Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP), a non-progressive brain disorder, occurs due to the destruction of the brain during its development and causes neuro-muscular disturbances. CP patients are highly susceptible to dental disorders. Here, we present a case of eosinophilic ulcer in the tongue of a boy who had CP with multiple carious teeth, for whom oral rehabilitation was carried out under general anesthesia. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old boy with CP presented to the Oral Medicine Department of Dental School of Semnan University of Medical Sciences with the chief complaint of chronic traumatic ulceration of the tongue. Because of the lack of his cooperation, after obtaining his parents’ informed consent, we decided to do the dental treatment under anesthesia. The intraoral examination showed that all of his teeth had severe caries with almost lost crowns. There was a horizontal incisor erupted toward his tongue leading to the tongue ulceration since two months ago. We started the extraction of the exposed roots of the mandibular teeth and then the maxillary roots. The antibiotics, analgesics, and mouthwash were prescribed. In a recall session two weeks later, the ulcer totally disappeared, but the contour of the tongue was depressed with the intact mucosa and no color changes. Conclusions: Oral health problems in patients with CP may be neglected compared to their overall health management. The multidisciplinary approach is necessary for oral health care and may be defined as an essential scheme for improving their quality of life.
{"title":"Eosinophilic Ulcer of the Tongue in a Patient with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report","authors":"M. Sadrabad, Shabnam Sohanian","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.90460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.90460","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP), a non-progressive brain disorder, occurs due to the destruction of the brain during its development and causes neuro-muscular disturbances. CP patients are highly susceptible to dental disorders. Here, we present a case of eosinophilic ulcer in the tongue of a boy who had CP with multiple carious teeth, for whom oral rehabilitation was carried out under general anesthesia. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old boy with CP presented to the Oral Medicine Department of Dental School of Semnan University of Medical Sciences with the chief complaint of chronic traumatic ulceration of the tongue. Because of the lack of his cooperation, after obtaining his parents’ informed consent, we decided to do the dental treatment under anesthesia. The intraoral examination showed that all of his teeth had severe caries with almost lost crowns. There was a horizontal incisor erupted toward his tongue leading to the tongue ulceration since two months ago. We started the extraction of the exposed roots of the mandibular teeth and then the maxillary roots. The antibiotics, analgesics, and mouthwash were prescribed. In a recall session two weeks later, the ulcer totally disappeared, but the contour of the tongue was depressed with the intact mucosa and no color changes. Conclusions: Oral health problems in patients with CP may be neglected compared to their overall health management. The multidisciplinary approach is necessary for oral health care and may be defined as an essential scheme for improving their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44554283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Fernández-Cuadros, O. Pérez-Moro, M. Albaladejo-Florín, Beatriz Entrambasaguas-Estepa, S. Álava-Rabasa
Objectives: A randomized parallel controlled trial was designed to compare efficacy of ozone (O 2 -O 3 ) against platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as intra-articular infiltrations in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Methods: Tertiary-level outpatient rehabilitation service. Subjects: Fifty-four patients with knee OA grades 2 a - 4 a according to Kellgren-Lawrencescalewereincludedafterobtaininganinformedconsent. Thetargetsamplesizewas27patientspergroup. Inter-vention: Patientsreceivedfourozone(interventiongroup)orthreeplatelet-richplasma(controlgroup)intra-articularinfiltrations at a one-week interval. Outcome measures: Patients were clinically and functionally evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS pain) and by Western Ontario and Mac Master index for osteoarthritis (WOMAC) at baseline and at two months follow-up. Pain, stiffness, function, and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated outcome variables. Results: Overall,27patientswererandomlyallocatedtotheinterventiongroup(ozone)and27tothecontrolgroup(PRP).Improve-mentinpain,function,andQoLwereobservedinbothgroupswithoutastatisticaldifference(P> 0.05). Stiffnessimprovementwas significant between similar and different treatment groups (P < 0.05). No side-effects were observed in either group. Conclusions: Ozone (O 2 -O 3 ) is as effective as PRP in the management of knee OA. Both interventions improved pain, function, and QoL with no statistical difference between them.
