2022, the annual average values of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Jiangxi Province were 178.8 and 130.0 g·m-2, respectively, with annual increases of 0.4 and 0.3 g·m-2. The spatial distribution of both services was consistent, and the average annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release showed an upward trend in 77.3% regions of Jiangxi Province. The average water conservation and soil retention in Jiangxi Province were 591.8 mm and 723.8 t·hm-2, respectively, with similar spatial distributions. The annual increases were 5.6 mm and 3.7 t·hm-2. The soil conservation and water conservation functions of 73.3% and 69.3% regions in Jiangxi Province were steadily improved. Vegetation carbon sequestration and oxygen release was significantly correlated with temperature at monthly scale and seasonal scale. The partial correlation coefficient of those two factors was higher than other factors, which was an important meteorological factor affecting the carbon sequestration and oxygen release function of ecosystem. Precipitation, which was the most important meteorological factor, had a significant positive correlation with water conservation and soil conservation at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. Our results revealed the impacts of climate change on ecosystem regulatory service functions in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2022, which could provide scientific and technological support for effectively guaranteeing ecosystem protection and restoration in Jiangxi Province and improving the quality and efficiency of ecological civilization construction.
{"title":"Evolution characteristics and meteorological impacts of ecosystem regulation service functions in Jiangxi Province, China from 2000 to 2022.","authors":"Yuan Zhou, Yun Cao, Yue Qian, Yan-Ling Chen, Fang-Yun Dai, Ying-Long Sun","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jiangxi Province is one of the first ecological civilization demonstration provinces in China. Understan-ding the impacts of meteorological conditions on ecosystem regulatory services is beneficial for conducting ecological protection and restoration work. Based on MODIS data, net primary productivity data, and monthly meteorological data from 2000 to 2022, we used models such as water balance equation and soil loss equation to measure the four regulatory service functions of ecosystem in Jiangxi Province, including carbon sequestration, oxygen release, water conservation and soil conservation. We used trend analysis and partial correlation analysis methods to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns and meteorological influencing factors of those four regulation service functions. The results showed that from 2000 to 2022, the annual average values of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Jiangxi Province were 178.8 and 130.0 g·m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, with annual increases of 0.4 and 0.3 g·m<sup>-2</sup>. The spatial distribution of both services was consistent, and the average annual carbon sequestration and oxygen release showed an upward trend in 77.3% regions of Jiangxi Province. The average water conservation and soil retention in Jiangxi Province were 591.8 mm and 723.8 t·hm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, with similar spatial distributions. The annual increases were 5.6 mm and 3.7 t·hm<sup>-2</sup>. The soil conservation and water conservation functions of 73.3% and 69.3% regions in Jiangxi Province were steadily improved. Vegetation carbon sequestration and oxygen release was significantly correlated with temperature at monthly scale and seasonal scale. The partial correlation coefficient of those two factors was higher than other factors, which was an important meteorological factor affecting the carbon sequestration and oxygen release function of ecosystem. Precipitation, which was the most important meteorological factor, had a significant positive correlation with water conservation and soil conservation at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. Our results revealed the impacts of climate change on ecosystem regulatory service functions in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2022, which could provide scientific and technological support for effectively guaranteeing ecosystem protection and restoration in Jiangxi Province and improving the quality and efficiency of ecological civilization construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2187-2196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.002
Hai-Ning Zhang, Jun Zhang, Dong-Jia Zhang, Lu-Yao Li, Rui-Ping Tian, Chuan-Kuan Wang, Xian-Kui Quan
Exploring the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming is helpful for understanding the adaptive mechanisms of trees to climate change. We conducted a warming experiment by transplanting seedlings of Larix gmelinii from 11 provenances to two common gardens, and examined the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming. The results showed that warming significantly increased leaf thickness (TL), upper epidermal mesophyll thickness (TUEM), lower epidermal mesophyll thickness (TLEM), endodermal thickness (TE), vascular bundle diameter (DVB), transfer tissue thickness (TTT), and the percentage of mesophyll thickness to TL(PMT), and significantly decreased the upper epidermal thickness (TUE) and the percentage of epidermal thickness to TL (PE). The mesophyll thickness was positively associated with chlorophyll concentration and maximum net photosynthetic rate. The responses of TL, TUEM, TLEM, TE, DVB, TTT, TUE, PMT and PE to warming differed among all the provenances.As the aridity index of the original site increased, the magnitude of the warming treatment's effect decreased for TL, TUEM, TLEM, TTT and PMT, and increased for TUE and PE. Warming increased the thickness and proportion of profit tissue (e.g., mesophyll) and decreased the thickness and proportion of defensive tissue (e.g., epidermis), and those changes varied among provenances. L. gmelinii could adapt to climate warming by adjusting leaf anatomical structure, and this ability was weak for trees from provenance with high aridity index.
