Introduction: The negative experience of childbirth has many consequences for the mother and the baby. This study analyzed the relationship of childbirth experience with mother-infant bonding and the child's growth and development. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the participants were 216 eligible women selected from all health centers in Zanjan City, Iran (36 health centers), using the census method. Data collection tools were as follows: childbirth experience questionnaire 2.0, postpartum bonding questionnaire, anthropometric indices checklist, and developmental age and stages questionnaire. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationship of variables in univariate analysis, and a general linear model was used in the multivariate analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of the participants was 29.0 ± 5.7 years. Less than half of the studied women (40.3%) had a diploma, and most wanted pregnancy (94.9%). The mean ± SD scores of the childbirth experience and postpartum bondings were 2.6 ± 0.5 (score range: 1-4) and 6.6 ± 2.7 (score range: 0-125), respectively. Regarding child development, the highest mean score was in the domain of problem-solving (56.8 ± 5.7), and the lowest was in the domain of communication (50.1 ± 8.3). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the childbirth experience had a significant inverse correlation with the mother-infant bonding (r = -0.23, P = 0.001) and a significant direct correlation with fine motions (r = 0.18, P = 0.007). The results of the general linear model after adjusting the socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics showed that the postpartum bonding score was lower in women with a more positive childbirth experience, which was also an indication of a better bonding (B= -2.92, 95% CI; -4.85 to -0.98, P = 0.003). Besides, the fine motor score was higher in women with a positive childbirth experience (B= 3.11, 95% CI: 0.733-5.487, P = 0.011). Conclusion: Considering the correlation between the variables of childbirth experience and mother-infant bonding and child development in the domain of fine motor, health providers must do their best to create positive childbirth experiences for the women to improve the mother-infant bonding and child development domains.
{"title":"The Relationship of Childbirth Experience with Mother-Infant Bonding and Child's Growth and Development","authors":"Maryam Azarkish, J. Malakouti, M. Mirghafourvand","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2312","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The negative experience of childbirth has many consequences for the mother and the baby. This study analyzed the relationship of childbirth experience with mother-infant bonding and the child's growth and development. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the participants were 216 eligible women selected from all health centers in Zanjan City, Iran (36 health centers), using the census method. Data collection tools were as follows: childbirth experience questionnaire 2.0, postpartum bonding questionnaire, anthropometric indices checklist, and developmental age and stages questionnaire. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the relationship of variables in univariate analysis, and a general linear model was used in the multivariate analysis. Results: The mean ± SD of the participants was 29.0 ± 5.7 years. Less than half of the studied women (40.3%) had a diploma, and most wanted pregnancy (94.9%). The mean ± SD scores of the childbirth experience and postpartum bondings were 2.6 ± 0.5 (score range: 1-4) and 6.6 ± 2.7 (score range: 0-125), respectively. Regarding child development, the highest mean score was in the domain of problem-solving (56.8 ± 5.7), and the lowest was in the domain of communication (50.1 ± 8.3). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that the childbirth experience had a significant inverse correlation with the mother-infant bonding (r = -0.23, P = 0.001) and a significant direct correlation with fine motions (r = 0.18, P = 0.007). The results of the general linear model after adjusting the socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics showed that the postpartum bonding score was lower in women with a more positive childbirth experience, which was also an indication of a better bonding (B= -2.92, 95% CI; -4.85 to -0.98, P = 0.003). Besides, the fine motor score was higher in women with a positive childbirth experience (B= 3.11, 95% CI: 0.733-5.487, P = 0.011). Conclusion: Considering the correlation between the variables of childbirth experience and mother-infant bonding and child development in the domain of fine motor, health providers must do their best to create positive childbirth experiences for the women to improve the mother-infant bonding and child development domains.