Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548508
Martin Klapež, Carlo Augusto Grazia, M. Casoni
The current base station centric cellular network architecture hinders the implementation of effective sleep techniques, often resulting in energy-inefficient mobile networks. The efforts towards 5G and network densification, however, open new possibilities and may, at last, allow the integration of sleep modes without any QoS degradation. In this paper, we consider heterogeneous networks in which data and control planes are split and independent, referred to as SDHN. We present an energy consumption metric that can be used to evaluate the radio access power consumption and the associated energy efficiency of these networks. Concerning other metrics in literature, the proposal accounts for both the coverage area as well as the traffic load, and it is relatively simple to use. The proposed metric is applied to evaluate the power consumption performance of an LTE SDHN in an urban indoor scenario. Results confirm that sleep modes in such architectures can effectively cut power consumption and improve energy efficiency while preserving QoS.
{"title":"Energy Savings of Sleep Modes Enabled by 5G Software-Defined Heterogeneous Networks","authors":"Martin Klapež, Carlo Augusto Grazia, M. Casoni","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548508","url":null,"abstract":"The current base station centric cellular network architecture hinders the implementation of effective sleep techniques, often resulting in energy-inefficient mobile networks. The efforts towards 5G and network densification, however, open new possibilities and may, at last, allow the integration of sleep modes without any QoS degradation. In this paper, we consider heterogeneous networks in which data and control planes are split and independent, referred to as SDHN. We present an energy consumption metric that can be used to evaluate the radio access power consumption and the associated energy efficiency of these networks. Concerning other metrics in literature, the proposal accounts for both the coverage area as well as the traffic load, and it is relatively simple to use. The proposed metric is applied to evaluate the power consumption performance of an LTE SDHN in an urban indoor scenario. Results confirm that sleep modes in such architectures can effectively cut power consumption and improve energy efficiency while preserving QoS.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115645105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548373
A. D. Simone, G. D. Martino, A. Iodice, D. Riccio, G. Ruello, L. Millefiori, P. Braca, P. Willett
Recent studies have analyzed the chance of exploiting Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)-Reflectometry observables for maritime surveillance and sea target detection. In this paper, we provide a feasibility study of the ship detection problem using spaceborne GNSS-R data. The analysis is performed via the evaluation of the signal-to-noise-plus-clutter-ratio and signal-to-noise-ratio relevant to an isolated ship target in open sea. In particular, we investigated the impact of the GNSS-R acquisition geometry and radar signal polarization. The influence of sea state and ship orientation is assessed as well. The analysis is based on a sound theoretical electromagnetic model of the bistatic radar cross section of the ship target. The analysis clearly shows the benefits of 1) the backscattering configuration with respect to the conventional forward-scattering one and 2) the RHCP receiving channel w.r.t. the conventional LHCP one, used in sea surface analysis. However, the ship orientation and the sea state still play a key role in ship detectability.
{"title":"Maritime Surveillance Using Spaceborne GNSS-Reflectometry: The Role of the Scattering Configuration and Receiving Polarization Channel","authors":"A. D. Simone, G. D. Martino, A. Iodice, D. Riccio, G. Ruello, L. Millefiori, P. Braca, P. Willett","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548373","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have analyzed the chance of exploiting Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)-Reflectometry observables for maritime surveillance and sea target detection. In this paper, we provide a feasibility study of the ship detection problem using spaceborne GNSS-R data. The analysis is performed via the evaluation of the signal-to-noise-plus-clutter-ratio and signal-to-noise-ratio relevant to an isolated ship target in open sea. In particular, we investigated the impact of the GNSS-R acquisition geometry and radar signal polarization. The influence of sea state and ship orientation is assessed as well. The analysis is based on a sound theoretical electromagnetic model of the bistatic radar cross section of the ship target. The analysis clearly shows the benefits of 1) the backscattering configuration with respect to the conventional forward-scattering one and 2) the RHCP receiving channel w.r.t. the conventional LHCP one, used in sea surface analysis. However, the ship orientation and the sea state still play a key role in ship detectability.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115653051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548433
Ahmed Abdelhakim, P. Mattavelli, S. Pistollato, G. Spiazzi
The growing interest towards efficient and reliable bidirectional DC-DC converter topologies for interfacing low-voltage (LV) batteries, eg. 48 V, with a high-voltage (HV) DC-link, eg. 400 V, has driven the research toward the investigation of many different topologies. In this paper, three isolated and bidirectional topologies have been selected and compared to each other, where these topologies are seen as the state-of-the-art topologies for battery-fed systems. The introduced comparison includes the number of used semiconductor devices and passive elements, the rated voltage and current of the different semiconductor devices, the forecasted switching and conduction losses using PLECS, and the estimated volume and power losses of the employed magnetic elements. Furthermore, the comparison includes simulation results using PLECS considering a 1.5 kW power level.
