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Effects of Fully Filling Deep Electron/Hole Traps in Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeters in the Kilovoltage Energy Range 在千伏能量范围内充分填充深电子/空穴阱对光激发发光剂量计的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00339
M. Chun, Hyeong-min Jin, Sung Young Lee, O. Kwon, C. Choi, Jong Min Park, Jung-in Kim
Background: This study investigated the characteristics of optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) with fully filled deep electron/hole traps in the kV energy ranges. Materials and Methods: The experimental group consisted of InLight nanoDots, whose deep electron/hole traps were fully filled with 5 kGy pre-irradiation (OSLD exp ), whereas the non-pre-irradiated OSLDs were arranged as a control group (OSLD cont ). Absorbed doses for 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, and 105 kVp with 200 mA and 40 ms were measured and defined as the unit doses for each energy value. A bleaching device equipped with a 520-nm long-pass filter was used, and the strong beam mode was used to read out signal counts. The characteristics were investigated in terms of fading, dose sensitivities according to the accumulated doses, and dose linearity. Results and Discussion: In OSLD exp , the average normalized counts (sensitivities) were 12.7%, 14.0%, 15.0%, 10.2%, 18.0%, 17.9%, and 17.3% higher compared with those in OSLD cont for 75, 80, 90, 95, 100, and 105 kVp, respectively. The dose accumulation and bleaching time did not significantly alter the sensitivity, regardless of the filling of deep traps for all radiation qualities. Both OSLD exp and OSLD cont exhibited good linearity, by showing coefficients determination (R 2 ) > 0.99. The OSL sensitivities can be increased by filling of deep electron/hole traps in the energy ranges between 75 and 105 kVp, and they exhibited no significant variations according to the bleaching time.
背景:本研究研究了在kV能量范围内充满深电子/空穴阱的光激发发光剂量计(OSLDs)的特性。材料与方法:实验组由InLight纳米点组成,其深层电子/空穴陷阱被5 kGy的预辐照(OSLD exp)完全填充,而未预辐照的OSLD作为对照组(OSLD cont)。测量了200 mA和40 ms下75、80、85、90、95、100和105 kVp的吸收剂量,并将其定义为每个能量值的单位剂量。使用配备520 nm长通滤波器的漂白装置,采用强光束模式读出信号计数。从衰减、按累积剂量计算的剂量敏感性和剂量线性等方面研究了其特性。结果与讨论:与对照相比,在75、80、90、95、100和105 kVp时,OSLD实验的平均归一化计数(敏感性)分别高出12.7%、14.0%、15.0%、10.2%、18.0%、17.9%和17.3%。无论是否填充深阱,剂量累积和漂白时间都没有显著改变所有辐射质量的敏感性。实验结果表明,溶出量与溶出量均呈良好的线性关系(r2 > 0.99)。在75 ~ 105 kVp的能量范围内填充深电子/空穴阱可以提高OSL的灵敏度,且随漂白时间的变化不显著。
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引用次数: 0
Dose Estimation Model for Terminal Buds in Radioactively Contaminated Fir Trees 放射性污染杉树顶芽的剂量估算模型
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00409
I. Kawaguchi, H. Kido, Yoshito Watanabe
Background: After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, biological alterations in the natural biota, including morphological changes of fir trees in forests surrounding the power plant, have been reported. Focusing on the terminal buds involved in the morphological formation of fir trees, this study developed a method for estimating the absorbed radiation dose rate using radionuclide distribution measurements from tree organs.Materials and Methods: A phantom composed of three-dimensional (3D) tree organs was constructed for the three upper whorls of the fir tree. A terminal bud was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations for the absorbed dose rate of radionuclides in the tree organs of the whorls. Evaluation of the absorbed dose targeted 131I, 134Cs, and 137Cs, the main radionuclides subsequent to the FDNPP accident. The dose contribution from each tree organ was calculated separately using dose coefficients (DC), which express the ratio between the average activity concentration of a radionuclide in each tree organ and the dose rate at the terminal bud.Results and Discussion: The dose estimation indicated that the radionuclides in the terminal bud and bud scale contributed to the absorbed dose rate mainly by beta rays, whereas those in 1-year-old trunk/branches and leaves were contributed by gamma rays. However, the dose contribution from radionuclides in the lower trunk/branches and leaves was negligible.Conclusion: The fir tree model provides organ-specific DC values, which are satisfactory for the practical calculation of the absorbed dose rate of radiation from inside the tree. These calculations are based on the measurement of radionuclide concentrations in tree organs on the 1-year-old leader shoots of fir trees. With the addition of direct gamma ray measurements of the absorbed dose rate from the tree environment, the total absorbed dose rate was estimated in the terminal bud of fir trees in contaminated forests.