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42184740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The challenges and difficulties of working in intensive care units put pressure on healthcare professionals, especially nurses. To support nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs), developing supportive climates in organizations may drive nurses towards increasing work engagement levels and other related factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between organizational support and the work engagement of nurses working in ICUs. Materials and Methods: This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 nurses working in two governmental hospitals in Amman City, Jordan, from January to August 2021. The participants were selected with a simple random sampling method, and study data were collected using a 3-part questionnaire: demographics, the survey of perceived organizational support scale with 8 items, and the Utrecht work engagement scale with 9 items. Descriptive statistics, the independent t test, the Spearman correlation test, and hierarchal multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine the contribution of perceived organizational support on nurses' work engagement. The significance level for all tests was set to be less than 0.05. Results: About 53.6% of participants were male, 55% worked in medical-surgical intensive care units, and 45% were in cardiac care units. The results showed that the mean ± SD scores of perceived organizational support and work engagement were 29.53 ± 6.71 and 3.71 ± 0.88, respectively. Also, results showed no significant differences in perceived organizational support and work engagement based on nurses' socio-demographics or work-related factors. Finally, there was a significant positive weak correlation between perceived organizational support and work engagement (r= 0.23, P=0.002). The linear regression model showed that perceived organizational support could predict work engagement (R2 = 0.039). Conclusions: Perceived organizational support among nurses working in ICUs is one of the important factors in increasing work engagement. Findings have several implications for nurses in different settings. Jordanian health policymakers must take action to improve nurses' perception of organizational support and consequently increase nurses' work engagement.
{"title":"The Role of Organizational Support in Work Engagement Among Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units","authors":"Marwa Badwan, N. Eshah, Rayan Ahmad","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2323","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The challenges and difficulties of working in intensive care units put pressure on healthcare professionals, especially nurses. To support nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs), developing supportive climates in organizations may drive nurses towards increasing work engagement levels and other related factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between organizational support and the work engagement of nurses working in ICUs. Materials and Methods: This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 nurses working in two governmental hospitals in Amman City, Jordan, from January to August 2021. The participants were selected with a simple random sampling method, and study data were collected using a 3-part questionnaire: demographics, the survey of perceived organizational support scale with 8 items, and the Utrecht work engagement scale with 9 items. Descriptive statistics, the independent t test, the Spearman correlation test, and hierarchal multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine the contribution of perceived organizational support on nurses' work engagement. The significance level for all tests was set to be less than 0.05. Results: About 53.6% of participants were male, 55% worked in medical-surgical intensive care units, and 45% were in cardiac care units. The results showed that the mean ± SD scores of perceived organizational support and work engagement were 29.53 ± 6.71 and 3.71 ± 0.88, respectively. Also, results showed no significant differences in perceived organizational support and work engagement based on nurses' socio-demographics or work-related factors. Finally, there was a significant positive weak correlation between perceived organizational support and work engagement (r= 0.23, P=0.002). The linear regression model showed that perceived organizational support could predict work engagement (R2 = 0.039). Conclusions: Perceived organizational support among nurses working in ICUs is one of the important factors in increasing work engagement. Findings have several implications for nurses in different settings. Jordanian health policymakers must take action to improve nurses' perception of organizational support and consequently increase nurses' work engagement.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44030273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Heidari, V. Shafipour, Samae Shamshiri, S. Mousavinasab, Y. Jannati