探索叶片解剖结构对气候变暖的响应有助于了解树木对气候变化的适应机制。我们进行了一项气候变暖实验,将11个产地的Larix gmelinii幼苗移植到两个普通园林中,考察了叶片解剖结构对气候变暖的响应。结果表明,气候变暖显著增加了叶片厚度(TL)、上表皮中叶厚度(TUEM)、下表皮中叶厚度(TLEM)、内胚层厚度(TE)、维管束直径(DVB)、转移组织厚度(TTT)和中叶厚度占TL的百分比(PMT),显著降低了上表皮厚度(TUE)和表皮厚度占TL的百分比(PE)。中叶厚度与叶绿素浓度和最大净光合速率呈正相关。所有产地的 TL、TUEM、TLEM、TE、DVB、TTT、TUE、PMT 和 PE 对升温的反应均不相同。随着原产地干旱指数的增加,升温处理对 TL、TUEM、TLEM、TTT 和 PMT 的影响程度降低,对 TUE 和 PE 的影响程度增加。升温增加了获利组织(如中叶)的厚度和比例,降低了防御组织(如表皮)的厚度和比例,这些变化在不同产地有所不同。L.gmelinii可以通过调整叶片解剖结构来适应气候变暖,而这种能力在干旱指数高的产地较弱。
{"title":"Response of leaf anatomical structure of <i>Larix gmelinii</i> to climate warming and provenance variation.","authors":"Hai-Ning Zhang, Jun Zhang, Dong-Jia Zhang, Lu-Yao Li, Rui-Ping Tian, Chuan-Kuan Wang, Xian-Kui Quan","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming is helpful for understanding the adaptive mechanisms of trees to climate change. We conducted a warming experiment by transplanting seedlings of <i>Larix gmelinii</i> from 11 provenances to two common gardens, and examined the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming. The results showed that warming significantly increased leaf thickness (T<sub>L</sub>), upper epidermal mesophyll thickness (T<sub>UEM</sub>), lower epidermal mesophyll thickness (T<sub>LEM</sub>), endodermal thickness (T<sub>E</sub>), vascular bundle diameter (D<sub>VB</sub>), transfer tissue thickness (T<sub>TT</sub>), and the percentage of mesophyll thickness to T<sub>L</sub>(P<sub>MT</sub>), and significantly decreased the upper epidermal thickness (T<sub>UE</sub>) and the percentage of epidermal thickness to T<sub>L</sub> (P<sub>E</sub>). The mesophyll thickness was positively associated with chlorophyll concentration and maximum net photosynthetic rate. The responses of T<sub>L</sub>, T<sub>UEM</sub>, T<sub>LEM</sub>, T<sub>E</sub>, D<sub>VB</sub>, T<sub>TT</sub>, T<sub>UE</sub>, P<sub>MT</sub> and P<sub>E</sub> to warming differed among all the provenances.As the aridity index of the original site increased, the magnitude of the warming treatment's effect decreased for T<sub>L</sub>, T<sub>UEM</sub>, T<sub>LEM</sub>, T<sub>TT</sub> and P<sub>MT</sub>, and increased for T<sub>UE</sub> and P<sub>E</sub>. Warming increased the thickness and proportion of profit tissue (e.g., mesophyll) and decreased the thickness and proportion of defensive tissue (e.g., epidermis), and those changes varied among provenances. <i>L. gmelinii</i> could adapt to climate warming by adjusting leaf anatomical structure, and this ability was weak for trees from provenance with high aridity index.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2073-2081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.026
Ling-Yan Yan, Li Zhang, Xiao-Biao Zhang, Ling-Qiao Kong, Xiao-Jun Kou, Zhi-Yun Ouyang, Jin-Ming Hu
Procapra picticaudata is an ungulate endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and is widely distributed in the Three-River-Source region. Predicting the seasonal variations in habitat suitability and understanding the effects of environmental variables on habitat use by this species will help formulate effective conservation strategies and clarify its niche characteristics. Based on point records of the occurrence collected during repeated field surveys in winter (January 2019) and summer (August 2019), we used MaxEnt model to predict the differences in habitat suitability and the distribution pattern of the P. picticaudata in the Three-River-Source region using eight preselected environmental variables. We further explored the influence of those variables on the P. picticaudata' distribution pattern using environmental response curves. The results showed that the average area under the receiving operator curve values in winter and summer was 0.901±0.023 and 0.882±0.024, respectively, with a good accuracy of fitness. The total area of suitable habitat for P. picticaudata in winter and summer was 6.83×104 and 9.78×104 km2, respectively. The area of suitable habitats in summer increased significantly compared with