Pub Date : 2008-06-12DOI: 10.1080/19322880802096459
J. Sonis
ABSTRACT To determine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of recurrent intimate partner violence, I conducted a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from 321 women in the Chicago Women's Health Risk Study. PTSD at baseline showed a moderate unadjusted association with recurrent IPV in the 2-year follow-up period. However, when important confounding factors, such as severity of previous abuse and use of control tactics by the partner, were controlled in a logistic regression model, there was no association between PTSD and recurrent victimization.
{"title":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder does not Increase Recurrent Intimate Partner Violence","authors":"J. Sonis","doi":"10.1080/19322880802096459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19322880802096459","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To determine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases the risk of recurrent intimate partner violence, I conducted a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from 321 women in the Chicago Women's Health Risk Study. PTSD at baseline showed a moderate unadjusted association with recurrent IPV in the 2-year follow-up period. However, when important confounding factors, such as severity of previous abuse and use of control tactics by the partner, were controlled in a logistic regression model, there was no association between PTSD and recurrent victimization.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128655257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-12DOI: 10.1080/19322880802096624
Para Afshar, M. Kenny
{"title":"Violence in Schools, Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Perspectives","authors":"Para Afshar, M. Kenny","doi":"10.1080/19322880802096624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19322880802096624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"1 1‐2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-12DOI: 10.1080/19322880802096582
Charles R. Figley
{"title":"Mass Trauma and Violence: Helping Families and Children Cope","authors":"Charles R. Figley","doi":"10.1080/19322880802096582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19322880802096582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116558192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-12DOI: 10.1080/19322880802096475
N. Essar, Y. Palgi, R. Saar, M. Ben-Ezra
ABSTRACT The association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and dissociative symptoms was examined among the entire team of 26 rescue personnel, 96 hr after exposure to the Hilton Hotel bombing in Sinai, Egypt. The results showed that even after controlling for age and previous exposure, the correlations between both intrusive and avoidant symptoms with dissociation remained significant. This study is in line with earlier studies that have revealed a significant association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and dissociation. The study extends the time line of the relationship found. In addition, this field study extends the relationship between both intrusion and avoidance symptoms with dissociation beyond the medical setting.
{"title":"Association Between Posttraumatic Symptoms and Dissociative Symptoms in Rescue Personnel 96 Hours after the Hilton Hotel Bombing in Sinai, Egypt","authors":"N. Essar, Y. Palgi, R. Saar, M. Ben-Ezra","doi":"10.1080/19322880802096475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19322880802096475","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and dissociative symptoms was examined among the entire team of 26 rescue personnel, 96 hr after exposure to the Hilton Hotel bombing in Sinai, Egypt. The results showed that even after controlling for age and previous exposure, the correlations between both intrusive and avoidant symptoms with dissociation remained significant. This study is in line with earlier studies that have revealed a significant association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and dissociation. The study extends the time line of the relationship found. In addition, this field study extends the relationship between both intrusion and avoidance symptoms with dissociation beyond the medical setting.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126356944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-12DOI: 10.1080/19322880802096517
M. Kimble
ABSTRACT Concurrent with the many controversies that have surrounded the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there has been an increasing understanding of the neurobiology of trauma and PTSD. The result of this work has provided considerable evidence that trauma can change the brain and that individuals with PTSD are affected by a range of neurobiological alterations. These neurobiological findings are likely to have some impact on the controversies surrounding the field and significant implications for how the public views the trauma survivor as well as how survivors view themselves. After providing a brief primer on some of the most recent neurobiological findings, the clinical implications of such a “brain-based” model of PTSD are discussed.
