{"title":"Water resources of St. Martin Parish, Louisiana","authors":"M. Lindaman, V. White","doi":"10.3133/fs20213007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69285388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, K. Marra, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, P. Le, R. M. Drake
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable conventional oil and gas resources in total petroleum systems and assessment units of the eastern Mediterranean area (fig. 1). The assessment encompasses the geographic areas of the Levantine Basin, Eratosthenes Platform, Nile Delta Basin, Herodotus Basin, and the Mediterranean Ridge. The eastern Mediterranean area developed through a complex tectonic evolution and is the subject of ongoing research (Abdel Aal and others, 2000; Netzeband and others, 2006; Segev and others, 2011; Robertson and others, 2012, Cowie and Kusznir, 2013; Sagy and others, 2015; Granot, 2016; Inati and others, 2016; Segev and others, 2018; Steinberg and others, 2018). The tectonic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean began in the Triassic with rifting of the African-Arabian plate from Eurasia. Rifting continued through the Jurassic, resulting in highly extended continental crust across much of the Levantine Basin and the Nile Delta Basin. Oceanic crust formed in the Herodotus Basin and Mediterranean Ridge as the Tethys Ocean opened. Major sequences of petroleum source rocks were deposited across the continental margins during the Late Jurassic. The Cretaceous was characterized by passive-margin conditions, with carbonate platform development along the extended continental margins, and progradation of clastic sequences across the structurally complex, extended continental crust. The Eratosthenes Platform was one of the continental fragments separated from the African-Arabian plate and moved north as oceanic crust subducted beneath the southern margin of Eurasia, forming the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary complex. Carbonate platforms ranging in age from Cretaceous to Neogene formed along the margins of the Eratosthenes Platform. Repeated sea level changes during this time span led to the development of stacked carbonate platforms. Marine source rocks were deposited during the Cretaceous and Paleogene. Northward movement of the African-Arabian plate in the Paleogene signaled the beginning of closure of the Tethys Ocean. In the Oligocene and early Miocene, the ancestral Nile drainage was established, leading to northdirected clastic deposition in the Levantine Basin, Nile Delta Basin, and Herodotus Basin. The Eratosthenes Platform collided with the Cyprus arc in the Miocene, causing uplift with subsequent subaerial exposure and karst development across the extensive carbonate platforms. In the late Miocene, the northward movement of Africa resulted in closure of the Tethys seaway at Gibraltar and in the complete evaporation of Mediterranean seawater, leading to the deposition of hundreds of meters of late Miocene Messinian evaporites. Evaporites, being impervious to fluids, form important seals, as well as providing traps marginal to the salt structures, and, where salt has moved, provide pathways for fluids to migrate into post-salt reservoirs and traps (Al-B
{"title":"Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources in the eastern Mediterranean area, 2020","authors":"C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, K. Marra, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, P. Le, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/fs20213032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213032","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable conventional oil and gas resources in total petroleum systems and assessment units of the eastern Mediterranean area (fig. 1). The assessment encompasses the geographic areas of the Levantine Basin, Eratosthenes Platform, Nile Delta Basin, Herodotus Basin, and the Mediterranean Ridge. The eastern Mediterranean area developed through a complex tectonic evolution and is the subject of ongoing research (Abdel Aal and others, 2000; Netzeband and others, 2006; Segev and others, 2011; Robertson and others, 2012, Cowie and Kusznir, 2013; Sagy and others, 2015; Granot, 2016; Inati and others, 2016; Segev and others, 2018; Steinberg and others, 2018). The tectonic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean began in the Triassic with rifting of the African-Arabian plate from Eurasia. Rifting continued through the Jurassic, resulting in highly extended continental crust across much of the Levantine Basin and the Nile Delta Basin. Oceanic crust formed in the Herodotus Basin and Mediterranean Ridge as the Tethys Ocean opened. Major sequences of petroleum source rocks were deposited across the