winter. There was a tendency for P. picticaudata to spread to the south of the Yangtze River Source Park and the Yellow River Source Park in summer. The spatial patterns of habitat suitability in both winter and summer took Three-River-Source National Park as the high-value center and decreased around it. The seasonal average temperature, altitude, population density, and slope were the main environmental variables affecting the distribution of P. picticaudata both in winter and summer. The higher temperatures in summer allowed the suitable P. picticaudata habitats to extend into areas above 5000 m in altitude, and to areas with slopes of less than 25°, compared with winter. The expansion of human activities in summer encroached on the suitable habitat of P. picticaudata.
象鼻猴(Procapra picticaudata)是青藏高原特有的一种蹄类动物,广泛分布于三江源地区。预测栖息地适宜性的季节性变化,了解环境变量对该物种栖息地利用的影响,有助于制定有效的保护策略,明确其生态位特征。基于在冬季(2019年1月)和夏季(2019年8月)多次野外调查中收集到的出现点记录,我们利用MaxEnt模型,利用8个预选的环境变量预测了三江源地区P. picticaudata的栖息地适宜性差异和分布模式。我们还利用环境响应曲线进一步探讨了这些变量对Picticaudata分布模式的影响。结果表明,冬季和夏季接收算子曲线下的平均面积分别为(0.901±0.023)和(0.882±0.024),适生精度较高。冬夏两季Picticaudata的适宜栖息地总面积分别为6.83×104和9.78×104 km2。与冬季相比,夏季的适宜栖息地面积明显增加。在夏季,P. picticaudata 有向长江源公园和黄河源公园南部扩散的趋势。冬季和夏季的栖息地适宜性空间格局均以三江源国家公园为高值中心,并在其周围逐渐降低。季节平均气温、海拔高度、种群密度和坡度是影响冬夏鼠兔分布的主要环境变量。与冬季相比,夏季气温较高,适宜的 P. picticaudata 栖息地扩展到海拔 5000 米以上的地区和坡度小于 25° 的地区。夏季人类活动的扩大侵占了 P. picticaudata 的适宜栖息地。
{"title":"Difference of habitat suitability and the influencing variables between winter and summer of <i>Procapra picticaudata</i> in the Three-River-Source region, China.","authors":"Ling-Yan Yan, Li Zhang, Xiao-Biao Zhang, Ling-Qiao Kong, Xiao-Jun Kou, Zhi-Yun Ouyang, Jin-Ming Hu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Procapra picticaudata</i> is an ungulate endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and is widely distributed in the Three-River-Source region. Predicting the seasonal variations in habitat suitability and understanding the effects of environmental variables on habitat use by this species will help formulate effective conservation strategies and clarify its niche characteristics. Based on point records of the occurrence collected during repeated field surveys in winter (January 2019) and summer (August 2019), we used MaxEnt model to predict the differences in habitat suitability and the distribution pattern of the <i>P. picticaudata</i> in the Three-River-Source region using eight preselected environmental variables. We further explored the influence of those variables on the <i>P. picticaudata</i>' distribution pattern using environmental response curves. The results showed that the average area under the receiving operator curve values in winter and summer was 0.901±0.023 and 0.882±0.024, respectively, with a good accuracy of fitness. The total area of suitable habitat for <i>P. picticaudata</i> in winter and summer was 6.83×10<sup>4</sup> and 9.78×10<sup>4</sup> km<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The area of suitable habitats in summer increased significantly compared with winter. There was a tendency for <i>P. picticaudata</i> to spread to the south of the Yangtze River Source Park and the Yellow River Source Park in summer. The spatial patterns of habitat suitability in both winter and summer took Three-River-Source National Park as the high-value center and decreased around it. The seasonal average temperature, altitude, population density, and slope were the main environmental variables affecting the distribution of <i>P. picticaudata</i> both in winter and summer. The higher temperatures in summer allowed the suitable <i>P. picticaudata</i> habitats to extend into areas above 5000 m in altitude, and to areas with slopes of less than 25°, compared with winter. The expansion of human activities in summer encroached on the suitable habitat of <i>P. picticaudata</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2055-2062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for maintaining soil fertility and promoting