Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-121-130
V. Kondratiev
The U.S. economy and especially its manufacturing sector, is highly dependent on the supply of raw and semifinished materials. While the United States have extensive mineral resources and are a leading global materials producer, a high percent of many materials that are critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported. The so-called critical minerals are central to the manufacture of a wide range of high-tech products. These include mobile phones, computers, flat-screen monitors, solar panels, rechargeable batteries, air conditioners and defense industry technologies and products. Critical minerals play a significant role in USA national security, renewable energy development and infrastructure. The article provides an overview of trends in mineral supply risks and the critical factors that determine the mineral supply chain risks.
{"title":"The Role of Critical Raw Materials in US Economy","authors":"V. Kondratiev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-121-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-121-130","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. economy and especially its manufacturing sector, is highly dependent on the supply of raw and semifinished materials. While the United States have extensive mineral resources and are a leading global materials producer, a high percent of many materials that are critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported. The so-called critical minerals are central to the manufacture of a wide range of high-tech products. These include mobile phones, computers, flat-screen monitors, solar panels, rechargeable batteries, air conditioners and defense industry technologies and products. Critical minerals play a significant role in USA national security, renewable energy development and infrastructure. The article provides an overview of trends in mineral supply risks and the critical factors that determine the mineral supply chain risks.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44282575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-131-134
D. V. Khosoev
Operation of mining equipment has been analyzed at coal, diamond mining and other min-ing enterprises in conditions of cryolithic zones. Hydraulic breakers, dynamic buckets on ex-cavators, rippers on bulldozers, bar cutters, continuous mining machines, and in some cases, rotary mechanical shovel are used in blast-free mining. It is noted that the hydraulic shovels are characterized with high excavation forces, can be used in selective mining, can clean the foot wall without using a bulldozer, and can reduce or sometimes completely eliminate drill-ing and blasting operations. Boundary values of the face slope angle depending on the ambi-ent temperatures were established during the tests of RS-5500 at the Neryungrinsky open pit mine. Its value is equal to 46º in positive temperature; while during the interseasonal pe-riods the value stands at 60º, and in conditions of extremely low temperatures this value reaches 72º. Experience of using the LIEBHERR hydraulic shovels in building stone quarries shows that the uniaxial compressive strength of the rocks developed without blast pre-conditioning can reach 20-150 MPa. The Caterpillar company proposed a technology for ripping and excavating rocks (up to hard rocks) with quickly replaceable attachment tools. Based on analyzing physical and mechanical properties of the overburden rocks and coal at the deposit with account of cutting forces of the working tool, Mining Institute of the North of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences justified the possibility of using and es-tablished estimated performance parameters of the KCM-2000P Continuous Miner for the rocks and coals of the Elga deposit. Taking into account mining and geological conditions and rock properties of the Elga deposit, specialists of Wirtgen International GmbH calculated the technical and economic parameters of coal and overburden excavation using the Wirtgen 4200SM Surface Miners with loading into the 130-ton dump trucks.