Introduction: Due to stressful work conditions, nurses are constantly exposed to various emotions and stressors such as anger and moral distress that threaten their mental health. On the other hand, self-esteem is one of the personality traits essential for people's mental health and improving their performance. Objective: The present study investigates the relationship between anger, moral distress, and self-esteem in nurses. Materials and Methods: This analytical correlational study was conducted on nurses working in the hospitals affiliated with the non-profit organization of Mazandaran Social Security Insurance from August to November 2018. Two hundred nurses were selected for this study via stratified random sampling. The study data were collected using the Cooper-Smith self-esteem inventory, Hamric moral distress scale, and state-trait anger expression inventory. The collected data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and path analysis was used for testing the conceptual model. Results: The mean±SD age of the nurses was 36.24±5.37 years. The mean ±SD anger, self-esteem, and moral distress scores were 113.68 ± 15.04, 26.61 ± 3.49, and 65.66 ± 35.88, respectively. The results of the path analysis model suggested an inverse causal relationship between self-esteem and moral distress (P<0.05). This model also indicated a significant inverse relationship between self-esteem and anger (P=0.01). Conclusion: As the results show, the nurses' self-esteem can mitigate the adverse effects of moral distress and anger. These results show the significant psychological interventions in controlling anger and promoting self-esteem and reducing moral distress among nurses.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Anger, Moral Distress, and Self-esteem in Nurses","authors":"T. Heidari, V. Shafipour, Samae Shamshiri, S. Mousavinasab, Y. Jannati","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2216","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Due to stressful work conditions, nurses are constantly exposed to various emotions and stressors such as anger and moral distress that threaten their mental health. On the other hand, self-esteem is one of the personality traits essential for people's mental health and improving their performance. Objective: The present study investigates the relationship between anger, moral distress, and self-esteem in nurses. Materials and Methods: This analytical correlational study was conducted on nurses working in the hospitals affiliated with the non-profit organization of Mazandaran Social Security Insurance from August to November 2018. Two hundred nurses were selected for this study via stratified random sampling. The study data were collected using the Cooper-Smith self-esteem inventory, Hamric moral distress scale, and state-trait anger expression inventory. The collected data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and path analysis was used for testing the conceptual model. Results: The mean±SD age of the nurses was 36.24±5.37 years. The mean ±SD anger, self-esteem, and moral distress scores were 113.68 ± 15.04, 26.61 ± 3.49, and 65.66 ± 35.88, respectively. The results of the path analysis model suggested an inverse causal relationship between self-esteem and moral distress (P<0.05). This model also indicated a significant inverse relationship between self-esteem and anger (P=0.01). Conclusion: As the results show, the nurses' self-esteem can mitigate the adverse effects of moral distress and anger. These results show the significant psychological interventions in controlling anger and promoting self-esteem and reducing moral distress among nurses.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69707517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Research has shown that many pregnant women in Iran do not exercise during pregnancy. However, exercise, especially endurance exercise during pregnancy, is associated with good maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective: The study aimed to examine the effect of squat exercises on fatigue and the life quality of pregnant women admitted to health centers in Hamadan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 on 100 pregnant women in two groups of 50 each. The pregnant women were randomly using blocks of four divided into two groups according to the inclusion criteria. The samples filled out the fatigue questionnaire multidimensional symptoms fatigue inventory-short form (MSFI-SF) and SF-36 life quality questionnaire at the beginning of the study. Eight group sports sessions were held for women in the intervention group, and routine care was administered to the control group. The obtained data were analyzed using the independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean ± SD age of participants was 28.24 ± 5.39 years in the intervention group and 27.78 ± 5.58 years in the control group. The mean scores of fatigue and life quality in all dimensions in the post-intervention stage (after adjusting for before-the-intervention scores, income, and housing status) were significantly different between the study groups. The mean fatigue score in the intervention group was lower, and the quality of life was better (P=0.001) than in the control group. The effect size of different domains of quality of life varied from 1.51 (energy fatigue) to 3.50 (physical function). The effect size of fatigue was 2.81 (95%CI: 3.36- 2.25, P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results, squat exercises are recommended to reduce fatigue and increase the life quality of pregnant women in health centers.