背景:福岛第一核电站事故发生后,自然生物群的生物学变化,包括核电站周围森林冷杉树的形态变化,已经被报道。本研究以杉木形态形成过程中的顶芽为研究对象,建立了一种利用树木器官放射性核素分布测量来估计吸收辐射剂量率的方法。材料与方法:以杉树上三轮为材料,构建三维树形器官模型。用蒙特卡罗模拟方法对一个顶芽进行了评估,以确定放射性核素在花轮树器官中的吸收剂量率。FDNPP事故后主要放射性核素131I、134Cs和137Cs的吸收剂量评估。每个树状器官的剂量贡献分别用剂量系数(DC)计算,DC表示每个树状器官中放射性核素的平均活性浓度与顶芽剂量率之间的比值。结果与讨论:剂量估计表明,顶芽和芽鳞中的放射性核素主要以β射线贡献吸收剂量率,而1年生树干/枝叶中的放射性核素主要以γ射线贡献吸收剂量率。然而,放射性核素在下部干/枝和叶中的剂量贡献可以忽略不计。结论:杉树模型提供了杉树体内辐射吸收剂量率的器官特异性DC值,可以满足实际计算杉树体内辐射吸收剂量率的需要。这些计算是根据对杉树1年树龄主枝上树木器官中放射性核素浓度的测量得出的。结合树木环境中直接伽马射线的吸收剂量率测量,估算了污染林内杉树顶芽的总吸收剂量率。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Activities of the Website “Question and Answer about Radiation in Daily Life” after the Accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and Some Lessons Learned from It: To Pass on This Experience to the Future 福岛第一核电站事故后“日常生活中的辐射问答”网站活动分析及教训:将这一经验传递给未来
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00346
Takahiko Kono, Masato Tanaka, Hitomi Tanaka, M. Shimo, H. Torii, Kazuko Uno
After the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, artificial radionuclides such as radioactive cesium and iodine were released into the environment. It caused great anxiety not only in the vicinity of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant but also in other regions of the world. Some members of the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS), a leading academic society in Japan in the field of radiation protection, volunteered to establish a website called “Question and Answer (Q&A) about radiation in daily life” shortly after the accident to help reduce the residents’ anxiety about the health effects of radiation. In August 2011, “Committee for Q&A about radiation in daily life” was established in JHPS, making the website-related activities a responsibility of JHPS. The Q&A website continued to respond to the questions from the general public with expertise and sincerity until February 2013 when the Committee members decided to end the activities because the number of questions received had gradually decreased with the passage of time. This paper aims to introduce the following: the activities of the Q&A website during the two years (2011–2013), the stance chosen for the activities, the information related to the website activities and the analysis of Twitter data. Building on the experience and the knowledge obtained from the activities, it also discusses issues and experiences that can be utilized in the initial response to emergencies for radiation protection experts as well as those in other fields.
