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[Effects of nitrogen addition on soil-microbe-extracellular enzyme stoichiometric characteristics in rhizosphere and bulk soil of Larix gmelinii secondary forest]. 氮素添加对落叶松次生林根际和块土土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征的影响
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.016
Rui Zhang, Rui-Jia Cai, Jing-Jing Wang, Qing-Gui Wang, Chuan-Kuan Wang, Xian-Kui Quan

Exploring the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on the stoichiometric characteristics of rhizosphere and bulk soil, microorganisms, and extracellular enzymes can provide theoretical insights into the impacts of N deposition on soil carbon dynamics and nutrient limitation status. We conducted a field experiment in a secondary Larix gmelinii forest in the Greater Khingan Mountains to examined the effects of N addition on the stoichiometric characteristics of soil, microorganisms and extracellular enzymes, as well as extracellular enzyme activities. There were four treatments: control (CK), low N (LN), medium N (MN), and high N (HN), with the rate of 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N·hm-2·a-1, respectively. The results showed that N addition significantly increased total soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), SOC∶TN and SOC∶TP in rhizosphere soil, as well as TN, SOC∶TP and TN∶TP in bulk soil, but significantly decreased total phosphorus (TP) in bulk soil. SOC and SOC∶TN in bulk soil were significantly increased under LN and MN treatments. Nitrogen addition significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), MBC∶MBN, MBC∶MBP, and MBN∶MBP in rhizosphere soil. In addition, microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) in rhizosphere soil, as well as MBC, MBN, MBC∶MBN, MBC∶MBP, and MBN∶MBP in bulk soil significantly increased under LN and MN treatments. Enzyme activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus acquisition, and extracellular enzyme nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (EN∶P) in both rhizosphere and bulk soils were enhanced by N addition. Nitrogen addition significantly decreased the extracellular enzyme carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (EC∶N) and carbon-to-phosphorus ratio (EC∶P) in rhizosphere soil by 10.9%-17.6% and 7.0%-9.0%, respectively. EC∶P in bulk soil increased significantly by 7.2%-7.4% under LN and MN treatments. Results of enzyme vector analysis showed that N addition alleviated carbon limitation in rhizosphere microorganisms and phosphorus limitation in bulk soil microorganisms. In rhizosphere soil, EC∶N showed a linear negative correlation with MBC∶MBN and SOC∶TN, while EC∶P showed a linear negative correlation with MBC∶MBP and SOC∶TP. In bulk soil, EC∶P was positively correlated with SOC∶TP and MBC∶MBP. In summary, the stoichiometric characteristics of soil, microorganisms, and extracellular enzymes in rhizosphere and bulk soils responded differently to N addition. Our results would provide a theoretical basis for understanding the rhizosphere effects on forest soil nutrient cycling under N deposition.

探讨氮添加对根际和块状土壤、微生物和胞外酶的化学计量特征的影响,可以为氮沉降对土壤碳动态和养分限制状况的影响提供理论见解。以大兴安岭落叶松次生林为研究对象,研究了施氮对土壤、微生物和胞外酶的化学计量学特征及胞外酶活性的影响。对照(CK)、低氮(LN)、中氮(MN)和高氮(HN) 4个处理,施氮量分别为0、25、50和75 kg N·hm-2·a-1。结果表明:施氮显著提高了根际土壤总有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、有机碳∶TN和有机碳∶TP,显著降低了块状土壤全磷(TP)、有机碳∶TP和有机碳∶TP;LN和MN处理显著提高了大块土的有机碳和有机碳∶TN。添加氮显著提高了根际土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)、MBC∶MBN、MBC∶MBP和MBN∶MBP。此外,LN和MN处理显著提高了根际土壤微生物生物量磷(MBP),以及块状土壤MBC、MBN、MBC∶MBN、MBC∶MBP和MBN∶MBP。施氮可提高根际和块状土壤中碳、氮、磷获取相关酶活性和胞外酶氮磷比(EN∶P)。施氮显著降低根际土壤胞外酶碳氮比(EC∶N)和碳磷比(EC∶P),分别降低10.9% ~ 17.6%和7.0% ~ 9.0%。LN和MN处理土壤中EC∶P显著提高7.2% ~ 7.4%。酶载体分析结果表明,施氮缓解了根际微生物的碳限制和块状土壤微生物的磷限制。根际土壤EC∶N与MBC∶MBN、SOC∶TN呈线性负相关,EC∶P与MBC∶MBP、SOC∶TP呈线性负相关。在散装土中,EC∶P与SOC∶TP和MBC∶MBP呈正相关。综上所述,根际土壤和块状土壤中土壤、微生物和胞外酶的化学计量特征对N添加有不同的响应。本研究结果可为了解氮沉降下根际对森林土壤养分循环的影响提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
[Research progresses on the effects of rice cultivation on amelioration of saline-alkali soil]. [水稻种植对盐碱地改良作用的研究进展]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.017
Hai-Jiang Tang, Fu-Cheng Guo, Jiu-Ju Yang, Dong-Hao Xiao, Ting-Lu Liao, Cheng-Ke Luo

