Pub Date : 2020-06-08DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_08
A. Estim, S. R. M. Shaleh, R. Shapawi, Shafiqah Saufie, S. Mustafa
Aquaponics is an emerging area of ecological aquaculture comprising diverse technologies that converge on integrating recirculating aquaculture and hydroponics in one production unit. It has made possible to simultaneously produce fish and vegetables with nutrient cascading and water conservation as among its core concepts. While production of these food items is the material output of the system, there is a complexity of processes involved which opens a vast scope for innovations. Production of fish and plants integrated in the aquaponics fluctuates depending on the various biodynamic links that influence the nutrient turnover and water quality across the unit. A successful operation of aquaponics production unit, therefore, requires a thorough understanding of the whole system as a functioning ecosystem comprising fish, plant and the nitrifying bacteria. These biological components differ in their optimum requirements but the overall homoeostasis of the composite system can be maintained through regulating the water quality and nutrient profiles by way of adaptive interventions for acceptable tradeoffs. Balancing of nutrients by appropriate rates of stocking of fed and extractor species, feeding based on nutrient composition and anticipated excreted nutrients are essential for sustainability of aquaponics. It deserves emphasis that with so many variables in the system, there is obviously a vast scope for unlimited diversification and innovations to improve the production efficiency and sustainability. Regions facing water stress or where conservation of water is a priority will particularly benefit from aquaponics.
{"title":"Maximizing Efficiency and Sustainability of Aquatic Food Production from Aquaponics Systems - A Critical Review of Challenges and Solution Options","authors":"A. Estim, S. R. M. Shaleh, R. Shapawi, Shafiqah Saufie, S. Mustafa","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_08","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaponics is an emerging area of ecological aquaculture comprising diverse technologies that converge on integrating recirculating aquaculture and hydroponics in one production unit. It has made possible to simultaneously produce fish and vegetables with nutrient cascading and water conservation as among its core concepts. While production of these food items is the material output of the system, there is a complexity of processes involved which opens a vast scope for innovations. Production of fish and plants integrated in the aquaponics fluctuates depending on the various biodynamic links that influence the nutrient turnover and water quality across the unit. A successful operation of aquaponics production unit, therefore, requires a thorough understanding of the whole system as a functioning ecosystem comprising fish, plant and the nitrifying bacteria. These biological components differ in their optimum requirements but the overall homoeostasis of the composite system can be maintained through regulating the water quality and nutrient profiles by way of adaptive interventions for acceptable tradeoffs. Balancing of nutrients by appropriate rates of stocking of fed and extractor species, feeding based on nutrient composition and anticipated excreted nutrients are essential for sustainability of aquaponics. It deserves emphasis that with so many variables in the system, there is obviously a vast scope for unlimited diversification and innovations to improve the production efficiency and sustainability. Regions facing water stress or where conservation of water is a priority will particularly benefit from aquaponics.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42972189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_05
A. Salisu, Muhammad Al-Zibdah, T. Al-Najjar
Clarias gariepinus fry requires feed that is rich in protein and essential fatty acid, but protein-rich feed is quite expensive especially when derived from animal origin. The present study aims to find less expensive feed for fry affordable for C. gariepinus farmers. About 3600 fries (Weight =1.49±0.03 mg) produced artificially, were stocked in twenty-four plastic containers (measuring 30×35×24cm). The containers were divided into eight treatments (T0 to T7) in triplicate. Seven different powdered feeds F1 to F7 (prepared from Ulva lactuca, Grasshopper and chicken egg) were respectively fed to the fry in the seven treatments T1 to T7 against Artemia Shell free as a control (T0) for two weeks. The results obtained revealed significant differences in terms of growth and economic response among the experimental treatments (P<0.05). The finding shows reduction in feeding costs from 54.90% in control to 19.98% and 19.90% while maintaining high growth performance and net profit in T6 (1:1 mixture of grasshopper and microencapsulated whole egg) and T5 (1:1 mixture of U. lactuca and Microencapsulated whole egg) respectively. Thus, for affordable feed and best profit, more should be explored on the benefit of using ingredients in T5 and T6 as possible feed for C. gariepinus.
