Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac777d
E. Emadi, H. Zahed
The solitonic and quasiperiodic structures of dust acoustic (DA) waves are investigated in a three components quantum dusty plasma composed of mobile negative dust grains, ions, and inertialess electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to derive A deformed Korteweg–de Vries (dKdV) equation in planar and nonplanar geometries, and its numerical solutions are obtained using the two level finite difference approximation method. The influence of geometries on DA solitons is discussed. It is observed that in nonplanar geometries, DA solitons travel at different speeds in comparison to one-dimensional planar ones. Furthermore, in the planar geometry, the bifurcation of DA traveling waves has been analyzed on the framework of the dKdV equation. By adding an external periodic force to the derived dKdV equation, the quasiperiodic behaviors of DA waves are presented.
{"title":"Study of cylindrical and spherical dust acoustic solitons and quasiperiodic structures in a quantum dusty plasma","authors":"E. Emadi, H. Zahed","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac777d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac777d","url":null,"abstract":"The solitonic and quasiperiodic structures of dust acoustic (DA) waves are investigated in a three components quantum dusty plasma composed of mobile negative dust grains, ions, and inertialess electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to derive A deformed Korteweg–de Vries (dKdV) equation in planar and nonplanar geometries, and its numerical solutions are obtained using the two level finite difference approximation method. The influence of geometries on DA solitons is discussed. It is observed that in nonplanar geometries, DA solitons travel at different speeds in comparison to one-dimensional planar ones. Furthermore, in the planar geometry, the bifurcation of DA traveling waves has been analyzed on the framework of the dKdV equation. By adding an external periodic force to the derived dKdV equation, the quasiperiodic behaviors of DA waves are presented.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44753046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-09DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac777e
Vikas Rathore, Vyom Desai, N. Jamnapara, S. Nema
In the present work, we study the physicochemical changes that arise in water named plasma processed water (PPW) when it is exposed to the downstream low-pressure discharge of ammonia (NH3) gas. Optical emission spectroscopy and voltage-current characteristics of NH3 plasma are studied to identify species formed in NH3 plasma along with plasma characterization. A three-way full factorial design of experiment is performed to study the effect of process parameters named applied voltage, post-discharge gas-water interaction time, and NH3 gas pressure on physicochemical properties of PPW. The obtained results are analyzed using analysis of variance, standardized effect estimation, regression analysis, and response surfaces. The optimum values of these properties and PPW process parameters are estimated using MATLAB fmincon solver with experimental constraints. The emission spectrum of NH3 plasma showed strong intensity N2 + lines along with weak intensity N2, NH, and N+ lines. The obtained results showed the post-discharge gas-water interaction time and applied voltage had a significant impact on physicochemical properties and ammonium ions concentration in PPW. The obtained optimum value of voltage and time is 550 V and 15 min with given experimental constraints.
{"title":"Activation of water in the downstream of low-pressure ammonia plasma discharge","authors":"Vikas Rathore, Vyom Desai, N. Jamnapara, S. Nema","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac777e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac777e","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, we study the physicochemical changes that arise in water named plasma processed water (PPW) when it is exposed to the downstream low-pressure discharge of ammonia (NH3) gas. Optical emission spectroscopy and voltage-current characteristics of NH3 plasma are studied to identify species formed in NH3 plasma along with plasma characterization. A three-way full factorial design of experiment is performed to study the effect of process parameters named applied voltage, post-discharge gas-water interaction time, and NH3 gas pressure on physicochemical properties of PPW. The obtained results are analyzed using analysis of variance, standardized effect estimation, regression analysis, and response surfaces. The optimum values of these properties and PPW process parameters are estimated using MATLAB fmincon solver with experimental constraints. The emission spectrum of NH3 plasma showed strong intensity N2 + lines along with weak intensity N2, NH, and N+ lines. The obtained results showed the post-discharge gas-water interaction time and applied voltage had a significant impact on physicochemical properties and ammonium ions concentration in PPW. The obtained optimum value of voltage and time is 550 V and 15 min with given experimental constraints.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45298283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac76a4
Z. Wang, P. Stamatoglou, C. Kong, J. Gao, Y. Bao, M. Aldén, A. Ehn, M. Richter
Plasma discharges can be transient and randomly distributed where a few investigations have been carried out using laser-induced fluorescence to capture snapshots of plasma-produced radicals in the near vicinity of the discharge. Radical distribution dynamics, however, are challenging to study in situ with high spatial and temporal resolution to fully capture the interactions between the discharge and the gas. We here demonstrate a planar laser-induced fluorescence method that can capture molecular distributions of ground state hydroxyl radicals in a discharge plasma and follow how the distribution develops in time with a repetition rate of 27 kHz. The technique is demonstrated by monitoring, in real-time, how the tube-like distribution of ground state OH radicals, surrounding a gliding arc plasma, is affected by flow dynamics and how it develops as the high voltage is turned off at atmospheric pressure. The method presented here is an essential tool for capturing radical-distribution dynamics in situ of chemically active environments which is the active region of the plasma induced chemistry.
