Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.617-624
Fenny Agnes
Crazy Rich Asians is one of the movies that is adapted from literature. In this thesis I am analyzing this movie because of the depiction of a rich person, Eleanor Young, who has an underlying inferiority. However, she shows that she has a superiority over others to cover inferiority. Therefore, in this thesis I am interested in analyzing the superiority complex that was portrayed by Eleanor in the movie and the impact for other characters. In the analysis I use Alfred Adler’s theory of superiority complex. The findings show that Eleanor's superiority complex is shown through her action and behavior, her speech, and her characteristic traits. Her superiority complex affects other characters, who are Nick and Rachel. As a result, Eleanor does not have a good relationship with Nick and Rachel and she portrays her superiority complex.
{"title":"The Superiority Complex of Eleanor in Crazy Rich Asians","authors":"Fenny Agnes","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.617-624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.617-624","url":null,"abstract":"Crazy Rich Asians is one of the movies that is adapted from literature. In this thesis I am analyzing this movie because of the depiction of a rich person, Eleanor Young, who has an underlying inferiority. However, she shows that she has a superiority over others to cover inferiority. Therefore, in this thesis I am interested in analyzing the superiority complex that was portrayed by Eleanor in the movie and the impact for other characters. In the analysis I use Alfred Adler’s theory of superiority complex. The findings show that Eleanor's superiority complex is shown through her action and behavior, her speech, and her characteristic traits. Her superiority complex affects other characters, who are Nick and Rachel. As a result, Eleanor does not have a good relationship with Nick and Rachel and she portrays her superiority complex.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132000729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.444-449
Cindy Fransisca Santoso
Many advertisements employ gender stereotypes to attract people nowadays. If advertisers continue to employ and display a specific gender in their advertisements, it might lead to gender bias. Through verbal and visual expressions in McDonald's: Still My Little Girl advertisement, this study seeks to discover a depiction of a single father, and he can replace the mother's role in the family. The writer uses semiotic theory and a qualitative approach to analyze the data. The findings indicate that a father who is portrayed as the main character can replace the role of a mother in performing household tasks and dealing with his daughter's sensitive situations.
如今，许多广告利用性别刻板印象来吸引人们。如果广告商继续在广告中使用和展示特定的性别，可能会导致性别偏见。本研究试图通过McDonald's: Still My Little Girl广告中的语言和视觉表达，发现一个单亲父亲的形象，他可以代替母亲在家庭中的角色。作者运用符号学理论和定性方法对数据进行分析。研究结果表明，被描绘成主角的父亲可以取代母亲在家务和处理女儿敏感情况方面的角色。
{"title":"REPRESENTATION OF SINGLE FATHER IMAGE IN MCDONALD’S: STILL MY LITTLE GIRL ADVERTISEMENT","authors":"Cindy Fransisca Santoso","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.444-449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.444-449","url":null,"abstract":"Many advertisements employ gender stereotypes to attract people nowadays. If advertisers continue to employ and display a specific gender in their advertisements, it might lead to gender bias. Through verbal and visual expressions in McDonald's: Still My Little Girl advertisement, this study seeks to discover a depiction of a single father, and he can replace the mother's role in the family. The writer uses semiotic theory and a qualitative approach to analyze the data. The findings indicate that a father who is portrayed as the main character can replace the role of a mother in performing household tasks and dealing with his daughter's sensitive situations.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123359663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.564-570
A. Susanto
Speech acts are crucial in establishing and achieving a conversation's goal. The purpose of this research is to examine speech acts in the Moxie movie. This study examines types of illocutionary acts and perlocutionary acts produced by the main characters of the Moxie movie, Vivian and Claudia. The writer used two different theories to conduct this research: the theory of speech act by Austin (1962, as cited in Cutting, 2002) and the classification of illocutionary act by Searle (1975, as cited in Cutting, 2002) and Leech (1983, as cited in Peccei, 1999). This study was done using a qualitative approach. The data that the writer used to analyze were Vivian and Claudia’s conversations in the Moxie movie. The results of the data analysis revealed that there were four types of illocutionary acts produced by Vivian: Representative, Expressive, Directive, and Rogative. Meanwhile, Claudia produced five types of illocutionary acts: Representative, Expressive, Directive, Commissive, and Rogative. Also, there were two effects of the perlocutionary acts, whether it is in accordance or not in accordance with the illocutionary act. In conclusion, this study has examined how the main characters of Moxie movie deliver their messages through speech acts.
