C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources within two Paleozoic organic-rich shales in the Tarim Basin of China (figs. 1 and 2): Lower Cambrian Yuertusi Formation and shales in the Middle Ordovician Series. These strata are the principal source rocks for conventional oil and gas fields in the interior of the Tarim Basin (Li and others 2018; Zhu, Chen, and others, 2018). The Tarim Basin, the largest petroleum basin in China, encompasses 563,000 square kilometers (km), and its Phanerozoic strata are as much as 16 km thick (Qiu and others, 2012). Although numerous oil and gas fields have been developed along its northern margin and in several uplifts in the basin’s interior, large parts of this remote basin remain unexplored. The USGS previously assessed the Tarim Basin’s conventional oil and gas resources (Charpentier and others, 2012). Paleozoic marine formations are currently preserved at depth and locally exposed around the basin’s periphery. They were deposited on the passive margin of the Tarim craton, a continental fragment proximal to the Gondwana margin. Since the late Paleozoic assembly of Central Asia, the Tarim Basin has been a vast nonmarine basin bounded on the south by the Tibetan Plateau and on the north by the Tien Shan. From the Carboniferous to the present, the basin’s margins have been strongly influenced by contractional deformation, including the ongoing Himalayan orogeny. This tectonic history has resulted in a relatively cool geothermal setting throughout the basin’s history; the current geothermal gradient is in the range of 20–23 degrees Celsius per km (Zhang, Huang, and others, 2015). Geologic Background
美国地质调查局(USGS)定量评估了中国塔里木盆地两个古生代富有机质页岩中非常规(连续)油气资源的潜力(图2)。1和2):下寒武统玉尔图斯组和中奥陶统页岩。这些地层是塔里木盆地内部常规油气田的主要烃源岩(Li等2018;朱、陈等人，2018)。塔里木盆地是中国最大的含油气盆地，面积达56.3万平方公里，显生宙地层厚度达16公里(Qiu等，2012)。尽管沿其北部边缘和盆地内部的几个隆起已经开发了许多油气田，但这个偏远盆地的大部分地区仍未被勘探。美国地质调查局此前对塔里木盆地的常规油气资源进行了评估(Charpentier等，2012)。古生代海相地层目前保存在盆地的深处，局部暴露在盆地周边。它们沉积在塔里木克拉通的被动边缘，这是一个接近冈瓦纳边缘的大陆碎片。自中亚晚古生代组合以来，塔里木盆地一直是一个南接青藏高原、北接天山的巨大非海相盆地。从石炭纪到现在，盆地边缘一直受到收缩变形的强烈影响，包括正在进行的喜马拉雅造山运动。这种构造历史导致了整个盆地历史上相对凉爽的地热环境;当前地温梯度在20-23℃/ km (Zhang, Huang, and others, 2015)。地质背景
{"title":"Assessment of Paleozoic Shale-Oil and Shale-Gas Resources in the Tarim Basin of China, 2018","authors":"C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman","doi":"10.3133/fs20193011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193011","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources within two Paleozoic organic-rich shales in the Tarim Basin of China (figs. 1 and 2): Lower Cambrian Yuertusi Formation and shales in the Middle Ordovician Series. These strata are the principal source rocks for conventional oil and gas fields in the interior of the Tarim Basin (Li and others 2018; Zhu, Chen, and others, 2018). The Tarim Basin, the largest petroleum basin in China, encompasses 563,000 square kilometers (km), and its Phanerozoic strata are as much as 16 km thick (Qiu and others, 2012). Although numerous oil and gas fields have been developed along its northern margin and in several uplifts in the basin’s interior, large parts of this remote basin remain unexplored. The USGS previously assessed the Tarim Basin’s conventional oil and gas resources (Charpentier and others, 2012). Paleozoic marine formations are currently preserved at depth and locally exposed around the basin’s periphery. They were deposited on the passive margin of the Tarim craton, a continental fragment proximal to the Gondwana margin. Since the late Paleozoic assembly of Central Asia, the Tarim Basin has been a vast nonmarine basin bounded on the south by the Tibetan Plateau and on the north by the Tien Shan. From the Carboniferous to the present, the basin’s margins have been strongly influenced by contractional deformation, including the ongoing Himalayan orogeny. This tectonic history has resulted in a relatively cool geothermal setting throughout the basin’s history; the current geothermal gradient is in the range of 20–23 degrees Celsius per km (Zhang, Huang, and others, 2015). Geologic Background","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. J. Schenk, M. Brownfield, T. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, P. Le, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, K. Marra, S. Gaswirth, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, R. M. Drake
