Manufacturing industries struggle to devise precise planning and scheduling solutions due to unpredictable business situations. Additionally, uncertainties in production such as machine breakdowns, labour absenteeism, cycle time deviations, etc., would further deteriorate production plans and lead to uncertainty in decision-making processes. Flow shops with bottlenecks are particularly susceptible to these disturbances. Moreover, the random variations in cycle time variations can cause the bottleneck to shift between different stages. Literature indicates that conventional job release methods are ineffective in addressing these difficulties. In contrast, workload control methods would provide better solutions. Hence, a flow shop model has been developed and simulated using the variables like process time variations and bottleneck shifting on the discrete-event simulation software. The flow shop model incorporates realistic shop characteristics which are subjected to random process time variations, so as to assess the performance. The outcomes of the experimentation demonstrate that order release methods play a pivotal role in improving the performance of flow shops in more volatile situations.
{"title":"Workload Control in Flow Shops with Bottleneck Shifting and Process Time Variability","authors":"Aruna Prabhu, K. Raghunandana, P. Y. Pai","doi":"10.30657/pea.2024.30.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2024.30.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Manufacturing industries struggle to devise precise planning and scheduling solutions due to unpredictable business situations. Additionally, uncertainties in production such as machine breakdowns, labour absenteeism, cycle time deviations, etc., would further deteriorate production plans and lead to uncertainty in decision-making processes. Flow shops with bottlenecks are particularly susceptible to these disturbances. Moreover, the random variations in cycle time variations can cause the bottleneck to shift between different stages. Literature indicates that conventional job release methods are ineffective in addressing these difficulties. In contrast, workload control methods would provide better solutions. Hence, a flow shop model has been developed and simulated using the variables like process time variations and bottleneck shifting on the discrete-event simulation software. The flow shop model incorporates realistic shop characteristics which are subjected to random process time variations, so as to assess the performance. The outcomes of the experimentation demonstrate that order release methods play a pivotal role in improving the performance of flow shops in more volatile situations.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper discusses the changes occurring in the steel industry and related markets as they move towards Industry 4.0. With significant investments in new technologies, steel mills are creating a smart environment for cooperation between producers, distributors, and consumers of steel products. The influence of Industry 4.0 within mills is being transferred to other participants in the steel product chains, and vice versa. The research aimed to determine the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on the steel product chains in the Polish steel market. The research was conducted in Poland. The obtained database comprised 208 respondents (company executives), including steel mills and steel product manufacturers. Technologies (the pillars of Industry 4.0) are grouped into five technological fields: automation and robotics; warehouse automation; Computer systems, systems integration, mobile technologies, Big Data and IIoT, Blockchain and cybersecurity. Analysis was realized in the three respondent segments representing the steel chain in Poland [RSs]: Producer [P], Distributor [D], and Consumer [C]. The results of the research can help companies improve their steel product chains. The study takes a value chain approach, considering steel production, distribution of steel products, and services for orders and consumers of steel and steel products.