Saline-alkali soils pose severe challenges to agricultural production and the sustainable utilization of land resources. Efficient amelioration and utilization of saline-alkali land is of great significance for expanding agricultural production and safeguarding national food security. Rice cultivation is an important approach to ameliorate saline-alkali soils, offering dual benefits in ecological improvement and economic development. We reviewed research on improving saline-alkali land through rice cultivation over the past two decades. Long-term (≥5 years) rice cultivation exerts positive effects on saline-alkali soils. Specifically, soil pH and electrical conductivity decreased by 5.9%-23.0% and 22.1%-89.7%, respectively. Soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents increased significantly by 60.0%-66.7%, 90.2%-131.0%, 68.9%-89.2%, and 6.7%-179.2%, respectively. In addition, the richness (Ace index) of soil bacterial and fungal communities increased by 10.5%-23.4% and 23.8%-52.8%, and the Shannon index increased by 60.9%-98.7% and 18.3%-107.0%, respectively. Improvements in the physicochemical and biological properties of saline-alkali soils enhanced rice yield and yield components, with thousand-grain weight, grains per panicle, and overall grain yield be increased by 10.1%-17.2%, 9.3%-46.6%, and 48.2%-91.1%, respectively. Future research should focus on innovations in salt-alkali tolerant rice germplasm resources and variety breeding, rhizosphere microbial remediation strategies for salt-alkali tolerant rice, carbon sequestration potential assessment systems for saline-alkali paddy fields, and diversified development approaches. These efforts would provide a reference for deeply exploring the comprehensive utilization potential of saline-alkali land and advancing the sustainable use and efficient remediation.

盐碱地对农业生产和土地资源的可持续利用提出了严峻的挑战。盐碱地的高效改良利用对扩大农业生产、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。水稻种植是盐碱地改良的重要途径,具有生态改善和经济发展的双重效益。本文综述了近20年来水稻改良盐碱地的研究进展。长期(≥5年)种植水稻对盐碱地有积极影响。土壤pH值和电导率分别降低5.9% ~ 23.0%和22.1% ~ 89.7%。土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别显著增加60.0% ~ 66.7%、90.2% ~ 131.0%、68.9% ~ 89.2%和6.7% ~ 179.2%。土壤细菌和真菌群落丰富度(Ace指数)分别提高了10.5% ~ 23.4%和23.8% ~ 52.8%,Shannon指数分别提高了60.9% ~ 98.7%和18.3% ~ 107.0%。盐碱地理化生物学性状的改善提高了水稻产量和产量构成,千粒重、每穗粒数和总产量分别提高10.1% ~ 17.2%、9.3% ~ 46.6%和48.2% ~ 91.1%。今后的研究重点应放在耐盐碱水稻种质资源和品种选育创新、耐盐碱水稻根际微生物修复策略、盐碱田固碳潜力评价体系以及多样化的开发途径等方面。为深入挖掘盐碱地综合利用潜力,推进盐碱地的可持续利用和高效修复提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
[Multi-scenario simulation of synergistic dynamics in ecosystem services within Shennongjia National Park]. [神农架国家公园生态系统服务协同动态的多情景模拟]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.021
Bin-Bin Zheng, Jie Zeng, Xin-Yu Cui, Jiang-Feng Li, Meng Yang, Tian Yang

Understanding the trade-offs, synergies, and dynamics among ecosystem services (ESs) under both current and future conditions is crucial foundation for promoting holistic ecosystem conservation and scientific management of national park. Using the PLUS and InVEST models, we assessed land use and ES changes of Shennongjia National Park in 2030 and 2050 under three scenarios: Natural development, ecological conservation, and tourism development. We used Spearman correlation analysis and K-means clustering to identify trade-offs and synergies among ESs, delineate the functional structure of ES bundles, and examine their dynamics. The results showed that different ESs exhibited distinct evolutionary trends from 2020 to 2050. Recreational services remained relatively stable overall. Water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality showed declining trends, with the most significant reductions under the tourism development scenario by 359769.00 mm, 28388.70 t, and 0.11, respectively. Carbon storage increased significantly only under the ecological conservation scenario, with a gain of 102096.71 t. Relationships among ESs under different scenarios were predominantly synergistic and showed notable changes. Under the natural development and tourism development scenarios, trade-offs weakened while synergies strengthened. The relationship between carbon storage and water yield shifted from trade-off to synergy. Under the ecological conservation scenario, trade-offs and synergies remained largely unchanged. Based on K-means clustering of ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies, four distinct types of ES bundles were identified: strict protection, science education and recreation, community livelihood, and ecological restoration. The spatial patterns of ES bundles showed minimal variation and remained relatively stable across different scenarios. Based on the distribution patterns and internal characteristics of different ES bundles, we proposed corresponding ecological management strategies to provide a scientific basis for the holistic conservation of national park ecosystems.