{"title":"Mid-Term Effectiveness of Ozone (O2-O3) Compared to Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Parallel Controlled Trial","authors":"M. E. Fernández-Cuadros, O. Pérez-Moro, M. Albaladejo-Florín, Beatriz Entrambasaguas-Estepa, S. Álava-Rabasa","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.74140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.74140","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A randomized parallel controlled trial was designed to compare efficacy of ozone (O 2 -O 3 ) against platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as intra-articular infiltrations in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Methods: Tertiary-level outpatient rehabilitation service. Subjects: Fifty-four patients with knee OA grades 2 a - 4 a according to Kellgren-Lawrencescalewereincludedafterobtaininganinformedconsent. Thetargetsamplesizewas27patientspergroup. Inter-vention: Patientsreceivedfourozone(interventiongroup)orthreeplatelet-richplasma(controlgroup)intra-articularinfiltrations at a one-week interval. Outcome measures: Patients were clinically and functionally evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS pain) and by Western Ontario and Mac Master index for osteoarthritis (WOMAC) at baseline and at two months follow-up. Pain, stiffness, function, and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated outcome variables. Results: Overall,27patientswererandomlyallocatedtotheinterventiongroup(ozone)and27tothecontrolgroup(PRP).Improve-mentinpain,function,andQoLwereobservedinbothgroupswithoutastatisticaldifference(P> 0.05). Stiffnessimprovementwas significant between similar and different treatment groups (P < 0.05). No side-effects were observed in either group. Conclusions: Ozone (O 2 -O 3 ) is as effective as PRP in the management of knee OA. Both interventions improved pain, function, and QoL with no statistical difference between them.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46053013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Sincethetestof musclestrengthneedsaperson’smaximumexertion,theobjectiveassessmentof musclesizeisoften used. Among the imaging techniques for assessing muscle size, muscle thickness is easy to measure by ultrasonography. However, little is known about the associations of trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength. Methods: Seventeen healthy male university students participated in this study (20.8 ± 0.6 years). Abdominal (rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis) and low back (lumbar erector spinae, lumbar multifidus) muscle thickness were measured at rest using B-mode ultrasonography. Maximum voluntary isometric trunk flexion, extension, and rotation torque were measured using dynamometers. The relationships between all tested variables were investigated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between flexion and extension torque (r = 0.664, P = 0.004), flexion and right rotation torque (r = 0.565, P = 0.018), flexion and left rotation torque (r = 0.641, P = 0.006), extension and right rotation torque (r = However, there was no significant correlation between trunk muscle thickness and torque. Conclusions: Thisstudyprovidesbasicinformationabouttrunkmusclethicknessandmusclestrengthinhealthymaleadults. The associations of trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength could not be identified through our measurements.
{"title":"Associations of Trunk Muscle Thickness and Muscle Strength in Healthy Male Adults","authors":"H. Ishida, T. Suehiro, Susumu Watanabe","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.91039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.91039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sincethetestof musclestrengthneedsaperson’smaximumexertion,theobjectiveassessmentof musclesizeisoften used. Among the imaging techniques for assessing muscle size, muscle thickness is easy to measure by ultrasonography. However, little is known about the associations of trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength. Methods: Seventeen healthy male university students participated in this study (20.8 ± 0.6 years). Abdominal (rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis) and low back (lumbar erector spinae, lumbar multifidus) muscle thickness were measured at rest using B-mode ultrasonography. Maximum voluntary isometric trunk flexion, extension, and rotation torque were measured using dynamometers. The relationships between all tested variables were investigated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between flexion and extension torque (r = 0.664, P = 0.004), flexion and right rotation torque (r = 0.565, P = 0.018), flexion and left rotation torque (r = 0.641, P = 0.006), extension and right rotation torque (r = However, there was no significant correlation between trunk muscle thickness and torque. Conclusions: Thisstudyprovidesbasicinformationabouttrunkmusclethicknessandmusclestrengthinhealthymaleadults. The associations of trunk muscle thickness and muscle strength could not be identified through our measurements.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46412944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Haghmorad, M. Mahmoudi, P. Haghighi, Paria Alidadiani, Ensieh Shahvazian, Parsova Tavasolian, M. Hosseini, M. Mahmoudi