{"title":"Changes in the steel chain in Industry 4.0. Some results of survey on the Polish steel market","authors":"Bożena Gajdzik, R. Wolniak, W. Grebski","doi":"10.30657/pea.2024.30.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2024.30.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The paper discusses the changes occurring in the steel industry and related markets as they move towards Industry 4.0. With significant investments in new technologies, steel mills are creating a smart environment for cooperation between producers, distributors, and consumers of steel products. The influence of Industry 4.0 within mills is being transferred to other participants in the steel product chains, and vice versa. The research aimed to determine the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on the steel product chains in the Polish steel market. The research was conducted in Poland. The obtained database comprised 208 respondents (company executives), including steel mills and steel product manufacturers. Technologies (the pillars of Industry 4.0) are grouped into five technological fields: automation and robotics; warehouse automation; Computer systems, systems integration, mobile technologies, Big Data and IIoT, Blockchain and cybersecurity. Analysis was realized in the three respondent segments representing the steel chain in Poland [RSs]: Producer [P], Distributor [D], and Consumer [C]. The results of the research can help companies improve their steel product chains. The study takes a value chain approach, considering steel production, distribution of steel products, and services for orders and consumers of steel and steel products.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Chidozie, A. Ramos, José Ferreira, L. P. Ferreira
The topic of digital transformation in supply chain optimization has garnered considerable attention in recent years due to its importance. The purpose of the study was to offer empirical evidence and insights into the advantages and obstacles linked with digital transformation in supply chain management. To investigate the effects of digital transformation on supply chain optimization, the research employs a hybrid methodology and comprehensive approach that includes a thorough literature review, the creation of a theoretical framework, and the presentation of empirical finings through various case studies using the predefined selection criteria. The case analyses highlight crucial elements that support effective digital transformations, including real-time data analytics, teamwork, blockchain technology, digital twin augmented and virtual reality and collaborative robots. The practical implications from the findings of this study, proffers insights that can be extremely helpful for professionals in various industrial sectors and businesses planning similar digital transformation journeys. This empirical study with regards to the implication of Digital transformation 5.0 on supply chain management is novel to the body of literature. It is however necessary to conduct more study to confirm the results, apply them to a wider range of businesses, and investigate different aspects of digital transformation in supply chain optimization.
{"title":"The Importance of Digital Transformation (5.0) in Supply Chain Optimization: An Empirical Study","authors":"B. Chidozie, A. Ramos, José Ferreira, L. P. Ferreira","doi":"10.30657/pea.2024.30.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2024.30.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The topic of digital transformation in supply chain optimization has garnered considerable attention in recent years due to its importance. The purpose of the study was to offer empirical evidence and insights into the advantages and obstacles linked with digital transformation in supply chain management. To investigate the effects of digital transformation on supply chain optimization, the research employs a hybrid methodology and comprehensive approach that includes a thorough literature review, the creation of a theoretical framework, and the presentation of empirical finings through various case studies using the predefined selection criteria. The case analyses highlight crucial elements that support effective digital transformations, including real-time data analytics, teamwork, blockchain technology, digital twin augmented and virtual reality and collaborative robots. The practical implications from the findings of this study, proffers insights that can be extremely helpful for professionals in various industrial sectors and businesses planning similar digital transformation journeys. This empirical study with regards to the implication of Digital transformation 5.0 on supply chain management is novel to the body of literature. It is however necessary to conduct more study to confirm the results, apply them to a wider range of businesses, and investigate different aspects of digital transformation in supply chain optimization.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Shallot is one of several horticultural products exported from Thailand to various countries. Despite an increase in shallot prices over the years, farmers face challenges in price forecasting due to fluctuations and other relevant factors. While different forecasting techniques exist in the literature, there is no universal approach due to varying problems and datasets. This study focuses on predicting shallot prices in Northern Thailand from January 2014 to December 2020. Traditional and machine learning models, including ARIMA, Holt-Winters, LSTM, and ARIMA-LSTM hybrids, are proposed. The LSTM model considers temperature and rainfall as influencing factors. Evaluation metrics include RMSE, MAE, and MAPE. Results indicate that the ARIMA-LSTM hybrid model performs best, with RMSE, MAE, and MAPE values of 10.275 Baht, 8.512 Baht, and 13.618%, respectively. Implementing this hybrid model can provide shallot farmers with advanced price information for informed decision-making regarding cultivation expansion and production management.