{"title":"Hydroxyl radical dynamics in a gliding arc discharge using high-speed PLIF imaging","authors":"Z. Wang, P. Stamatoglou, C. Kong, J. Gao, Y. Bao, M. Aldén, A. Ehn, M. Richter","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac76a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac76a4","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma discharges can be transient and randomly distributed where a few investigations have been carried out using laser-induced fluorescence to capture snapshots of plasma-produced radicals in the near vicinity of the discharge. Radical distribution dynamics, however, are challenging to study in situ with high spatial and temporal resolution to fully capture the interactions between the discharge and the gas. We here demonstrate a planar laser-induced fluorescence method that can capture molecular distributions of ground state hydroxyl radicals in a discharge plasma and follow how the distribution develops in time with a repetition rate of 27 kHz. The technique is demonstrated by monitoring, in real-time, how the tube-like distribution of ground state OH radicals, surrounding a gliding arc plasma, is affected by flow dynamics and how it develops as the high voltage is turned off at atmospheric pressure. The method presented here is an essential tool for capturing radical-distribution dynamics in situ of chemically active environments which is the active region of the plasma induced chemistry.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46538479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-27DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac743e
H. Lin, C. P. Liu
Plasma electromagnetic (EM) kinetic simulation faces two unavoidable difficulties. One arises from the fact that Maxwell equations determine a simultaneity relation between transverse electric field E⃗Tr and local growth rates of probability distribution function (PDF) f in Vlasov-Maxwell (V-M) simulation in Eulerian approach, so does that between ETr and Lagrangian particles’ time-varying rates which refers to displacement of f -element in 6D phase space in V-M simulation in Lagrangian approach, and macroparticles’ accelerating rates in Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation. These simultaneous with ETr are termed as bottom objects’ growth rates (BOGRs) in this work. Directly solving the BOGRs needs to diagonalize a large full matrix, and hence often be approximated. The other arises from the fact that Lagrangian particles’ time-histories should uniformly converge with respect to the time-step. This severe requirement is difficult to be satisfied and hence some of Lagrangian particles’ time-histories lose fidelity. We propose a strict alternative method free from two difficulties. The initial-value problem of V-M system can be interpreted by 6D phase space allowed deformation of an initial f -profile. By virtue of a more compact description of f, in which a conditional probability density function (C-PDF) well reflects some macroscopic conservation laws behind the V-M system, we can interpret the initial-value problem of f in terms of 6D standing-wave oscillation in the C-PDF. A key subtle difference between microscopic scalar field and microscopic vector field can also lead to a similar scheme of particle simulation. PACS: 52.65.-y.