{"title":"The Illocutionary and Perlocutionary Acts Produced by The Main Characters of Moxie Movie","authors":"A. Susanto","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.564-570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.564-570","url":null,"abstract":"Speech acts are crucial in establishing and achieving a conversation's goal. The purpose of this research is to examine speech acts in the Moxie movie. This study examines types of illocutionary acts and perlocutionary acts produced by the main characters of the Moxie movie, Vivian and Claudia. The writer used two different theories to conduct this research: the theory of speech act by Austin (1962, as cited in Cutting, 2002) and the classification of illocutionary act by Searle (1975, as cited in Cutting, 2002) and Leech (1983, as cited in Peccei, 1999). This study was done using a qualitative approach. The data that the writer used to analyze were Vivian and Claudia’s conversations in the Moxie movie. The results of the data analysis revealed that there were four types of illocutionary acts produced by Vivian: Representative, Expressive, Directive, and Rogative. Meanwhile, Claudia produced five types of illocutionary acts: Representative, Expressive, Directive, Commissive, and Rogative. Also, there were two effects of the perlocutionary acts, whether it is in accordance or not in accordance with the illocutionary act. In conclusion, this study has examined how the main characters of Moxie movie deliver their messages through speech acts.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126372068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.517-524
Natashi Gracia Ireneke
This thesis aims to know how the lead female character in Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (2019) fulfills the characteristics of a femme-castratrice and also to see the result that the lead character gets after she transforms into a female monster. To address the questions, I will use the monstrous-feminine theory as the main theory to be applied to Maryam as a victim of gender-based violence. From this theory, I want to show that the transformation of a femme-castratrice may occur by symbolic and literal castration. The symbolic castration means that the victim is castrated emotionally, whereas the literal castration means that the victim is physically abused. I connected the analysis with the abjection theory to show the result and resolution once the main female character is fully transformed into a femme-castratrice, which is a total banishment from the disturbed society, in a form of annihilation. In the end, it can be concluded that a femme-castratrice in Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (2019) is considered an ambiguous character.
{"title":"Femme-Castratrice in Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (2019)","authors":"Natashi Gracia Ireneke","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.517-524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.517-524","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis aims to know how the lead female character in Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (2019) fulfills the characteristics of a femme-castratrice and also to see the result that the lead character gets after she transforms into a female monster. To address the questions, I will use the monstrous-feminine theory as the main theory to be applied to Maryam as a victim of gender-based violence. From this theory, I want to show that the transformation of a femme-castratrice may occur by symbolic and literal castration. The symbolic castration means that the victim is castrated emotionally, whereas the literal castration means that the victim is physically abused. I connected the analysis with the abjection theory to show the result and resolution once the main female character is fully transformed into a femme-castratrice, which is a total banishment from the disturbed society, in a form of annihilation. In the end, it can be concluded that a femme-castratrice in Si Manis Jembatan Ancol (2019) is considered an ambiguous character.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131733840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.495-504
Cindy Melani Pratikno
This study focuses on the features of interactional styles used by Ray Kroc, the male main character, when in a business conversation with others in The Founder biographical movie. The writer used Holmes’ (2006) theory of features of interactional styles and Holmes' (2006), Kuntjara's (2012), and Paltridge's (2006) theory of gender to support her in conducting this research. The writer transcribed and analyzed Ray Kroc's utterances during business conversations with others for this study, which took a qualitative approach. Facilitative, supportive feedback, conciliatory, indirect, collaborative, person/process-oriented, and affectively oriented are all features of feminine interactional styles used by Ray Kroc. He also demonstrated all masculine interactional styles features, including competitive, aggressive interruptions, confrontational, direct, autonomous, task/outcome-oriented, and referentially oriented. The findings of this study support Holmes' (2006) observation that men and women can use both feminine and masculine interactional styles depending on the situation in the workplace. Ray Kroc, a competitive and masculine man, used feminine and masculine interactional styles to keep his relationships with his partners strong and achieve his business conversation goals at the same time. Moreover, further research for the film The Founder or other movie that focuses on other characters, situations, and theories is recommended.