{"title":"Effect of Squat Exercises on Fatigue and Quality of Life of Pregnant Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study","authors":"M. Malmir, S. Masoumi, F. Kazemi, M. Refaei","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.4.2262","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Research has shown that many pregnant women in Iran do not exercise during pregnancy. However, exercise, especially endurance exercise during pregnancy, is associated with good maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective: The study aimed to examine the effect of squat exercises on fatigue and the life quality of pregnant women admitted to health centers in Hamadan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 on 100 pregnant women in two groups of 50 each. The pregnant women were randomly using blocks of four divided into two groups according to the inclusion criteria. The samples filled out the fatigue questionnaire multidimensional symptoms fatigue inventory-short form (MSFI-SF) and SF-36 life quality questionnaire at the beginning of the study. Eight group sports sessions were held for women in the intervention group, and routine care was administered to the control group. The obtained data were analyzed using the independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean ± SD age of participants was 28.24 ± 5.39 years in the intervention group and 27.78 ± 5.58 years in the control group. The mean scores of fatigue and life quality in all dimensions in the post-intervention stage (after adjusting for before-the-intervention scores, income, and housing status) were significantly different between the study groups. The mean fatigue score in the intervention group was lower, and the quality of life was better (P=0.001) than in the control group. The effect size of different domains of quality of life varied from 1.51 (energy fatigue) to 3.50 (physical function). The effect size of fatigue was 2.81 (95%CI: 3.36- 2.25, P=0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results, squat exercises are recommended to reduce fatigue and increase the life quality of pregnant women in health centers.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42690245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The pain relief effect of Paracetamol, as a safe analgesic drug in labor, compared to Pethidine, as a well-known analgesic drug, need to be more evaluated. Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of Paracetamol and Pethidine on the first-stage labor pain relief and neonatal and maternal complications. Materials and Methods: This single-blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial conducted on 100 nulliparous pregnant women referred to a maternity hospital in Rafsanjan Iran in 2018 who were selected using a convenience sampling method and by assigned into two groups Paracetamol (n=49, receiving 100 mg intravenous Paracetamol) and Pethidine (n= 51, receiving 50 mg intravenous Pethidine) using the minimization method. The drugs were administered when there was at least a 4-cm cervical dilation. Maternal complications and infant’s 1 and 5-min the Apgar scores and ability to breastfeed were evaluated. Pain intensity measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and compared using two-way repeated measures ANOVA before and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after drug administration. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in term of age, body mass index, and gestational age, and no significant difference in pain intensity in any groups among the time points. Maternal complications were significantly lower in the Paracetamol group than in the Pethidine group; however, the difference was statistically significant only in terms of nausea (P=0.04). Infants’ breastfeeding ability was significantly better in Paracetamol group than in the Pethidine group (P=0.04). The results of two-way ANOVA showed that the mean VAS score was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Paracetamol can alleviate the first-stage labor pain similar to Pethidine, but with fewer maternal and neonatal complications.
{"title":"Comparing the Effects of Paracetamol and Pethidine on First-stage Labor Pain Relief and Their Maternal and Neonatal Complications","authors":"Masoumeh Khammar, Z. Ghorashi, A. Manshoori","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2204","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The pain relief effect of Paracetamol, as a safe analgesic drug in labor, compared to Pethidine, as a well-known analgesic drug, need to be more evaluated. Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of Paracetamol and Pethidine on the first-stage labor pain relief and neonatal and maternal complications. Materials and Methods: This single-blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial conducted on 100 nulliparous pregnant women referred to a maternity hospital in Rafsanjan Iran in 2018 who were selected using a convenience sampling method and by assigned into two groups Paracetamol (n=49, receiving 100 mg intravenous Paracetamol) and Pethidine (n= 51, receiving 50 mg intravenous Pethidine) using the minimization method. The drugs were administered when there was at least a 4-cm cervical dilation. Maternal complications and infant’s 1 and 5-min the Apgar scores and ability to breastfeed were evaluated. Pain intensity measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and compared using two-way repeated measures ANOVA before and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after drug administration. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in term of age, body mass index, and gestational age, and no significant difference in pain intensity in any groups among the time points. Maternal complications were significantly lower in the Paracetamol group than in the Pethidine group; however, the difference was statistically significant only in terms of nausea (P=0.04). Infants’ breastfeeding ability was significantly better in Paracetamol group than in the Pethidine group (P=0.04). The results of two-way ANOVA showed that the mean VAS score was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Paracetamol can alleviate the first-stage labor pain similar to Pethidine, but with fewer maternal and neonatal complications.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46586353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Esmaeilinejad Hasaroeih, N. Shahrahmani, A. Ahmadi, M. Mirzaee, K. Alidousti, M. Hashemian
Introduction: As a biopsychosocial phenomenon, substance abuse is a major public health problem with negative economic, social, and cultural consequences. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of Motivational-Enhancement Therapy (MET) on substance abuse patterns in postpartum women with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 eligible postpartum women with SUD (30 in the intervention group and 30 control), who were selected using a random sampling method from the postpartum unit of a hospital in Kerman, Iran in 2019. The participants in the intervention group attended four individual MET sessions and received four telephone follow-ups. All participants completed a researcher-made substance use pattern checklist before and after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using McNemar’s test, paired t-test, independent t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of women was 29.25±5.89 years, and most of them were housewives with elementary education. A significant reduction was observed in the number of opium (P=0.008) and methadone (P=0.003) users after the intervention. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the amount of opium and methadone use (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in the method and frequency of substance use before and after the intervention. Conclusion: MET is effective in the type and amount of opium and methadone used in postpartum women with SUD. Therefore, it can be used along with other treatments for the treatment of SUD in women after delivery.
