T. Collin, R. Cunningham, Jitka MacAdam, R. Villa, B. Jefferson, P. Jeffrey
The understanding of fats, oils, and greases (FOGs) pathways in commercial kitchens is relatively poor. In this contribution, we extend our understanding of how FOG is perceived and managed by those working within food service establishments (FSEs). A questionnaire (n = 107) exposes awareness of and experiences with FOG and characterises two important behaviours: kitchen appliance cleaning regimes and waste management practices. Findings demonstrate that awareness of issues caused by FOG in sewer networks is independent of job role or position and that a majority of respondents (74%) are acquainted with the impacts of poor FOG management. Application of a risk ranking approach revealed a low risk of emissions from waste frying oils and exposed behaviours which can serve to reduce FOG emission potential including pre-rinsing of plates and cleaning of fryers and extraction hoods. Critically, 69% of FSEs had no means of managing their FOG emissions. We conclude that sampled FSEs were generally unaware of the relative contribution of FOG sources, thereby limiting their ability to respond to the behavioural and technological options available for minimising its impact. The risk ranking developed in this paper could be used to suggest efforts to reduce and mitigate FOG emissions from FSEs.
{"title":"Towards a risk ranking for improved management of discharges of fats, oils, and greases (FOGs) from food outlets","authors":"T. Collin, R. Cunningham, Jitka MacAdam, R. Villa, B. Jefferson, P. Jeffrey","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.056","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The understanding of fats, oils, and greases (FOGs) pathways in commercial kitchens is relatively poor. In this contribution, we extend our understanding of how FOG is perceived and managed by those working within food service establishments (FSEs). A questionnaire (n = 107) exposes awareness of and experiences with FOG and characterises two important behaviours: kitchen appliance cleaning regimes and waste management practices. Findings demonstrate that awareness of issues caused by FOG in sewer networks is independent of job role or position and that a majority of respondents (74%) are acquainted with the impacts of poor FOG management. Application of a risk ranking approach revealed a low risk of emissions from waste frying oils and exposed behaviours which can serve to reduce FOG emission potential including pre-rinsing of plates and cleaning of fryers and extraction hoods. Critically, 69% of FSEs had no means of managing their FOG emissions. We conclude that sampled FSEs were generally unaware of the relative contribution of FOG sources, thereby limiting their ability to respond to the behavioural and technological options available for minimising its impact. The risk ranking developed in this paper could be used to suggest efforts to reduce and mitigate FOG emissions from FSEs.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Roopnarine, A. Cashman, G. Eudoxie, Sara-Jade Govia, Crisanne Davis-Rostant, Renee Jackson, Akil Crichlow
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of complexity to the already disruptive risk profiles of these countries. Understanding how these hazards, both individually and cumulatively, impact sectors, particularly essential sectors such as the water sector, is crucial to addressing current and future risks that the islands are likely to face. This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on water consumption while considering additional natural hazards which occurred concurrently in two Caribbean countries: Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago. The assessment indicated a marked influence on consumption levels in various sectors consistent with the imposed public health restrictions in the respective countries. In the case of Barbados, monthly consumption decreased during the pandemic across all categories when compared to the pre-COVID period, except for residential consumption, which increased by approximately 9%. For Trinidad and Tobago, the consumption data assessed showed a decrease in average monthly water consumption across all categories ranging from 3 to 13%. Although available data did not permit conclusive analysis, we have discerned some general trends, identified gaps, and provided recommendations.
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 and natural disasters on water consumption across sectors: case studies of Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago","authors":"R. Roopnarine, A. Cashman, G. Eudoxie, Sara-Jade Govia, Crisanne Davis-Rostant, Renee Jackson, Akil Crichlow","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of complexity to the already disruptive risk profiles of these countries. Understanding how these hazards, both individually and cumulatively, impact sectors, particularly essential sectors such as the water sector, is crucial to addressing current and future risks that the islands are likely to face. This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on water consumption while considering additional natural hazards which occurred concurrently in two Caribbean countries: Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago. The assessment indicated a marked influence on consumption levels in various sectors consistent with the imposed public health restrictions in the respective countries. In the case of Barbados, monthly consumption decreased during the pandemic across all categories when compared to the pre-COVID period, except for residential consumption, which increased by approximately 9%. For Trinidad and Tobago, the consumption data assessed showed a decrease in average monthly water consumption across all categories ranging from 3 to 13%. Although available data did not permit conclusive analysis, we have discerned some general trends, identified gaps, and provided recommendations.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46888874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid urbanization and land-use change prominently decreased groundwater recharge areas. Infiltration occurring through permeable areas is responsible for groundwater recharge. However, detailed studies of infiltration in low-income countries especially in human-encroached recharge areas are limited. Thus, this study mainly aims to measure the infiltration rate in major recharge areas of the Kathmandu Valley (KV) using a double-ring infiltrometer (concentric ring size 30 and 15 cm). It also aims to estimate the volume of groundwater recharge with respect to the decrease in permeable areas in the northern part of the KV. The results revealed the infiltration rate ranging from 0.01 to 37.2 cm/h with an average of 7.3 ± 8.4 cm/h. The infiltration is found to be dependent upon land-use among different categories and organic matter among different soil properties. Additionally, the volume of water recharge in 2010, 2020, and 2030 was estimated as 67.73, 59.05, and 51.5 million cubic meter per year (MCM/year), respectively, which clearly showed a decrease in recharge water with respect to a decrease in the permeable areas. Hence, the findings would be useful for policymakers, stakeholders, and urban planners regarding the preservation and conservation of permeable areas for sustainable water resource management and urban flood management.