福岛第一核电站事故发生后,放射性铯和碘等人工放射性核素被释放到环境中。它不仅在福岛第一核电站附近,而且在世界其他地区引起了极大的焦虑。事故发生后不久,日本辐射防护领域的主要学术团体日本健康物理学会(JHPS)的一些成员自愿建立了一个名为“日常生活中的辐射问答”的网站,以帮助减轻居民对辐射对健康影响的焦虑。2011年8月,JHPS成立了“日常生活辐射问答委员会”,网站相关活动由JHPS负责。问答网站继续以专业和真诚的方式回答公众的问题,直到2013年2月,委员会成员决定结束活动,因为收到的问题数量随着时间的推移逐渐减少。本文旨在介绍以下内容:Q&A网站在2011-2013年两年间的活动,活动选择的立场,与网站活动相关的信息以及Twitter数据的分析。根据从这些活动中获得的经验和知识,它还讨论了辐射防护专家以及其他领域的专家在紧急情况的初步反应中可以利用的问题和经验。
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引用次数: 0
A Review of Computational Phantoms for Quality Assurance in Radiology and Radiotherapy in the Deep-Learning Era
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00402
Zhao Peng, Ning Gao, Bingzhi Wu, Zhi Chen, X. G. Xu
The exciting advancement related to the “modeling of digital human” in terms of a computational phantom for radiation dose calculations has to do with the latest hype related to deep learning. The advent of deep learning or artificial intelligence (AI) technology involving convolutional neural networks has brought an unprecedented level of innovation to the field of organ segmentation. In addition, graphics processing units (GPUs) are utilized as boosters for both real-time Monte Carlo simulations and AI-based image segmentation applications. These advancements provide the feasibility of creating three-dimensional (3D) geometric details of the human anatomy from tomographic imaging and performing Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations using increasingly fast and inexpensive computers. This review first introduces the history of three types of computational human phantoms: stylized medical internal radiation dosimetry (MIRD) phantoms, voxelized tomographic phantoms, and boundary representation (BREP) deformable phantoms. Then, the development of a person-specific phantom is demonstrated by introducing AI-based organ autosegmentation technology. Next, a new development in GPU-based Monte Carlo radiation dose calculations is introduced. Examples of applying computational phantoms and a new Monte Carlo code named ARCHER (Accelerated Radiation- transport Computations in Heterogeneous EnviRonments) to problems in radiation protection, imaging, and radiotherapy are presented from research projects performed by students at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) and University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). Finally, this review discusses challenges and future research opportunities. We found that, owing to the latest computer hardware and AI technology, computational human body models are moving closer to real human anatomy structures for accurate radiation dose calculations.
有关“数字人类建模”的令人兴奋的进展,即用于计算辐射剂量的计算幻影,与深度学习相关的最新炒作有关。涉及卷积神经网络的深度学习或人工智能(AI)技术的出现,给器官分割领域带来了前所未有的创新。此外,图形处理单元(gpu)被用作实时蒙特卡罗模拟和基于人工智能的图像分割应用程序的助推器。这些进步提供了通过层析成像创建人体解剖的三维(3D)几何细节的可行性,并使用越来越快和廉价的计算机进行蒙特卡罗辐射传输模拟。本文首先介绍了三种类型的计算人体幻影的历史:程式化医学内辐射剂量学(MIRD)幻影、体素化层析成像幻影和边界表示(BREP)变形幻影。然后,通过引入基于人工智能的器官自动分割技术,展示了人体特异性幻像的发展。其次,介绍了基于gpu的蒙特卡罗辐射剂量计算的新进展。在伦斯勒理工学院(RPI)和中国科学技术大学(USTC)的学生进行的研究项目中,介绍了将计算幻影和名为ARCHER(异构环境中的加速辐射传输计算)的新蒙特卡罗代码应用于辐射防护、成像和放疗问题的例子。最后,本文讨论了挑战和未来的研究机会。我们发现,由于最新的计算机硬件和人工智能技术,计算人体模型正在接近真实的人体解剖结构,以便准确计算辐射剂量。
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引用次数: 2
Development and Evaluation of a Thimble-Like Head Bolus Shield for Hemi-Body Electron Beam Irradiation Technique 半体电子束辐照技术中顶针状头部保护罩的研制与评价
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2022.00010
W. Shin, Sung Young Lee, Hyeong-min Jin, Jeong-Hee Kim, S. Kang, Jung-in Kim, Seongmoon Jung