{"title":"Effect of Motivational Enhancement Therapy on Patterns of Substance Abuse in Postpartum Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Fatemeh Esmaeilinejad Hasaroeih, N. Shahrahmani, A. Ahmadi, M. Mirzaee, K. Alidousti, M. Hashemian","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2235","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: As a biopsychosocial phenomenon, substance abuse is a major public health problem with negative economic, social, and cultural consequences. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of Motivational-Enhancement Therapy (MET) on substance abuse patterns in postpartum women with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 eligible postpartum women with SUD (30 in the intervention group and 30 control), who were selected using a random sampling method from the postpartum unit of a hospital in Kerman, Iran in 2019. The participants in the intervention group attended four individual MET sessions and received four telephone follow-ups. All participants completed a researcher-made substance use pattern checklist before and after the intervention. Data analysis was carried out using McNemar’s test, paired t-test, independent t-test, Fisher’s exact test, and chi-square test. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of women was 29.25±5.89 years, and most of them were housewives with elementary education. A significant reduction was observed in the number of opium (P=0.008) and methadone (P=0.003) users after the intervention. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the amount of opium and methadone use (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in the method and frequency of substance use before and after the intervention. Conclusion: MET is effective in the type and amount of opium and methadone used in postpartum women with SUD. Therefore, it can be used along with other treatments for the treatment of SUD in women after delivery.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48150556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Abdollahi, M. Kousha, Arvin Bozorgchenani, M. Bahmani, E. Rafiei, Fatemeh Eslamdoust-Siahestalkhi
Introduction: Self-harm has increased among adolescents in recent years, turning it to one of the major public and mental health concerns. Objective: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of self-harm and deliberate self-cutting in high school students in northern Iran, and its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, participants were 617 high school students in Rasht, Iran in 2018 who were selected through multistage cluster random sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic form, the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data analysis was done by independent t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test, and linear and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of students was 16.11±1.35 years, and the majority of them were male (64.2%). The prevalence of self-harm behaviors was 54.9% (n=339), 20.3% in females and 79.7% in males. Deliberate self-cutting was found in 11% of students. The score of SHI was significantly higher in boys than in girls, while the prevalence of deliberate self-cutting was more in girls (P=0.001). Self-harm behaviors increased with increasing depression, anxiety, and stress (P=0.001). Gender (B=0.704, 95%CI; 0.149-1.258, P=0.013), grade (B=-1.011, 95%CI;-1.517- -0.504, P=0.001), family size (B=0.620, 95%CI; 0.344-0.895, P=0.001), age (B=0.624, 95%CI; 0.286-0.962, P=0.001), and the grade point average in the past year (B=-0.945, 95%CI; -1.197- -0.693, P= 0.001) had significant relationship with self-harm behaviors (R2= 0.145). Moreover, gender (OR=4.874, 95%CI; 2.297-10.344, P=0.001), grade point average in the past year (OR=0.727, 95%CI; 0.567-0.932, P=0.012), substance abuse (OR=7.972, 95%CI; 3.424-18.564, P=0.001), depression (OR=1.163, 95%CI; 1.065-1.271, P=0.001), stress (OR=1.105, 95%CI; 1.006-1.213, P=0.036), and father’s educational level (OR=7.897, 95%CI; 1.138-54.807, P=0.001) had significant relationship with deliberate self-cutting. Conclusion: Self-harm behaviors in adolescents are associated with anxiety, depression, and stress.