{"title":"Ray Kroc’s Interactional Styles Features in Business Conversation in The Founder","authors":"Cindy Melani Pratikno","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.495-504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.495-504","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the features of interactional styles used by Ray Kroc, the male main character, when in a business conversation with others in The Founder biographical movie. The writer used Holmes’ (2006) theory of features of interactional styles and Holmes' (2006), Kuntjara's (2012), and Paltridge's (2006) theory of gender to support her in conducting this research. The writer transcribed and analyzed Ray Kroc's utterances during business conversations with others for this study, which took a qualitative approach. Facilitative, supportive feedback, conciliatory, indirect, collaborative, person/process-oriented, and affectively oriented are all features of feminine interactional styles used by Ray Kroc. He also demonstrated all masculine interactional styles features, including competitive, aggressive interruptions, confrontational, direct, autonomous, task/outcome-oriented, and referentially oriented. The findings of this study support Holmes' (2006) observation that men and women can use both feminine and masculine interactional styles depending on the situation in the workplace. Ray Kroc, a competitive and masculine man, used feminine and masculine interactional styles to keep his relationships with his partners strong and achieve his business conversation goals at the same time. Moreover, further research for the film The Founder or other movie that focuses on other characters, situations, and theories is recommended.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121329834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.488-494
S. Devina, Jenny Mochtar
The use of social masks can help a person to meet certain societal standards. In True Beauty, the main character, Lim Ju Gyeog uses cosmetics and fashion as her social masks to fulfill Korean beauty and fashion standards. By achieving the standards, Ju Gyeong is being socially accepted and admired. Ju Gyeong’s social masks take the roles as her self-protection against her fear and to boost her self-esteem to value her worth.Ju Gyeong is considered to be beautiful and fashionable because she is able to meet the societal standards of beauty and fashion. The meaning of beauty and fashionable are fluids that can be different from one place to the other. The use of social masks brings impact to a wearer’s life.
{"title":"Lim Ju Gyeong’s Social Masks in True Beauty","authors":"S. Devina, Jenny Mochtar","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.488-494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.488-494","url":null,"abstract":"The use of social masks can help a person to meet certain societal standards. In True Beauty, the main character, Lim Ju Gyeog uses cosmetics and fashion as her social masks to fulfill Korean beauty and fashion standards. By achieving the standards, Ju Gyeong is being socially accepted and admired. Ju Gyeong’s social masks take the roles as her self-protection against her fear and to boost her self-esteem to value her worth.Ju Gyeong is considered to be beautiful and fashionable because she is able to meet the societal standards of beauty and fashion. The meaning of beauty and fashionable are fluids that can be different from one place to the other. The use of social masks brings impact to a wearer’s life.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"45 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125698336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.416-426
Nikita Christy Ignesius
This thesis discusses stigma that harm autistic children that can harm the mental health of autistic children. Using children picture book as the medium and realistic fiction as the genre, this creative work shows how autistic children’s mental health is harmed by stigma and how autistic children cope with the stigma. The stories incorporated stigma theory which explains how the stigma affects the main characters’ self-confidence self-concept. Coping mechanisms of camouflaging, disclosing, and reframing are used for the main characters to cope against the stigma toward them. Other than coping mechanism, autistic children can get support from other people who are also against the stigma of autistic people.
{"title":"The Genius Painter and Other Stories : A Children Picture Book About Stigma of Autistic Children","authors":"Nikita Christy Ignesius","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.416-426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.416-426","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis discusses stigma that harm autistic children that can harm the mental health of autistic children. Using children picture book as the medium and realistic fiction as the genre, this creative work shows how autistic children’s mental health is harmed by stigma and how autistic children cope with the stigma. The stories incorporated stigma theory which explains how the stigma affects the main characters’ self-confidence self-concept. Coping mechanisms of camouflaging, disclosing, and reframing are used for the main characters to cope against the stigma toward them. Other than coping mechanism, autistic children can get support from other people who are also against the stigma of autistic people.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124833605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.505-510
Jennifer Angelica
Anime originate from Japan and has been deeply rooted as a culture since the 1990s (JW-Magazine, 2021). Ascendance of a Bookworm is one of an isekai anime, a fantasy sub-genre which is booming right now. In this anime series, Myne had grown in a poor family who had no right to speak and had no education. Despite the condition however, Myne is confident and forthright, as most young women in her previous world tended to be more open and vocal in expressing their emotions. To analyze this anime, I will use girl power from two different sources; Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards, and Emilie Zaslow. My analysis will show that Myne has girl power characteristics in her and how her girl power affects other people around her. This thesis will end with a conclusion that the characteristics can be found everywhere and the effects it has, whether positive or negative.