{"title":"Improvement of Sexual Parameters with Tribulus terrestris and Anacyclus pyrethrum Treatment in Male Rats","authors":"D. Haghmorad, M. Mahmoudi, P. Haghighi, Paria Alidadiani, Ensieh Shahvazian, Parsova Tavasolian, M. Hosseini, M. Mahmoudi","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.81787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.81787","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43856671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Unhealthy lifestyle and lack of readiness to modify are some of the most important factors in the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Objectives: To investigate the correlation of heart knowledge, perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs), and risk perception of heart disease with readiness for lifestyle modification in companions of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Inthiscross-sectionalstudy,200companionsofpatientswithCVDsatImamAliHospitalinKermanshahcitywereselected by convenience sampling. The data were collected using the heart disease knowledge questionnaire (HDKQ), perception of risk of heart disease scale (PRHDS), perceived heart risk factor scale (PHRFS), and readiness for lifestyle modification questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analyses. Results: The participants had a moderate level of readiness for lifestyle modification, PHRFs, and risk perception; while the level of participants’ heartknowledgewasweak. Moreover,therewasasignificantrelationshipbetweenheartknowledgeandreadinessfor lifestyle modification (P = 0.001); however, there was no significant relationship between the risk perception (P = 0.404) and PHRFs (P = 0.073) with readiness for lifestyle modification. Conclusions: The companions of the patients with CVDs have a moderate level of readiness for lifestyle modification. Considering the existence of a significant relationship between readiness for lifestyle modification and heart knowledge, it can be concluded that a higher level of heart knowledge can play an important role in the increased readiness for lifestyle modification by the family members of the patients with CVDs.
{"title":"Correlation of Heart Knowledge and Cardiac Risk Factors with Readiness for Lifestyle Modification in Companions of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases in the West of Iran","authors":"P. Ezzati, S. Salehi","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.88622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.88622","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unhealthy lifestyle and lack of readiness to modify are some of the most important factors in the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Objectives: To investigate the correlation of heart knowledge, perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs), and risk perception of heart disease with readiness for lifestyle modification in companions of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Inthiscross-sectionalstudy,200companionsofpatientswithCVDsatImamAliHospitalinKermanshahcitywereselected by convenience sampling. The data were collected using the heart disease knowledge questionnaire (HDKQ), perception of risk of heart disease scale (PRHDS), perceived heart risk factor scale (PHRFS), and readiness for lifestyle modification questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analyses. Results: The participants had a moderate level of readiness for lifestyle modification, PHRFs, and risk perception; while the level of participants’ heartknowledgewasweak. Moreover,therewasasignificantrelationshipbetweenheartknowledgeandreadinessfor lifestyle modification (P = 0.001); however, there was no significant relationship between the risk perception (P = 0.404) and PHRFs (P = 0.073) with readiness for lifestyle modification. Conclusions: The companions of the patients with CVDs have a moderate level of readiness for lifestyle modification. Considering the existence of a significant relationship between readiness for lifestyle modification and heart knowledge, it can be concluded that a higher level of heart knowledge can play an important role in the increased readiness for lifestyle modification by the family members of the patients with CVDs.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45933026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Classification of high-risk behaviors such as aggression and identifying social, medical, and psychological factors related to it can help the emergence and development of the strategies to prevent these destructive behaviors. Objectives: Thus,thepresentstudywasdonewithtwoobjectives: (i)clusteranalysisoftheaggressioncomponentsandpartitioning cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients and (ii) determining the demographic, medical, and psychological correlations of each cluster. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study was 167 CR patients in western Iran examined from June to December 2017. De-mographicandriskfactorschecklist,Beckanxietyinventory(BAI),Beckdepressioninventory(BDI),andBuss-Perryaggressionques- tionnaire (BPAQ) were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using hierarchical and k-means cluster analysis, Cramer-V test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of binary logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants (66.5% male) was 59.14 ± 9.03. The model proposed two clusters: (i) patients with mild aggression and (ii) patients with severe aggression. Occupation (P = 0.048), marital status (P = 0.048), anxiety (P = 0.006), and depression (P = 0.001) were the most essential predictors of the unhealthy cluster. Our model could explain 30.7% to 41% of the variance of the unhealthy cluster. Conclusions: Cluster analysis divided patients into two groups with mild and severe aggression. Marital status and occupation are the most important demographic correlates, and depression and anxiety are the most important psychological predictors of the cluster with high aggression. The results of the present study can provide a map of the focus of attention on harm reduction interventions by health professionals.