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous (unconventional) and conventional oil and gas resources in the Reggane Basin Province of Algeria (fig. 1). The Reggane Basin is one of a series of North African basins that achieved much of their current structural configuration through late Carboniferous−Permian (Hercynian orogen) compressional deformation (Boote and others, 1998; Coward and Ries, 2003; Badalini and others, 2009). The basin is asymmetric with a steeply dipping, structurally complex northeastern margin associated with a sedimentary section that gradually thins and shallows to the southwest. Silurian and Devonian organic-rich shales are the major petroleum source rocks in the basin (Boote and others, 1998). Organic matter in both source rocks may have reached the thermal generation window for oil during Carboniferous burial; both source rock intervals reached the gas-generation window during the Late Triassic–Jurassic (Boote and others, 1998; Logan and Duddy, 1998; Makhous and Galushkin, 2003; Zuehlke and others, 2010; Jaeger and others, 2017). Only the southwestern margin of the basin remains in the oil-generation window (Arab and Djezzar, 2011). This assessment includes an evaluation of undiscovered continuous (shale oil, shale gas, tight gas) resources and conventional oil and gas resources.
美国地质调查局(USGS)定量评估了阿尔及利亚省Reggane盆地未发现的、技术上可开采的连续(非常规)和常规油气资源的潜力(图1)。Reggane盆地是一系列北非盆地之一，通过晚石石纪-二叠纪(海西造山带)挤压变形形成了目前的大部分构造形态(Boote等人，1998;科沃德和里斯，2003;Badalini等人，2009)。盆地不对称，东北缘陡倾，构造复杂，沉积剖面向西南逐渐变薄变浅。志留系和泥盆系富有机质页岩是盆地主要的烃源岩(Boote等，1998)。烃源岩有机质可能在石炭系埋藏时已达到油热生窗期;这两个烃源岩层段均在晚三叠世—侏罗纪时期达到生气窗口期(Boote等，1998;《Logan and Duddy》，1998;Makhous and Galushkin, 2003;Zuehlke等人，2010;Jaeger等人，2017)。只有盆地西南边缘仍处于产油窗口(Arab and Djezzar, 2011)。该评价包括对未发现的连续(页岩油、页岩气、致密气)资源和常规油气资源的评价。
{"title":"Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the Reggane Basin Province, Algeria, 2018","authors":"C. J. Schenk, M. Brownfield, T. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, P. Le, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, K. Marra, S. Gaswirth, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/FS20193016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193016","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous (unconventional) and conventional oil and gas resources in the Reggane Basin Province of Algeria (fig. 1). The Reggane Basin is one of a series of North African basins that achieved much of their current structural configuration through late Carboniferous−Permian (Hercynian orogen) compressional deformation (Boote and others, 1998; Coward and Ries, 2003; Badalini and others, 2009). The basin is asymmetric with a steeply dipping, structurally complex northeastern margin associated with a sedimentary section that gradually thins and shallows to the southwest. Silurian and Devonian organic-rich shales are the major petroleum source rocks in the basin (Boote and others, 1998). Organic matter in both source rocks may have reached the thermal generation window for oil during Carboniferous burial; both source rock intervals reached the gas-generation window during the Late Triassic–Jurassic (Boote and others, 1998; Logan and Duddy, 1998; Makhous and Galushkin, 2003; Zuehlke and others, 2010; Jaeger and others, 2017). Only the southwestern margin of the basin remains in the oil-generation window (Arab and Djezzar, 2011). This assessment includes an evaluation of undiscovered continuous (shale oil, shale gas, tight gas) resources and conventional oil and gas resources.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI; formerly known as 3DEEP) is planned as a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Association of American State Geologists (AASG), and other Federal, State, and private-sector organizations. The goal of the effort is to improve our knowledge of the geologic framework in the United States and to identify areas that have the potential to contain undiscovered critical mineral resources. Enhancement of our domestic mineral supply will decrease our reliance on foreign sources of minerals that are fundamental to the Nation’s security and economy. The intent of Earth MRI is to leverage the USGS’s existing relationships with States and the private sector to conduct state-of-the-art geologic mapping and airborne geophysical and topographic (lidar) surveys. Analyses of these datasets could point to potential buried critical mineral deposits.