分析了煤炭、金刚石等矿山企业在低温岩屑带条件下的采矿设备运行情况。液压破碎机、采空器上的动态铲斗、推土机上的抛石机、棒材切割机、连续采矿机，在某些情况下，旋转机械铲用于无爆炸采矿。值得注意的是，液压铲的特点是挖掘力大，可用于选择性采矿，无需使用推土机即可清洁底壁，并可减少或有时完全取消钻孔和爆破作业。在Neryungrinsky露天矿进行RS-5500测试期间，确定了取决于环境温度的工作面倾角的边界值。其值等于正温度下的46º；而在季节间，该值为60º，在极低温条件下，该值达到72º。LIEBHERR液压铲在建筑采石场的使用经验表明，未经爆破预处理的岩石单轴抗压强度可达20-150MPa。卡特彼勒公司提出了一种使用可快速更换的连接工具挖掘岩石（高达坚硬岩石）的技术。在分析矿床覆盖层岩石和煤的物理力学性质的基础上，考虑到工作工具的切削力，俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚北部分院采矿研究所证明了使用KCM-2000P连续采矿机对Elga矿床岩石和煤炭进行开采的可能性，并编制了其估计性能参数。考虑到Elga矿床的采矿、地质条件和岩石特性，Wirtgen International GmbH的专家使用Wirtgen 4200SM露天采矿机计算了煤炭和覆盖层开挖的技术和经济参数，装载到130吨自卸卡车中。
{"title":"Analysis of applying blast-free technologies in conditions of cryolithic zones","authors":"D. V. Khosoev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-131-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-131-134","url":null,"abstract":"Operation of mining equipment has been analyzed at coal, diamond mining and other min-ing enterprises in conditions of cryolithic zones. Hydraulic breakers, dynamic buckets on ex-cavators, rippers on bulldozers, bar cutters, continuous mining machines, and in some cases, rotary mechanical shovel are used in blast-free mining. It is noted that the hydraulic shovels are characterized with high excavation forces, can be used in selective mining, can clean the foot wall without using a bulldozer, and can reduce or sometimes completely eliminate drill-ing and blasting operations. Boundary values of the face slope angle depending on the ambi-ent temperatures were established during the tests of RS-5500 at the Neryungrinsky open pit mine. Its value is equal to 46º in positive temperature; while during the interseasonal pe-riods the value stands at 60º, and in conditions of extremely low temperatures this value reaches 72º. Experience of using the LIEBHERR hydraulic shovels in building stone quarries shows that the uniaxial compressive strength of the rocks developed without blast pre-conditioning can reach 20-150 MPa. The Caterpillar company proposed a technology for ripping and excavating rocks (up to hard rocks) with quickly replaceable attachment tools. Based on analyzing physical and mechanical properties of the overburden rocks and coal at the deposit with account of cutting forces of the working tool, Mining Institute of the North of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences justified the possibility of using and es-tablished estimated performance parameters of the KCM-2000P Continuous Miner for the rocks and coals of the Elga deposit. Taking into account mining and geological conditions and rock properties of the Elga deposit, specialists of Wirtgen International GmbH calculated the technical and economic parameters of coal and overburden excavation using the Wirtgen 4200SM Surface Miners with loading into the 130-ton dump trucks.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49372923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-105-111
V. Golik, A. Titova
Relevance. One of the challenges in the development of mining and processing technologies for solid metal resources is the insufficient use of the metal mining technologies in underground development of ore deposits. The purpose of the study. By analyzing the aspects of mining production, to determine the priority directions in the extraction and enrichment of metal ores based on the combination of technologies for the development of deposits. Research methods. Analysis of the efficiency indicators of mining production using information about the improvement of technologies in the past. Forecasting the ways of development and detailing the concept of breakthrough improvement of the processes of extraction and processing of solid geo-resources in the present and future. The results of the study. Information is provided on the completeness of extraction of metal ores from the subsurface and their use in enrichment. The importance of recycling metal-containing waste as technogenic geo-resources is shown, and the current state of this problem is characterized. A breakthrough direction of strengthening the geo-resource base of mainly non-ferrous metallurgy is formulated – the leaching of metals from ores in underground blocks and activators of the disintegrator type during the combination of traditional and new technology. The information obtained experimentally about new technologies with a description of their advantages is given. The problems of strengthening the geo-resource base of industry are formulated. Economic models are proposed to determine the efficiency of combining extraction and processing technologies. Conclusions. The assessment of the regularities of the development of technologies for the extraction and enrichment of solid metal geo-resources is possible on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of aspects of mining production. The priority direction of extraction and enrichment of solid metal geo-resources is the combination of traditional and new technologies.