{"title":"Shallot Price Forecasting Models: Comparison among Various Techniques","authors":"Chompoonoot Kasemset, Kanokrot Phuruan, Takron Opassuwan","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Shallot is one of several horticultural products exported from Thailand to various countries. Despite an increase in shallot prices over the years, farmers face challenges in price forecasting due to fluctuations and other relevant factors. While different forecasting techniques exist in the literature, there is no universal approach due to varying problems and datasets. This study focuses on predicting shallot prices in Northern Thailand from January 2014 to December 2020. Traditional and machine learning models, including ARIMA, Holt-Winters, LSTM, and ARIMA-LSTM hybrids, are proposed. The LSTM model considers temperature and rainfall as influencing factors. Evaluation metrics include RMSE, MAE, and MAPE. Results indicate that the ARIMA-LSTM hybrid model performs best, with RMSE, MAE, and MAPE values of 10.275 Baht, 8.512 Baht, and 13.618%, respectively. Implementing this hybrid model can provide shallot farmers with advanced price information for informed decision-making regarding cultivation expansion and production management.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136158518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sri Hartini, Faradhina Azzahra, Ratna Purwaningsih, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, Diana Puspita Sari
Abstract This research aims to design recommendations for improving the tofu production process in Sugihmanik Village. Over 30 tofu small medium enterprises (SMEs) generate solid and liquid waste, which pollutes the river. An eco-efficiency strategy was implemented and began by identifying the tofu production process. The life cycle assessment (LCA) method and the SimaPro software were used to calculate eco-cost and eco-efficiency levels. Based on the calculations, the eco-cost value per batch is USD 10.76. If 30 batches are produced daily, the eco-cost value in one of the tofu SMEs is USD 9.10. Tofu production has an eco-efficiency index (EEI) value of 0.12. This value shows that tofu products are only affordable but have yet to be sustainable. The researchers then recommend using biogas from wastewater treatment to replace rice husks and corncobs. This study also develops a circular economy framework in the tofu production system. The output is expected to suppress the discharge of water and solid waste to increase the EEI value of the tofu production process in the future.
{"title":"Framework for Increasing Eco-efficiency in the Tofu Production Process: Circular Economy Approach","authors":"Sri Hartini, Faradhina Azzahra, Ratna Purwaningsih, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, Diana Puspita Sari","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.50","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research aims to design recommendations for improving the tofu production process in Sugihmanik Village. Over 30 tofu small medium enterprises (SMEs) generate solid and liquid waste, which pollutes the river. An eco-efficiency strategy was implemented and began by identifying the tofu production process. The life cycle assessment (LCA) method and the SimaPro software were used to calculate eco-cost and eco-efficiency levels. Based on the calculations, the eco-cost value per batch is USD 10.76. If 30 batches are produced daily, the eco-cost value in one of the tofu SMEs is USD 9.10. Tofu production has an eco-efficiency index (EEI) value of 0.12. This value shows that tofu products are only affordable but have yet to be sustainable. The researchers then recommend using biogas from wastewater treatment to replace rice husks and corncobs. This study also develops a circular economy framework in the tofu production system. The output is expected to suppress the discharge of water and solid waste to increase the EEI value of the tofu production process in the future.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krzysztof Krauze, Kamil Mucha, Tomasz Wydro, Jan Pawlik, Aleksandra Wróblewska-Pawlik
Abstract The cutting tools in mining industry are especially prone to rapid wear, since most of the rocks exhibit aggressive abrasion attributes. A typical representative of fast wearing mining end-tools is a conical pick (also known as tangential-rotary cutter). In order to decrease the premature deterioration, the manufacturers and users tend to enhance the lifespan of the tool by wide range of approaches, namely heat treatment, chemical treatment, burnishing, hardfacing etc. In order to estimate the wear rate of a given pick one has to select appropriate procedure and method of evaluation. By this time, most commonly applied method is to estimate the wear rate basing on mass loss measurements of the tools being exploited with constant cutting parameters and fixed conditions. The Authors proposed also a new method of volumetric wear assessment, basing of three-dimensional photogrammetric scanning and compared the results with the outcome of traditional mass wear evaluation of the same sets of tools. Additionally, this paper contains recommendations regarding both approaches (volumetric and mass), especially focusing on the possibilities of the new method concerning measurements of the manufactured tool.