{"title":"Can Powdered Microencapsulated Whole Egg, Ulva lactuca and Grasshopper Improve Growth Performance and Economic Viability of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fry?","authors":"A. Salisu, Muhammad Al-Zibdah, T. Al-Najjar","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_05","url":null,"abstract":"Clarias gariepinus fry requires feed that is rich in protein and essential fatty acid, but protein-rich feed is quite expensive especially when derived from animal origin. The present study aims to find less expensive feed for fry affordable for C. gariepinus farmers. About 3600 fries (Weight =1.49±0.03 mg) produced artificially, were stocked in twenty-four plastic containers (measuring 30×35×24cm). The containers were divided into eight treatments (T0 to T7) in triplicate. Seven different powdered feeds F1 to F7 (prepared from Ulva lactuca, Grasshopper and chicken egg) were respectively fed to the fry in the seven treatments T1 to T7 against Artemia Shell free as a control (T0) for two weeks. The results obtained revealed significant differences in terms of growth and economic response among the experimental treatments (P<0.05). The finding shows reduction in feeding costs from 54.90% in control to 19.98% and 19.90% while maintaining high growth performance and net profit in T6 (1:1 mixture of grasshopper and microencapsulated whole egg) and T5 (1:1 mixture of U. lactuca and Microencapsulated whole egg) respectively. Thus, for affordable feed and best profit, more should be explored on the benefit of using ingredients in T5 and T6 as possible feed for C. gariepinus.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43990532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aquacultural techniques for floating cage are unknown in Benin that limited the agricultural policies to increase the fish production. This study aims to clarify that situation. Indeed, a questionnaire has been developed and computed in KoBocollect application. The survey’s team is 19 fish farmers. The survey took place in the first quarter of 2019 and concerns technical data. Descriptive statistics were presented and PCA was used for statistical analysis. It was concluded that 89.47% of the fish farmers are men and only 03.30% are aquacultural technicians. In addition, it is noticed that 604 cages are operating on the lagoon with 78.95% of the fish farmers who are owners of 01 to 24 cages and 05.26% own more than 100 cages. The most produced fish species is tilapia (78%). Furthermore, 63.16% of the farmer feed their fish twice per day while 26.32% feed three times per day. Tilapia yield varies between 836 kg and 1,220.22 kg compared to Clarias yield which ranges from 825 kg to 850 kg. The simple rate of return is 1.52 and 1.77 for tilapia and Clarias respectively. Density, feeding frequency, year of experience, number of cages and production cycle time influences yield.
{"title":"Analysis of Practice of Cage Aquaculture System in TohoTodougba Lagoon, Southern Benin (West Africa)","authors":"Aizonou Romaric, Achoh Mardochée Ephraim, Agadjihouèdé Hyppolite","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_04","url":null,"abstract":"Aquacultural techniques for floating cage are unknown in Benin that limited the agricultural policies to increase the fish production. This study aims to clarify that situation. Indeed, a questionnaire has been developed and computed in KoBocollect application. The survey’s team is 19 fish farmers. The survey took place in the first quarter of 2019 and concerns technical data. Descriptive statistics were presented and PCA was used for statistical analysis. It was concluded that 89.47% of the fish farmers are men and only 03.30% are aquacultural technicians. In addition, it is noticed that 604 cages are operating on the lagoon with 78.95% of the fish farmers who are owners of 01 to 24 cages and 05.26% own more than 100 cages. The most produced fish species is tilapia (78%). Furthermore, 63.16% of the farmer feed their fish twice per day while 26.32% feed three times per day. Tilapia yield varies between 836 kg and 1,220.22 kg compared to Clarias yield which ranges from 825 kg to 850 kg. The simple rate of return is 1.52 and 1.77 for tilapia and Clarias respectively. Density, feeding frequency, year of experience, number of cages and production cycle time influences yield.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45502004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_07
Sonam Singh, R. Chaube
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an organochlorine compound used widely as a pesticide, disinfectant, and biocide. Its LC50 was determined, which is 400 μg L-1 in a bioassay system, and toxicity was evaluated in female Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to 1/25th (16 μg L-1) and 1/10th (40 μg L-1) LC50 concentrations for 28 days in previtellogenic and late vitellogenic phases. Behavioural, metabolic and reproductive parameters were evaluated. The exposed fish were put to high stress judging from the significant increase in plasma cortisol and erratic behaviours. The body mass of the liver and ovary decreased significantly. Various histopathological anomalies were noticed in the liver and ovary and were attributed to altered steroid biosynthesis and metabolism judging from increased estradiol-17β and testosterone levels in plasma and their decreased levels in the ovary and liver. The results show that the toxicant can act at different levels to produce behavioural, physiological and pathological changes affecting metabolism and reproduction.