{"title":"Improving the metallurgical resource base through combining ore mining technologies","authors":"V. Golik, A. Titova","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-105-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-105-111","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. One of the challenges in the development of mining and processing technologies for solid metal resources is the insufficient use of the metal mining technologies in underground development of ore deposits. The purpose of the study. By analyzing the aspects of mining production, to determine the priority directions in the extraction and enrichment of metal ores based on the combination of technologies for the development of deposits. Research methods. Analysis of the efficiency indicators of mining production using information about the improvement of technologies in the past. Forecasting the ways of development and detailing the concept of breakthrough improvement of the processes of extraction and processing of solid geo-resources in the present and future. The results of the study. Information is provided on the completeness of extraction of metal ores from the subsurface and their use in enrichment. The importance of recycling metal-containing waste as technogenic geo-resources is shown, and the current state of this problem is characterized. A breakthrough direction of strengthening the geo-resource base of mainly non-ferrous metallurgy is formulated – the leaching of metals from ores in underground blocks and activators of the disintegrator type during the combination of traditional and new technology. The information obtained experimentally about new technologies with a description of their advantages is given. The problems of strengthening the geo-resource base of industry are formulated. Economic models are proposed to determine the efficiency of combining extraction and processing technologies. Conclusions. The assessment of the regularities of the development of technologies for the extraction and enrichment of solid metal geo-resources is possible on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of aspects of mining production. The priority direction of extraction and enrichment of solid metal geo-resources is the combination of traditional and new technologies.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47758953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-135-138
A. Potokin, V. Kolobov
Data on the general and specific energy characteristics of the electric pulse impact on rock samples of mining and processing plants of the Murmansk region, allowing to determine the required amount of energy in a pulse to achieve the effect of maximum release of useful components were obtained. The data of chemical analysis of rocks before and after electric pulse disintegration confirm the high efficiency of using the method to increase the release of useful components from rock samples of mining and processing plants were obtained. The results of the scientific work laid the foundation for research and development work by evaluating the effectiveness of the use of an electric pulse method on various rocks enriched at mining and processing plants for creation of an industrial electric pulse installation for mining processing plants.
{"title":"Study of rocks from mining processing plants of the Murmansk region by use electric pulse disintegration materials method","authors":"A. Potokin, V. Kolobov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-135-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-135-138","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the general and specific energy characteristics of the electric pulse impact on rock samples of mining and processing plants of the Murmansk region, allowing to determine the required amount of energy in a pulse to achieve the effect of maximum release of useful components were obtained. The data of chemical analysis of rocks before and after electric pulse disintegration confirm the high efficiency of using the method to increase the release of useful components from rock samples of mining and processing plants were obtained. The results of the scientific work laid the foundation for research and development work by evaluating the effectiveness of the use of an electric pulse method on various rocks enriched at mining and processing plants for creation of an industrial electric pulse installation for mining processing plants.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44155899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-139-143
A. Potokin, A. Pak
Insufficient attention is currently paid to experimental studies aimed to assess the rock strength. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the changes in rock properties in the main fracture zone under compression and stretching conditions. The research paper reviews methods to assess fracture activity in mine workings prone to rock bursts. The possibility of detecting near-fracture changes in the rock mass of the mine workings has been determined using acoustic and electromagnetic emission detection devices (equipment) currently available on the market. Work has been carried out to determine acoustic emission (AE) and electromagnetic radiation (EMR) parameters during uniaxial and triaxial loading of rock samples.
