{"title":"BOOK REVIEW, Kosher, H. et al. CHILDREN’S RIGHTS AND SOCIAL WORK, Springer Briefs in Rights-Based Approaches to Social Work, 2016, p. 75","authors":"C. Tomescu","doi":"10.35782/JCPP.2021.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/JCPP.2021.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":"21 1","pages":"71-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46503706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A decent standard of living could be defined by covering general biological and social needs at a given time. In the following we will see how different income categories could ensure or not, a decent standard of living in urban and rural areas for the family of adults with dependent children, based on data collected inside the grant GAR-UM-2019-XI-5.5-8/15.10.2019 named 'Decent standard of living forfamilies with school-age children'. The research sample included 173 families with school-age children and data were collected through questionnaires, from 1 April to 30 June 2020. We were interested in several aspects of the life of these families, among which the accessibility of children to currentforms of education;the possibility of asserting the couple's partners and their possibility to aspire to the bestpossible schools for their children;the extent to which parents' rights are respected both in the workplace and in society;their safety at home, at work and on the street. Also, we looked at concerns related to expenditures and satisfaction with daily life of the respondents.
{"title":"ASPIRATIONS, CONCERNS AND PRIORITIES OF FAMILIESWITH SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN","authors":"A. Mihăilescu, Marian Stanciu","doi":"10.35782/JCPP.2021.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/JCPP.2021.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"A decent standard of living could be defined by covering general biological and social needs at a given time. In the following we will see how different income categories could ensure or not, a decent standard of living in urban and rural areas for the family of adults with dependent children, based on data collected inside the grant GAR-UM-2019-XI-5.5-8/15.10.2019 named 'Decent standard of living forfamilies with school-age children'. The research sample included 173 families with school-age children and data were collected through questionnaires, from 1 April to 30 June 2020. We were interested in several aspects of the life of these families, among which the accessibility of children to currentforms of education;the possibility of asserting the couple's partners and their possibility to aspire to the bestpossible schools for their children;the extent to which parents' rights are respected both in the workplace and in society;their safety at home, at work and on the street. Also, we looked at concerns related to expenditures and satisfaction with daily life of the respondents.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":"21 1","pages":"32-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42910426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper tries to understand the nature and extent of inequality across states of India with special reference to Bihar. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources including, NSSO, NFHS and other government/non-government documents and reports. The study analyse inequalities under four themes; livelihood, education, health and gender. The analysis finds that, however some positive changes can be seen in terms of enrolment in primary education, but still productivity of education is lowest in Bihar. State government has invested money in attracting students to government schools, but because of low per capita expenditure on education, access to facilities like computer in schools is the lowest in Bihar. In case of health expenditure people of Bihar has to bear significantly higher per capita out of pocket expenditure. Though, Bihar has achieved higher growth in the last couple of years but, still the level of female empowerment is very low in the state. Thus, this study finds that Bihar is still at lowest position in all four themes across states of India and, people of this state is facing grim challenges related to livelihood, quality education and health.
{"title":"REGIONAL INEQUALITY IN INDIA: A STATE LEVEL ANALYSIS","authors":"A. Pandey, R. Gautam","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tries to understand the nature and extent of inequality across states of India with special reference to Bihar. This study is based on secondary data collected from various sources including, NSSO, NFHS and other government/non-government documents and reports. The study analyse inequalities under four themes; livelihood, education, health and gender. The analysis finds that, however some positive changes can be seen in terms of enrolment in primary education, but still productivity of education is lowest in Bihar. State government has invested money in attracting students to government schools, but because of low per capita expenditure on education, access to facilities like computer in schools is the lowest in Bihar. In case of health expenditure people of Bihar has to bear significantly higher per capita out of pocket expenditure. Though, Bihar has achieved higher growth in the last couple of years but, still the level of female empowerment is very low in the state. Thus, this study finds that Bihar is still at lowest position in all four themes across states of India and, people of this state is facing grim challenges related to livelihood, quality education and health.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44957674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bangladesh is a vast area of rural states. Rural development endeavors for the progress of the value of life in the rural extents with synchronized determinations to expedite the growth, efficiency, and welfare of the populations. Bangladesh is not a beginner in the arena of rural development; somewhat it inbred long years of practices in this arena. Nowadays, rural extents are facing key challenges that arise largely from globalization. The forceful progression of globalization involved in the market economy has been insistently shifting the old thoughts, practices and methods of rural development, predominantly in the developing states like Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD) is a fifty-five years old organization functioning for the rural development sector. A small team of faculty members started the expedition of intense new tracks for development designers and rural development managers with the energetic direction of the first Director Dr. Akhter Hameed Khan. All through the years the academy retained strong effects on rural development. Here, an attempt has been made to measure the performance of BARD in the age of globalization on the ground of Training, Research and Action Research criteria.
