Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.3
Iryna Varykasha
In this article, I had studied the materials about the delineation at sea, carried out, with the consent of the respective states, by the UN International Court of Justice. Such a choice is conditioned by a specific goal-to show how the International Court interpreted contractual sources of international maritime law, how it identified the applicable customary legal norms and principles, how it applied international law on the delineation at sea, to what extent the relevant factors were taken into account in specific situations of maritime delimitation, as he set forth the appropriate international legal argument. In addition, the study of the Court’s materials provides opportunities to identify the legal positions of the disputing States on the problems of delineation at sea and the international legal assessment of such positions by the Court. The key words: delimitation in the Black Sea, international law, International Court of Justice, maritime boundaries, Romania v. Ukraine.
{"title":"Case concerning maritime delimitation in the Black Sea (Romania v. Ukraine). Investigation of positions","authors":"Iryna Varykasha","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I had studied the materials about the delineation at sea, carried out, with the consent of the respective states, by the UN International Court of Justice. Such a choice is conditioned by a specific goal-to show how the International Court interpreted contractual sources of international maritime law, how it identified the applicable customary legal norms and principles, how it applied international law on the delineation at sea, to what extent the relevant factors were taken into account in specific situations of maritime delimitation, as he set forth the appropriate international legal argument. In addition, the study of the Court’s materials provides opportunities to identify the legal positions of the disputing States on the problems of delineation at sea and the international legal assessment of such positions by the Court. The key words: delimitation in the Black Sea, international law, International Court of Justice, maritime boundaries, Romania v. Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47696149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.2
Yuliia Kolomiiets
It is well-known that 90% of international trade is carried by the sea, being the most important means of communication for economic and trade development. Because of nowadays technological development, shifting human needs and values, the shipping has been influenced by it also and shall reply on new challenges that appear behind. To maintain the balance between international trade and eco-caring, responding to modern issues, it is worth discovering shipping within the sustainability concept, which includes three pillars like environment, society, and economy and grounding on a legal basis. The roots of it refer to 1980s and United Nations, defining sustainable development as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Then in 2016, it was embarked structured plan to change the world: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In my opinion, shipping must not be an exception also. Social pillar connected with human rights protection, involving different subjects as seafarers, as people in general effect by shipping activity. By the same token, there could be stressed out subject, which secures this pillar like International organizations (as inter-governmental as non-governmental), states, ship-owners, etc. Third economic pillar concerns preventing to use financial tricks, getting around frauds like money laundering, Tax Evasion and Tax Avoidance for easy earning. One of the sources is in a free port zone. Besides, digitalization can help to improve maritime activity accounting sustainability. New cloud-based technologies such as big data platforms and digital twin technologies help to manage information, make decisions more quickly or reduce paper bureaucracy. Moreover, in 2019 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development proposed three stages for its accomplishment like optimization, extension, and transformation.
{"title":"Sustainability challenges for the modern shipping: legal analysis","authors":"Yuliia Kolomiiets","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.2","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-known that 90% of international trade is carried by the sea, being the most important means of communication for economic and trade development. Because of nowadays technological development, shifting human needs and values, the shipping has been influenced by it also and shall reply on new challenges that appear behind. To maintain the balance between international trade and eco-caring, responding to modern issues, it is worth discovering shipping within the sustainability concept, which includes three pillars like environment, society, and economy and grounding on a legal basis. The roots of it refer to 1980s and United Nations, defining sustainable development