{"title":"Aggregation Partitioning and Study of Demographic, Medical, and Psychological Predictors Related to Derived Clusters in Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Mozhgan Saeidi, Kodamorad Momeni, Keivan Kakabraee","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.86748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.86748","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Classification of high-risk behaviors such as aggression and identifying social, medical, and psychological factors related to it can help the emergence and development of the strategies to prevent these destructive behaviors. Objectives: Thus,thepresentstudywasdonewithtwoobjectives: (i)clusteranalysisoftheaggressioncomponentsandpartitioning cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients and (ii) determining the demographic, medical, and psychological correlations of each cluster. Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study was 167 CR patients in western Iran examined from June to December 2017. De-mographicandriskfactorschecklist,Beckanxietyinventory(BAI),Beckdepressioninventory(BDI),andBuss-Perryaggressionques- tionnaire (BPAQ) were used for data collection. The data were analyzed using hierarchical and k-means cluster analysis, Cramer-V test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of binary logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants (66.5% male) was 59.14 ± 9.03. The model proposed two clusters: (i) patients with mild aggression and (ii) patients with severe aggression. Occupation (P = 0.048), marital status (P = 0.048), anxiety (P = 0.006), and depression (P = 0.001) were the most essential predictors of the unhealthy cluster. Our model could explain 30.7% to 41% of the variance of the unhealthy cluster. Conclusions: Cluster analysis divided patients into two groups with mild and severe aggression. Marital status and occupation are the most important demographic correlates, and depression and anxiety are the most important psychological predictors of the cluster with high aggression. The results of the present study can provide a map of the focus of attention on harm reduction interventions by health professionals.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43018792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Mosallanezhad, M. Abdolalizadeh, M. Salavati, Ahmad Saeedi, Jamshid Mohammadi, F. Ehsani
Background: This methodological study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the questionnaire for patients’ satisfaction with physical therapy. Methods: The Persian version of this questionnaire was prepared through forward and backward translation. Its reliability was examined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. Structural validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis and assessing the correlation between the score of the questionnaire with the visual analog score (VAS) and global rating of change (GRC) scale. The correlation of the questionnaire was checked with PTPSQ. Results: A total of 297 patients with musculoskeletal disorders at public physical therapy centers in Kerman, Iran, participated in this study and 40 participants, five to seven days later, answered the questionnaire again. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.95 and ICC was 0.88. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor solution. The correlation coefficients of the total score of the questionnaire with the VAS and GRC scores were -0.24 (P = 0.0001) and -0.32 (P = 0.0001), respectively. The correlation of this questionnaire with the other physiotherapy satisfaction questionnaire was good. Conclusions: The Persian version of the 14 items on patient satisfaction with physical therapy questionnaire exhibited acceptable reliability and validity.