continental margins during the Late Jurassic. The Cretaceous was characterized by passive-margin conditions, with carbonate platform development along the extended continental margins, and progradation of clastic sequences across the structurally complex, extended continental crust. The Eratosthenes Platform was one of the continental fragments separated from the African-Arabian plate and moved north as oceanic crust subducted beneath the southern margin of Eurasia, forming the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary complex. Carbonate platforms ranging in age from Cretaceous to Neogene formed along the margins of the Eratosthenes Platform. Repeated sea level changes during this time span led to the development of stacked carbonate platforms. Marine source rocks were deposited during the Cretaceous and Paleogene. Northward movement of the African-Arabian plate in the Paleogene signaled the beginning of closure of the Tethys Ocean. In the Oligocene and early Miocene, the ancestral Nile drainage was established, leading to northdirected clastic deposition in the Levantine Basin, Nile Delta Basin, and Herodotus Basin. The Eratosthenes Platform collided with the Cyprus arc in the Miocene, causing uplift with subsequent subaerial exposure and karst development across the extensive carbonate platforms. In the late Miocene, the northward movement of Africa resulted in closure of the Tethys seaway at Gibraltar and in the complete evaporation of Mediterranean seawater, leading to the deposition of hundreds of meters of late Miocene Messinian evaporites. Evaporites, being impervious to fluids, form important seals, as well as providing traps marginal to the salt structures, and, where salt has moved, provide pathways for fluids to migrate into post-salt reservoirs and traps (Al-B","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69285658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) monitors water quality and suspended-sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay (Bay) as part of a multi-agency effort to address estuary management, water supply, and ecological concerns. The San Francisco Bay area is home to millions of people, and the Bay teems with marine and terrestrial flora and fauna. Freshwater mixes with saltwater in the Bay and is subject to riverine influences (floods, droughts, managed reservoir releases, and freshwater diversions) and marine influences (tides, waves, and effects of saltwater). To understand this environment, the USGS, along with its cooperators (see “Acknowledgments” section), has been monitoring the Bay’s waters continuously since 1988. There are several water-quality characteristics that are important to State and Federal resource managers. Salinity, water temperature, and suspended-sediment concentration are some important water-quality properties that are monitored at key locations throughout the Bay. Salinity, which indicates the mixing of fresh and ocean waters in the Bay, is derived from specific conductance measurements. Water temperature, along with salinity, affects the density of water, which controls gravity-driven circulation patterns and stratification in the water column. Turbidity, a measure of light scattered from suspended particles in the water, is used to estimate suspended-sediment concentration. Suspended sediment affects Bay water quality in multiple ways: it attenuates sunlight in the water column, affecting phytoplankton growth; it can deposit on tidal marsh and intertidal mudflats, which can help restore and sustain these habitats as sea level rises; and it can settle in ports and shipping channels, which can necessitate dredging. In addition, suspended sediment often carries adsorbed contaminants as it is transported in the water column, which affects their distribution and concentration in the environment. Excessive concentrations of sediment-adsorbed contaminants in deposits on the bottom of the Bay can affect ecosystem health. External factors, such as tidal currents, waves, and wind, also can affect water quality in the Bay. Tidal currents in the Bay change direction four times daily, and wind direction and intensity typically fluctuate on a daily cycle. Consequently, salinity, water temperature, and suspended-sediment concentration vary spatially and temporally throughout the Bay. Therefore, continuous measurements at multiple locations are needed to monitor these changes. Data collected at eight stations are transmitted in near real-time using cellular telemetry. The purposes of this fact sheet are to (1) provide information about the USGS San Francisco Bay water-quality monitoring network; (2) highlight various applications in which these data can be utilized; and (3) provide internet links to access the resulting continuous water-quality data collected by the USGS.