了解当前和未来条件下生态系统服务之间的权衡、协同和动态关系,是促进国家公园生态系统整体保护和科学管理的重要基础。利用PLUS和InVEST模型,对神农架国家公园在自然开发、生态保护和旅游开发3种情景下2030年和2050年的土地利用和ES变化进行了评估。我们使用Spearman相关分析和K-means聚类来识别ES之间的权衡和协同作用,描绘ES束的功能结构,并研究它们的动态。结果表明,2020 ~ 2050年,不同的ESs呈现出明显的演化趋势。康乐服务业总体保持相对稳定。水量、土壤保持性和生境质量均呈下降趋势,其中旅游开发情景下下降幅度最大,分别为359769.00 mm、28388.70 t和0.11 mm。碳储量仅在生态保护情景下显著增加,增幅为102096.71 t。不同情景下碳储量之间的关系以协同效应为主,且变化显著。在自然开发和旅游开发情景下,权衡效应减弱,协同效应增强。碳储量与水量之间的关系由权衡关系转向协同关系。在生态保护情景下,权衡和协同效应基本保持不变。基于生态系统服务权衡与协同效应的K-means聚类,确定了严格保护、科教游憩、社区生计和生态修复4种不同类型的生态系统服务束。不同情景下ES束的空间格局变化最小,保持相对稳定。根据不同ES束的分布格局和内部特征,提出相应的生态管理策略,为国家公园生态系统的整体保护提供科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
[Research progress on the feasibility of carbonization treatment for addressing plastic residual pollution]. [炭化处理处理塑料残留污染可行性研究进展]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.034
Jing-Jie Zha, Xue-Chun Ma, Jia-Jia Zhang, Meng Zhao, Wen-Tian He, Guo-Yuan Zou, Wei-Juan Liu, Yan-Hua Chen

Microplastics are formed during the degradation of plastic products under the action of environmental factors such as light, high temperature and mechanical friction, which are widely used in agricultural production. These microplastics would threaten human health through the accumulation of the food chain, which has become a global pollution problem. Traditional plastic waste disposal methods (landfilling, incineration, mechanical recycling) have obvious limitations in both environmental benefits and economic feasibility. In contrast, emerging plastic carbonization technology holds potential for achieving harmless transformation of pollutants and resource utilization. Through techniques like co-thermal decomposition, hydrothermal carbonization, and catalytic carbonization, plastics can be synergistically converted into high-value carbon materials (biochar, hydrothermal carbon, and carbon nanomaterials), effectively reducing plastic pollution. These materials also exhibit promising applications in microplastic adsorption, soil remediation, and integrated pollutant treatment of pollutants. However, challenges including unclear reaction mechanisms, inconsistent product properties, high energy consumption, scalability difficulties, and a lack of policy support, hinder industrial application and the development of value-added products. We reviewed the mechanisms, application scenarios, and limitations of three plastic carbonization technologies, including co-thermal decomposition, hydrothermal carbonization, and catalytic carbonization. Future efforts should integrate life cycle assessment and multi-technology strategies to further validate their environmental and economic sustainability, facilitating the transition from theory to practice.

