Pub Date : 2024-10-19eCollection Date: 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100717
Dong Niu, Yulong Yin
{"title":"The initiative for consensus and standards in pig-to-human xenotransplantation in China.","authors":"Dong Niu, Yulong Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100717","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"5 6","pages":"100717"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19eCollection Date: 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100718
Eric Edelman, Fabian Tijssen, Popke Rein Munniksma, Wim Bast, Harold Ten Bohmer, Nicole van Eldik, Marieke Spreeuwenberg, Wolfgang Buhre, Frits van Merode
{"title":"Clinical knowledge modeling: An essential step in the digital transformation of healthcare.","authors":"Eric Edelman, Fabian Tijssen, Popke Rein Munniksma, Wim Bast, Harold Ten Bohmer, Nicole van Eldik, Marieke Spreeuwenberg, Wolfgang Buhre, Frits van Merode","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"5 6","pages":"100718"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. When the BRAF gene mutates, it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway, which promotes cell proliferation, inhibits cell apoptosis, and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer. BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers, including malignant melanoma, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and hairy cell leukemia, among others. BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors, and targeted combination therapies, represented by BRAF inhibitors, have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors. Dabrafenib plus trametinib, as the first tumor-agnostic therapy, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older harboring a BRAF V600E mutation with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors that have progressed following prior treatment and who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options. This is also the first time a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination has been approved for use in pediatric patients. As research into the diagnosis and treatment of BRAF mutations advances, standardizing the detection of BRAF mutations and the clinical application of BRAF inhibitors becomes increasingly important. Therefore, we have established a universal and systematic strategy for diagnosing and treating solid tumors with BRAF mutations. In this expert consensus, we (1) summarize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of BRAF mutations in different solid tumors, (2) provide recommendations for the selection of genetic testing methods and platforms, and (3) establish a universal strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with solid tumors harboring BRAF mutations.
{"title":"Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors with BRAF mutations.","authors":"Wenxian Wang, Bin Lian, Chunwei Xu, Qian Wang, Ziming Li, Nan Zheng, Aijun Liu, Jinpu Yu, Wenzhao Zhong, Zhijie Wang, Yongchang Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Shirong Zhang, Xiuyu Cai, Anwen Liu, Wen Li, Lili Mao, Ping Zhan, Hongbing Liu, Tangfeng Lv, Liyun Miao, Lingfeng Min, Yu Chen, Jingping Yuan, Feng Wang, Zhansheng Jiang, Gen Lin, Long Huang, Xingxiang Pu, Rongbo Lin, Weifeng Liu, Chuangzhou Rao, Dongqing Lv, Zongyang Yu, Xiaoyan Li, Chuanhao Tang, Chengzhi Zhou, Junping Zhang, Junli Xue, Hui Guo, Qian Chu, Rui Meng, Xuewen Liu, Jingxun Wu, Rui Zhang, Jin Zhou, Zhengfei Zhu, Yongheng Li, Hong Qiu, Fan Xia, Yuanyuan Lu, Xiaofeng Chen, Jian Feng, Rui Ge, Enyong Dai, Yu Han, Weiwei Pan, Fei Pang, Xin Huang, Meizhen Hu, Qing Hao, Kai Wang, Fan Wu, Binbin Song, Bingwei Xu, Liping Wang, Youcai Zhu, Li Lin, Yanru Xie, Xinqing Lin, Jing Cai, Ling Xu, Jisheng Li, Xiaodong Jiao, Kainan Li, Jia Wei, Huijing Feng, Lin Wang, Yingying Du, Wang Yao, Xuefei Shi, Xiaomin Niu, Dongmei Yuan, Yanwen Yao, Jianhui Huang, Yue Feng, Yinbin Zhang, Pingli Sun, Hong Wang, Mingxiang Ye, Dong Wang, Zhaofeng Wang, Yue Hao, Zhen Wang, Bin Wan, Donglai Lv, Shengjie Yang, Jin Kang, Jiatao Zhang, Chao Zhang, Wenfeng Li, Jianfei Fu, Lizhi Wu, Shijie Lan, Juanjuan Ou, Lin Shi, Zhanqiang Zhai, Yina Wang, Bihui Li, Zhang Zhang, Ke Wang, Xuelei Ma, Zhongwu Li, Zhefeng Liu, Nong Yang, Lin Wu, Huijuan Wang, Gu Jin, Guansong Wang, Jiandong Wang, Hubing Shi, Meiyu Fang, Yong Fang, Yuan Li, Xiaojia Wang, Jing Chen, Yiping Zhang, Xixu Zhu, Yi Shen, Shenglin Ma, Biyun Wang, Yong Song, Zhengbo Song, Wenfeng Fang, Yuanzhi Lu, Lu Si","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The BRAF gene is an important signaling molecule in human cells that is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. When the BRAF gene mutates, it can lead to abnormal activation of the signaling pathway, which promotes cell proliferation, inhibits cell apoptosis, and ultimately contributes to the occurrence and development of cancer. BRAF mutations are widely present in various cancers, including malignant melanoma, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and hairy cell leukemia, among others. BRAF is an important target for the treatment of various solid tumors, and targeted combination therapies, represented by BRAF inhibitors, have become one of the main treatment modalities for a variety of BRAF-mutation-positive solid tumors. Dabrafenib plus trametinib, as the first tumor-agnostic therapy, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older harboring a BRAF V600E mutation with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors that have progressed following prior treatment and who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options. This is also the first time a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination has been approved for use in pediatric patients. As research into the diagnosis and treatment of BRAF mutations advances, standardizing the detection of BRAF mutations and the clinical application of BRAF inhibitors becomes increasingly important. Therefore, we have established a universal and systematic strategy for diagnosing and treating solid tumors with BRAF mutations. In this expert consensus, we (1) summarize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of BRAF mutations in different solid tumors, (2) provide recommendations for the selection of genetic testing methods and platforms, and (3) establish a universal strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with solid tumors harboring BRAF mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"5 6","pages":"100661"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11eCollection Date: 2024-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100714