{"title":"Neurobiological Models in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Effects on Public Perception and Patient Care","authors":"M. Kimble","doi":"10.1080/19322880802096517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19322880802096517","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Concurrent with the many controversies that have surrounded the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there has been an increasing understanding of the neurobiology of trauma and PTSD. The result of this work has provided considerable evidence that trauma can change the brain and that individuals with PTSD are affected by a range of neurobiological alterations. These neurobiological findings are likely to have some impact on the controversies surrounding the field and significant implications for how the public views the trauma survivor as well as how survivors view themselves. After providing a brief primer on some of the most recent neurobiological findings, the clinical implications of such a “brain-based” model of PTSD are discussed.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117305258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anouk L. Grubaugh, K. Cusack, Eunsil Yim, R. Knapp, B. Frueh
SUMMARY We examined the interrelationships between gender, adverse psychiatric experiences, lifetime trauma, and PTSD among severely mentally ill patients via secondary analyses. Participants were 142 adult, psychiatric patients, randomly-selected from a public-sector setting. They completed self-report measures to assess for victimization during the course of their psychiatric care, lifetime victimization, and PTSD. There were a number of significant associations between psychiatric and lifetime victimization experiences among both men and women. However, victimization within the psychiatric setting was not significantly related to PTSD for either men or women. Replication and expansion of these findings is encouraged to promote safety in psychiatric settings.
{"title":"Gender Differences in Relationship Patterns Between Adverse Psychiatric Experiences, Lifetime Trauma, and PTSD","authors":"Anouk L. Grubaugh, K. Cusack, Eunsil Yim, R. Knapp, B. Frueh","doi":"10.1300/J513v06n02_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J513v06n02_06","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY We examined the interrelationships between gender, adverse psychiatric experiences, lifetime trauma, and PTSD among severely mentally ill patients via secondary analyses. Participants were 142 adult, psychiatric patients, randomly-selected from a public-sector setting. They completed self-report measures to assess for victimization during the course of their psychiatric care, lifetime victimization, and PTSD. There were a number of significant associations between psychiatric and lifetime victimization experiences among both men and women. However, victimization within the psychiatric setting was not significantly related to PTSD for either men or women. Replication and expansion of these findings is encouraged to promote safety in psychiatric settings.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121993859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY After one hundred years of denial and ignorance, it was finally accepted 20 years ago that sexual, physical, and emotional abuse of children, along with neglect, was a genuine and common phenomenon with potentially devastating long term consequences for the mental health of the survivors. Until recently, there has been one exception to this rule. Sufferers of psychotic experiences were excluded. Their distress was caused predominantly by genetics or biology, or so they were told. Recent research has shown this to be a fallacy. Some of the recent studies even suggest that psychosis is the diagnostic category most likely to have experienced severe childhood trauma. This paper summarizes the historical context and offers a précis of the most important recent research findings. In keeping with the ethos of this journal we offer a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of psychotherapy for trauma survivors with psychosis. We end with an appeal to collaborate with the users movement to take this agenda forward.
{"title":"Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: The Genie Is Out of the Bottle","authors":"P. Hammersley, J. Read, S. Woodall, J. Dillon","doi":"10.1300/J513v06n02_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J513v06n02_02","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY After one hundred years of denial and ignorance, it was finally accepted 20 years ago that sexual, physical, and emotional abuse of children, along with neglect, was a genuine and common phenomenon with potentially devastating long term consequences for the mental health of the survivors. Until recently, there has been one exception to this rule. Sufferers of psychotic experiences were excluded. Their distress was caused predominantly by genetics or biology, or so they were told. Recent research has shown this to be a fallacy. Some of the recent studies even suggest that psychosis is the diagnostic category most likely to have experienced severe childhood trauma. This paper summarizes the historical context and offers a précis of the most important recent research findings. In keeping with the ethos of this journal we offer a case study to illustrate the effectiveness of psychotherapy for trauma survivors with psychosis. We end with an appeal to collaborate with the users movement to take this agenda forward.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126486482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY The theoretical basis for the development of differential psychopathology in children in response to a traumatic event suggests the timing of trauma and the family environment likely influence the development of psychological disturbances. We predicted that abused children who had psychotic symptoms would have experienced the trauma earlier in life than those children diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We also predicted that children with psychotic symptoms would hail from homes higher in cohesion and family conflict than those children with PTSD. Participants were 40 children, ages 6 to 17, and their mothers. All children were receiving treatment at a community mental health center, and were diagnosed with either posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 20) or a psychotic based disorder (n = 20). Results indicated that children with psychotic disorders experienced trauma earlier than children with PTSD (p < .02). Children with psychotic disorders reported more familial conflict (p < .04) than those children with PTSD. When compared to mothers of children with PTSD, mothers of psychotic children rated their family as less cohesive (p < .03). Implications of this research were discussed.