{"title":"The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI): Mapping the Nation’s critical mineral resources","authors":"W. Day","doi":"10.3133/FS20193007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193007","url":null,"abstract":"The Earth Mapping Resources Initiative (Earth MRI; formerly known as 3DEEP) is planned as a partnership between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Association of American State Geologists (AASG), and other Federal, State, and private-sector organizations. The goal of the effort is to improve our knowledge of the geologic framework in the United States and to identify areas that have the potential to contain undiscovered critical mineral resources. Enhancement of our domestic mineral supply will decrease our reliance on foreign sources of minerals that are fundamental to the Nation’s security and economy. The intent of Earth MRI is to leverage the USGS’s existing relationships with States and the private sector to conduct state-of-the-art geologic mapping and airborne geophysical and topographic (lidar) surveys. Analyses of these datasets could point to potential buried critical mineral deposits.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, T. Finn, K. Marra, P. Le, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, M. Brownfield, R. M. Drake
U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3047 October 2019 Introduction The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources in organic-rich shales of the Permian Phosphoria Formation within the Southwestern Wyoming Province (fig. 1). The Phosphoria Formation represents a complex stratigraphic unit that was deposited in an oceanic embayment along the west-facing Permian continental margin (Sheldon, 1963). During Guadalupian time, cold, nutrient-rich currents from the north swept the embayment, resulting in deposition of phosphatic mudstone, organic-rich shale, and chert in what was otherwise a sediment-starved basin (Piper and Medrano, 1994; Carroll and others, 1998). The deepwater lithologies of the basin transition eastward to shallow-water shelf carbonates of the Permian Park City Formation and finally to continental red mudstone and evaporites of the Permian Goose Egg Formation. Much of the area with the deepwater facies of the Phosphoria Formation is within the Wyoming Thrust Belt Province, but there are deepwater deposits in which the Phosphoria Formation is as much as 10,000 meters (m) deep in the western part of the Southwest Wyoming Province. The purpose of this assessment is to estimate technically recoverable shale-gas resources within Phosphoria Formation shales.
{"title":"Assessment of continuous gas resources in the Permian Phosphoria Formation of the Southwestern Wyoming Province, Wyoming, 2019","authors":"C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, T. Finn, K. Marra, P. Le, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, J. Pitman, M. Brownfield, R. M. Drake","doi":"10.3133/fs20193047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193047","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3047 October 2019 Introduction The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous resources in organic-rich shales of the Permian Phosphoria Formation within the Southwestern Wyoming Province (fig. 1). The Phosphoria Formation represents a complex stratigraphic unit that was deposited in an oceanic embayment along the west-facing Permian continental margin (Sheldon, 1963). During Guadalupian time, cold, nutrient-rich currents from the north swept the embayment, resulting in deposition of phosphatic mudstone, organic-rich shale, and chert in what was otherwise a sediment-starved basin (Piper and Medrano, 1994; Carroll and others, 1998). The deepwater lithologies of the basin transition eastward to shallow-water shelf carbonates of the Permian Park City Formation and finally to continental red mudstone and evaporites of the Permian Goose Egg Formation. Much of the area with the deepwater facies of the Phosphoria Formation is within the Wyoming Thrust Belt Province, but there are deepwater deposits in which the Phosphoria Formation is as much as 10,000 meters (m) deep in the western part of the Southwest Wyoming Province. The purpose of this assessment is to estimate technically recoverable shale-gas resources within Phosphoria Formation shales.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H chub (Gila cypha Miller 1946), found only in the Colorado River Basin, was one of the first species to be given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Habitat alterations, such as changes in flow and water temperature caused by dams, and the introduction of nonnative fish have contributed to population declines in humpback chub and other native fish. These habitat alterations provide ideal conditions for the nonnative sport fish, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum 1792). Managers have long sought to balance recovery of humpback chub with a viable rainbow trout fishery. However, finding this balance requires understanding how environmental conditions and rainbow trout have affected humpback chub populations. Recent findings indicate that the Colorado River can be managed for rainbow trout while maintaining a healthy humpback chub population in Grand Canyon National Park.