{"title":"Continuous water-quality and suspended-sediment transport monitoring in the San Francisco Bay, California, water years 2018–19","authors":"Darin C. Einhell, S. Davila Olivera, D. Palm","doi":"10.3133/fs20213043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213043","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) monitors water quality and suspended-sediment transport in the San Francisco Bay (Bay) as part of a multi-agency effort to address estuary management, water supply, and ecological concerns. The San Francisco Bay area is home to millions of people, and the Bay teems with marine and terrestrial flora and fauna. Freshwater mixes with saltwater in the Bay and is subject to riverine influences (floods, droughts, managed reservoir releases, and freshwater diversions) and marine influences (tides, waves, and effects of saltwater). To understand this environment, the USGS, along with its cooperators (see “Acknowledgments” section), has been monitoring the Bay’s waters continuously since 1988. There are several water-quality characteristics that are important to State and Federal resource managers. Salinity, water temperature, and suspended-sediment concentration are some important water-quality properties that are monitored at key locations throughout the Bay. Salinity, which indicates the mixing of fresh and ocean waters in the Bay, is derived from specific conductance measurements. Water temperature, along with salinity, affects the density of water, which controls gravity-driven circulation patterns and stratification in the water column. Turbidity, a measure of light scattered from suspended particles in the water, is used to estimate suspended-sediment concentration. Suspended sediment affects Bay water quality in multiple ways: it attenuates sunlight in the water column, affecting phytoplankton growth; it can deposit on tidal marsh and intertidal mudflats, which can help restore and sustain these habitats as sea level rises; and it can settle in ports and shipping channels, which can necessitate dredging. In addition, suspended sediment often carries adsorbed contaminants as it is transported in the water column, which affects their distribution and concentration in the environment. Excessive concentrations of sediment-adsorbed contaminants in deposits on the bottom of the Bay can affect ecosystem health. External factors, such as tidal currents, waves, and wind, also can affect water quality in the Bay. Tidal currents in the Bay change direction four times daily, and wind direction and intensity typically fluctuate on a daily cycle. Consequently, salinity, water temperature, and suspended-sediment concentration vary spatially and temporally throughout the Bay. Therefore, continuous measurements at multiple locations are needed to monitor these changes. Data collected at eight stations are transmitted in near real-time using cellular telemetry. The purposes of this fact sheet are to (1) provide information about the USGS San Francisco Bay water-quality monitoring network; (2) highlight various applications in which these data can be utilized; and (3) provide internet links to access the resulting continuous water-quality data collected by the USGS.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69285832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, Geoffrey S. Ellis, T. Finn, P. Le, K. Marra, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, R. M. Drake
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable conventional oil and gas resources in nine geologic provinces of China (fig. 1). This assessment includes the Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Turpan Basin, Qaidam Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Basin, Bohaiwan Basin, Songliao Basin, and the East China Sea Basin Provinces. Within these 9 provinces, 16 geologic assessment units (AUs) were defined, and each AU was assessed for undiscovered conventional oil, gas, and natural-gas liquids. China contains a mosaic of cratonic terranes, remnants of oceanic crust, orogenic belts, suture zones, accretionary complexes, island-arc assemblages, and regional faults that record a complex history of terrane accretion and orogeny along the southern and eastern margins of Eurasia (Liu and others, 2013; Zheng and others, 2013; Zhao and others, 2014; Han and Zhao, 2018; Zhou and others, 2018). Beginning in the Paleozoic, several cratonic blocks separated diachronously from the northern margin of Gondwana and translated north across the Tethys Ocean as oceanic crust was subducted; these terranes eventually collided and accreted, knitting together a collage of tectonic elements. Major cratonic terranes that accreted to Eurasia included the Tarim Basin, Ordos Basin, and Sichuan Basin Provinces. In contrast, the basement of the Junggar, Turpan, Qaidam, and Songliao Basin Provinces are interpreted as fragments of oceanic crust that were not subducted, but rather were incorporated into orogenic belts (Mao and others, 2016; Han and Zhao, 2018). As accretion proceeded, the margins of the cratonic and oceanic fragments became sites of fold and thrust belts, suture zones, faults, and an amalgamation of island-arc and accretionary complexes; several of the terranes developed foreland basins. By the Permian, compressive deformation developed sufficient