as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Then in 2016, it was embarked structured plan to change the world: Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In my opinion, shipping must not be an exception also. Social pillar connected with human rights protection, involving different subjects as seafarers, as people in general effect by shipping activity. By the same token, there could be stressed out subject, which secures this pillar like International organizations (as inter-governmental as non-governmental), states, ship-owners, etc. Third economic pillar concerns preventing to use financial tricks, getting around frauds like money laundering, Tax Evasion and Tax Avoidance for easy earning. One of the sources is in a free port zone. Besides, digitalization can help to improve maritime activity accounting sustainability. New cloud-based technologies such as big data platforms and digital twin technologies help to manage information, make decisions more quickly or reduce paper bureaucracy. Moreover, in 2019 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development proposed three stages for its accomplishment like optimization, extension, and transformation.","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48481211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.4
H. Chuvakova
In the article, an attempt of a definition of the modern problems of anomalies is done in the sphere of the law of the sea on the basis of the developments of the modern classical methodology, the trends of their emergence are defined and the possible ways of overcoming are planned. The author notes that the negative anomalies of the legal sphere need in especially close attention. To such type of anomalies the author refers the anomalies of the modern law of the sea of Ukraine, which became an unfortunate consequence of carelessness to the industry legislation in the sphere of sea activity and the negative effect of which is considerably increased in the conditions of temporary occupation of the Crimean peninsula and sea spaces around it that has been prolonging since 2014. They are also inherent to the internationally-legal regulation of the relations that are connected with navigation, however the mechanisms of their overcoming are done by the states on supranational level, considerably minimize their negative consequences now. The short review of some of the existing anomalies of the modern law of the sea testifies about their variety and “exit” out of limits of the national legal systems. The emergence of such anomalies, their long existence and also absence of the urgent interest of the states in elimination of their reasons and consequences are caused by economic and political processes within the states. The search is carried out
{"title":"Anomalies in law of the sea: national and international aspects","authors":"H. Chuvakova","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.4","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, an attempt of a definition of the modern problems of anomalies is done in the sphere of the law of the sea on the basis of the developments of the modern classical methodology, the trends of their emergence are defined and the possible ways of overcoming are planned. The author notes that the negative anomalies of the legal sphere need in especially close attention. To such type of anomalies the author refers the anomalies of the modern law of the sea of Ukraine, which became an unfortunate consequence of carelessness to the industry legislation in the sphere of sea activity and the negative effect of which is considerably increased in the conditions of temporary occupation of the Crimean peninsula and sea spaces around it that has been prolonging since 2014. They are also inherent to the internationally-legal regulation of the relations that are connected with navigation, however the mechanisms of their overcoming are done by the states on supranational level, considerably minimize their negative consequences now. The short review of some of the existing anomalies of the modern law of the sea testifies about their variety and “exit” out of limits of the national legal systems. The emergence of such anomalies, their long existence and also absence of the urgent interest of the states in elimination of their reasons and consequences are caused by economic and political processes within the states. The search is carried out","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46731317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.1
Joanna Siekiera
Siekiera J. Legal consequences of ocean change in the south pacific – outline of the problem / J. Siekiera // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ "ОЮА", ГО "МА Святий Миколай". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 5. – C. 7-20