{"title":"Bidirectional DC-DC Converter Topologies for Low-Voltage Battery Interface: Comparative Assessment","authors":"Ahmed Abdelhakim, P. Mattavelli, S. Pistollato, G. Spiazzi","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548433","url":null,"abstract":"The growing interest towards efficient and reliable bidirectional DC-DC converter topologies for interfacing low-voltage (LV) batteries, eg. 48 V, with a high-voltage (HV) DC-link, eg. 400 V, has driven the research toward the investigation of many different topologies. In this paper, three isolated and bidirectional topologies have been selected and compared to each other, where these topologies are seen as the state-of-the-art topologies for battery-fed systems. The introduced comparison includes the number of used semiconductor devices and passive elements, the rated voltage and current of the different semiconductor devices, the forecasted switching and conduction losses using PLECS, and the estimated volume and power losses of the employed magnetic elements. Furthermore, the comparison includes simulation results using PLECS considering a 1.5 kW power level.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127153871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548385
G. Attardo, S. Longo, F. Montana, E. R. Sanseverino, Q. Tran, G. Zizzo
This paper aims to perform the minimization of the yearly energy supply cost from the main electricity and natural gas grids related to an energy district, considering the installation of different equipments. The case study refers to energy consumption of a medium density urban district and involves the exploitation of different energy sources and devices (photovoltaic systems, electrical energy storage, heat pumps and cogenerators). The analysis of the district energy supply is accomplished through an energy hub model. After a cost analysis related to the considered energy systems, a MILP algorithm was used for the optimization of a cost function and the simulation of various scenarios. Moreover, a study about CO2 emissions is reported. The same study is then repeated considering the Vietnamese economic and environmental context, keeping constant the energy losses and performance of the equipment, in order to compare these countries and provide useful conclusions about the improvement of energy supply systems in developed and developing countries.
{"title":"Urban Energy Hubs Economic Optimization and Environmental Comparison in Italy and Vietnam","authors":"G. Attardo, S. Longo, F. Montana, E. R. Sanseverino, Q. Tran, G. Zizzo","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548385","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to perform the minimization of the yearly energy supply cost from the main electricity and natural gas grids related to an energy district, considering the installation of different equipments. The case study refers to energy consumption of a medium density urban district and involves the exploitation of different energy sources and devices (photovoltaic systems, electrical energy storage, heat pumps and cogenerators). The analysis of the district energy supply is accomplished through an energy hub model. After a cost analysis related to the considered energy systems, a MILP algorithm was used for the optimization of a cost function and the simulation of various scenarios. Moreover, a study about CO2 emissions is reported. The same study is then repeated considering the Vietnamese economic and environmental context, keeping constant the energy losses and performance of the equipment, in order to compare these countries and provide useful conclusions about the improvement of energy supply systems in developed and developing countries.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127533205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548426
A. Romano, R. Campagna, P. Masi, S. Cuomo, G. Toraldo
In Food Science and Technology applications complex phenomena that involve macroscopic measurements are generally challenging to be represented in a formal (mathematical) way. In this paper we propose to model the evolution of some morphology descriptors of bread making process by adopting a well-known methodology: the Particle Filtering. The main idea is to describe the volume variations, related to the yeast content in a bread dough, with a stochastic differential model to forecast the dynamics of leavening and baking bread processes, when some samples are known in several time instants. Numerical experiments confirm that the proposed approach is able to accurately predict values of leavening and baking function. Finally, we highlight that for Food Science and Technology applications an interesting feature of the proposed scheme is its ability to forecast variable states also when few instant samples are available.