H chub (Gila cypha Miller 1946)，只在科罗拉多河流域发现，是1973年《濒危物种法案》下第一批得到全面保护的物种之一。栖息地的改变，如大坝引起的流量和水温的变化，以及外来鱼类的引入，导致了座头鲸和其他本地鱼类的数量下降。这些栖息地的改变为非本地的运动鱼类虹鳟鱼(Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum 1792)提供了理想的条件。长期以来，管理人员一直在寻求平衡座头鲸的恢复与可行的虹鳟鱼渔业。然而，找到这种平衡需要了解环境条件和虹鳟是如何影响座头鲸种群的。最近的研究结果表明，科罗拉多河可以管理虹鳟鱼，同时保持大峡谷国家公园内健康的座头鲸种群。
{"title":"Effects of water temperature, turbidity, and rainbow trout on humpback chub population dynamics","authors":"C. Yackulic, J. B. Hull","doi":"10.3133/fs20193049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193049","url":null,"abstract":"H chub (Gila cypha Miller 1946), found only in the Colorado River Basin, was one of the first species to be given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Habitat alterations, such as changes in flow and water temperature caused by dams, and the introduction of nonnative fish have contributed to population declines in humpback chub and other native fish. These habitat alterations provide ideal conditions for the nonnative sport fish, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum 1792). Managers have long sought to balance recovery of humpback chub with a viable rainbow trout fishery. However, finding this balance requires understanding how environmental conditions and rainbow trout have affected humpback chub populations. Recent findings indicate that the Colorado River can be managed for rainbow trout while maintaining a healthy humpback chub population in Grand Canyon National Park.","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the late 1800s, John Wesley Powell, second Director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), proposed gaging the flow of rivers and streams in the Western United States to evaluate the potential for irrigation. Around the same time, several cities in the Eastern United States established primitive streamgages to help design water-supply systems. Streamgaging technology has greatly advanced since the 1800s, and USGS hydrographers have made at least one streamflow measurement at more than 37,000 sites throughout the years. Today, the USGS Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program supports the collection and (or) delivery of both streamflow and water-level information for more than 8,500 sites (continuous or partial record) and water-level information alone for more than 1,700 additional sites. The data are served online—most in near realtime—to meet many diverse needs; more than 640 million requests for streamflow information were fulfilled during the 2017 water year (October 1, 2016‒ September 30, 2017).
{"title":"Monitoring the pulse of our Nation's rivers and streams—The U.S. Geological Survey streamgaging network","authors":"S. Eberts, M. Woodside, M. Landers, C. Wagner","doi":"10.3133/FS20183081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20183081","url":null,"abstract":"In the late 1800s, John Wesley Powell, second Director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), proposed gaging the flow of rivers and streams in the Western United States to evaluate the potential for irrigation. Around the same time, several cities in the Eastern United States established primitive streamgages to help design water-supply systems. Streamgaging technology has greatly advanced since the 1800s, and USGS hydrographers have made at least one streamflow measurement at more than 37,000 sites throughout the years. Today, the USGS Groundwater and Streamflow Information Program supports the collection and (or) delivery of both streamflow and water-level information for more than 8,500 sites (continuous or partial record) and water-level information alone for more than 1,700 additional sites. The data are served online—most in near realtime—to meet many diverse needs; more than 640 million requests for streamflow information were fulfilled during the 2017 water year (October 1, 2016‒ September 30, 2017).","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman
In 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources in two previously unassessed formations in northwestern China. These include an assessment of tight-oil resources in the lower Permian Lucaogou Formation (Yang and others, 2010) of the Santanghu Basin (Altay-Sayan Folded Region Province) and tight gas in the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation (Guo and others, 2014; Yang and others, 2015) in the southern part of the Junggar Basin (Junggar Basin Province) (fig. 1). Lacustrine mudstones of the Lucaogou Formation are present in several basins and intervening uplifts in northwestern China (Carroll and Wartes, 2003). Tight oil is produced from this formation in the Junggar Basin, and in 2016, the USGS completed an assessment of tight-oil and tight-gas resources in the Lucaogou of the Junggar Basin (Potter and others, 2017). Over the past 15 years in the Santanghu Basin, oil has been discovered and produced from several types of tight reservoirs in the Lucaogou Formation; this oil has apparently undergone short-distance vertical migration from interbedded organic-rich mudstone (Hackley and others, 2016). The thick Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation in the southern Junggar Basin represents a fluvial and shallow lacustrine system containing low-permeability channel sandstones interbedded with coal and carbonaceous shale. Guo and others (2014) indicate that the tight sandstone layers and lenses contain a significant gas resource sourced mainly from the coals—a geologic framework that is very similar to that of major tight-gas fields in the western United States. In the southern Junggar Basin, natural gas has been discovered in coal and shale within the Badaowan (Petromin Resources, 2009); possible resource exploration concepts include tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed gas (Guo and others, 2014). This 2018 USGS assessment focused on tight-gas resources in sandstone that are analogous to tight-gas sandstones in the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group in the Piceance Basin, Colorado (Johnson and Roberts, 2003; Cumella, 2009).