{"title":"Girl Power in Ascendance of a Bookworm","authors":"Jennifer Angelica","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.505-510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.505-510","url":null,"abstract":"Anime originate from Japan and has been deeply rooted as a culture since the 1990s (JW-Magazine, 2021). Ascendance of a Bookworm is one of an isekai anime, a fantasy sub-genre which is booming right now. In this anime series, Myne had grown in a poor family who had no right to speak and had no education. Despite the condition however, Myne is confident and forthright, as most young women in her previous world tended to be more open and vocal in expressing their emotions. To analyze this anime, I will use girl power from two different sources; Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richards, and Emilie Zaslow. My analysis will show that Myne has girl power characteristics in her and how her girl power affects other people around her. This thesis will end with a conclusion that the characteristics can be found everywhere and the effects it has, whether positive or negative.","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131573351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.455-462
Lidia Dini Tjoa Hermawan
This journal reveals Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) symptoms that may appear during childhood as well as ways children could cope with it in children picture books using realistic fiction as genre and first person point of view. All characters in five stories experience SAD’s symptoms such as irrational worries that something bad will happen to them or to their attachment figures, excessive distress, difficulty sleeping alone, school refusal and even physical complaints such as nausea, headaches and stomachaches caused by unfortunate life events such as loss of loved ones, parental separation or divorce and economic hardships. This journal shows possible ways children may be able to face challenges and overcome their symptoms proactively by using self-directed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) such as identifying thought patterns, breaking through negative thoughts, facing fear and putting it all together.
{"title":"Glow Sticks and Other Stories: Children’s Picture Book Revealing Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) and Ways to Cope With It","authors":"Lidia Dini Tjoa Hermawan","doi":"10.9744/katakita.10.3.455-462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.10.3.455-462","url":null,"abstract":"This journal reveals Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) symptoms that may appear during childhood as well as ways children could cope with it in children picture books using realistic fiction as genre and first person point of view. All characters in five stories experience SAD’s symptoms such as irrational worries that something bad will happen to them or to their attachment figures, excessive distress, difficulty sleeping alone, school refusal and even physical complaints such as nausea, headaches and stomachaches caused by unfortunate life events such as loss of loved ones, parental separation or divorce and economic hardships. This journal shows possible ways children may be able to face challenges and overcome their symptoms proactively by using self-directed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) such as identifying thought patterns, breaking through negative thoughts, facing fear and putting it all together. ","PeriodicalId":359834,"journal":{"name":"K@ta Kita","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131816521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9744/katakita.10.3.463-471
Cerelia Permatasari, Jenny Mochtar
Unconventional characters have always piqued people’s interests, and that includes characters in anime. Mother is a role that is so familiar in the society, with certain characteristics expected of them. Certain mothers in anime acts differently than what is usually expected of them as mothers. This study is conducted to analyse the portrayal of the three antagonists in Japanese anime series One Piece, The Promised Neverland, and Diabolik Lovers respectively: Charlotte Linlin, Isabella, and Sakamaki Cordelia that can be considered unmotherly. The study is done using theories regarding good and bad mothers provided by A. E. Kaplan (1992), Huppartz and Goodwin (n.d.), and H. L. Hadley (2018). The analysis shows how the three mothers deviated from their role as a nurturing mother, showing actions that proved the three mothers to be destructive towards their children. The writer concludes that the three mothers show how mothers are people capable of emotions other than gentleness and care, they are capable of malice and hate, calculating and cruel as well be it biological mothers or foster mothers.
非传统的角色总是能激起人们的兴趣，包括动画中的角色。母亲是一个在社会中非常熟悉的角色，具有一定的特征。动画中的某些母亲的行为与通常期望的母亲不同。本研究分析了日本动漫系列《海贼王》、《梦幻岛》和《恶魔情人》中三个反派人物的形象:夏洛特琳琳、伊莎贝拉和坂木科迪莉亚，她们可以被认为是不像母亲的。该研究使用了A. E. Kaplan(1992)、Huppartz和Goodwin (n.d.)以及H. L. Hadley(2018)提供的关于好母亲和坏母亲的理论。分析显示了这三位母亲如何偏离了她们作为养育母亲的角色，显示了三位母亲对孩子的破坏性行为。作者的结论是，这三位母亲展现了母亲是除了温柔和关怀之外，还具有情感的人，无论是亲生母亲还是养母，都有恶意和仇恨、算计和残忍的一面。
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