Background: The hemi-body electron beam irradiation (HBIe–) technique has been proposed for the treatment of mycosis fungoides. It spares healthy skin using an electron shield. However, shielding electrons is complicated owing to electron scattering effects. In this study, we developed a thimble-like head bolus shield that surrounds the patient’s entire head to prevent irradiation of the head during HBIe–.Materials and Methods: The feasibility of a thimble-like head bolus shield was evaluated using a simplified Geant4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Subsequently, the head bolus was manufactured using a three-dimensional (3D) printed mold and Ecoflex 00-30 silicone. The fabricated head bolus was experimentally validated by measuring the dose to the Rando phantom using a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) detector with clinical configuration of HBIe–.Results and Discussion: The thimble-like head bolus reduced the electron fluence by 2% compared with that without a shield in the MC simulations. In addition, an improvement in fluence degradation outside the head shield was observed. In the experimental validation using the inhouse- developed bolus shield, this head bolus reduced the electron dose to approximately 2.5% of the prescribed dose.Conclusion: A thimble-like head bolus shield for the HBIe– technique was developed and validated in this study. This bolus effectively spares healthy skin without underdosage in the region of the target skin in HBIe–.
背景:半体电子束辐照(HBIe -)技术已被提出用于真菌病的治疗。它通过电子屏蔽保护健康的皮肤。然而,由于电子散射效应,屏蔽电子是复杂的。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种顶针状的头部丸罩,它包围了患者的整个头部,以防止在HBIe -期间头部受到辐射。材料与方法:采用简化的Geant4蒙特卡罗(MC)模拟评估了顶针状头部弹丸屏蔽的可行性。随后,使用三维(3D)打印模具和Ecoflex 00-30硅胶制造头部丸。利用临床配置为HBIe -的金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)探测器,通过测量对Rando模体的剂量,对制备的头丸进行了实验验证。结果与讨论:在MC模拟中,与没有屏蔽的情况相比,顶针状头丸使电子影响降低了2%。此外,观察到头部屏蔽外的影响降解有所改善。在使用内部开发的丸屏蔽的实验验证中,该头部丸将电子剂量降低到约为规定剂量的2.5%。结论:本研究开发并验证了一种用于HBIe -技术的顶针状头部丸罩。该丸有效地保护健康皮肤,而不会在HBIe -靶皮肤区域剂量不足。
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引用次数: 1
Bias-corrected Hp(10)-to-Organ-Absorbed Dose Conversion Coefficients for the Epidemiological Study of Korean Radiation Workers. 韩国放射工作人员流行病学研究中经偏倚校正的Hp(10)-器官吸收剂量转换系数。
IF 0.6 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2022.00052
Areum Jeong, Tae-Eun Kwon, Wonho Lee, Sunhoo Park

Background: The effects of radiation on the health of radiation workers who are constantly susceptible to occupational exposure must be assessed based on an accurate and reliable reconstruction of organ-absorbed doses that can be calculated using personal dosimeter readings measured as Hp(10) and dose conversion coefficients. However, the data used in dose reconstruction contain significant biases arising from a lack of reality and could result in an inaccurate measure of organ-absorbed doses. Therefore, this study quantified the biases involved in organ dose reconstruction and calculated the bias-corrected Hp(10)-to-organ-absorbed dose coefficients for the use in epidemiological studies of Korean radiation workers.

Materials and methods: Two major biases were considered: (1) the bias in Hp(10) arising from the difference between the dosimeter calibration geometry and the actual exposure geometry and (2) the bias in air kerma-to-Hp(10) conversion coefficients resulting from geometric differences between the human body and slab phantom. The biases were quantified by implementing personal dosimeters on the slab and human phantoms coupled with Monte Carlo method and considered to calculate the bias-corrected Hp(10)-to-organ-absorbed dose conversion coefficients.