{"title":"Methods for determining rockburst in mining workings","authors":"A. Potokin, A. Pak","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-139-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-139-143","url":null,"abstract":"Insufficient attention is currently paid to experimental studies aimed to assess the rock strength. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to study the changes in rock properties in the main fracture zone under compression and stretching conditions. The research paper reviews methods to assess fracture activity in mine workings prone to rock bursts. The possibility of detecting near-fracture changes in the rock mass of the mine workings has been determined using acoustic and electromagnetic emission detection devices (equipment) currently available on the market. Work has been carried out to determine acoustic emission (AE) and electromagnetic radiation (EMR) parameters during uniaxial and triaxial loading of rock samples.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47530130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-74-78
S. Lukichev, O. Nagovitsyn
The main modern trend that determines the development direction of the mining technology is the digitalization of both the engineering support tools for mining operations and the means of controlling the technological processes of mining production. The process of digital transformation has a rather long history, but in recent years, due to the rapid development of computer technology, software and communication tools, it has reached a level that allows making a qualitative leap in the mining technology itself. Digital technologies make it possible not only to combine data and models in a single digital space, but also to give them dynamics, turning models into a digital likeness of real objects. Thus, the way of organizing the digital space of a mining enterprise largely determines the level of digital transformation of production. There are four main stages in the digital transformation of the mining industry: from automating the solution of individual tasks to the digital twin of a mining enterprise. The presence of a single digital space at the enterprise makes it possible to implement a number of promising digital technologies that provide a qualitatively new level of mining management and ensuring their safety. The most important issue of the digital transformation of the mining industry, especially in the context of sanctions, is to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country. The current situation in the field of software shows the other side of globalization, which, in fact, has led to monopolization of the Russian market by the Western software companies. The solution to this problem is the transition to domestic software. And this is not only the task of the state, but also that of enterprises interested in the stable functioning of their industries and the growth of qualifications of their employees, because domestic developers rely primarily on the knowledge and experience of Russian specialists, involving them in the innovation process.
{"title":"Digital transformation and technological independence of the mining industry","authors":"S. Lukichev, O. Nagovitsyn","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-74-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-74-78","url":null,"abstract":"The main modern trend that determines the development direction of the mining technology is the digitalization of both the engineering support tools for mining operations and the means of controlling the technological processes of mining production. The process of digital transformation has a rather long history, but in recent years, due to the rapid development of computer technology, software and communication tools, it has reached a level that allows making a qualitative leap in the mining technology itself. Digital technologies make it possible not only to combine data and models in a single digital space, but also to give them dynamics, turning models into a digital likeness of real objects. Thus, the way of organizing the digital space of a mining enterprise largely determines the level of digital transformation of production. There are four main stages in the digital transformation of the mining industry: from automating the solution of individual tasks to the digital twin of a mining enterprise. The presence of a single digital space at the enterprise makes it possible to implement a number of promising digital technologies that provide a qualitatively new level of mining management and ensuring their safety. The most important issue of the digital transformation of the mining industry, especially in the context of sanctions, is to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country. The current situation in the field of software shows the other side of globalization, which, in fact, has led to monopolization of the Russian market by the Western software companies. The solution to this problem is the transition to domestic software. And this is not only the task of the state, but also that of enterprises interested in the stable functioning of their industries and the growth of qualifications of their employees, because domestic developers rely primarily on the knowledge and experience of Russian specialists, involving them in the innovation process.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-99-104
R. Shevchuk, A. Manevich, D. Akmatov, D. Urmanov, A. Shakirov
This article gives an overview of available methods and techniques for geodynamic monitoring, such as the high-precision geometric re-leveling, high-precision linear-angular constructions, high-precision distance measurements, laser scanning, global navigation satellite systems, laser interferometers and strainmeters, radar satellite interferometry. The experience of applying these technologies in different physiographic regions is also described. The tools used in measurements, which provide the maximum achievable accuracy of methods in modern conditions, are demonstrated. A table is made with the summary characteristic of instrumental methods to measure the parameters of current movements of the Earth crust. On the basis of the performed comparative analysis of modern methods, techniques and technical means for execution of geodynamic monitoring, the most effective ones have been chosen from the methods listed above. Such methods include methods of high-precision geometric levelling of I and II classes, as well as the global navigation satellite systems. Complex use of these methods will allow to obtain reliable data about the geodynamic situation of the investigated area.