{"title":"Data-Driven Approaches to Predict States in a Food Technology Case Study","authors":"A. Romano, R. Campagna, P. Masi, S. Cuomo, G. Toraldo","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548426","url":null,"abstract":"In Food Science and Technology applications complex phenomena that involve macroscopic measurements are generally challenging to be represented in a formal (mathematical) way. In this paper we propose to model the evolution of some morphology descriptors of bread making process by adopting a well-known methodology: the Particle Filtering. The main idea is to describe the volume variations, related to the yeast content in a bread dough, with a stochastic differential model to forecast the dynamics of leavening and baking bread processes, when some samples are known in several time instants. Numerical experiments confirm that the proposed approach is able to accurately predict values of leavening and baking function. Finally, we highlight that for Food Science and Technology applications an interesting feature of the proposed scheme is its ability to forecast variable states also when few instant samples are available.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"42 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114102379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548458
S. Q. Antonio, H. Rimal
The estimation of the magnetic losses for laminations of Fe-Si steel at the typical excitation conditions expected in avionic environment is made. The traditional Steinmetz approach has been successfully identified from a set of experimental measurements of scalar magnetization processes at relatively low operating frequencies. The model is, successively, tested to reproduce the power losses at higher frequencies and for different levels of the magnetic induction. Comparative analysis with measured data is made. Conclusive remarks concerning the power losses prediction in case of non-sinusoidal magnetic induction waveforms are discussed.
{"title":"Power Losses in Ferromagnetic Steel Sheets for Avionic Environment","authors":"S. Q. Antonio, H. Rimal","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548458","url":null,"abstract":"The estimation of the magnetic losses for laminations of Fe-Si steel at the typical excitation conditions expected in avionic environment is made. The traditional Steinmetz approach has been successfully identified from a set of experimental measurements of scalar magnetization processes at relatively low operating frequencies. The model is, successively, tested to reproduce the power losses at higher frequencies and for different levels of the magnetic induction. Comparative analysis with measured data is made. Conclusive remarks concerning the power losses prediction in case of non-sinusoidal magnetic induction waveforms are discussed.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122158485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548424
A. Bagnasco, S. Massucco, M. Saviozzi, F. Silvestro, Andrea Vinci
Buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions in the European Union. Starting from these percentages is easy to imagine that the topic of energy efficiency applied to buildings has a great relevance in the scientific community representing one of the key aspects in today's international energy policies. In this context, the development of reliable building thermal models represents a crucial resource within a Building Management System (BMS). In particular, a robust thermal model is mainly able to provide a precise estimation of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system demand and an evaluation of building energy performance. These information can be exploited in the de-sign/restoration phase or within optimal management strategies in order to achieve environmental and economic benefits. In this work the design and the validation of a building thermal model is presented. The model has been developed in EnergyPlus environment with the help of SketchUp and OpenStudio. In addition, occupancy and temperature sensors have been exploited for the validation of the thermal model and for the definition of its inputs.
{"title":"Design and Validation of a Detailed Building Thermal Model Considering Occupancy and Temperature Sensors","authors":"A. Bagnasco, S. Massucco, M. Saviozzi, F. Silvestro, Andrea Vinci","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548424","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings are responsible for approximately 40% of energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions in the European Union. Starting from these percentages is easy to imagine that the topic of energy efficiency applied to buildings has a great relevance in the scientific community representing one of the key aspects in today's international energy policies. In this context, the development of reliable building thermal models represents a crucial resource within a Building Management System (BMS). In particular, a robust thermal model is mainly able to provide a precise estimation of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system demand and an evaluation of building energy performance. These information can be exploited in the de-sign/restoration phase or within optimal management strategies in order to achieve environmental and economic benefits. In this work the design and the validation of a building thermal model is presented. The model has been developed in EnergyPlus environment with the help of SketchUp and OpenStudio. In addition, occupancy and temperature sensors have been exploited for the validation of the thermal model and for the definition of its inputs.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121171447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548510
Özgü Alay, V. Mancuso, A. Brunström, Stefan Alfredsson, M. Mellia, G. Bernini, H. Lønsethagen
To be able to support diverse requirements of massive number of connected devices while also ensuring good user experience, 5G networks will leverage multi-access technologies, deploy supporting operational mechanisms such as SDN and NFV, and require enhanced protocols and algorithms. For 4G networks, MONROE has been key to provide a common measurement platform and a set of methodologies available to the wider community. Such common grounds will become even more important and more challenging with 5G. In this paper, we elaborate on some key requirements for the design and implementation of 5G technologies and highlight the key challenges and needs for new solutions as seen in the context of 5G end-to-end measurements. We then discuss the opportunities that MONROE provides and more specifically, how a 5G-capable MONROE platform could facilitate these efforts.