Results and discussion: The bias in Hp(10) was significant for large incident angles and low energies (e.g., 0.32 for right lateral at 218 keV), whereas the bias in dose coefficients was significant for the posterior-anterior (PA) geometry only (e.g., 0.79 at 218 keV). The bias-corrected Hp(10)-to-organ-absorbed dose conversion coefficients derived in this study were up to 3.09-fold greater than those from ICRP publications without considering the biases.

Conclusion: The obtained results will aid future studies in assessing the health effects of occupational exposure of Korean radiation workers. The bias-corrected dose coefficients of this study can be used to calculate organ doses for Korean radiation workers based personal dose records.

背景:必须根据准确可靠的器官吸收剂量重建来评估辐射对经常易受职业暴露影响的辐射工作者健康的影响,该重建可以使用个人剂量计读数Hp(10)和剂量转换系数来计算。然而,剂量重建中使用的数据包含由于缺乏真实性而产生的重大偏差,并可能导致器官吸收剂量的测量不准确。因此,本研究量化了器官剂量重建中涉及的偏差,并计算了偏差校正的Hp(10)-器官吸收剂量系数,用于韩国放射工作人员的流行病学研究。材料和方法:考虑了两个主要的偏差:(1)由剂量计校准几何结构和实际暴露几何结构之间的差异引起的Hp(10)偏差;(2)由人体和平板体模之间的几何差异引起的空气kerma到Hp(10%)转换系数的偏差。通过在平板和人体模型上使用个人剂量计,结合蒙特卡罗方法对偏差进行量化,并考虑计算偏差校正的Hp(10)-器官吸收剂量转换系数。结果和讨论:对于大入射角和低能量(例如,218keV时右侧0.32),Hp(10)的偏差是显著的,而剂量系数的偏差仅对于后-前(PA)几何结构是显著的(例如,218 keV时0.79)。本研究中得出的经偏倚校正的Hp(10)-器官吸收剂量转换系数比ICRP出版物中未考虑偏倚的系数高出3.09倍。结论:所获得的结果将有助于未来评估韩国放射工作人员职业暴露对健康影响的研究。本研究的偏差校正剂量系数可用于根据个人剂量记录计算韩国放射工作者的器官剂量。
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引用次数: 0
Role and Collaboration of Radiation Protection Experts: Summary of Discussions between the Japan Health Physics Society and the Korean Association of Radiation Protection Related to Tritiated Water 辐射防护专家的作用和协作:日本健康物理学会和韩国辐射防护协会关于氚化水的讨论摘要
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00360
M. Sasaki, H. Yoshida, M. Kai, Y. H. Jeong, Kyo-Youn Kim, Hee-Seock Lee
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引用次数: 0
Perceptions of Residents in Relation to Smartphone Applications to Promote Understanding of Radiation Exposure after the Fukushima Accident: A Cross-Sectional Study within and outside Fukushima Prefecture 福岛事故后居民对智能手机应用促进对辐射暴露了解的认知:福岛县内外的横断面研究
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00073
Y. Kuroda, Jun Goto, H. Yoshida, Takeshi Takahashi
Background: We conducted a cross-sectional study of residents within and outside Fukushima Prefecture to clarify their perceptions of the need for smartphone applications (apps) for explaining exposure doses. The results will lead to more effective methods for identifying target groups for future app development by researchers and municipalities, which will promote residents’ understanding of radiological situations. Materials and Methods: In November 2019, 400 people in Fukushima Prefecture and 400 people outside were surveyed via a web-based questionnaire. In addition to basic characteristics, survey items included concerns about radiation levels and intention to use a smartphone app to keep track of exposure. The analysis was conducted by stratifying responses in each region and then cross-tabulating responses to concerns about radiation levels and intention to use an app by demographic variables. The intention to use an app was analyzed by binomial logistic regression analysis. Text-mining analyses were conducted in KH Coder software. Results and Discussion: Outside Fukushima Prefecture, concerns about the medical exposure of women to radiation exceeded 30%. Within the prefecture, the medical exposure of women, purchasing food products, and consumption of own-grown food were the main concerns. Within the prefecture, having children under the age of 18, the experience of measurement, and having experience of evacuation were significantly related to the intention to use an app. Conclusion: Regional and individual differences were evident. Since respondents differ, it is necessary to develop and promote app use in accordance with their needs and with phases of reconstruction. We expect that a suitable app will not only collect data but also connect local service providers and residents, while protecting personal information.