微塑料是塑料制品在光、高温、机械摩擦等环境因素作用下降解形成的,广泛应用于农业生产。这些微塑料会通过食物链的积累威胁人类健康,这已经成为一个全球性的污染问题。传统的塑料垃圾处理方法(填埋、焚烧、机械回收)在环境效益和经济可行性上都有明显的局限性。相比之下,新兴的塑料碳化技术具有实现污染物无害化转化和资源化利用的潜力。通过共热分解、水热炭化、催化炭化等技术,将塑料协同转化为高价值的碳材料(生物炭、水热碳、碳纳米材料),有效减少塑料污染。这些材料在微塑料吸附、土壤修复和污染物综合治理等方面也有很好的应用前景。然而,反应机理不清、产品性能不一致、能耗高、扩容困难、缺乏政策支持等挑战阻碍了产业化应用和增值产品的发展。综述了共热分解、水热炭化和催化炭化三种塑料炭化技术的机理、应用前景和局限性。未来的努力应结合生命周期评估和多技术战略,进一步验证其环境和经济可持续性,促进从理论到实践的过渡。
{"title":"[Research progress on the feasibility of carbonization treatment for addressing plastic residual pollution].","authors":"Jing-Jie Zha, Xue-Chun Ma, Jia-Jia Zhang, Meng Zhao, Wen-Tian He, Guo-Yuan Zou, Wei-Juan Liu, Yan-Hua Chen","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.034","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are formed during the degradation of plastic products under the action of environmental factors such as light, high temperature and mechanical friction, which are widely used in agricultural production. These microplastics would threaten human health through the accumulation of the food chain, which has become a global pollution problem. Traditional plastic waste disposal methods (landfilling, incineration, mechanical recycling) have obvious limitations in both environmental benefits and economic feasibility. In contrast, emerging plastic carbonization technology holds potential for achieving harmless transformation of pollutants and resource utilization. Through techniques like co-thermal decomposition, hydrothermal carbonization, and catalytic carbonization, plastics can be synergistically converted into high-value carbon materials (biochar, hydrothermal carbon, and carbon nanomaterials), effectively reducing plastic pollution. These materials also exhibit promising applications in microplastic adsorption, soil remediation, and integrated pollutant treatment of pollutants. However, challenges including unclear reaction mechanisms, inconsistent product properties, high energy consumption, scalability difficulties, and a lack of policy support, hinder industrial application and the development of value-added products. We reviewed the mechanisms, application scenarios, and limitations of three plastic carbonization technologies, including co-thermal decomposition, hydrothermal carbonization, and catalytic carbonization. Future efforts should integrate life cycle assessment and multi-technology strategies to further validate their environmental and economic sustainability, facilitating the transition from theory to practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 2","pages":"622-634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147349341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Identification and evaluation of cold source risk organisms in close areas of a coastal nuclear power plant]. [沿海核电站封闭区域冷源危险生物的识别和评价]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.031
Xin-Yue Hu, Meng Cui, Yuan Jin, Gui-Ze Liu, Chang-Chun Song, Yun-Lei Zhang

Species invasion in marine has increased the frequency of security incidents at coastal nuclear power plants, posing serious threats to the cooling water intake. To systematically identify the risk organisms in nuclear power cooling water sources and clarify their distribution pattern, we established a risk identification and assessment framework for marine organisms in cooling water intake areas. Based on field investigation conducted in the summer of 2024 in the adjacent waters of a nuclear power plant in northern China, we categorized marine organisms into five types: phytoplankton, zooplankton, swimming animals, benthic animals, and selected intertidal organisms. Trophic level, habitat layer, body size, body length, and density were used as evaluation criteria. These indices were combined with type-specific traits (e.g., migratory behavior and reproduction mode) to develop a scoring system, with each indicator being assigned a maximum score of 10 points. Scores were determined based on the potential risk of each biological trait to clogging the water intake, and a spatial weight based on the distance from sampling points to the intake was incorporated to calculate the total risk score for each species. We classified risk levels into low, medium, and high according to thresholds set at 30% and 80% of the total possible score. Results showed that a total of 40 phytoplankton, 28 zooplankton, 27 swimming animals, 62 benthic animals, and 43 intertidal species were recorded. Through multi-indicator integration and spatial weighting analysis-balancing field data authenticity and theoretical traits of species, Loligo sp., Charybdis japonica, and Konosirus punctatus were identified as high-risk species. Moreover, there was a higher density of high-risk organisms in the northern area near the water intake. By integrating functional traits and measured data into a comprehensive evaluation framework, this study could provide a scientific basis for risk organism identification, early warning, and the development of prevention and control strategies for cooling water systems near nuclear power plants.