{"title":"6D phase space collective modes in Vlasov-Maxwell system","authors":"H. Lin, C. P. Liu","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac743e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac743e","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma electromagnetic (EM) kinetic simulation faces two unavoidable difficulties. One arises from the fact that Maxwell equations determine a simultaneity relation between transverse electric field E⃗Tr and local growth rates of probability distribution function (PDF) f in Vlasov-Maxwell (V-M) simulation in Eulerian approach, so does that between ETr and Lagrangian particles’ time-varying rates which refers to displacement of f -element in 6D phase space in V-M simulation in Lagrangian approach, and macroparticles’ accelerating rates in Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation. These simultaneous with ETr are termed as bottom objects’ growth rates (BOGRs) in this work. Directly solving the BOGRs needs to diagonalize a large full matrix, and hence often be approximated. The other arises from the fact that Lagrangian particles’ time-histories should uniformly converge with respect to the time-step. This severe requirement is difficult to be satisfied and hence some of Lagrangian particles’ time-histories lose fidelity. We propose a strict alternative method free from two difficulties. The initial-value problem of V-M system can be interpreted by 6D phase space allowed deformation of an initial f -profile. By virtue of a more compact description of f, in which a conditional probability density function (C-PDF) well reflects some macroscopic conservation laws behind the V-M system, we can interpret the initial-value problem of f in terms of 6D standing-wave oscillation in the C-PDF. A key subtle difference between microscopic scalar field and microscopic vector field can also lead to a similar scheme of particle simulation. PACS: 52.65.-y.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48785331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac73e5
Shivani Singh, Jyoti, K. Misra
The objective of this study is to analyse instabilities and growth rate in unmagnetized dense non-relativistic collisionless quantum plasma under the impact of dynamics of ions. Model of quantum hydrodynamics is used to observe the streaming instabilities in highly dense inhomogeneous unmagnetized quantum plasma at low temperature. The model includes continuity and momentum equations for degenerate electrons and nondegenerate ions which interact with each other due to electrostatic field. Using normal mode analysis and linearization, perturbed potential is obtained in terms of unperturbed parameters with the help of first order perturbation in densities and velocities of electrons and ions while neglecting higher order perturbations. Variation in growth rates for detected instabilities is observed by using appropriate quantum plasma parameters.
{"title":"Two stream instabilities in unmagnetized nonrelativistic quantum plasma","authors":"Shivani Singh, Jyoti, K. Misra","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac73e5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac73e5","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to analyse instabilities and growth rate in unmagnetized dense non-relativistic collisionless quantum plasma under the impact of dynamics of ions. Model of quantum hydrodynamics is used to observe the streaming instabilities in highly dense inhomogeneous unmagnetized quantum plasma at low temperature. The model includes continuity and momentum equations for degenerate electrons and nondegenerate ions which interact with each other due to electrostatic field. Using normal mode analysis and linearization, perturbed potential is obtained in terms of unperturbed parameters with the help of first order perturbation in densities and velocities of electrons and ions while neglecting higher order perturbations. Variation in growth rates for detected instabilities is observed by using appropriate quantum plasma parameters.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49517399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac7128
S. Barman, Sanjeev Kumar Maurya, S. Bhattacharjee
We experimentally demonstrate nonlinear demagnification (DM) in plasma-based charged particle optics. The nonlinearity originates from the non-uniform penetration of electric fields through the plasma sheath region, when the object beam size (d P ) is reduced to below the Debye length (λ d ). The strength of nonlinearity depends upon d P and λ d , as confirmed from experimental results and a theoretical model. Nonlinear DM is unique to optics of classical Maxwell-Boltzmann systems and unrealized in conventional liquid metal sources where the Fermi Debye length ≪d P . The realization of plasma sheaths being able to control DM can greatly enhance the performance of charged particle optical systems.
{"title":"Experimental realization of nonlinear demagnification in plasma-based charged particle optics","authors":"S. Barman, Sanjeev Kumar Maurya, S. Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac7128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac7128","url":null,"abstract":"We experimentally demonstrate nonlinear demagnification (DM) in plasma-based charged particle optics. The nonlinearity originates from the non-uniform penetration of electric fields through the plasma sheath region, when the object beam size (d P ) is reduced to below the Debye length (λ d ). The strength of nonlinearity depends upon d P and λ d , as confirmed from experimental results and a theoretical model. Nonlinear DM is unique to optics of classical Maxwell-Boltzmann systems and unrealized in conventional liquid metal sources where the Fermi Debye length ≪d P . The realization of plasma sheaths being able to control DM can greatly enhance the performance of charged particle optical systems.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46140770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac6fc0
R. Bansemer, K. Weltmann
An atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet featuring a novel integrated resonator-based multi-frequency impedance matching is presented and briefly characterized. Two narrow RF frequency bands can be chosen for operation or used simultaneously. This includes a mode with the higher frequency value being exactly five times the lower one. Phase-resolved optical emission spectroscopy measurements show a distinct influence of the input frequency combination on the discharge dynamics. Measurements of the dissipated electrical power and the emission spectrum for each operating mode complete the basic characterization of the device. Although it is constructively much simpler and more compact than dual-frequency discharges using a conventional impedance matching system, the presented device shows an excellent performance in dual-frequency operation.