{"title":"Prevalence of Self-Harm Behaviors and Deliberate Self-Cutting in High School Students in Northern Iran and Its Relationship with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress","authors":"E. Abdollahi, M. Kousha, Arvin Bozorgchenani, M. Bahmani, E. Rafiei, Fatemeh Eslamdoust-Siahestalkhi","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2193","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Self-harm has increased among adolescents in recent years, turning it to one of the major public and mental health concerns. Objective: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of self-harm and deliberate self-cutting in high school students in northern Iran, and its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, participants were 617 high school students in Rasht, Iran in 2018 who were selected through multistage cluster random sampling. Data collection tools were a demographic form, the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI), and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data analysis was done by independent t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, one-way analysis of variance, chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test, and linear and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of students was 16.11±1.35 years, and the majority of them were male (64.2%). The prevalence of self-harm behaviors was 54.9% (n=339), 20.3% in females and 79.7% in males. Deliberate self-cutting was found in 11% of students. The score of SHI was significantly higher in boys than in girls, while the prevalence of deliberate self-cutting was more in girls (P=0.001). Self-harm behaviors increased with increasing depression, anxiety, and stress (P=0.001). Gender (B=0.704, 95%CI; 0.149-1.258, P=0.013), grade (B=-1.011, 95%CI;-1.517- -0.504, P=0.001), family size (B=0.620, 95%CI; 0.344-0.895, P=0.001), age (B=0.624, 95%CI; 0.286-0.962, P=0.001), and the grade point average in the past year (B=-0.945, 95%CI; -1.197- -0.693, P= 0.001) had significant relationship with self-harm behaviors (R2= 0.145). Moreover, gender (OR=4.874, 95%CI; 2.297-10.344, P=0.001), grade point average in the past year (OR=0.727, 95%CI; 0.567-0.932, P=0.012), substance abuse (OR=7.972, 95%CI; 3.424-18.564, P=0.001), depression (OR=1.163, 95%CI; 1.065-1.271, P=0.001), stress (OR=1.105, 95%CI; 1.006-1.213, P=0.036), and father’s educational level (OR=7.897, 95%CI; 1.138-54.807, P=0.001) had significant relationship with deliberate self-cutting. Conclusion: Self-harm behaviors in adolescents are associated with anxiety, depression, and stress.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fatemi, R. Soleimani, Mohammad Ali Yazdanipour, Mohammad Hassan Novin, E. Abdollahi
Introduction: Substance use disorder is one of the most critical social problems in Iran. For this disorder, weneed a proper assessment tool based on our indigenous culture. Objective: This study assesses the factor structure and psychometric properties of 10-item and 20-item Persian versions of Drug Abuse Screening Tests (DAST-10 and DAST-20). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we randomly selected 200 participants referred to addiction treatment centers in Rasht City, Iran. After translation to Persian and back-translation to English, the face and content validity of DAST-10 and DAST-20 Persian versions were evaluated using the opinions of a panel of expertsand calculatingthe content validity ratio and content validity index. Then, the construct validity was evaluated by Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA), the Cronbach α coefficient was used for assessing internal consistency, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used for assessing test-retest reliability. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 39.02±11.67 years. The majority (50%) were in the age range of 30-50 years. Based on the CFA fit indices, the two instruments had a good fit to the data, confirming the theoretical model Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) (RMSEA for DAST-20=0.080; RMSEA for DAST-10=0.055). The Cronbach α values of DAST-20 and DAST-10 were 0.772 and 0.749, respectively, indicating their good and acceptable internal consistency. Their test-retest reliability was reported at 0.997 and 0.995 based on the results of ICC, respectively. There was a strong and significant positive correlation between the scores of Persian DAST-20 and DAST-10 (r=0.851, P=0.001). Conclusion: The DAST-20 and DAST-10 Persian versions which after correcting the model using confirmatory factor analysis, they were studies in DAST-8 and DAST-16 have good validity and reliability and can be used for screening the possible involvement of drugs in Iranian samples.