海洋物种入侵增加了沿海核电站安全事故的发生频率,对核电站的冷却水进水口构成了严重威胁。为系统识别核电冷却水水源中的风险生物,明确其分布格局,建立了冷却水进水区海洋生物风险识别与评价框架。根据2024年夏季对中国北方某核电站附近海域的野外调查,将海洋生物分为浮游植物、浮游动物、游泳动物、底栖动物和部分潮间带生物5类。以营养水平、生境层数、体长、密度为评价标准。这些指标与类型特异性特征(如迁移行为和繁殖模式)相结合,形成一个评分系统,每个指标的最高得分为10分。根据各生物性状堵塞取水口的潜在风险确定得分,并结合采样点到取水口距离的空间权重计算各物种的总风险得分。我们将风险等级分为低、中、高三个等级,根据阈值分别为30%和80%。结果表明,共记录到浮游植物40种,浮游动物28种,游泳动物27种,底栖动物62种,潮间带物种43种。通过多指标综合和空间加权分析,平衡野外数据真实性和物种理论特征,确定了Loligo sp.、Charybdis japonica和Konosirus punctatus为高风险物种。北部近取水口地区高危生物密度较高。通过将功能特征和实测数据整合到综合评价框架中,可为核电厂附近冷却水系统风险生物识别、预警和制定防控策略提供科学依据。
{"title":"[Identification and evaluation of cold source risk organisms in close areas of a coastal nuclear power plant].","authors":"Xin-Yue Hu, Meng Cui, Yuan Jin, Gui-Ze Liu, Chang-Chun Song, Yun-Lei Zhang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.031","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species invasion in marine has increased the frequency of security incidents at coastal nuclear power plants, posing serious threats to the cooling water intake. To systematically identify the risk organisms in nuclear power cooling water sources and clarify their distribution pattern, we established a risk identification and assessment framework for marine organisms in cooling water intake areas. Based on field investigation conducted in the summer of 2024 in the adjacent waters of a nuclear power plant in northern China, we categorized marine organisms into five types: phytoplankton, zooplankton, swimming animals, benthic animals, and selected intertidal organisms. Trophic level, habitat layer, body size, body length, and density were used as evaluation criteria. These indices were combined with type-specific traits (e.g., migratory behavior and reproduction mode) to develop a scoring system, with each indicator being assigned a maximum score of 10 points. Scores were determined based on the potential risk of each biological trait to clogging the water intake, and a spatial weight based on the distance from sampling points to the intake was incorporated to calculate the total risk score for each species. We classified risk levels into low, medium, and high according to thresholds set at 30% and 80% of the total possible score. Results showed that a total of 40 phytoplankton, 28 zooplankton, 27 swimming animals, 62 benthic animals, and 43 intertidal species were recorded. Through multi-indicator integration and spatial weighting analysis-balancing field data authenticity and theoretical traits of species, <i>Loligo</i> sp., <i>Charybdis japonica</i>, and <i>Konosirus</i> <i>punctatus</i> were identified as high-risk species. Moreover, there was a higher density of high-risk organisms in the northern area near the water intake. By integrating functional traits and measured data into a comprehensive evaluation framework, this study could provide a scientific basis for risk organism identification, early warning, and the development of prevention and control strategies for cooling water systems near nuclear power plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 2","pages":"551-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147349104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Habitat network construction in Elephas maximus activity areas]. [象群活动区生境网络建设]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.032
Zi-Hao Xie, Wen Wei, Wei-Xiong Luo

Under the ongoing strategic advancement of biodiversity conservation, the delineation of the proposed Asian Elephant National Park progressively entered the phase of spatial identification. Identifying the habitat network of regional flagship and umbrella species served as a critical prerequisite and scientific basis for defining spatial extent of the park. This study focused on the key distribution areas of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Xishuangbanna, Pu'er, and Lincang. We integrated the InVEST model with morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) to identify habitat sources, selected six ecological resistance factors and determined their weights using the entropy weight method to construct a resistance surface. We applied the Linkage Mapper tool to extract habitat corridors, ecological barrier points and pinch points, thereby building the habitat network for Asian elephant acti-vity areas. The results showed that a total of 158 habitat sources were identified, covering approximately 23000 km2, with primary and secondary sources together accounting for 18000 km2(20.5% of the study area). There was a spatial pattern of "high density in the central region, sparse distribution at both ends, and north-south connecti-vity", forming a continuous and ecologically valuable core habitat source areas along the Xishuangbanna-Pu'er boundary. We extracted 439 habitat corridors with a combined length of 4616.58 km, which displayed a pattern of "denser in the south, sparser in the north, connecting patches, and forming corridor belts", and effectively supported regional-scale elephant movement. The ecological barrier points in Asian elephant migration paths are predominantly distributed in areas of dense road disturbance and fragmented habitats in Lincang City and central-eastern Pu'er. The ecological pinch points are mainly concentrated in Menghai County and the Menglun area of Xishuangbanna Prefecture, as well as in central-southern Pu'er. Clarifying the differentiated management needs corresponding to various source areas within the core zones of Asian elephants and prioritizing the protection of highly sensitive regions such as ecological barriers and ecological pinch points could enhance the overall connectivity and stability of the regional habitat network, thereby expanding its umbrella effect on biodiversity conservation.