{"title":"Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Construct Validation of Patient Satisfaction with the Physical Therapy Questionnaire in Persian","authors":"Z. Mosallanezhad, M. Abdolalizadeh, M. Salavati, Ahmad Saeedi, Jamshid Mohammadi, F. Ehsani","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.83609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.83609","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This methodological study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the questionnaire for patients’ satisfaction with physical therapy. Methods: The Persian version of this questionnaire was prepared through forward and backward translation. Its reliability was examined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha. Structural validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis and assessing the correlation between the score of the questionnaire with the visual analog score (VAS) and global rating of change (GRC) scale. The correlation of the questionnaire was checked with PTPSQ. Results: A total of 297 patients with musculoskeletal disorders at public physical therapy centers in Kerman, Iran, participated in this study and 40 participants, five to seven days later, answered the questionnaire again. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.95 and ICC was 0.88. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor solution. The correlation coefficients of the total score of the questionnaire with the VAS and GRC scores were -0.24 (P = 0.0001) and -0.32 (P = 0.0001), respectively. The correlation of this questionnaire with the other physiotherapy satisfaction questionnaire was good. Conclusions: The Persian version of the 14 items on patient satisfaction with physical therapy questionnaire exhibited acceptable reliability and validity.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48803464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mirmohammadkhani, F. Ghahremanfard, Khadije Tayyebi, Heshmat Beigom Ghadamgahi
Objectives: Knowledge about the pattern and direct costs of medical services allocated to a given disease in a particular community can help to realize its economic burden in that community better regarding its socioeconomic features. A significant part of medical diagnostics and therapeutics for patients with cancer is made within three to six months after its detection, and their related costs are named as early direct costs. The current study aimed at evaluating the early direct costs of the incidence of cancer in a sample of Iranian patients. Methods: The current descriptive study was conducted on some patients with cancer referred to the only oncology clinic in Semnan city, Iran, from 2011 to 2014 for chemotherapy. Some primary information about the type of services received and their direct costs, and also some demographics and social characteristics were gathered from patients' medical records. Costs were converted to US dollars and their means ± standard deviation (SD) were reported. Results: Fifty patients participated in the study. The most common types of cancer were breast cancer (n = 18, 36%), followed by colorectal cancer (n = 13, 26%). Other types included the esophagus, gastric, pancreas, lymphoma, ovarian, leukemia, and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. The mean ± SD of cost for doctor visits was US$1666.58 ± 41.64, US$221.97 ± 149.72, for imaging, US$200.55 ± 86.62 for lab tests, US$693.70 ± 530.90 for drugs, US$375.18 ± 156.89 for chemotherapy, US$492.03 ± 774.87 for surgical hospitalization, and US$75.86 ± 40.26 for non-surgical services, with the total average cost of US$2164.52 ± 1156.56. The total calculated early direct costs to manage colorectal cancer were estimated US$3017.26, and for breast cancer US$1923.23. No difference was observed in the costs of services including doctor’s visits, imaging, laboratory tests, medications, or non-surgical services among the different subtypes of cancers; however, higher costs for chemotherapy and surgical services were specified to colorectal cancer. Conclusions: The study findings suggested that the economic burden of colorectal cancer in Iran was larger than the other types of cancer regarding its early direct costs.
{"title":"Early Direct Costs of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services for Patients with Cancer: A Descriptive Study in Semnan, Iran, 2011 - 2014","authors":"M. Mirmohammadkhani, F. Ghahremanfard, Khadije Tayyebi, Heshmat Beigom Ghadamgahi","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.55457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.55457","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Knowledge about the pattern and direct costs of medical services allocated to a given disease in a particular community can help to realize its economic burden in that community better regarding its socioeconomic features. A significant part of medical diagnostics and therapeutics for patients with cancer is made within three to six months after its detection, and their related costs are named as early direct costs. The current study aimed at evaluating the early direct costs of the incidence of cancer in a sample of Iranian patients. Methods: The current descriptive study was conducted on some patients with cancer referred to the only oncology clinic in Semnan city, Iran, from 2011 to 2014 for chemotherapy. Some primary information about the type of services received and their direct costs, and also some demographics and social characteristics were gathered