tectonic topography to isolate several of the basins from marine waters. This topographic relief led to hydraulically closed basins (Garcia-Castellanos, 2006; Marenssi and others, 2020), characterized by the development of extensive, basinwide lacustrine systems. The Junggar and Turpan Basin Provinces developed lacustrine systems by compressive deformation along the margins in the Permian, and lacustrine systems formed following compressional deformation in the Sichuan, Ordos, Tarim, and Qaidam Basin Provinces. In contrast, horst and graben systems along the eastern margin of Eurasia were formed by widespread back-arc extension related to changing motions of the Pacific plate. Extensive lacustrine systems formed within grabens in the Songliao, Bohaiwan, and East China Sea Basin Provinces (Li and others, 2012; Liang and Wang, 2019; Yang and others, 2020). Petroleum source rocks within these nine provinces reflect the long and complex tectonic history (Jiang and others, 2016). As the cratonic blocks separated from Gondwana and traversed the Tethyan realm in the early Paleozoic
美国地质调查局(USGS)定量评估了中国9个地质省份未发现的、技术可采的常规油气资源潜力(图1)。该评估包括塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、吐鲁番盆地、柴达木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、渤海盆地、松辽盆地和东海盆地省份。在这9个省中，定义了16个地质评价单元(AU)，并对每个AU进行了未发现的常规石油、天然气和液化天然气的评价。中国的克拉通地体、洋壳残余物、造山带、缝合带、增生杂岩、岛弧组合和区域断裂等组成了一个嵌合体，记录了欧亚大陆南部和东部边缘复杂的地体增生和造山历史(Liu等，2013;郑等，2013;赵等，2014;Han and Zhao, 2018;周等人，2018)。从古生代开始，随着洋壳的俯冲，几个克拉通地块从冈瓦纳北缘隔时分离，并向北平移穿过特提斯洋;这些地形最终碰撞并增生，将拼贴的构造元素编织在一起。向欧亚大陆增生的主要克拉通地体包括塔里木盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地和四川盆地。Han and Zhao, 2018)。随着增生的进行，克拉通和大洋碎片的边缘成为褶皱和冲断带、缝合带、断层以及岛弧和增生杂岩的合并地;若干地体发育前陆盆地。到了二叠纪，挤压变形形成了足够的构造地形，将几个盆地与海水隔离开来。这种地形起伏导致了水力封闭盆地(Garcia-Castellanos, 2006;Marenssi等人，2020)，其特点是广泛的，全盆地湖泊系统的发展。准噶尔盆地和吐鲁番盆地在二叠世沿边缘挤压变形形成了湖泊体系，四川、鄂尔多斯、塔里木和柴达木盆地在挤压变形后形成了湖泊体系。而欧亚大陆东缘的地垒和地堑体系则是由与太平洋板块运动变化有关的广泛弧后伸展形成的。松辽、渤海湾和东海盆地省地堑内形成了广泛的湖泊体系(Li等，2012;Liang and Wang, 2019;Yang等人，2020)。九省油气源岩反映了漫长而复杂的构造历史(Jiang等，2016)。早古生代，随着克拉通地块从冈瓦纳分离并穿越特提斯领域，富有机质海相沉积物沉积在主要与被动边缘碳酸盐岩台地相关的盆地位置，如塔里木盆地、四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地(Yang等，2005)。在晚古生代，随后的陆块碰撞导致了边缘褶皱带和相应的前陆盆地的发育。上古生界前陆盆地潜在烃源岩以边缘海相—非海相、含煤气倾向层序为主。从二叠纪开始，随着水力封闭盆地的挤压形成，气候条件适合形成广泛的湖相体系，具有可行的湖相烃源岩，这在中国盆地中是众所周知的(Jiang等，2016)。四川盆地位于华南地体的西部，是构造控制烃源岩发育演化的典型(Shi等，2016;Mu等人，2019)。四川盆地克拉通地体为被动边缘地体
{"title":"Assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources of China, 2020","authors":"C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, Geoffrey S. Ellis, T. Finn, P. Le, K. Marra, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/fs20213051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213051","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable conventional oil and gas resources in nine geologic provinces of China (fig. 1). This assessment includes the Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Turpan Basin, Qaidam Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Basin, Bohaiwan Basin, Songliao Basin, and the East China Sea Basin Provinces. Within these 9 provinces, 16 geologic assessment units (AUs) were defined, and each AU was assessed for undiscovered conventional oil, gas, and natural-gas liquids. China contains a mosaic of cratonic terranes, remnants of oceanic crust, orogenic belts, suture zones, accretionary complexes, island-arc assemblages, and regional faults that record a complex history of terrane accretion and orogeny along the southern and eastern margins of Eurasia (Liu and others, 2013; Zheng and others, 2013; Zhao and others, 2014; Han and Zhao, 2018; Zhou and others, 2018). Beginning in the Paleozoic, several cratonic blocks separated diachronously from the northern margin of Gondwana and translated north across the Tethys Ocean as oceanic crust was subducted; these terranes eventually collided and accreted, knitting together a collage of tectonic elements. Major cratonic terranes that accreted to Eurasia included the Tarim Basin, Ordos Basin, and Sichuan Basin Provinces. In contrast, the basement of the Junggar, Turpan, Qaidam, and Songliao Basin Provinces are interpreted as fragments of oceanic crust that were not subducted, but rather were incorporated into orogenic belts (Mao and others, 2016; Han and Zhao, 2018). As accretion proceeded, the margins of the cratonic and oceanic fragments became sites of fold and thrust belts, suture zones, faults, and an amalgamation of island-arc and accretionary complexes; several of the terranes developed foreland basins. By the Permian, compressive deformation developed sufficient tectonic topography to isolate several of the basins from marine waters. This topographic relief led to hydraulically closed basins (Garcia-Castellanos, 2006; Marenssi and others, 2020), characterized by the development of extensive, basinwide lacustrine systems. The Junggar and Turpan Basin Provinces developed lacustrine systems by compressive deformation along the margins in the Permian, and lacustrine systems formed following compressional deformation in the Sichuan, Ordos, Tarim, and Qaidam Basin Provinces. In contrast, horst and graben systems along the eastern margin of Eurasia were formed by widespread back-arc extension related to changing motions of the Pacific plate. Extensive lacustrine systems formed within grabens in the Songliao, Bohaiwan, and East China Sea Basin Provinces (Li and others, 2012; Liang and Wang, 2019; Yang and others, 2020). Petroleum source rocks within these nine provinces reflect the long and complex tectonic history (Jiang and others, 2016). As the cratonic blocks separated from Gondwana and traversed the Tethyan realm in the early Paleozoic","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69286050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Marra, T. Mercier, S. E. Gelman, C. J. Schenk, Cheryl A. Woodall, A. Cicero, R. M. Drake, Geoffrey S. Ellis, T. Finn, M. Gardner, Jane S. Hearon, Benjamin G. Johnson, Jenny H. Lagesse, P. Le, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Timm, Scott S. Young