Nan Xu, Wenyu Li, Peng Gong, Hui Lu
{"title":"Satellite altimeter observed surface water increase across lake-rich regions of the Arctic.","authors":"Nan Xu, Wenyu Li, Peng Gong, Hui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"5 6","pages":"100714"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although essential for cardiovascular therapy, the pleiotropic effects of statins on ischemic stroke lack clinical evidence. This study examined the effects of statins beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels on mortality and stroke severity. A total of 825,874 patients with ischemic stroke were included in this study, of whom 125,650 statin users were 1:1 matched with non-users based on their LDL-C levels (±0.05 mmol/L), forming the LDL-C-matched cohort. Associations between preceding statin treatment, in-hospital mortality, and stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥16) were estimated by multivariate and conditional logistic regression models in overall cohort and LDL-C-matched cohort, respectively. The overall statin effects reduced in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.79, p < 0.001) and moderate-to-severe stroke (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.96, p < 0.001). After matching for LDL-C levels, the reduction in mortality persisted (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77, p < 0.001) but not for moderate-to-severe stroke (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.90-1.02, p = 0.215). Stratified by LDL-C levels, the effects of statin beyond LDL-C in reducing mortality remained consistent across all LDL-C ranges but increased with LDL-C reduction for stroke severity and achieved statistical significance at LDL-C <2.60 mmol/L. Mediation analyses showed that LDL-C reduction explained 0.35% (95% CI: 0.23-0.93, p = 0.235) of the statin treatment-mortality relationship and 12.47% (95% CI: 6.78-18.16, p < 0.001) for moderate-to-severe stroke. When examining the overall statin efficacy, LDL-C <2.60 mmol/L was not necessary for mortality reduction but for reducing stroke severity. The efficacy of statins in ischemic stroke outcomes is primarily derived from their effects beyond the LDL-C levels, suggesting that their neuroprotective effects should be considered in addition to their lipid-lowering effects.
虽然他汀类药物对心血管治疗至关重要，但其对缺血性中风的多效应却缺乏临床证据。本研究探讨了他汀类药物超出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平对死亡率和中风严重程度的影响。本研究共纳入了 825,874 例缺血性中风患者，其中 125,650 例他汀类药物使用者与非使用者根据其低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（±0.05 mmol/L）进行了 1:1 匹配，形成了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇匹配队列。在总体队列和 LDL-C 匹配队列中，分别采用多变量和条件逻辑回归模型估计了之前他汀类药物治疗、院内死亡率和中风严重程度（美国国立卫生研究院中风量表评分≥16 分）之间的关系。他汀类药物的总体效果降低了院内死亡率（几率比 [OR]：0.72，95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.65-0.79，P P P = 0.215）。按 LDL-C 水平分层，他汀类药物超出 LDL-C 降低死亡率的效果在所有 LDL-C 范围内保持一致，但随着 LDL-C 降低，卒中严重程度增加，在 LDL-C p = 0.235 时，他汀类药物治疗与死亡率的关系达到统计学显著性，他汀类药物治疗与死亡率的关系达到 12.47% (95% CI: 6.78-18.16, p = 0.235)。
{"title":"Beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels: Impact of prior statin treatment on ischemic stroke outcomes.","authors":"Zi-Mo Chen, Jing-Lin Mo, Kai-Xuan Yang, Ying-Yu Jiang, Chun-Juan Wang, Xin Yang, Yong Jiang, Xia Meng, Jie Xu, Hao Li, Li-Ping Liu, Yi-Long Wang, Xing-Quan Zhao, Yong-Jun Wang, Hong-Qiu Gu, Zi-Xiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although essential for cardiovascular therapy, the pleiotropic effects of statins on ischemic stroke lack clinical evidence. This study examined the effects of statins beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels on mortality and stroke severity. A total of 825,874 patients with ischemic stroke were included in this study, of whom 125,650 statin users were 1:1 matched with non-users based on their LDL-C levels (±0.05 mmol/L), forming the LDL-C-matched cohort. Associations between preceding statin treatment, in-hospital mortality, and stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥16) were estimated by multivariate and conditional logistic regression models in overall cohort and LDL-C-matched cohort, respectively. The overall statin effects reduced in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and moderate-to-severe stroke (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.96, <i>p</i> < 0.001). After matching for LDL-C levels, the reduction in mortality persisted (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.77, <i>p</i> < 0.001) but not for moderate-to-severe stroke (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.90-1.02, <i>p</i> = 0.215). Stratified by LDL-C levels, the effects of statin beyond LDL-C in reducing mortality remained consistent across all LDL-C ranges but increased with LDL-C reduction for stroke severity and achieved statistical significance at LDL-C <2.60 mmol/L. Mediation analyses showed that LDL-C reduction explained 0.35% (95% CI: 0.23-0.93, <i>p</i> = 0.235) of the statin treatment-mortality relationship and 12.47% (95% CI: 6.78-18.16, <i>p</i> < 0.001) for moderate-to-severe stroke. When examining the overall statin efficacy, LDL-C <2.60 mmol/L was not necessary for mortality reduction but for reducing stroke severity. The efficacy of statins in ischemic stroke outcomes is primarily derived from their effects beyond the LDL-C levels, suggesting that their neuroprotective effects should be considered in addition to their lipid-lowering effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"5 6","pages":"100713"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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