sustainable agricultu-ral development. We investigated the impact of long-term tillage practices on soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) and its components in dryland farming areas of the black soil region, based on a 39-year tillage practice experiment. We compared the effects of different tillage practices (conventional rotary and ridge tillage, CT; no-tillage, NT; subsoiling tillage, ST; moldboard plowing, MP) on SOCS, active organic carbon components, and microbial necromass carbon (MNC) content in the 0-40 cm soil layer. The results showed that, compared to CT, NT significantly increased the contents of SOCS, SOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), and MNC in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Both ST and MP significantly improved the contents of SOCS, SOC, and EOC in 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers compared to CT and increased MBC content in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Additionally, MP treatment significantly improved the contents of DOC, particulate organic carbon, and MNC in the 20-40 cm soil layer compared to other treatments. ST and MP significantly reduced the contribution rate of MNC to SOC in both soil layers compared to CT and NT treatments. Results of structural equation modeling showed that enhancing the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, field capacity, and total phosphorus content, along with increasing the activities of β-glucosidase, amylase, and lignin peroxidase, could promote MNC accumulation. MP treatment facilitated the uniform distribution of SOC, active organic carbon, and MNC in the 0-40 cm soil layer, which was more conducive to the fixation of SOC in farmland in the black soil region.
{"title":"Impact of long-term tillage on the soil organic carbon storage and its composition in black soil.","authors":"Sheng-Tao Tian, Yang Luo, Peng-Xiang Sui, Hao Wang, Ying Ren, Si-Qi Zhou, Hai-Feng Liu, Jin-Yu Zheng","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202408.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for maintaining soil fertility and promoting sustainable agricultu-ral development. We investigated the impact of long-term tillage practices on soil organic carbon storage (SOCS) and its components in dryland farming areas of the black soil region, based on a 39-year tillage practice experiment. We compared the effects of different tillage practices (conventional rotary and ridge tillage, CT; no-tillage, NT; subsoiling tillage, ST; moldboard plowing, MP) on SOCS, active organic carbon components, and microbial necromass carbon (MNC) content in the 0-40 cm soil layer. The results showed that, compared to CT, NT significantly increased the contents of SOCS, SOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), and MNC in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Both ST and MP significantly improved the contents of SOCS, SOC, and EOC in 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers compared to CT and increased MBC content in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Additionally, MP treatment significantly improved the contents of DOC, particulate organic carbon, and MNC in the 20-40 cm soil layer compared to other treatments. ST and MP significantly reduced the contribution rate of MNC to SOC in both soil layers compared to CT and NT treatments. Results of structural equation modeling showed that enhancing the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, field capacity, and total phosphorus content, along with increasing the activities of β-glucosidase, amylase, and lignin peroxidase, could promote MNC accumulation. MP treatment facilitated the uniform distribution of SOC, active organic carbon, and MNC in the 0-40 cm soil layer, which was more conducive to the fixation of SOC in farmland in the black soil region.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"35 8","pages":"2167-2175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}