2018年，美国地质调查局(USGS)对中国西北部两个此前未评估的地层的非常规(连续)油气资源进行了定量评估。其中包括三塘湖盆地(阿尔泰-萨扬褶皱区)下二叠统芦草沟组致密油资源评价(Yang等，2010)和下侏罗统八道湾组致密气资源评价(Guo等，2014);Yang等，2015)在准噶尔盆地南部(准噶尔省)(图1)。芦草沟组湖相泥岩存在于中国西北部多个盆地和间断性隆升中(Carroll and Wartes, 2003)。2016年，美国地质勘探局完成了准噶尔盆地芦草沟致密油和致密气资源评价(Potter等，2017)。近15年来，在三塘湖盆地芦草沟组发现了几种类型的致密储层。这种油显然是从富有机质互层泥岩中进行了短距离垂直运移(Hackley等人，2016)。准噶尔盆地南部厚的下侏罗统八道湾组为河流-浅湖相体系，含低渗透河道砂岩与煤、碳质页岩互层。Guo等人(2014)指出，致密砂岩层和透镜体包含主要来自煤炭的重要天然气资源，其地质框架与美国西部主要致密气田的地质框架非常相似。准噶尔盆地南部八道湾煤系和页岩中发现天然气(石油资源，2009);可能的资源勘探概念包括致密气、页岩气和煤层气(Guo等人，2014)。2018年美国地质勘探局的评估侧重于砂岩中的致密气资源，这些砂岩类似于科罗拉多州Piceance盆地上白垩统Mesaverde组的致密气砂岩(Johnson and Roberts, 2003;Cumella, 2009)。
{"title":"Assessment of tight-oil and tight-gas resources in the Junggar and Santanghu Basins of Northwestern China, 2018","authors":"C. Potter, C. J. Schenk, T. Mercier, M. Tennyson, T. Finn, Cheryl A. Woodall, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, K. Marra, P. Le, R. M. Drake, M. Brownfield, J. Pitman","doi":"10.3133/FS20193012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/FS20193012","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the unconventional (continuous) oil and gas resources in two previously unassessed formations in northwestern China. These include an assessment of tight-oil resources in the lower Permian Lucaogou Formation (Yang and others, 2010) of the Santanghu Basin (Altay-Sayan Folded Region Province) and tight gas in the Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation (Guo and others, 2014; Yang and others, 2015) in the southern part of the Junggar Basin (Junggar Basin Province) (fig. 1). Lacustrine mudstones of the Lucaogou Formation are present in several basins and intervening uplifts in northwestern China (Carroll and Wartes, 2003). Tight oil is produced from this formation in the Junggar Basin, and in 2016, the USGS completed an assessment of tight-oil and tight-gas resources in the Lucaogou of the Junggar Basin (Potter and others, 2017). Over the past 15 years in the Santanghu Basin, oil has been discovered and produced from several types of tight reservoirs in the Lucaogou Formation; this oil has apparently undergone short-distance vertical migration from interbedded organic-rich mudstone (Hackley and others, 2016). The thick Lower Jurassic Badaowan Formation in the southern Junggar Basin represents a fluvial and shallow lacustrine system containing low-permeability channel sandstones interbedded with coal and carbonaceous shale. Guo and others (2014) indicate that the tight sandstone layers and lenses contain a significant gas resource sourced mainly from the coals—a geologic framework that is very similar to that of major tight-gas fields in the western United States. In the southern Junggar Basin, natural gas has been discovered in coal and shale within the Badaowan (Petromin Resources, 2009); possible resource exploration concepts include tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed gas (Guo and others, 2014). This 2018 USGS assessment focused on tight-gas resources in sandstone that are analogous to tight-gas sandstones in the Upper Cretaceous Mesaverde Group in the Piceance Basin, Colorado (Johnson and Roberts, 2003; Cumella, 2009).","PeriodicalId":36286,"journal":{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69284246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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