{"title":"Water infiltration rate in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal amidst present urbanization and land-use change","authors":"G. Shrestha, B. Shakya, M. Shrestha, U. Khadka","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The rapid urbanization and land-use change prominently decreased groundwater recharge areas. Infiltration occurring through permeable areas is responsible for groundwater recharge. However, detailed studies of infiltration in low-income countries especially in human-encroached recharge areas are limited. Thus, this study mainly aims to measure the infiltration rate in major recharge areas of the Kathmandu Valley (KV) using a double-ring infiltrometer (concentric ring size 30 and 15 cm). It also aims to estimate the volume of groundwater recharge with respect to the decrease in permeable areas in the northern part of the KV. The results revealed the infiltration rate ranging from 0.01 to 37.2 cm/h with an average of 7.3 ± 8.4 cm/h. The infiltration is found to be dependent upon land-use among different categories and organic matter among different soil properties. Additionally, the volume of water recharge in 2010, 2020, and 2030 was estimated as 67.73, 59.05, and 51.5 million cubic meter per year (MCM/year), respectively, which clearly showed a decrease in recharge water with respect to a decrease in the permeable areas. Hence, the findings would be useful for policymakers, stakeholders, and urban planners regarding the preservation and conservation of permeable areas for sustainable water resource management and urban flood management.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42462843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores the intertwined, multi-level, and varied scale of public institutions, local level organizations, and various actors involved in rendering water supply services to the residents of Delhi. To ensure water security in the national capital, the study about actors and institutions involved in the water governance of Delhi is pertinent. Delhi being the capital of the country has overlapping administration between both the central and state government. Various ministries and departments which vary in hierarchy and power are working for the day-to-day functioning of the megacity. This phenomenon also applies to the water governance of Delhi and making it byzantine and complex in nature. In this context, a multi-level governance approach has been used for exploring the water governance of Delhi. Identification of various actors, stakeholders, and institutions involved in Delhi's water governance is a prerequisite to ensure effective, equitable, and participatory water management for the city.
{"title":"Decoding Delhi's water governance through multi-level governance approach","authors":"S. Kumari, Rabidyuti Biswas","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the intertwined, multi-level, and varied scale of public institutions, local level organizations, and various actors involved in rendering water supply services to the residents of Delhi. To ensure water security in the national capital, the study about actors and institutions involved in the water governance of Delhi is pertinent. Delhi being the capital of the country has overlapping administration between both the central and state government. Various ministries and departments which vary in hierarchy and power are working for the day-to-day functioning of the megacity. This phenomenon also applies to the water governance of Delhi and making it byzantine and complex in nature. In this context, a multi-level governance approach has been used for exploring the water governance of Delhi. Identification of various actors, stakeholders, and institutions involved in Delhi's water governance is a prerequisite to ensure effective, equitable, and participatory water management for the city.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48186711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Kimbugwe, Tim H. Davis, F. Goff, E. Greggio, Sokhadeva Chanthet, Benjamin Kiap
{"title":"Corrigendum: H2Open Journal 5 (2), 348–364: Strengthening country-led water and sanitation services monitoring and data use for decision-making: lessons from WaterAid experience in four countries, http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.028","authors":"C. Kimbugwe, Tim H. Davis, F. Goff, E. Greggio, Sokhadeva Chanthet, Benjamin Kiap","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professor Juliet Willetts, Dr. Naomi Carrard, Dr. Mohamad Mova Al'Afghani
{"title":"Editorial: Systems strengthening and human rights as entry points for WASH","authors":"Professor Juliet Willetts, Dr. Naomi Carrard, Dr. Mohamad Mova Al'Afghani","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45698797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron nanocatalyst for its potential application as Fenton's catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue dye was synthesized with the fruit extract of Citrus maxima using bioleached laterite iron as a precursor. Synthesized iron particles were characterized suitably and their catalytic role in the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B by Fenton's oxidation was evaluated. The synthesized nanocatalyst exhibits heterogeneous catalytic properties in the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B with a degradation efficiency of 93.6 and 91.3%, respectively. Observed rate constants are consistent with the increase in catalyst dosage as it speeds up the reaction. The degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B follows a pseudo-first-order reaction with a linear fit. Reusability studies confirm the reduction in the catalytic efficiency of the synthesized iron nanoparticles after five consecutive cycles.