背景:我们对福岛县内外的居民进行了一项横断面研究,以澄清他们对智能手机应用程序解释暴露剂量的需求的看法。研究结果将为研究人员和市政当局确定未来应用程序开发的目标群体提供更有效的方法,这将促进居民对放射性情况的了解。材料与方法:2019年11月,福岛县400人和福岛县400人通过网络问卷进行了调查。除了基本特征外,调查项目还包括对辐射水平的担忧,以及使用智能手机应用程序跟踪辐射情况的意愿。这项分析是通过对每个地区的反应进行分层,然后将对辐射水平的担忧和使用应用程序的意向的反应按人口变量交叉制成表格进行的。使用应用程序的意向采用二项逻辑回归分析。在KH Coder软件中进行文本挖掘分析。结果和讨论:在福岛县以外,对妇女医疗暴露于辐射的担忧超过30%。在县内,妇女的医疗暴露、购买食品和消费自己种植的食品是主要问题。在县内,是否有18岁以下儿童、是否有测量经历、是否有疏散经历与应用程序使用意愿显著相关。结论:区域和个体差异明显。由于受访者不同,有必要根据他们的需求和重建阶段来开发和促进应用程序的使用。我们希望一个合适的应用程序不仅可以收集数据,还可以连接当地服务提供商和居民,同时保护个人信息。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of a Model for Estimating Individual External Dose Based on Ambient Dose Equivalent and Life Patterns 基于环境剂量当量和生活模式估计个人外剂量的模型的验证
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00290
R. Sato, K. Yoshimura, Y. Sanada, Tetsuro Sato
Background: After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident, a model was developed to estimate the external exposure doses for residents who were expected to return to their homes after evacuation orders were lifted. However, the model’s accuracy and uncer-tainties in parameters used to estimate external doses have not been evaluated. Materials and Methods: The model estimates effective doses based on the integrated ambient dose equivalent ( H * (10)) and life patterns, considering a dose reduction factor to estimate the indoor H * (10) and a conversion factor from H * (10) to the effective dose. Because personal dose equivalent ( H p (10)) has been reported to agree well with the effective dose after the FDNPS accident, this study validates the model’s accuracy by comparing the estimated effective doses with H p (10). The H p (10) and life pattern data were collected for 36 adult participants who lived or worked near the FDNPS in 2019. Results and Discussion: The estimated effective doses correlated significantly with H p (10); however, the estimated effective doses were lower than H p (10) for indoor sites. A comparison with the measured indoor H * (10) showed that the estimated indoor H * (10) was not underesti-mated. However, the H p (10) to H * (10) ratio indoors, which corresponds to the practical conversion factor from H * (10) to the effective dose, was significantly larger than the same ratio outdoors, meaning that the conversion factor of 0.6 is not appropriate for indoors due to the changes in irradiation geometry and gamma spectra. This could have led to a lower effective dose than H p (10). Conclusion: The estimated effective doses correlated significantly with H p (10), demonstrating the model’s applicability for effective dose estimation. However, the lower value of the effective dose indoors could be because the conversion factor did not reflect the actual environment.