from patients' medical records. Costs were converted to US dollars and their means ± standard deviation (SD) were reported. Results: Fifty patients participated in the study. The most common types of cancer were breast cancer (n = 18, 36%), followed by colorectal cancer (n = 13, 26%). Other types included the esophagus, gastric, pancreas, lymphoma, ovarian, leukemia, and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. The mean ± SD of cost for doctor visits was US$1666.58 ± 41.64, US$221.97 ± 149.72, for imaging, US$200.55 ± 86.62 for lab tests, US$693.70 ± 530.90 for drugs, US$375.18 ± 156.89 for chemotherapy, US$492.03 ± 774.87 for surgical hospitalization, and US$75.86 ± 40.26 for non-surgical services, with the total average cost of US$2164.52 ± 1156.56. The total calculated early direct costs to manage colorectal cancer were estimated US$3017.26, and for breast cancer US$1923.23. No difference was observed in the costs of services including doctor’s visits, imaging, laboratory tests, medications, or non-surgical services among the different subtypes of cancers; however, higher costs for chemotherapy and surgical services were specified to colorectal cancer. Conclusions: The study findings suggested that the economic burden of colorectal cancer in Iran was larger than the other types of cancer regarding its early direct costs.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47145790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We read with great interest the insightful article by Fernandez-Cuadros et al. (1) entitled “Basics of ultrasound for musculoskeletal evaluation in the rehabilitation settings: Review of the literature”. The publication of this review article was both timely and appropriate given the recent increased interest in learning musculoskeletal ultrasound by undergraduates and trainees in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR). We hope to use this opportunity to give some comments regarding the learning of ultrasound basics.
{"title":"Letter to “Basics of Ultrasound for Musculoskeletal Evaluation in the Rehabilitation Settings: Review of the Literature”","authors":"T. Leng, S. Mar","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.86675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.86675","url":null,"abstract":"We read with great interest the insightful article by Fernandez-Cuadros et al. (1) entitled “Basics of ultrasound for musculoskeletal evaluation in the rehabilitation settings: Review of the literature”. The publication of this review article was both timely and appropriate given the recent increased interest in learning musculoskeletal ultrasound by undergraduates and trainees in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR). We hope to use this opportunity to give some comments regarding the learning of ultrasound basics.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":"55 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41330275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Fernández-Cuadros, O. Pérez-Moro, M. Albaladejo-Florín, Laura Cabrera-Rodriguez, Ruben Algarra-López, L. Casique-Bocanegra
: Shoulder pain (SP) is one of the most common complaints encountered in patients attending rehabilitation settings. Rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathies and subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) are the most common disorders involved in SP. Physical examination (PE) is essential to perform the correct diagnosis and treatment. In fact, in the rehabilitation settings, patients are treated based on clinical symptoms and PE as well as clinical evolution. There are 184 maneuvers to evaluate the shoulder complex. PE is extremely important to evaluate the presence, location, and extent of RC tear or shoulder pathology. Unfortunately, PE is neither sensitive nor specific enough to diagnose a unique disorder. The current study aimed at reviewing the main features of clinical and physical evaluation and diagnostic accuracies of the most common PE tests performed in the rehabilitation settings.
{"title":"Physical Examination of the Shoulder in the Rehabilitation Setting: A Review of the Literature","authors":"M. E. Fernández-Cuadros, O. Pérez-Moro, M. Albaladejo-Florín, Laura Cabrera-Rodriguez, Ruben Algarra-López, L. Casique-Bocanegra","doi":"10.5812/MEJRH.84347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/MEJRH.84347","url":null,"abstract":": Shoulder pain (SP) is one of the most common complaints encountered in patients attending rehabilitation settings. Rotator cuff (RC) tendinopathies and subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) are the most common disorders involved in SP. Physical examination (PE) is essential to perform the correct diagnosis and treatment. In fact, in the rehabilitation settings, patients are treated based on clinical symptoms and PE as well as clinical evolution. There are 184 maneuvers to evaluate the shoulder complex. PE is extremely important to evaluate the presence, location, and extent of RC tear or shoulder pathology. Unfortunately, PE is neither sensitive nor specific enough to diagnose a unique disorder. The current study aimed at reviewing the main features of clinical and physical evaluation and diagnostic accuracies of the most common PE tests performed in the rehabilitation settings.","PeriodicalId":36354,"journal":{"name":"Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44566736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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