在生物多样性保护的战略推进下,拟建亚洲象国家公园的划定逐步进入空间识别阶段。区域旗舰和伞形物种栖息地网络的确定是界定公园空间范围的重要前提和科学依据。本研究以西双版纳、普洱和临沧亚洲象的重点分布区为研究对象。将InVEST模型与形态空间格局分析(MSPA)相结合,识别生境来源,选取6个生态抗性因子,利用熵权法确定其权重,构建抗性面。利用Linkage Mapper工具提取栖息地廊道、生态屏障点和捏点,构建亚洲象活动区栖息地网络。结果表明:共鉴定出生境源158个,覆盖面积约23000 km2,其中一次生境源和二次生境源共占18000 km2,占研究面积的20.5%;西双版纳—普洱边界呈现“中部高密度、两端稀疏分布、南北连通”的空间格局,形成了一个连续的、具有生态价值的核心生境源区。提取439个栖息地廊道,总长度4616.58 km,呈现“南密北疏、斑块相连、廊道带”的格局,有效支持了区域尺度的大象活动。亚洲象迁徙路径生态屏障点主要分布在临沧市和普洱中东部道路干扰密集、生境破碎的地区。生态支点主要集中在西双版纳勐海县和勐仑地区,以及普洱中南部。明确亚洲象核心区内不同源区对应的差异化管理需求,优先保护生态屏障、生态拐点等高度敏感区域,可增强区域栖息地网络的整体连通性和稳定性,扩大其生物多样性保护的保护伞效应。
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引用次数: 0
[Response of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves of different life-form plants to altitude in secondary Betula platyphylla forests in mountainous area of northern Hebei, China]. [冀北山区白桦次生林不同生活型植物叶片非结构性碳水化合物对海拔的响应]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.008
Xu-Min Wang, Jin-Hua Liu, Cheng-Hao Li, Riu Wang, Shuai-Ming Zhao, Xue-Hua Xu

We measured the contents of starch, soluble sugars, and non-starch carbohydrates (NSC) in leaves of 60 common plant species (trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants) from Betula platyphylla secondary forests across an altitude gradient (950, 1150, 1350, 1550, and 1750 m) in the northern Hebei mountainous region and analyzed their relationships with environmental factors. The results showed that both trees and shrubs exhibited significantly higher soluble sugar and NSC contents than herbaceous plants, while the starch-to-soluble sugar ratio (SC/SSC) was significantly lower in woody species, indicating a tendency to maintain higher carbon storage levels. With increasing altitude, NSC contents in trees first decreased and then increased, shifting from carbon limitation to growth limitation as a response to environmental stress, demonstrating a flexible trade-off strategy between 'growth' and 'energy storage'. In contrast, NSC in shrubs and herbaceous plants increased significantly with altitude, dominated by growth limitation, reflecting a conservative strategy focused on carbon accumulation under low-temperature stress. The mixed-effects model revealed that altitude was the key driver of NSC variation, with interspecific differences being the primary source of leaf NSC variation. Redundancy analysis indicated that the first two principal components explained 87.6%, 79.9%, and 93.1% of the cumulative variance for trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, respectively. The main influencing factors were soil moisture and total nitrogen for trees; soil pH, available phosphorus, and mean temperature of the growing season for shrubs; and, mean temperature of the growing season, soil moisture, and pH for herbaceous plants. This study revealed the differential regulation of hydrothermal conditions and nutrient supply on carbon balance of different plant life forms, and clarified that life form is a key dimension to explain the diversity of plant adaptation strategies to altitude gradient.

在海拔950、1150、1350、1550和1750 m的不同海拔梯度上,测定了冀北白桦次生林60种常见植物(乔木、灌木和草本植物)叶片中淀粉、可溶性糖和非淀粉碳水化合物(NSC)的含量,并分析了它们与环境因子的关系。结果表明,乔木和灌木的可溶性糖和NSC含量均显著高于草本植物,而木本植物的淀粉/可溶性糖比(SC/SSC)显著低于草本植物,表明木本植物有保持较高碳储量的趋势。随着海拔的升高,树木的NSC含量先降低后增加,从碳限制转向生长限制,作为对环境压力的响应,表现出“生长”和“能量储存”之间的灵活权衡策略。而灌木和草本植物的NSC则随海拔高度显著增加,以生长限制为主,反映了低温胁迫下以碳积累为主的保守策略。混合效应模型表明,海拔是NSC变异的主要驱动因素,种间差异是叶片NSC变异的主要来源。冗余分析表明,前两个主成分分别解释了乔木、灌木和草本植物累积方差的87.6%、79.9%和93.1%。影响树木生长的主要因子是土壤水分和全氮;灌木生长季节土壤pH值、有效磷和平均温度;草本植物生长季节的平均温度、土壤湿度和pH值。本研究揭示了热液条件和养分供给对不同植物生命形态碳平衡的差异调节,阐明了生命形态是解释植物对海拔梯度适应策略多样性的关键维度。
{"title":"[Response of non-structural carbohydrates in leaves of different life-form plants to altitude in secondary <i>Betula platyphylla</i> forests in mountainous area of northern Hebei, China].","authors":"Xu-Min Wang, Jin-Hua Liu, Cheng-Hao Li, Riu Wang, Shuai-Ming Zhao, Xue-Hua Xu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.008","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We measured the contents of starch, soluble sugars, and non-starch carbohydrates (NSC) in leaves of 60 common plant species (trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants) from <i>Betula platyphylla</i> secondary forests across an altitude gradient (950, 1150, 1350, 1550, and 1750 m) in the northern Hebei mountainous region and analyzed their relationships with environmental factors. The results showed that both trees and shrubs exhibited significantly higher soluble sugar and NSC contents than herbaceous plants, while the starch-to-soluble sugar ratio (SC/SSC) was significantly lower in woody species, indicating a tendency to maintain higher carbon storage levels. With increasing altitude, NSC contents in trees first decreased and then increased, shifting from carbon limitation to growth limitation as a response to environmental stress, demonstrating a flexible trade-off strategy between 'growth' and 'energy storage'. In contrast, NSC in shrubs and herbaceous plants increased significantly with altitude, dominated by growth limitation, reflecting a conservative strategy focused on carbon accumulation under low-temperature stress. The mixed-effects model revealed that altitude was the key driver of NSC variation, with interspecific differences being the primary source of leaf NSC variation. Redundancy analysis indicated that the first two principal components explained 87.6%, 79.9%, and 93.1% of the cumulative variance for trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants, respectively. The main influencing factors were soil moisture and total nitrogen for trees; soil pH, available phosphorus, and mean temperature of the growing season for shrubs; and, mean temperature of the growing season, soil moisture, and pH for herbaceous plants. This study revealed the differential regulation of hydrothermal conditions and nutrient supply on carbon balance of different plant life forms, and clarified that life form is a key dimension to explain the diversity of plant adaptation strategies to altitude gradient.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 2","pages":"371-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147349329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Ecological restoration path of territorial space in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China]. [中国粤港澳大湾区国土空间生态修复路径]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.023
Jin-Li Zhu, Qing Zhao, Hao Luo, Chi Zhang