{"title":"Modern methods, techniques and technical means of monitoring movements of the Earth crust","authors":"R. Shevchuk, A. Manevich, D. Akmatov, D. Urmanov, A. Shakirov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-99-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-5-99-104","url":null,"abstract":"This article gives an overview of available methods and techniques for geodynamic monitoring, such as the high-precision geometric re-leveling, high-precision linear-angular constructions, high-precision distance measurements, laser scanning, global navigation satellite systems, laser interferometers and strainmeters, radar satellite interferometry. The experience of applying these technologies in different physiographic regions is also described. The tools used in measurements, which provide the maximum achievable accuracy of methods in modern conditions, are demonstrated. A table is made with the summary characteristic of instrumental methods to measure the parameters of current movements of the Earth crust. On the basis of the performed comparative analysis of modern methods, techniques and technical means for execution of geodynamic monitoring, the most effective ones have been chosen from the methods listed above. Such methods include methods of high-precision geometric levelling of I and II classes, as well as the global navigation satellite systems. Complex use of these methods will allow to obtain reliable data about the geodynamic situation of the investigated area.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42669151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-103-108
V. Galkin, S. Andreyko, N. Litvinovskaya, S. Galkin, T. Lyalina
The paper presents the results of studying halopelite content in the B–V rock salt layer in conditions of the Verkhnekamsk potassium-magnesium salt deposit in terms of gas-dynamic hazard during mining of the AB potassium layer. Presence of halopelite bands in the interformational B-V rock salt layer is considered as the factor which causes reduction of both rock tensile strength and cohesion between individual rock layers in the roof of the mine workings that leads to its intensive exfoliation. In case of free gas accumulation or its infiltration from the enclosing rocks into the formed voids this can cause gas-dynamic phenomena, i.e. the roof rocks collapse accompanied by gas emission. Forecasting of the gas-dynamic hazards is extremely important both in mining of potash beds and in the development of oil and potash deposits that coincide laterally. In the course of the research, the content of halopelite within the B-V rock salt formation was taken into account using such a quantitative indicator as the content of water insoluble residue (IR). Analysis of statistical dependence of insoluble residue content as a quantitative characteristic of halopelite content in the B–V formation with the other formation characteristics such as calcium sulphate content, formation thickness and absolute roof elevation was performed. The regression equations were obtained that characterize the correlation relations between the IR and CaSO4, IR and Hcr with regard to the three studied options. Analysis of correlation coefficient values was executed between the IR by CaSO4, as well as the type of the regression equations for free and angular members.
{"title":"Studies of halopelite content in the B-V rock salt layer of the Verkhnekamsk potassium-magnesium salt deposit","authors":"V. Galkin, S. Andreyko, N. Litvinovskaya, S. Galkin, T. Lyalina","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-103-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-103-108","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studying halopelite content in the B–V rock salt layer in conditions of the Verkhnekamsk potassium-magnesium salt deposit in terms of gas-dynamic hazard during mining of the AB potassium layer. Presence of halopelite bands in the interformational B-V rock salt layer is considered as the factor which causes reduction of both rock tensile strength and cohesion between individual rock layers in the roof of the mine workings that leads to its intensive exfoliation. In case of free gas accumulation or its infiltration from the enclosing rocks into the formed voids this can cause gas-dynamic phenomena, i.e. the roof rocks collapse accompanied by gas emission. Forecasting of the gas-dynamic hazards is extremely important both in mining of potash beds and in the development of oil and potash deposits that coincide laterally. In the course of the research, the content of halopelite within the B-V rock salt formation was taken into account using such a quantitative indicator as the content of water insoluble residue (IR). Analysis of statistical dependence of insoluble residue content as a quantitative characteristic of halopelite content in the B–V formation with the other formation characteristics such as calcium sulphate content, formation thickness and absolute roof elevation was performed. The regression equations were obtained that characterize the correlation relations between the IR and CaSO4, IR and Hcr with regard to the three studied options. Analysis of correlation coefficient values was executed between the IR by CaSO4, as well as the type of the regression equations for free and angular members.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47182030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-82-87
V. Golik, A. Titova
Relevance. The efficiency of mining operations depends on the level of ore losses and dilution and it can be increased by improving the mining and ore processing methods, therefore research in this area is both timely and relevant. The purpose of this study is to improve the performance indicators of mining of minerals by modelling the technological parameters. The subject of the research are hard rock ore deposits developed by mining companies in various sectors of the national economy. Methods. Systematization and system analysis of the mining performance indicators, economic and mathematical modeling with technology assessment as well as engineering predictions of the prospects to solve the challenge based on the combination of traditional mining systems. Results. The paper presents the results of modelling mining performance indicators using a specific mining operation as an example. A system analysis of mining performance indicators has been performed for metal deposits as well as for performance criteria of the mining companies. Principles for combining traditional mining systems are formulated based on minimization of technologically unconditioned volumes of rocks. A methodology to optimize the options for combining technologies is presented. A correlation mechanism has been established between the quality of mined ores and geodynamic processes. A concept of optimum control is proposed as well as a solid discrete medium model which allows to control the stresses using technological techniques.