{"title":"Legal consequences of ocean change in the South Pacific – outline of the problem","authors":"Joanna Siekiera","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.1","url":null,"abstract":"Siekiera J. Legal consequences of ocean change in the south pacific – outline of the problem / J. Siekiera // Lex Portus : юрид. наук. журн. / редкол. : С. В. Ківалов (голов. ред. ради), Б. А. Кормич (голов. ред.), Т. В. Аверочкіна (наук. ред., відп. секр.) [та ін.] ; НУ \"ОЮА\", ГО \"МА Святий Миколай\". - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2019. - № 5. – C. 7-20","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45009727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.5
I. Antoshina
{"title":"Public administration information power: the impact of global trends","authors":"I. Antoshina","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.5.2019.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41688137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.6
Vladyslav Dopilko, Roman Yavdoschuk
{"title":"Legal measures to counteract smuggling and violations of customs rules on transport: the modern state","authors":"Vladyslav Dopilko, Roman Yavdoschuk","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46205726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.7
Tetyana Averochkina
{"title":"Scientific and practical seminar \"Disputes in the field of merchant shipping and ways of resolution\"","authors":"Tetyana Averochkina","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47990797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.3
T. Latkovska
The article explores issues related to current problems of the public financial system. The author notes that the concept of the financial system belongs to economic categories and occupies a special place in a number of legal values. It is noted that the current financial legislation does not define the concept of the financial system, although the legal acts use such terms as the budget system, the tax system, the banking system, the monetary system, the credit system, the monetary system. However, their legislative definitions are also absent. This leads to a different interpretation of this concept and, accordingly, to a different understanding of its content and structure. It is recognized that the public nature of public economic relations related to the sphere of finance, money and credit, largely determines their financial and legal content, that is, the regulation of financial law as a public right. It is argued that the role of constituent legal institutions in the financial system of any country is not equal. Attention is drawn to such major financial and legal institutions as the budgetary system, the tax system, the banking system and the monetary system, without which the functioning of the financial system is impossible. The main task of today must be the desire for the stability of the public financial system as a whole and the harmonious interaction of all financial and legal institutions. The 43 LEX PORTUS No 4 (18)’2019 public financial system is a complex multifaceted financial and legal phenomenon that substantially covers the totality of centralized and decentralized public funds and those of individuals and legal entities. There is a need for a notion of the public financial system, as the global financial crisis has shown to be the most vulnerable, and the effects of globalization are becoming more and more visible to it. The key words: financial system, financial and legal institutions, public and private finances, public and financial system, structure of public financial system. Питання фінансової системи завжди знаходяться у полі зору наукових досліджень, отримуючи певне відображення в нормативно-правових актах та залишаючись одним із об’єктів правового регулювання. Причому в міру розвитку суспільства актуальність і, відповідно, всебічність їх правової регламентації поступово посилюється, широко розростаючись: з одного боку, збільшується число фінансових інститутів і відносин, що регламентуються правовими актами, а з іншого – помітно зростає деталізація такого регулювання. В рамках фінансової системи здійснюється різноманітна діяльність, регулювання основних напрямків якої виражається в загальних ознаках цінностей та цілей розвитку, установлення необхідних правил поведінки. А так як право служить цементуючим засобом, то звідси і висока роль правового регулювання фінансової системи у суспільстві. Оскільки важливим напрямком розвитку будь якої держави є формування інноваційної моделі економіки, що ставить перед юридичною
本文探讨了与当前公共财政体制问题相关的问题。笔者认为，金融制度概念属于经济范畴，在若干法律价值观念中占有特殊地位。值得注意的是，目前的财政立法没有界定财政制度的概念，尽管法律行为使用了诸如预算制度、税收制度、银行制度、货币制度、信用制度、货币制度等术语。然而，它们的立法定义也缺失。这导致了对这一概念的不同解释，从而导致了对其内容和结构的不同理解。人们认识到，与金融、货币和信贷领域有关的公共经济关系的公共性，在很大程度上决定了它们的金融和法律内容，即金融法作为一种公共权利的规制。本文认为，在任何国家的金融体系中，构成法律机构的作用都是不平等的。应当注意预算制度、税收制度、银行制度和货币制度等主要的金融和法律机构，没有它们，金融制度就不可能运作。今天的主要任务必须是渴望整个公共财政体系的稳定以及所有金融和法律机构之间的和谐互动。43 LEX PORTUS No . 4(18) 2019公共财政体系是一个复杂的多方面的财政和法律现象，基本上涵盖了集中和分散的公共资金以及个人和法人实体的公共资金。我们需要一个公共财政体系的概念，因为全球金融危机显示出它是最脆弱的，全球化的影响正变得越来越明显。关键词:金融体制，金融与法律制度，公共与私人财政，公共与财政体系，公共财政体系结构Питанняфінансовоїсистемизавждизнаходятьсяуполізорунауковихдосліджень,отримуючипевневідображеннявнормативн——поравовихактахтазалишаючисьоднимізобє“ктівправовогорегулювання。Причомувмірурозвиткусуспільстваактуальністьі,відповідно,всебічністьїхправовоїрегламентаціїпоступовопосилюється,широкорозростаючись:зодногобоку,збільшуєтьсячислофінансовихінститутівівідносин,щорегламентуютьсяправовимиактами,азіншого——помітнозростаєдеталізаціятакогорегулювання。