{"title":"Toxicological Impact of Pentachlorophenol on the Hepatic and Reproductive Activity of the Stinging Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis","authors":"Sonam Singh, R. Chaube","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_07","url":null,"abstract":"Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an organochlorine compound used widely as a pesticide, disinfectant, and biocide. Its LC50 was determined, which is 400 μg L-1 in a bioassay system, and toxicity was evaluated in female Heteropneustes fossilis exposed to 1/25th (16 μg L-1) and 1/10th (40 μg L-1) LC50 concentrations for 28 days in previtellogenic and late vitellogenic phases. Behavioural, metabolic and reproductive parameters were evaluated. The exposed fish were put to high stress judging from the significant increase in plasma cortisol and erratic behaviours. The body mass of the liver and ovary decreased significantly. Various histopathological anomalies were noticed in the liver and ovary and were attributed to altered steroid biosynthesis and metabolism judging from increased estradiol-17β and testosterone levels in plasma and their decreased levels in the ovary and liver. The results show that the toxicant can act at different levels to produce behavioural, physiological and pathological changes affecting metabolism and reproduction.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_02
N. Majed, M. K. Alam, Md. Isreq Hossen Real, M. Khan
Excessive concentrations of heavy metals impair ecosystems as some of those cause potential bioaccumulation in living beings. Fishes are the major inhabitants in water bodies which can be highly affected by these toxic pollutants. This study investigated the uptake trends of the metals copper and zinc from water in Anabas testudineous, a common fish species in Bangladesh. The accumulation of heavy metals was quantified in the species during time bound batch experiments with metal dosing. Metal uptake trend in fish muscles revealed that, uptake of Zn in fish occurred at an elevated level (~7-8 times) than that of Cu. With uptake of metals in fish muscles from water, Cu concentration in the water decreased concomitantly whereas the concentration of Zn did not change noticeably. Correlation analysis indicated significant changes in internal dynamics among water quality parameters between control and experimental tanks. Bio-concentration profile for the metals revealed very high levels for Zn (5-10 times) than those for Cu evidently due to higher amount of uptake of Zn. To summarize, dynamics of heavy metal metabolism in the fish species and their respective correlation with the water quality parameters may vary for different heavy metals and for different fish species as well.