{"title":"RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN BANGLADESH: AN ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING, RESEARCH AND ACTION RESEARCH OF BANGLADESH ACADEMY FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT (BARD)","authors":"J. Ferdous","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a vast area of rural states. Rural development endeavors for the progress of the value of life in the rural extents with synchronized determinations to expedite the growth, efficiency, and welfare of the populations. Bangladesh is not a beginner in the arena of rural development; somewhat it inbred long years of practices in this arena. Nowadays, rural extents are facing key challenges that arise largely from globalization. The forceful progression of globalization involved in the market economy has been insistently shifting the old thoughts, practices and methods of rural development, predominantly in the developing states like Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD) is a fifty-five years old organization functioning for the rural development sector. A small team of faculty members started the expedition of intense new tracks for development designers and rural development managers with the energetic direction of the first Director Dr. Akhter Hameed Khan. All through the years the academy retained strong effects on rural development. Here, an attempt has been made to measure the performance of BARD in the age of globalization on the ground of Training, Research and Action Research criteria.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land ownership was and still is one of the most important indicators of wealth, even if the importance of agricultural sector has diminished in the last half of the century, at least in the developed countries. The current status of the Romanian agricultural sector is not only the sum of the agrarian reforms adopted in the nineties, but the result of the agrarian reforms of the past century and a half, with their instances of progress and regression, but, especially, their times of deep rupture. The article is a comparative analysis of the information available from the agricultural censuses of 1948, 2002, and 2010 and the structural investigation of the agricultural sector of 2016, capturing the developments which have taken place in the last 30 years, thus enabling us to draw conclusions as to these developments and the consequences of the post-1990 agrarian reforms. The conclusion is that agricultural holdings are extremely polarized and very fragmented, mostly dwarf in size, economically inefficient, lacking a modern set of agricultural machineries, that determines low quantitative and qualitative productions as a result. This has caused the Romanian rural population to live on the brink of poverty and the agricultural sector to continue to be underdeveloped.
{"title":"ROMANIAN AGRARIAN STRUCTURE AFTER THIRTY YEARS","authors":"Sergiu Țâra","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"Land ownership was and still is one of the most important indicators of wealth, even if the importance of agricultural sector has diminished in the last half of the century, at least in the developed countries. The current status of the Romanian agricultural sector is not only the sum of the agrarian reforms adopted in the nineties, but the result of the agrarian reforms of the past century and a half, with their instances of progress and regression, but, especially, their times of deep rupture. The article is a comparative analysis of the information available from the agricultural censuses of 1948, 2002, and 2010 and the structural investigation of the agricultural sector of 2016, capturing the developments which have taken place in the last 30 years, thus enabling us to draw conclusions as to these developments and the consequences of the post-1990 agrarian reforms. The conclusion is that agricultural holdings are extremely polarized and very fragmented, mostly dwarf in size, economically inefficient, lacking a modern set of agricultural machineries, that determines low quantitative and qualitative productions as a result. This has caused the Romanian rural population to live on the brink of poverty and the agricultural sector to continue to be underdeveloped.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":"20 1","pages":"3-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41714867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The promotion of healthy diets and lifestyles plays an important role in increasing the quality of life, in increasing the life expectancy of the population, in reducing the general morbidity and mortality. The agriculture and food industry sectors have a decisive importance in ensuring the supply of food goods, but equally important are other economic factors that condition the food consumption (population income level, price level, volume and quality of food service supply, habits / opportunities of consumption, preferences and believes, cultural traditions and so on). This article presents some of the main changes registered by the food consumption patterns at global level during the last half of the century. The main chapters of the food consumption patterns considered are the following: the evolution of energetic expression of food consumption, trends in fat consumption, consumption of animal products tendencies, availability and consumption of fish, availability and consumption of fruits and vegetables, the evolution and forecasting of prices. In the concluding chapter is presented also the general expectation regarding food availability and consumption until 2030. The data used here are published by different specialized international institutions like FAO, WHO, WTO or others.