{"title":"The photogrammetric approach in conical picks wear rate evaluation","authors":"Krzysztof Krauze, Kamil Mucha, Tomasz Wydro, Jan Pawlik, Aleksandra Wróblewska-Pawlik","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.46","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The cutting tools in mining industry are especially prone to rapid wear, since most of the rocks exhibit aggressive abrasion attributes. A typical representative of fast wearing mining end-tools is a conical pick (also known as tangential-rotary cutter). In order to decrease the premature deterioration, the manufacturers and users tend to enhance the lifespan of the tool by wide range of approaches, namely heat treatment, chemical treatment, burnishing, hardfacing etc. In order to estimate the wear rate of a given pick one has to select appropriate procedure and method of evaluation. By this time, most commonly applied method is to estimate the wear rate basing on mass loss measurements of the tools being exploited with constant cutting parameters and fixed conditions. The Authors proposed also a new method of volumetric wear assessment, basing of three-dimensional photogrammetric scanning and compared the results with the outcome of traditional mass wear evaluation of the same sets of tools. Additionally, this paper contains recommendations regarding both approaches (volumetric and mass), especially focusing on the possibilities of the new method concerning measurements of the manufactured tool.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra Kuzior, Hanna Yarovenko, Paulina Brożek, Natalia Sidelnyk, Anton Boyko, Tetyana Vasilyeva
Abstract The consequences of Industry 4.0 have adverse side effects on cybercrime growth, which requires creating an effective cybersecurity system for companies. Therefore, this study aims to develop a composite indicator of company cybersecurity to assess its development needs. For this purpose, the authors modified Porter’s method by constructing a superposition matrix based on the growth rates of cyber threats and risks, calculating their quantitative characteristics and a composite indicator. The computations are based on indicators for 2016-2022 characterizing cybersecurity vulnerabilities and the consequences of cyber threats: the share of companies experiencing one, six or more successful cyberattacks, considering the likely and very likely success of cyberattacks on them in the next 12 months, security threat and concern indices, the share of companies with a growing security budget affected by ransomware and experiencing a shortage of skilled IT security personnel, the cost of stolen or compromised credentials. As a result, cybersecurity needs increased significantly for 2020-2022, mainly due to digital transformation and the cyber threats growth after the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative analysis of the proposed indicator with those characterizing the development of Industry 4.0 showed that the need for a reliable cybersecurity system is much more important than the active development of modern technologies. Spending on IT is also increasing, but not enough to meet the needs of cybersecurity development, except for the 2022 results. The proposed indicator is defined for companies worldwide, but its versatility allows the methodology to be applied to enterprises of various industries and sizes.
{"title":"Company Cybersecurity System: Assessment, Risks and Expectations","authors":"Aleksandra Kuzior, Hanna Yarovenko, Paulina Brożek, Natalia Sidelnyk, Anton Boyko, Tetyana Vasilyeva","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.43","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The consequences of Industry 4.0 have adverse side effects on cybercrime growth, which requires creating an effective cybersecurity system for companies. Therefore, this study aims to develop a composite indicator of company cybersecurity to assess its development needs. For this purpose, the authors modified Porter’s method by constructing a superposition matrix based on the growth rates of cyber threats and risks, calculating their quantitative characteristics and a composite indicator. The computations are based on indicators for 2016-2022 characterizing cybersecurity vulnerabilities and the consequences of cyber threats: the share of companies experiencing one, six or more successful cyberattacks, considering the likely and very likely success of cyberattacks on them in the next 12 months, security threat and concern indices, the share of companies with a growing security budget affected by ransomware and experiencing a shortage of skilled IT security personnel, the cost of stolen or compromised credentials. As a result, cybersecurity needs increased significantly for 2020-2022, mainly due to digital transformation and the cyber threats growth after the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative analysis of the proposed indicator with those characterizing the development of Industry 4.0 showed that the need for a reliable cybersecurity system is much more important than the active development of modern technologies. Spending on IT is also increasing, but not enough to meet the needs of cybersecurity development, except for the 2022 results. The proposed indicator is defined for companies worldwide, but its versatility allows the methodology to be applied to enterprises of various industries and sizes.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grzegorz Świt, Ihor Dzioba, Małgorzata Ulewicz, Sebastian Lipiec, Anna Adamczak-Bugno, Aleksandra Krampikowska