{"title":"Accumulation of Copper and Zinc Metals from Water in Anabus testudineus Fish Species in Bangladesh","authors":"N. Majed, M. K. Alam, Md. Isreq Hossen Real, M. Khan","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_02","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive concentrations of heavy metals impair ecosystems as some of those cause potential bioaccumulation in living beings. Fishes are the major inhabitants in water bodies which can be highly affected by these toxic pollutants. This study investigated the uptake trends of the metals copper and zinc from water in Anabas testudineous, a common fish species in Bangladesh. The accumulation of heavy metals was quantified in the species during time bound batch experiments with metal dosing. Metal uptake trend in fish muscles revealed that, uptake of Zn in fish occurred at an elevated level (~7-8 times) than that of Cu. With uptake of metals in fish muscles from water, Cu concentration in the water decreased concomitantly whereas the concentration of Zn did not change noticeably. Correlation analysis indicated significant changes in internal dynamics among water quality parameters between control and experimental tanks. Bio-concentration profile for the metals revealed very high levels for Zn (5-10 times) than those for Cu evidently due to higher amount of uptake of Zn. To summarize, dynamics of heavy metal metabolism in the fish species and their respective correlation with the water quality parameters may vary for different heavy metals and for different fish species as well.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43834915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_06
I. O. Oke, A. Dada, Olayemi Razaq Saliu, Esther Bosede Kuyoro
The effects of sweetheart plant (Desmodium adscendens) leaf powder on the reproductive indices of Clarias gariepinus was investigated in this study. 30 Male C. gariepinus (mean weight 325.7 ±7.50g) and 30 female C. gariepinus (mean weight 330.97 ± 2.31g) were used for the experiment. Five diets with a crude protein of 40% were formulated with inclusion level of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0g of Desmodium adscendens leaf powder per 100g of basal feed designated as D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 respectively. The fish were stocked in 20 concrete tanks (2m × 2m × 1.5m) at 3 fish/tank and water level maintained at 1m throughout. Male and female fish were stocked separately. The fish were fed at 3% body weight twice between 0800 and 1700 hours daily for 56 days. Male C. gariepinus broodstock fed 1.5 g of Desmodium adscendens leaf powder per 100g of basal feed had significantly higher (P<0.05) sperm counts, percentage motility and milt volume. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the weight of ovaries of female fish. The inclusion level of 1.5g and 2.0g of D. adscendens powder in 100g of basal feed improved the pro-fertility of male and female brood stock respectively.
{"title":"Dietary Effects of Desmodium (Desmodium adscendens) Leaves on the Reproductive Indices in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstock","authors":"I. O. Oke, A. Dada, Olayemi Razaq Saliu, Esther Bosede Kuyoro","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_06","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of sweetheart plant (Desmodium adscendens) leaf powder on the reproductive indices of Clarias gariepinus was investigated in this study. 30 Male C. gariepinus (mean weight 325.7 ±7.50g) and 30 female C. gariepinus (mean weight 330.97 ± 2.31g) were used for the experiment. Five diets with a crude protein of 40% were formulated with inclusion level of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0g of Desmodium adscendens leaf powder per 100g of basal feed designated as D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5 respectively. The fish were stocked in 20 concrete tanks (2m × 2m × 1.5m) at 3 fish/tank and water level maintained at 1m throughout. Male and female fish were stocked separately. The fish were fed at 3% body weight twice between 0800 and 1700 hours daily for 56 days. Male C. gariepinus broodstock fed 1.5 g of Desmodium adscendens leaf powder per 100g of basal feed had significantly higher (P<0.05) sperm counts, percentage motility and milt volume. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the weight of ovaries of female fish. The inclusion level of 1.5g and 2.0g of D. adscendens powder in 100g of basal feed improved the pro-fertility of male and female brood stock respectively.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46163455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_03
Rabeya Akter, A. Parvin, H. Jahan, Z. Hossain
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of Kinalax 25 EC, an organophosphate pesticide on silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). Histological bioassay of gill, liver and kidney of B. gonionotus, RBC count and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were performed to evaluate the effects of the Kinalax 25 EC at cellular and enzymatic levels. The LC50 value of Kinalax 25 EC was estimated as 0.071 ppm for B. gonionotus. The remarkable changes included missing of gill lamellae, gill clubbing, hyperplasia, nuclear hypertrophy, vacuolation, glomerular expansion, increasing the diameter of renal tubules, hemorrhage, necrosis and pyknosis. Several changes in peripheral nuclear erythrocyte included large lymphocyte, dead cell, fusion of cell, binucleated cell, tear-shaped cell, ghost cell, senile cell and abnormal shape of cell were found. The RBC count was significantly higher (P>0.01) in lower doses compared to higher doses of pesticide in B. gonionotus. The level of AChE activities in B. gonionotus brain significantly decreased (P>0.01) in pesticides treated fish compared to control. The result of this study reveals that the synthetic organophosphorus pesticide adversely affects the organ-specific histology, haematology and brain acetylcholinesterase activities of B. gonionotus.
