Pub Date : 2019-08-23Epub Date: 2019-08-02DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0153
Lei Xu, Yi-Ru Wang, Pei-Cheng Li, Bo Feng
Background: There is accumulating evidence that the AGEs-RAGE interaction plays an important role in accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes. Our previous study showed that the AGEs-RAGE axis can reduce the cholesterol efflux of THP-1 macrophages through suppression of the expression of ABCG1 and that statins can inhibit the expression of RAGE. However, the role of statins in recovering the cholesterol efflux of macrophages reduced by AGEs has not been assessed.
Methods and results: ApoE-/-mice and THP-1 macrophages were both treated by AGEs or AGEs combined with anti-RAGE antibody (only in THP-1 cells), ALT711 and atorvastatin separately. Cholesterol efflux of THP-1 macrophages and murine peritoneal macrophages was tested by fluorescence microplate technique. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure the expression of RAGE and molecules included in cholesterol efflux. After co-incubating with atorvastatin and AGEs, reduction in lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophages and improvement of lesions complexity occurred compared with treating by AGEs only. Atorvastatin increased cholesterol efflux and ABCG1 expression of macrophages, which were reduced by AGEs, and decreased the expression of RAGE at the same time.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that atorvastatin can recover the deleterious ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux induced by AGEs in THP-1 macrophages and murine peritoneal macrophages by downregulating RAGE expression. It may contribute to the protective action of atorvastatin in diabetic subjects with atherosclerosis.
{"title":"Atorvastatin Blocks Advanced Glycation End Products Induced Reduction in Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux Mediated With ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters G 1.","authors":"Lei Xu, Yi-Ru Wang, Pei-Cheng Li, Bo Feng","doi":"10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0153","DOIUrl":"10.1253/circj.CJ-19-0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is accumulating evidence that the AGEs-RAGE interaction plays an important role in accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes. Our previous study showed that the AGEs-RAGE axis can reduce the cholesterol efflux of THP-1 macrophages through suppression of the expression of ABCG1 and that statins can inhibit the expression of RAGE. However, the role of statins in recovering the cholesterol efflux of macrophages reduced by AGEs has not been assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>ApoE<sup>-/-</sup>mice and THP-1 macrophages were both treated by AGEs or AGEs combined with anti-RAGE antibody (only in THP-1 cells), ALT711 and atorvastatin separately. Cholesterol efflux of THP-1 macrophages and murine peritoneal macrophages was tested by fluorescence microplate technique. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure the expression of RAGE and molecules included in cholesterol efflux. After co-incubating with atorvastatin and AGEs, reduction in lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophages and improvement of lesions complexity occurred compared with treating by AGEs only. Atorvastatin increased cholesterol efflux and ABCG1 expression of macrophages, which were reduced by AGEs, and decreased the expression of RAGE at the same time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that atorvastatin can recover the deleterious ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux induced by AGEs in THP-1 macrophages and murine peritoneal macrophages by downregulating RAGE expression. It may contribute to the protective action of atorvastatin in diabetic subjects with atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"1954-1964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89962050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-14DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00183-4
V. Hong, Loreen F Pirnie, A. Shobassy
{"title":"Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders in the Emergency Department: Conceptualizing and Managing “Malingered” or “Exaggerated” Symptoms","authors":"V. Hong, Loreen F Pirnie, A. Shobassy","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00183-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00183-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"127 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00183-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44333715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00173-6
Jill Del Pozzo, Christina Athineos, Taylor Zar, Lisa N. Cruz, Christopher M King
{"title":"Frustrative Non-reward and Lab-Based Paradigms for Advancing the Study of Aggression in Persons with Psychosis","authors":"Jill Del Pozzo, Christina Athineos, Taylor Zar, Lisa N. Cruz, Christopher M King","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00173-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00173-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00173-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41637476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00171-8
D. Demmin, Samantha I. Fradkin, S. Silverstein
{"title":"Remediation of Visual Processing Impairments in Schizophrenia: Where We Are and Where We Need to Be","authors":"D. Demmin, Samantha I. Fradkin, S. Silverstein","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00171-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00171-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00171-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44848316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-08DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00179-0
Padraig J. Flannery, E. Trushina
{"title":"Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease and Progress in Mitochondria-Targeted Therapeutics","authors":"Padraig J. Flannery, E. Trushina","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00179-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00179-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00179-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46885187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5
Maju Mathew Koola, Samir Kumar Praharaj, Anilkumar Pillai
Purpose of review: The objective of this article is to highlight the potential role of the galantamine-memantine combination as a novel antioxidant treatment for schizophrenia.
Recent findings: In addition to the well-known mechanisms of action of galantamine and memantine, these medications also have antioxidant activity. Furthermore, an interplay exists between oxidative stress, inflammation (redox-inflammatory hypothesis), and kynurenine pathway metabolites. Also, there is an interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Oxidative stress may be associated with positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms and impairments in white matter integrity in schizophrenia. The antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination may provide a novel strategy in schizophrenia to treat positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms.
Summary: A "single antioxidant" may be inadequate to counteract the complex cascade of oxidative stress. The galantamine-memantine combination as "double antioxidants" is promising. Hence, randomized controlled trials are warranted with the antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination with oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in schizophrenia.
{"title":"Galantamine-Memantine Combination as an Antioxidant Treatment for Schizophrenia.","authors":"Maju Mathew Koola, Samir Kumar Praharaj, Anilkumar Pillai","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The objective of this article is to highlight the potential role of the galantamine-memantine combination as a novel antioxidant treatment for schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>In addition to the well-known mechanisms of action of galantamine and memantine, these medications also have antioxidant activity. Furthermore, an interplay exists between oxidative stress, inflammation (redox-inflammatory hypothesis), and kynurenine pathway metabolites. Also, there is an interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Oxidative stress may be associated with positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms and impairments in white matter integrity in schizophrenia. The antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination may provide a novel strategy in schizophrenia to treat positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>A \"single antioxidant\" may be inadequate to counteract the complex cascade of oxidative stress. The galantamine-memantine combination as \"double antioxidants\" is promising. Hence, randomized controlled trials are warranted with the antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination with oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 2","pages":"37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10482705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-07DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00172-7
Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Molly A. Erickson, L. Arnold, G. Strauss
{"title":"Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis","authors":"Lisa A. Bartolomeo, Molly A. Erickson, L. Arnold, G. Strauss","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00172-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00172-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00172-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43611296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.1007/s40473-019-00176-3
G. Gillett, K. Saunders
{"title":"Remote Monitoring for Understanding Mechanisms and Prediction in Psychiatry","authors":"G. Gillett, K. Saunders","doi":"10.1007/s40473-019-00176-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-019-00176-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36384,"journal":{"name":"Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40473-019-00176-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41516844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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