背景:在福岛第一核电站(FDNPS)事故发生后,建立了一个模型来估计疏散命令解除后预计返回家园的居民的外照射剂量。然而,该模型的准确性和用于估计外部剂量的参数的不确定性尚未得到评估。材料和方法:该模型根据综合环境剂量当量(H *(10))和生活模式估算有效剂量,同时考虑估算室内H *(10)的剂量减少因子和从H *(10)到有效剂量的转换因子。由于已报道的个人剂量当量(hp(10))与FDNPS事故后的有效剂量吻合良好,因此本研究通过比较估计的有效剂量与hp(10)来验证模型的准确性。2019年,研究人员收集了36名在FDNPS附近生活或工作的成年参与者的血压(10)和生活模式数据。结果与讨论:估计有效剂量与hp显著相关(10);然而,室内场所的估计有效剂量低于hp(10)。通过与室内实测H *(10)的比较表明,室内H *(10)的估计值没有被低估。然而,室内hp(10)与H *(10)之比(对应于H *(10)与有效剂量的实际换算系数)明显大于室外相同的比值,这意味着由于辐照几何形状和γ谱的变化,0.6的换算系数不适用于室内。这可能导致比hp(10)更低的有效剂量。结论:估算的有效剂量与hp(10)显著相关,表明该模型适用于估算有效剂量。然而,室内有效剂量值较低可能是因为换算因子没有反映实际环境。
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引用次数: 2
Derivation of External Exposure Characteristics of Industrial Radiography Based on Empirical Evidence 基于经验证据的工业射线照相外暴露特性推导
IF 0.5 Q4 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.14407/jrpr.2021.00423
Junik Cho, Euidam Kim, Tae-Eun Kwon, Yoonsun Chung
Background: This study aims to derive the characteristics of each work type for industrial radiography based on empirical evidence through expert advice and a survey of radiation workers of various types of industrial radiography.Materials and Methods: According to a Korean report, work types of industrial radiography are classified into indoor tests, underground pipe tests, tests in a shielded room (radiographic testing [RT] room test), outdoor field tests, and outdoor large structure tests. For each work type, exposure geometry and radiation sources were mainly identified through the expert advice and workers’ survey as reliable empirical evidence.Results and Discussion: The expert advice and survey results were consistent as the proportion of the work types were high in the order of RT room test, outdoor large structure test, underground pipe test, outdoor field test, and indoor test. The outdoor large structure test is the highest exposure risk work type in the industrial radiography. In most types of industrial radiography, radiation workers generally used 192Ir as the main source. In the results of the survey, the portion of sources was high in the order of 192Ir, X-ray generator, 60Co, and 75Se. As the exposure geometry, the antero-posterior geometry is dominant, and the rotational and isotropic geometry should be also considered with the work type.Conclusion: In this study, through expert advice and a survey, the external exposure characteristics for each work type of industrial radiography workers were derived. This information will be used in the reconstruction of organ dose for health effects assessment of Korean radiation workers.
背景:本研究旨在通过专家意见和对各类工业放射摄影放射工作者的调查,基于经验证据得出工业放射摄影各工种的特征。△材料和方法:据韩国的报道,工业射线照相的工作类型分为室内试验、地下管道试验、屏蔽室试验(射线照相试验[RT]室试验)、室外现场试验、室外大型结构试验。对于每个工种,主要通过专家建议和工人调查确定照射几何形状和辐射源,作为可靠的经验证据。结果与讨论:专家意见与调查结果一致,工作类型依次为RT室试验、室外大型结构试验、地下管道试验、室外现场试验、室内试验,所占比例较高。室外大型结构试验是工业射线照相中暴露风险最高的工作类型。在大多数类型的工业放射照相术中,放射工作者通常使用192Ir作为主要来源。在调查结果中,192Ir、x射线发生器、60Co、75Se的来源比例较高。暴露几何形态以前后几何形态为主,转动几何形态和各向同性几何形态也应与工作类型相结合。结论:本研究通过专家咨询和问卷调查,得出了工业放射技师各工种的外暴露特征。这些信息将用于重建器官剂量,以评估韩国辐射工作人员的健康影响。
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Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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