{"title":"EVOLUTION OF FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AT GLOBAL LEVEL OVER THE LAST FIVE DECADES","authors":"Marian Stanciu","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"The promotion of healthy diets and lifestyles plays an important role in increasing the quality of life, in increasing the life expectancy of the population, in reducing the general morbidity and mortality. The agriculture and food industry sectors have a decisive importance in ensuring the supply of food goods, but equally important are other economic factors that condition the food consumption (population income level, price level, volume and quality of food service supply, habits / opportunities of consumption, preferences and believes, cultural traditions and so on). This article presents some of the main changes registered by the food consumption patterns at global level during the last half of the century. The main chapters of the food consumption patterns considered are the following: the evolution of energetic expression of food consumption, trends in fat consumption, consumption of animal products tendencies, availability and consumption of fish, availability and consumption of fruits and vegetables, the evolution and forecasting of prices. In the concluding chapter is presented also the general expectation regarding food availability and consumption until 2030. The data used here are published by different specialized international institutions like FAO, WHO, WTO or others.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":"20 1","pages":"41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49523801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between wages and the fraction of women in an occupation, using variation in the female participation in occupations across European countries. Using data from the European Structure of Earnings Survey 2006 with information about the wages in 93 occupations in 10 countries, we investigate how the wages of men and women and therefore the gender wage gap varies when the fraction of women increases. We allow for non-linearities in this relationship. In the raw data we find that mixed occupations pay better than occupations in which mainly men or mainly women are working, but controlling for occupation the picture reverses and we find that especially occupations with a high fraction of women pay more than mixed occupations. Female earnings are almost similar to male earnings when the fraction of women goes down and vice versa, but the effect is stronger in the female occupations, giving men an advantage in the labour market.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF OCCUPATIONAL SEGREGATION ON OCCUPATIONAL GENDER PAY GAP IN THE EUROPEAN UNION","authors":"Bianca Buligescu, L. Borghans, D. Fouarge","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between wages and the fraction of women in an occupation, using variation in the female participation in occupations across European countries. Using data from the European Structure of Earnings Survey 2006 with information about the wages in 93 occupations in 10 countries, we investigate how the wages of men and women and therefore the gender wage gap varies when the fraction of women increases. We allow for non-linearities in this relationship. In the raw data we find that mixed occupations pay better than occupations in which mainly men or mainly women are working, but controlling for occupation the picture reverses and we find that especially occupations with a high fraction of women pay more than mixed occupations. Female earnings are almost similar to male earnings when the fraction of women goes down and vice versa, but the effect is stronger in the female occupations, giving men an advantage in the labour market.","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43691076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Odd enough, the revised book has been published in the “Contemporary Dilemmas” collection of the Sigma Educational Publishing House, Bucharest, in 2020, during unprecedented times of a global pandemic, through which the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) have issued repeated warnings about an increased risk of gender based violence due to the “anthropause” phenomenon and the drastically – and forcefully – modified human behaviors. A worldwide increase of incidents of violence against women has been reported since the severe anti-Covid-19 lockdown measures have first been implemented in early spring 2020, and continued throughout most of the rest of the year (see Menegatti et al., 2020; Ornell et al., 2020; Vora et al., 2020).
{"title":"BOOK REVIEW, Bonea, G.V.: VIOLENȚA BAZATĂ PE GEN: ABORDĂRI TEORETICE ESENȚIALE, Editura Sigma Educational, Bucharest, 2020, p. 191","authors":"Vlad Roșca","doi":"10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35782/jcpp.2020.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"Odd enough, the revised book has been published in the “Contemporary Dilemmas” collection of the Sigma Educational Publishing House, Bucharest, in 2020, during unprecedented times of a global pandemic, through which the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) have issued repeated warnings about an increased risk of gender based violence due to the “anthropause” phenomenon and the drastically – and forcefully – modified human behaviors. A worldwide increase of incidents of violence against women has been reported since the severe anti-Covid-19 lockdown measures have first been implemented in early spring 2020, and continued throughout most of the rest of the year (see Menegatti et al., 2020; Ornell et al., 2020; Vora et al., 2020).","PeriodicalId":36161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Community Positive Practices","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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