Abstract This paper presents the outcomes of quality tests conducted on specimens, both smooth and V-notched, subjected to uniaxial tension, which were extracted from a gas transport pipeline. The introduction of the V-notch introduced variations in the stress and strain component fields near the plane of maximum constriction, consequently leading to their failure through different mechanisms. The process included the implementation of quality management practices such as numerical modeling and simulation of the loading of the specimens using ABAQUS. The material model employed in these calculations was defined and verified to ensure quality control. Subsequent to the numerical calculations, maps of the stress and strain component fields were generated, contributing to the quality assessment of the specimens. It was determined that the quality management process for the smooth specimen identifies the initiation of failure primarily due to the normal stress component in the central region of the plane with the largest constriction. In contrast, in the V-notched specimen, quality management efforts revealed that failure initiation occurs due to the tangential stress component, and failure proceeds through the shear mechanism. These results are valuable in developing a quality-driven methodology for monitoring the operational safety of gas network pipelines, primarily based on the analysis of acoustic emission signals.
{"title":"Experimental-numerical analysis of the fracture process in smooth and notched V specimens","authors":"Grzegorz Świt, Ihor Dzioba, Małgorzata Ulewicz, Sebastian Lipiec, Anna Adamczak-Bugno, Aleksandra Krampikowska","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.49","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents the outcomes of quality tests conducted on specimens, both smooth and V-notched, subjected to uniaxial tension, which were extracted from a gas transport pipeline. The introduction of the V-notch introduced variations in the stress and strain component fields near the plane of maximum constriction, consequently leading to their failure through different mechanisms. The process included the implementation of quality management practices such as numerical modeling and simulation of the loading of the specimens using ABAQUS. The material model employed in these calculations was defined and verified to ensure quality control. Subsequent to the numerical calculations, maps of the stress and strain component fields were generated, contributing to the quality assessment of the specimens. It was determined that the quality management process for the smooth specimen identifies the initiation of failure primarily due to the normal stress component in the central region of the plane with the largest constriction. In contrast, in the V-notched specimen, quality management efforts revealed that failure initiation occurs due to the tangential stress component, and failure proceeds through the shear mechanism. These results are valuable in developing a quality-driven methodology for monitoring the operational safety of gas network pipelines, primarily based on the analysis of acoustic emission signals.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Dynamic development of various technologies replacing existing, difficult or in various ways arduous, is the reason for replacing equipment with modern ones. New equipment may be associated with a different power supply, a different way that the construction materials are processed or the tools used, than the previous one. Then arises a need to re-examine whether the working conditions at a workplace are safe, what onerous and hazardous factors are associated with the work. An example of such a technological change could be a laser processing, when equipment using a concentrated energy stream, properly controlled, produces a specific effect on materials. However, along with the benefits of the new technology, come also many risks, such as the effects of radiation on matter and the human body, electricity, fire hazards, the problem of toxic emissions and others. This paper presents the problem of ensuring work safety at a newly commissioned CO2 laser station. Technique of brainstorming was used to identify and analyze the working conditions and types of hazards. These may be different from what was previously known, partially known, or even unconscious. Ishikawa diagram was developed and shown to be an effective tool for detailing and structuring problems in relation to safety. In the case of a technical problem, a poka-yoke solution to eliminate the hazard was proposed. Problems occurring at the workstation during machining and related to its operation were assigned, using the affinity diagram, to specific departments of the company, according to its work organization, which can significantly facilitate the management of the work and employees of the different departments in the future, in order to ensure safe and hygienic working conditions.