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of 20-Item and 10-Item Persian Versions of Drug Abuse Screening Test","authors":"S. Fatemi, R. Soleimani, Mohammad Ali Yazdanipour, Mohammad Hassan Novin, E. Abdollahi","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2366","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Substance use disorder is one of the most critical social problems in Iran. For this disorder, weneed a proper assessment tool based on our indigenous culture. Objective: This study assesses the factor structure and psychometric properties of 10-item and 20-item Persian versions of Drug Abuse Screening Tests (DAST-10 and DAST-20). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we randomly selected 200 participants referred to addiction treatment centers in Rasht City, Iran. After translation to Persian and back-translation to English, the face and content validity of DAST-10 and DAST-20 Persian versions were evaluated using the opinions of a panel of expertsand calculatingthe content validity ratio and content validity index. Then, the construct validity was evaluated by Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA), the Cronbach α coefficient was used for assessing internal consistency, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used for assessing test-retest reliability. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants was 39.02±11.67 years. The majority (50%) were in the age range of 30-50 years. Based on the CFA fit indices, the two instruments had a good fit to the data, confirming the theoretical model Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) (RMSEA for DAST-20=0.080; RMSEA for DAST-10=0.055). The Cronbach α values of DAST-20 and DAST-10 were 0.772 and 0.749, respectively, indicating their good and acceptable internal consistency. Their test-retest reliability was reported at 0.997 and 0.995 based on the results of ICC, respectively. There was a strong and significant positive correlation between the scores of Persian DAST-20 and DAST-10 (r=0.851, P=0.001). Conclusion: The DAST-20 and DAST-10 Persian versions which after correcting the model using confirmatory factor analysis, they were studies in DAST-8 and DAST-16 have good validity and reliability and can be used for screening the possible involvement of drugs in Iranian samples.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47411476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sorur Javanmardifard, F. Shirazi, S. Jamalnia, E. Sadeghi
Introduction: Caregivers play a critical role in health management of patients with chronic diseases. Caregiving is associated with experiencing different emotional and psychological problems. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between caregiver burden and cognitive function in adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 215 family caregivers of adult patients with T2D were selected by a systematic random sampling method. A socio-demographic form, the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman’s rho correlation test. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine the power of Cognitive Impairment (CI) in predicting the caregiver burden. P<0.05 was considered as the statistically significance level. Results: The mean age of caregivers and patients were 48±9 and 52±2 years, respectively. The mean score of CBI was 24.57±18.2, indicating a moderate level of caregiver burden. The mean score of MMSE was 25.25±3.6, indicating a mild CI in patients. Caregiver burden showed a significant correlation with cognitive function (r=-0.336, 95% CI; 0.53–0.89, P=0.001) such that the decreased CI was associated with an increase in total caregiver burden (r=-0.348, 95% CI; 0.43–0.87, P=0.001). The regression results showed that the CI levels were not predictors of caregiver burden severity. Conclusion: The CI of patients with T2D may affect their caregivers’ burden. Therefore, assessing the cognitive function of these patients can help healthcare providers conduct interventions to enhance the caregivers’ quality of life.