Врамкахфінансовоїсистемиздійснюєтьсярізноманітнадіяльність,регулюванняосновнихнапрямківякоївиражаєтьсявзагальнихознакахцінностейтацілейрозвитку、установленнянеобхіднихправилповедінки。Атакякправослужитьцементуючимзасобом,тозвідсиівисокарольправовогорегулюванняфінансовоїсистемиусуспільстві。Оскількиважливимнапрямкомрозвиткубудьякоїдержавиєформуванняінноваційноїмоделіекономіки,щоставитьпередюридичноюнаукоюновізавданнятавикликиправовогозабезпеченняпроцесівглобалізаціїтанаданнясуспільнимвідносинампевноїдинаміки,формуванняновоїполітики,появаякоїобумовленазбільшеннямнебезпекиглобальнихзагроздляжиттявсьоголюдства,тоузв”язкузцимвиникаєколопитаньпроте,якарольпублічноїфінансовоїсистемиурозв”язаннінагальнихпроблем,системи,якаєвідображеннямтихсуспільнихвідносин,якісформувалисьтадинамічнорозвиваютьсявмежахякправової,такіекономічноїсистемикраїни?Фінансовасистемадержавия——вищебагатовчомупохідневідзагальногоправовоголанцюга,системипанівнихвконкретнійкраїніправовихцінностей,конституційнихосновправовогоположенняособистості,виробничихтаіншихколективі,ворганівдержав。иВіншомувипадкуминезможемознайтиприйнятнихпоясненьвідмінностейвпобудовіфінансовихсистемдержав,щознаходятьсяводномугеографічномурайонізподібноюполітичноюіекономічноюдолею。
{"title":"The current state and topical issues of the public financial system","authors":"T. Latkovska","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores issues related to current problems of the public financial system. The author notes that the concept of the financial system belongs to economic categories and occupies a special place in a number of legal values. It is noted that the current financial legislation does not define the concept of the financial system, although the legal acts use such terms as the budget system, the tax system, the banking system, the monetary system, the credit system, the monetary system. However, their legislative definitions are also absent. This leads to a different interpretation of this concept and, accordingly, to a different understanding of its content and structure. It is recognized that the public nature of public economic relations related to the sphere of finance, money and credit, largely determines their financial and legal content, that is, the regulation of financial law as a public right. It is argued that the role of constituent legal institutions in the financial system of any country is not equal. Attention is drawn to such major financial and legal institutions as the budgetary system, the tax system, the banking system and the monetary system, without which the functioning of the financial system is impossible. The main task of today must be the desire for the stability of the public financial system as a whole and the harmonious interaction of all financial and legal institutions. The 43 LEX PORTUS No 4 (18)’2019 public financial system is a complex multifaceted financial and legal phenomenon that substantially covers the totality of centralized and decentralized public funds and those of individuals and legal entities. There is a need for a notion of the public financial system, as the global financial crisis has shown to be the most vulnerable, and the effects of globalization are becoming more and more visible to it. The key words: financial system, financial and legal institutions, public and private finances, public and financial system, structure of public financial system. Питання фінансової системи завжди знаходяться у полі зору наукових досліджень, отримуючи певне відображення в нормативно-правових актах та залишаючись одним із об’єктів правового регулювання. Причому в міру розвитку суспільства актуальність і, відповідно, всебічність їх правової регламентації поступово посилюється, широко розростаючись: з одного боку, збільшується число фінансових інститутів і відносин, що регламентуються правовими актами, а з іншого – помітно зростає деталізація такого регулювання. В рамках фінансової системи здійснюється різноманітна діяльність, регулювання основних напрямків якої виражається в загальних ознаках цінностей та цілей розвитку, установлення необхідних правил поведінки. А так як право служить цементуючим засобом, то звідси і висока роль правового регулювання фінансової системи у суспільстві. Оскільки важливим напрямком розвитку будь якої держави є формування інноваційної моделі економіки, що ставить перед юридичною","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48475153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.5
A. Falkovskyi, Denys Yershov
{"title":"Customs post-audit as an instrument of increasing international trade and approach to new concept of partnership relations \"customs – company engaged in foreign trade\"","authors":"A. Falkovskyi, Denys Yershov","doi":"10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36374,"journal":{"name":"Lex Portus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44802014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.26886/2524-101x.4.2019.1
Sergiy Kivalov
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