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of China's largest urban agglomera-tions in terms of economic aggregate. However, accelerated urbanization have led to a series of ecological problems, including ecosystem fragmentation and imbalances in ecosystem functions. The precise identification and optimization of key ecological restoration areas are critical pathways for conducting territorial spatial ecological restoration, holding significant value for safeguarding the ecological security of the GBA. We integrated the MSPA-InVEST model with circuit theory to assess habitat quality of GBA and construct an ecological network, with which we identified key regions for ecological restoration. Based on the findings, we proposed optimization strategies for territorial spatial ecological restoration in the GBA. The results showed that the average habitat quality value across the GBA was 0.69 in 2023, indicating an overall favorable level of habitat quality. Extremely high-quality habitat areas covered 26431.8 km2, while extremely low-quality habitat areas spanned 8662.9 km2. By integrating ecological network construction and habitat quality assessment, we identified 41 ecological source optimization zones (total area: 742.8 km2), 151 ecological pinch point improvement zones (total area: 12.4 km2), and 499 ecological barrier restoration zones (total area: 158.5 km2). We proposed targeted measures for territorial spatial ecological restoration in the GBA, including structural optimization of ecological source, functional enhancement of ecological pinch point, and systematic restoration of ecological barrier areas at the regional-plot level. Our results would provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for territorial spatial ecological restoration in the GBA.

粤港澳大湾区(GBA)是中国经济总量最大的城市群之一。然而,城市化的加速导致了一系列生态问题,包括生态系统破碎化和生态系统功能失衡。重点生态修复区域的精准识别与优化是开展国土空间生态修复的重要途径,对保障大湾区生态安全具有重要价值。将MSPA-InVEST模型与电路理论相结合,对大湾区生境质量进行评价,构建生态网络,并对重点区域进行生态修复。在此基础上,提出了大湾区国土空间生态恢复的优化策略。结果表明,2023年大湾区生境质量均值为0.69,总体处于良好水平。极优质生境面积为26431.8 km2,极劣质生境面积为8662.9 km2。通过生态网络建设与生境质量评价相结合,确定了41个生态源优化区(总面积742.8 km2)、151个生态点改善区(总面积12.4 km2)和499个生态屏障修复区(总面积158.5 km2)。提出了大湾区国土空间生态修复的针对性措施,包括生态源头结构优化、生态捏点功能增强、区域-地块层面生态屏障区系统修复等。研究结果可为大湾区国土空间生态恢复提供科学依据和实践指导。
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引用次数: 0
[Research progress on marine ecological disasters and disaster prevention and mitigation]. [海洋生态灾害与防灾减灾研究进展]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.033
Xin-Long An, Qiu-Zhen Wang, Ji-Guang Gu, Xue-Mei Li, Chen Wang

Ecological disasters pose severe threats to marine ecosystems and the marine economy, and therefore disaster prevention and mitigation efforts are critically important. We reviewed the occurrence, impacts, and related research progress in disaster prevention and mitigation of marine ecological disasters, including harmful algal blooms, jellyfish blooms, starfish blooms, marine biofouling, and marine biological invasions. Marine ecological disasters exhibit diverse types, where the occurrence of one type may trigger others and even lead to the emergence of new disaster-causing organisms. In the face of complex marine ecological environmental changes, monitoring, early warning, and prevention technologies for marine ecological disasters must evolve with the times. The fundamental principles of "prevention first, combining prevention and control, rational utilization, and effective management" are essential for effectively preventing and mitigating marine ecological disasters. To minimize disaster losses, future efforts should focus on strengthening researches into the interrelated mechanisms of marine ecological disasters, monitoring and early warning systems, effective prevention and control technologies, and the resource utilization of disaster-causing organisms.