{"title":"A resonator-based dual-frequency driven atmospheric pressure plasma jet","authors":"R. Bansemer, K. Weltmann","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac6fc0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac6fc0","url":null,"abstract":"An atmospheric-pressure argon plasma jet featuring a novel integrated resonator-based multi-frequency impedance matching is presented and briefly characterized. Two narrow RF frequency bands can be chosen for operation or used simultaneously. This includes a mode with the higher frequency value being exactly five times the lower one. Phase-resolved optical emission spectroscopy measurements show a distinct influence of the input frequency combination on the discharge dynamics. Measurements of the dissipated electrical power and the emission spectrum for each operating mode complete the basic characterization of the device. Although it is constructively much simpler and more compact than dual-frequency discharges using a conventional impedance matching system, the presented device shows an excellent performance in dual-frequency operation.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46271266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-06DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac64ee
R. Gott, K. Engeling, C. Johnson, H. Boles, Victoria Brown, M. Hummerick, G. Massa, Annie Meier
As human innovation continuously expands the knowledge base for life beyond Earth, the need for self-sufficient spacecraft is essential. With that, space crop production facilities are ever expanding for research and development. A current area of key interest is seed sanitation before transport from ground to the International Space Station (ISS). Sanitation practices are performed to mitigate any potential biohazard and to ensure the viability of the seed. Conventional methods involve fumigation of seeds or chemical processes but are not effective with all seed types. Therefore, plasma technology was implemented in this research to explore low-temperature plasmas as an alternative means for seed sanitation without the need for chemicals. This project investigated the viability of plasma as a means for sanitation by incorporating three different plasma types within the study. For the treatment of Cherry Belle radish seeds, the optimal system was a radio frequency (RF) sub-atmospheric plasma chamber. Treatments of 100 W for 10 min or longer with the Diener system consistently reduced microbial loads by 90% or more. While 20-min treatments caused reductions in germination rate, a treatment of 15 min with the Diener system at 100 W consistently resulted in germination rates above 80% after 1 month of seed storage. For the 5 and 10 min treatments at a pressure of 187 mTorr and power of 100 W, growth was also accelerated. Additionally, plasma provided 90% reduction of Escherichia coli and Bacillus pumilis and a 99% reduction of Fusarium ozysporum on inoculated seeds. Overall, the plasma systems show promising potential but require further exploration.
{"title":"Plasma sanitization of cherry belle radish seeds for Space agricultural applications","authors":"R. Gott, K. Engeling, C. Johnson, H. Boles, Victoria Brown, M. Hummerick, G. Massa, Annie Meier","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac64ee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac64ee","url":null,"abstract":"As human innovation continuously expands the knowledge base for life beyond Earth, the need for self-sufficient spacecraft is essential. With that, space crop production facilities are ever expanding for research and development. A current area of key interest is seed sanitation before transport from ground to the International Space Station (ISS). Sanitation practices are performed to mitigate any potential biohazard and to ensure the viability of the seed. Conventional methods involve fumigation of seeds or chemical processes but are not effective with all seed types. Therefore, plasma technology was implemented in this research to explore low-temperature plasmas as an alternative means for seed sanitation without the need for chemicals. This project investigated the viability of plasma as a means for sanitation by incorporating three different plasma types within the study. For the treatment of Cherry Belle radish seeds, the optimal system was a radio frequency (RF) sub-atmospheric plasma chamber. Treatments of 100 W for 10 min or longer with the Diener system consistently reduced microbial loads by 90% or more. While 20-min treatments caused reductions in germination rate, a treatment of 15 min with the Diener system at 100 W consistently resulted in germination rates above 80% after 1 month of seed storage. For the 5 and 10 min treatments at a pressure of 187 mTorr and power of 100 W, growth was also accelerated. Additionally, plasma provided 90% reduction of Escherichia coli and Bacillus pumilis and a 99% reduction of Fusarium ozysporum on inoculated seeds. Overall, the plasma systems show promising potential but require further exploration.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41946576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-09DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac5be4
N. Sharma, M. Chakraborty, A. Mukherjee, P. Saha
In this study, the influence of the position of a magnetic filter on electron temperature and hence on the negative ion density in helicon oxygen discharge is investigated. This study is performed with the view to improve negative ion density in radio frequency (RF) plasma. RF plasma is produced in the source region of Helicon Plasma Source (HeliPS) and the variation of electron temperature, density, and negative ion density in case of oxygen discharge is studied to determine the optimum position of the magnetic filter relative to the position of the antenna where RF power is applied. It is observed that the RF field can penetrate beyond the magnetic filter and cause additional ionization in the expansion chamber and thereby produce high energy electrons and decrease the negative ion density. Therefore, the position of the magnetic filter should be sufficiently away from the location of the antenna as it influences the formation of negative ions.