{"title":"Assessment of undiscovered continuous oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations of the Williston Basin Province, North Dakota and Montana, 2021","authors":"K. Marra, T. Mercier, S. E. Gelman, C. J. Schenk, Cheryl A. Woodall, A. Cicero, R. M. Drake, Geoffrey S. Ellis, T. Finn, M. Gardner, Jane S. Hearon, Benjamin G. Johnson, Jenny H. Lagesse, P. Le, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Timm, Scott S. Young","doi":"10.3133/fs20213058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69286126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ANSS now provides postearthquake decisionmaking tools and routinely disseminates information to users who have a need for near real-time earthquake analysis. This list is not intended to be a comprehensive treatment of ANSS postearthquake products. Rather it is a summary of ongoing developments deemed of interest to the public, the media, and those responding to earthquakes, be it from the critical lifeline, utility, government, emergency response, emergency coordination, recovery, planning, business continuity, and other relevant communities. Following are tools recommended for various types of user categories. For each category, see the URLs associated with each of the products portrayed on the back of this information sheet for more detailed information.
{"title":"Earthquake information products and tools from the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS)","authors":"L. Wald","doi":"10.3133/FS20063050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20063050","url":null,"abstract":"The ANSS now provides postearthquake decisionmaking tools and routinely disseminates information to users who have a need for near real-time earthquake analysis. This list is not intended to be a comprehensive treatment of ANSS postearthquake products. Rather it is a summary of ongoing developments deemed of interest to the public, the media, and those responding to earthquakes, be it from the critical lifeline, utility, government, emergency response, emergency coordination, recovery, planning, business continuity, and other relevant communities. Following are tools recommended for various types of user categories. For each category, see the URLs associated with each of the products portrayed on the back of this information sheet for more detailed information.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69283913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Redding–Red Bluff study unit covers approximately 1,200 square miles in Shasta and Tehama Counties, California, at the northern end of the Sacramento Valley. The study unit covers groundwater basins in the Redding area and the northern Sacramento Valley. The Sacramento River flows through the study area. Groundwater aquifers within the regional study area are composed of marine, continental, and volcanic alluvial sediments derived from the surrounding mountain ranges: The Cascade Range to the east, the Klamath Mountains to the north, and the Coast Ranges to the west. The study unit is dominated by natural land use (60 percent), with urban use more common in the Redding study area (36 percent) and agricultural land use more common in the Red Bluff study area (20 percent). This study was designed to provide a statistically representative assessment of the quality of groundwater resources used for domestic drinking water in the Redding– Red Bluff study unit. A total of 50 wells were sampled between December 2018 and April 2019 (Shelton and others, 2020). Domestic wells in the study unit typically are drilled to depths of 80–338 feet (10th–90th percentiles; Shelton and others, 2020), which are shallower (p<0.001) than the depths of public-supply wells in the same area (typically 115–450 feet deep; Bennett and others, 2011). Water levels in domestic wells in the study unit typically are 15–163 feet below land surface (10th–90th percentiles; Shelton and others, 2020). Previous investigations of public supply wells in the study area found relatively low concentrations of inorganic and volatile organic compounds compared to state and national benchmarks, except for arsenic (4.6 percent; Bennett and others, 2011). A State Water Resources Control Board GAMA survey of domestic wells in Tehama County (223 wells), which includes the Red Bluff study area, reported arsenic concentrations above the benchmark (see page 3) in 13 percent of wells, primarily in the southeast part of the study area (California State Water Resources Control Board, 2009). However, these wells were not spatially distributed and do not represent aquifer-scale portions as described herein.