生态灾害对海洋生态系统和海洋经济构成严重威胁,防灾减灾工作至关重要。综述了有害藻华、水母华、海星华、海洋生物污染和海洋生物入侵等海洋生态灾害的发生、影响及相关研究进展。海洋生态灾害类型多样,一种类型的发生可能引发其他类型的灾害,甚至导致新的致灾生物的出现。面对复杂的海洋生态环境变化,海洋生态灾害监测预警和预防技术必须与时俱进。“预防为主、防治结合、合理利用、有效管理”是有效预防和减轻海洋生态灾害的基本原则。为尽量减少灾害损失,今后应着重加强对海洋生态灾害相互关系机制、监测预警系统、有效防控技术、致灾生物资源利用等方面的研究。
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引用次数: 0
[Molecular characteristics of soil organic carbon and temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in the permafrost forest region of the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China]. [大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤有机碳分子特征与土壤呼吸温度敏感性]。
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202601.020
Hai-Ming Sun, Chang-Fu Huo, Li-Ming Yin, Yang-Hui He, Peng Wang

As the second largest permafrost carbon reservoir in China, the stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the permafrost region of the Greater Khingan Moutains plays an important role in regulating climate change. To reveal the molecular characteristics of SOC and their influence on mineralization process, we collected surface soil samples (0-10 cm) from both the discontinuous and sporadic permafrost zones. Soil organic carbon molecular composition and diversity were characterized using Fourier transform attenuated infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SOC mineralization dynamics at 10 ℃ and 20 ℃ were examined with a 9-week laboratory incubation experiment. We further explored the coupling relationship between temperature sensitivity (Q10) and molecular characteristics. The results showed that: SOC functional group composition and molecular diversity showed significant spatial heterogeneity, primarily governed by permafrost type. The discontinuous permafrost zone exhibited significantly higher abundances of aromatic (C=C, COO-) and alkyl (C-H) groups but a lower abundance of alcohol and phenol (O-H) groups compared to the sporadic permafrost zone. Molecular diversity was significantly higher in the discontinuous zone and was correlated with soil pH and water holding capacity (WHC). Warming significantly enhanced SOC mineralization, with cumulative mineralization at 20 ℃ being 2.1-2.3 times greater than that at 10 ℃. The Q10 values ranged from 1.1 to 1.9, and showed significant positive correlations with labile components, such as aliphatic (C-H) and amide (N-H) groups. Those results indicated that the rapid response of these active carbon pools was key to driving temperature sensitivity. Through elucidating the regional coupling between SOC molecular characteristics and temperature sensitivity in the permafrost of the Greater Khingan Mountains, our results offer a molecular-scale theoretical basis for accurately assessing the permafrost carbon-climate feedback potential.

作为中国第二大冻土碳库,大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤有机碳(SOC)的稳定性对气候变化具有重要的调节作用。为了揭示有机碳的分子特征及其对矿化过程的影响,我们采集了断续和散散多年冻土带0 ~ 10 cm表层土壤样品。利用傅里叶变换衰减红外光谱(FTIR)对土壤有机碳分子组成和多样性进行了表征。通过9周的室内培养实验,考察了10℃和20℃下有机碳矿化动态。我们进一步探讨了温度敏感性(Q10)与分子特性之间的耦合关系。结果表明:土壤有机碳官能团组成和分子多样性具有明显的空间异质性,主要受冻土类型的影响。断续冻土带芳香(C=C, COO-)和烷基(C- h)基团的丰度显著高于散发性冻土带,而醇和酚(O-H)基团的丰度明显低于散发性冻土带。不连续带分子多样性显著高于非连续带,并与土壤pH值和持水能力相关。升温显著增强了有机碳矿化,20℃累积矿化是10℃的2.1 ~ 2.3倍。Q10值在1.1 ~ 1.9之间,与脂肪族(C-H)、酰胺族(N-H)等不稳定组分呈显著正相关。这些结果表明,这些活性碳库的快速响应是驱动温度敏感性的关键。通过阐明大兴安岭多年冻土有机碳分子特征与温度敏感性之间的区域耦合关系,为准确评估多年冻土碳-气候反馈潜力提供了分子尺度的理论基础。
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引用次数: 0
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