{"title":"Influence of magnetic filter position on negative ion density in oxygen RF discharge","authors":"N. Sharma, M. Chakraborty, A. Mukherjee, P. Saha","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac5be4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac5be4","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the influence of the position of a magnetic filter on electron temperature and hence on the negative ion density in helicon oxygen discharge is investigated. This study is performed with the view to improve negative ion density in radio frequency (RF) plasma. RF plasma is produced in the source region of Helicon Plasma Source (HeliPS) and the variation of electron temperature, density, and negative ion density in case of oxygen discharge is studied to determine the optimum position of the magnetic filter relative to the position of the antenna where RF power is applied. It is observed that the RF field can penetrate beyond the magnetic filter and cause additional ionization in the expansion chamber and thereby produce high energy electrons and decrease the negative ion density. Therefore, the position of the magnetic filter should be sufficiently away from the location of the antenna as it influences the formation of negative ions.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45378246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-04DOI: 10.1088/2516-1067/ac5ac2
R. Yarahmadi, S. Soleimani-Alyar
Background. The present study considers the main physicochemical parameters included in the optimum removal efficiency of carbon monoxide (CO) using the plasma-driven catalysis reactor. Material and Methods. A nonthermal plasma (NTP) –catalyst process was applied to investigate the removal efficiency of CO. The interaction of proposed factors such as; temperature, space-time, propane concentration, applied voltage, and the current was studied to estimate the optimum conditions of CO removal efficiency. Data analysis of experiments was done using General Linear Model (GLM) analysis in SPSS (version 22.0.) and fit linear regression model in MATLAB R2013a software. Results and Discussion. The results showed the interaction of temperature and space-time play a key role in CO removal (P-value <0.05). This interaction was found significantly positive with a decrease in space-time. The effect of applied voltage and current (i.e., two main parameters of power consumption) was found significant in the interaction model of C3H8/CO ratio with temperature, as well as space-time. Also, the presented regression model of results confirms the meaningful effect of interactions. Reduction of space-time is known as an energy consumption parameter controlled by reactor gap discharge, gas composition, and inner electrode material. The effect of propane presence as a reducer agent in the gas composition was found significant in the interaction model of space-time and temperature. Conclusion. Considering physicochemical parameters in designing NTP- catalyst reactors can influence energy efficiency significantly.
{"title":"The prediction model of regression for the CO removal from exhaust using plasma- catalyst process","authors":"R. Yarahmadi, S. Soleimani-Alyar","doi":"10.1088/2516-1067/ac5ac2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1067/ac5ac2","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The present study considers the main physicochemical parameters included in the optimum removal efficiency of carbon monoxide (CO) using the plasma-driven catalysis reactor. Material and Methods. A nonthermal plasma (NTP) –catalyst process was applied to investigate the removal efficiency of CO. The interaction of proposed factors such as; temperature, space-time, propane concentration, applied voltage, and the current was studied to estimate the optimum conditions of CO removal efficiency. Data analysis of experiments was done using General Linear Model (GLM) analysis in SPSS (version 22.0.) and fit linear regression model in MATLAB R2013a software. Results and Discussion. The results showed the interaction of temperature and space-time play a key role in CO removal (P-value <0.05). This interaction was found significantly positive with a decrease in space-time. The effect of applied voltage and current (i.e., two main parameters of power consumption) was found significant in the interaction model of C3H8/CO ratio with temperature, as well as space-time. Also, the presented regression model of results confirms the meaningful effect of interactions. Reduction of space-time is known as an energy consumption parameter controlled by reactor gap discharge, gas composition, and inner electrode material. The effect of propane presence as a reducer agent in the gas composition was found significant in the interaction model of space-time and temperature. Conclusion. Considering physicochemical parameters in designing NTP- catalyst reactors can influence energy efficiency significantly.","PeriodicalId":36295,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Research Express","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61181897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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