{"title":"Relationship Between Caregiver Burden and Cognitive Impairment in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Sorur Javanmardifard, F. Shirazi, S. Jamalnia, E. Sadeghi","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2207","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Caregivers play a critical role in health management of patients with chronic diseases. Caregiving is associated with experiencing different emotional and psychological problems. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between caregiver burden and cognitive function in adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 215 family caregivers of adult patients with T2D were selected by a systematic random sampling method. A socio-demographic form, the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman’s rho correlation test. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine the power of Cognitive Impairment (CI) in predicting the caregiver burden. P<0.05 was considered as the statistically significance level. Results: The mean age of caregivers and patients were 48±9 and 52±2 years, respectively. The mean score of CBI was 24.57±18.2, indicating a moderate level of caregiver burden. The mean score of MMSE was 25.25±3.6, indicating a mild CI in patients. Caregiver burden showed a significant correlation with cognitive function (r=-0.336, 95% CI; 0.53–0.89, P=0.001) such that the decreased CI was associated with an increase in total caregiver burden (r=-0.348, 95% CI; 0.43–0.87, P=0.001). The regression results showed that the CI levels were not predictors of caregiver burden severity. Conclusion: The CI of patients with T2D may affect their caregivers’ burden. Therefore, assessing the cognitive function of these patients can help healthcare providers conduct interventions to enhance the caregivers’ quality of life.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44292197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Many pregnant women experience discomforts during their pregnancy that are not severe, but may reduce their well-being. These minor discomforts such as vomiting, heartburn, and leg cramps can be troublesome and may affect the women’s quality of life. Objective: This research aims to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and minor discomforts in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Participants were 202 pregnant women in Birnin-Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Systematic sampling was used for their recruitment. A self-report questionnaire was used for surveying socio-demographic characteristics and assessing the pattern and severity of minor discomforts. Chi-square(X2) test and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used for analyzing the collected data at 95% Confidence Interval(CI). Results: The age range of most women (42.1%) was 20-24 years. Most of them had their 2-4th pregnancy(37.6%) and a tertiary education (62.4%). There was a significant relationship between the variables of age, number of pregnancies and occupation and the occurrence of minor discomforts in pregnancy (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the occupation and duration of minor discomforts (P<0.05), and between educational levels and mode of treatment for minor discomforts (P=0.05). The Odds Ratios(OR) in ordinal logistic regression models indicated that with one unit change in age, number of pregnancies and occupation, the duration of minor discomforts was 1.05(95% CI; 0.457-1.722, P=0.0001), 1.07(95% CI; 0.316-2.021, P=0.0001) and 1.07(95% CI; 0.662-2.063, P=0.0001) times more likely to change, respectively. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should consider the factors of age, number of pregnancies, and occupation when providing care to pregnant women. More research to address the minor discomforts in pregnancy is recommended using different methods.
{"title":"Relationship Between Socio-demographic Variables and Minor Discomforts in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Survey in Nigeria","authors":"Yahaya Jafaru","doi":"10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.3.2195","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many pregnant women experience discomforts during their pregnancy that are not severe, but may reduce their well-being. These minor discomforts such as vomiting, heartburn, and leg cramps can be troublesome and may affect the women’s quality of life. Objective: This research aims to determine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and minor discomforts in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study. Participants were 202 pregnant women in Birnin-Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Systematic sampling was used for their recruitment. A self-report questionnaire was used for surveying socio-demographic characteristics and assessing the pattern and severity of minor discomforts. Chi-square(X2) test and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used for analyzing the collected data at 95% Confidence Interval(CI). Results: The age range of most women (42.1%) was 20-24 years. Most of them had their 2-4th pregnancy(37.6%) and a tertiary education (62.4%). There was a significant relationship between the variables of age, number of pregnancies and occupation and the occurrence of minor discomforts in pregnancy (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the occupation and duration of minor discomforts (P<0.05), and between educational levels and mode of treatment for minor discomforts (P=0.05). The Odds Ratios(OR) in ordinal logistic regression models indicated that with one unit change in age, number of pregnancies and occupation, the duration of minor discomforts was 1.05(95% CI; 0.457-1.722, P=0.0001), 1.07(95% CI; 0.316-2.021, P=0.0001) and 1.07(95% CI; 0.662-2.063, P=0.0001) times more likely to change, respectively. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should consider the factors of age, number of pregnancies, and occupation when providing care to pregnant women. More research to address the minor discomforts in pregnancy is recommended using different methods.","PeriodicalId":36020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48153620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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