red - red Bluff研究单元位于加利福尼亚州沙斯塔和特哈马县，位于萨克拉门托山谷的北端，占地约1200平方英里。该研究单元涵盖了雷丁地区和萨克拉门托北部山谷的地下水盆地。萨克拉门托河流经研究区域。区域研究区内的地下水含水层由来自周围山脉的海洋、大陆和火山冲积沉积物组成:东部是喀斯喀特山脉，北部是克拉马斯山脉，西部是海岸山脉。研究单元以自然土地利用为主(60%)，城市土地利用在雷丁研究区更为常见(36%)，农业土地利用在雷德布拉夫研究区更为常见(20%)。本研究旨在为雷丁-雷德布拉夫研究单元用于家庭饮用水的地下水资源质量提供具有统计代表性的评估。在2018年12月至2019年4月期间，共对50口井进行了采样(Shelton等人，2020年)。研究单位的国内井通常钻探深度为80-338英尺(第10 - 90个百分位数);Shelton等人，2020)，这些井的深度比同一地区的公共供应井浅(p<0.001)(通常深115-450英尺;Bennett等人，2011)。研究单位的家庭井的水位通常在地表以下15-163英尺(第10 - 90个百分位数;Shelton等人，2020)。先前对研究区域的公共供水井的调查发现，与州和国家基准相比，无机和挥发性有机化合物的浓度相对较低，除了砷(4.6%;Bennett等人，2011)。加州水资源控制委员会(GAMA)对包括Red Bluff研究区域在内的Tehama县(223口井)的家庭井进行了调查，结果显示，13%的井砷浓度高于基准(见第3页)，主要位于研究区域的东南部(加利福尼亚州水资源控制委员会，2009年)。然而，这些井没有空间分布，也不代表本文所述的含水层尺度部分。
{"title":"Groundwater quality in the Redding–Red Bluff shallow aquifer study unit of the northern Sacramento Valley, California","authors":"J. Harkness, Jennifer L. Shelton","doi":"10.3133/fs20203025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20203025","url":null,"abstract":"The Redding–Red Bluff study unit covers approximately 1,200 square miles in Shasta and Tehama Counties, California, at the northern end of the Sacramento Valley. The study unit covers groundwater basins in the Redding area and the northern Sacramento Valley. The Sacramento River flows through the study area. Groundwater aquifers within the regional study area are composed of marine, continental, and volcanic alluvial sediments derived from the surrounding mountain ranges: The Cascade Range to the east, the Klamath Mountains to the north, and the Coast Ranges to the west. The study unit is dominated by natural land use (60 percent), with urban use more common in the Redding study area (36 percent) and agricultural land use more common in the Red Bluff study area (20 percent). This study was designed to provide a statistically representative assessment of the quality of groundwater resources used for domestic drinking water in the Redding– Red Bluff study unit. A total of 50 wells were sampled between December 2018 and April 2019 (Shelton and others, 2020). Domestic wells in the study unit typically are drilled to depths of 80–338 feet (10th–90th percentiles; Shelton and others, 2020), which are shallower (p<0.001) than the depths of public-supply wells in the same area (typically 115–450 feet deep; Bennett and others, 2011). Water levels in domestic wells in the study unit typically are 15–163 feet below land surface (10th–90th percentiles; Shelton and others, 2020). Previous investigations of public supply wells in the study area found relatively low concentrations of inorganic and volatile organic compounds compared to state and national benchmarks, except for arsenic (4.6 percent; Bennett and others, 2011). A State Water Resources Control Board GAMA survey of domestic wells in Tehama County (223 wells), which includes the Red Bluff study area, reported arsenic concentrations above the benchmark (see page 3) in 13 percent of wells, primarily in the southeast part of the study area (California State Water Resources Control Board, 2009). However, these wells were not spatially distributed and do not represent aquifer-scale portions as described herein.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69285419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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