{"title":"Impact of Kinalax EC on Vital Organ Histomorphology, Blood Cell Structure and Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus)","authors":"Rabeya Akter, A. Parvin, H. Jahan, Z. Hossain","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v19_2_03","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of Kinalax 25 EC, an organophosphate pesticide on silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). Histological bioassay of gill, liver and kidney of B. gonionotus, RBC count and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were performed to evaluate the effects of the Kinalax 25 EC at cellular and enzymatic levels. The LC50 value of Kinalax 25 EC was estimated as 0.071 ppm for B. gonionotus. The remarkable changes included missing of gill lamellae, gill clubbing, hyperplasia, nuclear hypertrophy, vacuolation, glomerular expansion, increasing the diameter of renal tubules, hemorrhage, necrosis and pyknosis. Several changes in peripheral nuclear erythrocyte included large lymphocyte, dead cell, fusion of cell, binucleated cell, tear-shaped cell, ghost cell, senile cell and abnormal shape of cell were found. The RBC count was significantly higher (P>0.01) in lower doses compared to higher doses of pesticide in B. gonionotus. The level of AChE activities in B. gonionotus brain significantly decreased (P>0.01) in pesticides treated fish compared to control. The result of this study reveals that the synthetic organophosphorus pesticide adversely affects the organ-specific histology, haematology and brain acetylcholinesterase activities of B. gonionotus.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41779496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_04
M. U. Effiong, Clement Ameh Yaro
This study evaluated effects of diets containing different vegetable oil resources on growth performances, body compositions and fatty acid profile of Clarias gariepinus. The oils were incorporated at 7% level of the diet. Fingerlings were randomly stocked at 20 fish per floating net-hapa (1m3) and fed the experimental diets for 12 weeks. Fatty acid methyl esters and proximate compositions were determined. Growth performances revealed that fish fed palm oil-based diets yielded best. Fatty acids profile revealed that lauric, myristic and palmitic acids were the main saturated fatty acids while oleic acid was the main monounsaturated fatty acids. High levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA) (20:4n-6) were observed in muscle lipid of fish fed with sunflower oil diet. The main contributor of saturated fatty acids was lauric with the highest amount (82.57%) reflected in fish fed coconut oil diet. The highest (P<0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids (73.55%) was in fish fed olive oil diet. Proximate analysis revealed catfish belongs to high-protein (15 20%) and high-oil (>5%) category. The ω-3/ω-6 ratios obtained in muscle fatty acids of catfish fed olive, sunflower and sesame-oil diets were within the recommended daily intake of EPA and DHA for normal human health.
{"title":"Fatty Acid Composition of Fillets of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Fed with Various Oil-Based Diets","authors":"M. U. Effiong, Clement Ameh Yaro","doi":"10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v20_1_04","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated effects of diets containing different vegetable oil resources on growth performances, body compositions and fatty acid profile of Clarias gariepinus. The oils were incorporated at 7% level of the diet. Fingerlings were randomly stocked at 20 fish per floating net-hapa (1m3) and fed the experimental diets for 12 weeks. Fatty acid methyl esters and proximate compositions were determined. Growth performances revealed that fish fed palm oil-based diets yielded best. Fatty acids profile revealed that lauric, myristic and palmitic acids were the main saturated fatty acids while oleic acid was the main monounsaturated fatty acids. High levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA) (20:4n-6) were observed in muscle lipid of fish fed with sunflower oil diet. The main contributor of saturated fatty acids was lauric with the highest amount (82.57%) reflected in fish fed coconut oil diet. The highest (P<0.05) monounsaturated fatty acids (73.55%) was in fish fed olive oil diet. Proximate analysis revealed catfish belongs to high-protein (15 20%) and high-oil (>5%) category. The ω-3/ω-6 ratios obtained in muscle fatty acids of catfish fed olive, sunflower and sesame-oil diets were within the recommended daily intake of EPA and DHA for normal human health.","PeriodicalId":36343,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70421934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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