{"title":"The use of quality management tools to ensure safe working conditions at CO<sub>2</sub> laser workstations","authors":"Barbara Ciecińska, Beata Oleksiak","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.44","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dynamic development of various technologies replacing existing, difficult or in various ways arduous, is the reason for replacing equipment with modern ones. New equipment may be associated with a different power supply, a different way that the construction materials are processed or the tools used, than the previous one. Then arises a need to re-examine whether the working conditions at a workplace are safe, what onerous and hazardous factors are associated with the work. An example of such a technological change could be a laser processing, when equipment using a concentrated energy stream, properly controlled, produces a specific effect on materials. However, along with the benefits of the new technology, come also many risks, such as the effects of radiation on matter and the human body, electricity, fire hazards, the problem of toxic emissions and others. This paper presents the problem of ensuring work safety at a newly commissioned CO2 laser station. Technique of brainstorming was used to identify and analyze the working conditions and types of hazards. These may be different from what was previously known, partially known, or even unconscious. Ishikawa diagram was developed and shown to be an effective tool for detailing and structuring problems in relation to safety. In the case of a technical problem, a poka-yoke solution to eliminate the hazard was proposed. Problems occurring at the workstation during machining and related to its operation were assigned, using the affinity diagram, to specific departments of the company, according to its work organization, which can significantly facilitate the management of the work and employees of the different departments in the future, in order to ensure safe and hygienic working conditions.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Cities across the globe perceive their opportunities for digital transition pathways. This paper presents a project and strategy-based assessment of smart city ambitions in the light of sustainable urban development pathways in the European Union capitals considering the programming period 2014-2020. The purpose of the research is to understand better the smart city trends in Europe and identify any correlation between smart city and sustainability ambitions through the European capitals. The basis of the research was the official project result platforms of European funds with priorities related to smart cities. The collected best practices of transnational smart city projects provide statistics from the previous programming period and draw attention to the developing trends of smart city functions and the activity level of European capitals in the digital transition. Results show that between 2014 and 2020 nearly half of the capitals owned a specific smart city strategic document. Evaluating the smart urban performance of the capitals, it can be stated that most smart solutions were implemented related to mobility and environment in the previous period. Furthermore, it was also considered whether smart city projects could facilitate the shift toward sustainability. Based on the assessment of their planning strategies, a complex image of the European capitals has been revealed in their smart city development concepts; their strategic-level planning can be understood better, which is essential for policymaking in the era of digitalisation, identifying synergies with sustainable urban development ambitions, and monitoring the reached targets at the city level.
{"title":"Can smart city planning enhance the sustainable transition of the E.U. capitals? A project and strategy-based smart, sustainable performance analysis in the programming period 2014-2020","authors":"Mária Szalmáné Csete, Tímea Baranyi","doi":"10.30657/pea.2023.29.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30657/pea.2023.29.51","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cities across the globe perceive their opportunities for digital transition pathways. This paper presents a project and strategy-based assessment of smart city ambitions in the light of sustainable urban development pathways in the European Union capitals considering the programming period 2014-2020. The purpose of the research is to understand better the smart city trends in Europe and identify any correlation between smart city and sustainability ambitions through the European capitals. The basis of the research was the official project result platforms of European funds with priorities related to smart cities. The collected best practices of transnational smart city projects provide statistics from the previous programming period and draw attention to the developing trends of smart city functions and the activity level of European capitals in the digital transition. Results show that between 2014 and 2020 nearly half of the capitals owned a specific smart city strategic document. Evaluating the smart urban performance of the capitals, it can be stated that most smart solutions were implemented related to mobility and environment in the previous period. Furthermore, it was also considered whether smart city projects could facilitate the shift toward sustainability. Based on the assessment of their planning strategies, a complex image of the European capitals has been revealed in their smart city development concepts; their strategic-level planning can be understood better, which is essential for policymaking in the era of digitalisation, identifying synergies with sustainable urban development ambitions, and monitoring the reached targets at the city level.","PeriodicalId":36269,"journal":{"name":"Production Engineering Archives","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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