{"title":"Bioleached laterite nano iron catalyst (BLaNFeCs)-based Fenton's degradation of selective dyes in water","authors":"B. S, B. Manu, M. Sreenivasa","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Iron nanocatalyst for its potential application as Fenton's catalyst for the degradation of methylene blue dye was synthesized with the fruit extract of Citrus maxima using bioleached laterite iron as a precursor. Synthesized iron particles were characterized suitably and their catalytic role in the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B by Fenton's oxidation was evaluated. The synthesized nanocatalyst exhibits heterogeneous catalytic properties in the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B with a degradation efficiency of 93.6 and 91.3%, respectively. Observed rate constants are consistent with the increase in catalyst dosage as it speeds up the reaction. The degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B follows a pseudo-first-order reaction with a linear fit. Reusability studies confirm the reduction in the catalytic efficiency of the synthesized iron nanoparticles after five consecutive cycles.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muluneh Legesse Edamo, K. Bushira, Tigistu Yisihak Ukumo
Flood susceptibility mapping plays a key role in planning flood mitigation. Floods may not be avoidable due to future climate changes. The Bilate catchment in Ethiopia is vulnerable to flood disasters and it is used as a case study in this project. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) under multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is used to develop the flood susceptibility map of the Bilate catchment. It was accordingly found that factors such as slope, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil type (ST), sediment transport index (STI), drainage density (DD), stream power index (SPI), and distance from the river (DR) have significant effects on the flood intensity in the Bilate catchment. The output maps were developed using ArcGIS. The prepared flood susceptibility map was classified into five classes such as very low, low, moderate, high, and very high covering 9.3, 32.6, 41.2, 10.8, and 6.1% of the area, respectively. The flood susceptibility map reported in this research is a great resource for relevant parties, including government and non-governmental organizations, to evaluate the impacts of flooding in the Bilate catchment and throughout the nation. The flood identified in this research may also be used as a reference to flood-related studies.
{"title":"Flood susceptibility mapping in the Bilate catchment, Ethiopia","authors":"Muluneh Legesse Edamo, K. Bushira, Tigistu Yisihak Ukumo","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Flood susceptibility mapping plays a key role in planning flood mitigation. Floods may not be avoidable due to future climate changes. The Bilate catchment in Ethiopia is vulnerable to flood disasters and it is used as a case study in this project. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) under multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is used to develop the flood susceptibility map of the Bilate catchment. It was accordingly found that factors such as slope, rainfall, land use/land cover (LULC), elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI), soil type (ST), sediment transport index (STI), drainage density (DD), stream power index (SPI), and distance from the river (DR) have significant effects on the flood intensity in the Bilate catchment. The output maps were developed using ArcGIS. The prepared flood susceptibility map was classified into five classes such as very low, low, moderate, high, and very high covering 9.3, 32.6, 41.2, 10.8, and 6.1% of the area, respectively. The flood susceptibility map reported in this research is a great resource for relevant parties, including government and non-governmental organizations, to evaluate the impacts of flooding in the Bilate catchment and throughout the nation. The flood identified in this research may also be used as a reference to flood-related studies.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42015901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rishith Kumar Vogeti, Bhavesh Rahul Mishra, K. Raju
The present study applies three Machine Learning Algorithms, namely, Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), Wavelet Neural Network (WNN), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), to assess their suitability for streamflow projections of the Lower Godavari Basin. Historical data for 39 years of daily rainfall, evapotranspiration, and discharge are used, of which 80% were for the model training and 20% for validation. A Random Search method is used for hyperparameter tuning. XGBoost performs better than WNN, and Bi-LSTM with an R2, RMSE, NSE, and PBIAS of 0.88, 1.48, 0.86, and 29.3% during training, with corresponding values of 0.86, 1.63, 0.85, and 28.5%, respectively, during validation indicate consistency. Therefore, it is used further for projecting streamflow from a climate change perspective. Global Climate Model, Ec-Earth3 is used because of its potentiality, as observed from previous studies. Four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) are considered. Downscaling of future climate variables is based on Empirical Quantile Mapping. Eight decadal streamflow projections are computed – D1 to D8 (2021–2030 to 2091–2099) – exhibiting more pronounced changes within the warming range. They are compared with three historic time horizons of H1 (1982–1994), H2 (1995–2007), and H3 (2008–2020). The highest daily streamflow is observed in D1, D3, D4, D5, and D8 in SSP245; these are D6 and D7 in SSP585 as per XGBoost analysis.