{"title":"Impact of Child Abuse Timing and Family Environment on Psychosis","authors":"J. Faust, L. Stewart","doi":"10.1300/J513v06n02_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J513v06n02_05","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The theoretical basis for the development of differential psychopathology in children in response to a traumatic event suggests the timing of trauma and the family environment likely influence the development of psychological disturbances. We predicted that abused children who had psychotic symptoms would have experienced the trauma earlier in life than those children diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We also predicted that children with psychotic symptoms would hail from homes higher in cohesion and family conflict than those children with PTSD. Participants were 40 children, ages 6 to 17, and their mothers. All children were receiving treatment at a community mental health center, and were diagnosed with either posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; n = 20) or a psychotic based disorder (n = 20). Results indicated that children with psychotic disorders experienced trauma earlier than children with PTSD (p < .02). Children with psychotic disorders reported more familial conflict (p < .04) than those children with PTSD. When compared to mothers of children with PTSD, mothers of psychotic children rated their family as less cohesive (p < .03). Implications of this research were discussed.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115597453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY Schizophrenia is a chronic terror syndrome. In World War II there were battlefield traumas that always produced classic schizophrenic symptoms. However, if the patients were healthy before the trauma, they spontaneously recovered. The myth of the incurability of schizophrenia led to the belief that these individuals could not be schizophrenic if they recovered. But all schizophrenics are the victims of lives filled with trauma, sometimes subtle but usually obvious. Examples are described. Professionals have tried not to listen. But if one investigates, most of the bad things patients talk about or symbolize in their symptoms are not delusional, but real traumas. It helps to face the truth.
{"title":"Trauma and Schizophrenia","authors":"B. Karon","doi":"10.1300/j513v06n02_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j513v06n02_08","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Schizophrenia is a chronic terror syndrome. In World War II there were battlefield traumas that always produced classic schizophrenic symptoms. However, if the patients were healthy before the trauma, they spontaneously recovered. The myth of the incurability of schizophrenia led to the belief that these individuals could not be schizophrenic if they recovered. But all schizophrenics are the victims of lives filled with trauma, sometimes subtle but usually obvious. Examples are described. Professionals have tried not to listen. But if one investigates, most of the bad things patients talk about or symbolize in their symptoms are not delusional, but real traumas. It helps to face the truth.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114265041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY The relationship between dissociation and psychosis is not a topic of serious study and research in the psychosis field, though it has received attention in the dissociation literature. A number of conceptual problems must be solved before the role of dissociation in schizophrenia and other psychoses can be a central issue in diagnosis, research and treatment. These include problems with: the model of mind-body interaction accepted in psychiatry, definitions of dissociation and psychosis, the concept of pseudo-hallucinations, DSM criteria for schizophrenia, research measures for dissociation and psychosis, the sociology of psychiatry, the drug industry, assumptions about etiology of dissociation and psychosis, and assumptions about treatment. These problems are discussed and recommendations are made for DSM-V and future research.
{"title":"Dissociation and Psychosis: Conceptual Issues","authors":"C. Ross","doi":"10.1300/J513v06n02_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J513v06n02_03","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The relationship between dissociation and psychosis is not a topic of serious study and research in the psychosis field, though it has received attention in the dissociation literature. A number of conceptual problems must be solved before the role of dissociation in schizophrenia and other psychoses can be a central issue in diagnosis, research and treatment. These include problems with: the model of mind-body interaction accepted in psychiatry, definitions of dissociation and psychosis, the concept of pseudo-hallucinations, DSM criteria for schizophrenia, research measures for dissociation and psychosis, the sociology of psychiatry, the drug industry, assumptions about etiology of dissociation and psychosis, and assumptions about treatment. These problems are discussed and recommendations are made for DSM-V and future research.","PeriodicalId":360233,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychological Trauma","volume":"641 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123281555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：