{"title":"Modelling of mining performance indicators for the Sadon ore deposits","authors":"V. Golik, A. Titova","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-82-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-82-87","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The efficiency of mining operations depends on the level of ore losses and dilution and it can be increased by improving the mining and ore processing methods, therefore research in this area is both timely and relevant. The purpose of this study is to improve the performance indicators of mining of minerals by modelling the technological parameters. The subject of the research are hard rock ore deposits developed by mining companies in various sectors of the national economy. Methods. Systematization and system analysis of the mining performance indicators, economic and mathematical modeling with technology assessment as well as engineering predictions of the prospects to solve the challenge based on the combination of traditional mining systems. Results. The paper presents the results of modelling mining performance indicators using a specific mining operation as an example. A system analysis of mining performance indicators has been performed for metal deposits as well as for performance criteria of the mining companies. Principles for combining traditional mining systems are formulated based on minimization of technologically unconditioned volumes of rocks. A methodology to optimize the options for combining technologies is presented. A correlation mechanism has been established between the quality of mined ores and geodynamic processes. A concept of optimum control is proposed as well as a solid discrete medium model which allows to control the stresses using technological techniques.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43550820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-88-92
I. V. Zyrianov, A. Ivanov, V. N. Yakovlev
The paper presents the results of experimental studies to recover diamonds with anomalous luminescence kinetics from deposits in Western Yakutia. The characteristics of diamond luminescence are analyzed and a new algorithm for detecting Type IIa diamonds is implemented. Calculations were carried out to select the optimum X-ray tube settings for fluorescence excitation. The results of upgrading the existing equipment and introducing newly manufactured X-ray luminescence separators by equipping them with an optional upgrade kit at ALROSA's concentration facilities are presented. Upgrading with minimal capital investment, i.e. software modification, made it possible to promptly implement recovery of the high-value anomalous diamonds. Pilot technological workflows for extraction of Type IIa diamonds showed presence of these diamonds in the deposits developed by the Aikhal, Nyurba, Udachny and Lomonosov mining and processing plants. The Udachny site was found to have particularly valuable diamond specimens. Monitoring of recovery of Type IIa diamonds greater than 5 mm in size has shown that the increase in marketable products is estimated at about USD 5 million annually.
{"title":"Recovery of diamonds with anomalous luminescence kinetics: results of experimental studies","authors":"I. V. Zyrianov, A. Ivanov, V. N. Yakovlev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-88-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2022-4-88-92","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of experimental studies to recover diamonds with anomalous luminescence kinetics from deposits in Western Yakutia. The characteristics of diamond luminescence are analyzed and a new algorithm for detecting Type IIa diamonds is implemented. Calculations were carried out to select the optimum X-ray tube settings for fluorescence excitation. The results of upgrading the existing equipment and introducing newly manufactured X-ray luminescence separators by equipping them with an optional upgrade kit at ALROSA's concentration facilities are presented. Upgrading with minimal capital investment, i.e. software modification, made it possible to promptly implement recovery of the high-value anomalous diamonds. Pilot technological workflows for extraction of Type IIa diamonds showed presence of these diamonds in the deposits developed by the Aikhal, Nyurba, Udachny and Lomonosov mining and processing plants. The Udachny site was found to have particularly valuable diamond specimens. Monitoring of recovery of Type IIa diamonds greater than 5 mm in size has shown that the increase in marketable products is estimated at about USD 5 million annually.","PeriodicalId":36119,"journal":{"name":"Gornaya Promyshlennost","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48400914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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