{"title":"Machine learning algorithms for streamflow forecasting of Lower Godavari Basin","authors":"Rishith Kumar Vogeti, Bhavesh Rahul Mishra, K. Raju","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.240","url":null,"abstract":"The present study applies three Machine Learning Algorithms, namely, Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), Wavelet Neural Network (WNN), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), to assess their suitability for streamflow projections of the Lower Godavari Basin. Historical data for 39 years of daily rainfall, evapotranspiration, and discharge are used, of which 80% were for the model training and 20% for validation. A Random Search method is used for hyperparameter tuning. XGBoost performs better than WNN, and Bi-LSTM with an R2, RMSE, NSE, and PBIAS of 0.88, 1.48, 0.86, and 29.3% during training, with corresponding values of 0.86, 1.63, 0.85, and 28.5%, respectively, during validation indicate consistency. Therefore, it is used further for projecting streamflow from a climate change perspective. Global Climate Model, Ec-Earth3 is used because of its potentiality, as observed from previous studies. Four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) are considered. Downscaling of future climate variables is based on Empirical Quantile Mapping. Eight decadal streamflow projections are computed – D1 to D8 (2021–2030 to 2091–2099) – exhibiting more pronounced changes within the warming range. They are compared with three historic time horizons of H1 (1982–1994), H2 (1995–2007), and H3 (2008–2020). The highest daily streamflow is observed in D1, D3, D4, D5, and D8 in SSP245; these are D6 and D7 in SSP585 as per XGBoost analysis.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44740138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research is aimed at measuring the water requirement, crop coefficient, and strawberry canopy coverage for efficient water consumption management. Two volumetric lysimeters were installed during the growing season of 2018 and 2019 at an agricultural research station in Kurdistan provinces, Iran. In one of the lysimeters, the grass crop was cultivated as the reference crop. Queen Elisa, the dominant strawberry cultivar of the study area, was planted in the other lysimeter. To determine the crop coefficient, strawberry and grass evapotranspiration at different stages of plant growth was measured and evaluated. The results showed that the average evapotranspiration of strawberries was 3.8 mm/day and the amount of water consumed during the whole growing season was 873.4 mm. The evapotranspiration of grass was calculated as 1143.5 mm with an average of 4.7 mm/day. Initial, middle, and ultimate crop coefficients were measured as 0.45, 0.86, and 0.8, respectively. During the growing season, the strawberry canopy cover increased by 73% and then decreased by 65%. There was a linear relationship (R2 = 0.94) between crop coefficient and strawberry canopy coverage.
{"title":"Determination of water requirement and crop coefficient for strawberry using lysimeter experiment in a semi-arid climate","authors":"A. Amini, F. Karami, M. H. Sedri, Valeh Khaledian","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This research is aimed at measuring the water requirement, crop coefficient, and strawberry canopy coverage for efficient water consumption management. Two volumetric lysimeters were installed during the growing season of 2018 and 2019 at an agricultural research station in Kurdistan provinces, Iran. In one of the lysimeters, the grass crop was cultivated as the reference crop. Queen Elisa, the dominant strawberry cultivar of the study area, was planted in the other lysimeter. To determine the crop coefficient, strawberry and grass evapotranspiration at different stages of plant growth was measured and evaluated. The results showed that the average evapotranspiration of strawberries was 3.8 mm/day and the amount of water consumed during the whole growing season was 873.4 mm. The evapotranspiration of grass was calculated as 1143.5 mm with an average of 4.7 mm/day. Initial, middle, and ultimate crop coefficients were measured as 0.45, 0.86, and 0.8, respectively. During the growing season, the strawberry canopy cover increased by 73% and then decreased by 65%. There was a linear relationship (R2 = 0.94) between crop coefficient and strawberry canopy coverage.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47288572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：