{"title":"End to End 5G Measurements with MONROE: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Özgü Alay, V. Mancuso, A. Brunström, Stefan Alfredsson, M. Mellia, G. Bernini, H. Lønsethagen","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548510","url":null,"abstract":"To be able to support diverse requirements of massive number of connected devices while also ensuring good user experience, 5G networks will leverage multi-access technologies, deploy supporting operational mechanisms such as SDN and NFV, and require enhanced protocols and algorithms. For 4G networks, MONROE has been key to provide a common measurement platform and a set of methodologies available to the wider community. Such common grounds will become even more important and more challenging with 5G. In this paper, we elaborate on some key requirements for the design and implementation of 5G technologies and highlight the key challenges and needs for new solutions as seen in the context of 5G end-to-end measurements. We then discuss the opportunities that MONROE provides and more specifically, how a 5G-capable MONROE platform could facilitate these efforts.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125593575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548369
O. Barrera, E. Bologna, M. Zingales, G. Alotta
The meniscus plays a critical role in load transmission, stability and energy dissipation in the knee joint. Loss of the meniscus leads to joint degeneration and osteoarthritis. In a number of cases replacement of the resected meniscal tissue by a synthetic implant might avoid the articular cartilage degeneration. None of the available implants presents optimal biomechanics characteristic due to the fact the biomechanics functionality of the meniscus is not yet fully understood. Mimicking the native biomechanical characteristics of the menisci seems to be the key factor in meniscus replacement functioning. This is extremely challenging due to its complex inhomogeneous microstructure, the lack of a full experimental characterization of the material properties and the lack of 3D theoretical, numerical and computational models which can reproduce and validate the experimental results. The objective of this work is to present the experimental characterization of the anisotropic meniscal tissue at the macroscale. Innovative Biaxial tests have been conducted and the results are new to the literature.
{"title":"Experimental Characterization of the Human Meniscal Tissue","authors":"O. Barrera, E. Bologna, M. Zingales, G. Alotta","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548369","url":null,"abstract":"The meniscus plays a critical role in load transmission, stability and energy dissipation in the knee joint. Loss of the meniscus leads to joint degeneration and osteoarthritis. In a number of cases replacement of the resected meniscal tissue by a synthetic implant might avoid the articular cartilage degeneration. None of the available implants presents optimal biomechanics characteristic due to the fact the biomechanics functionality of the meniscus is not yet fully understood. Mimicking the native biomechanical characteristics of the menisci seems to be the key factor in meniscus replacement functioning. This is extremely challenging due to its complex inhomogeneous microstructure, the lack of a full experimental characterization of the material properties and the lack of 3D theoretical, numerical and computational models which can reproduce and validate the experimental results. The objective of this work is to present the experimental characterization of the anisotropic meniscal tissue at the macroscale. Innovative Biaxial tests have been conducted and the results are new to the literature.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131962680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548409
M. Rampazzo, Michele Lionello, Fernando Carpignani Panebianco, A. Beghi
Data centers are energy intensive facilities and nearly half of the total energy consumption is used to cool the IT equipment. In particular, data center cooling systems have traditionally relied on compressor-based cooling. Even though, more recently a number of alternatives for reliable cooling have been introduced (e.g. free-cooling technologies), a minimal amount of vapour compression cooling is used in order to ensure backup cooling and to reduce humidity or to peak temperature inside the computer rooms. The efficient operation of this kind of energy-intensive cooling systems may decrease their energy consumption and diminish the environmental impact. In this paper, a model-free control approach is presented for the efficient management of this kind of cooling system. Indeed, data center cooling needs can be met with various combinations of modes of operation that can be set by the control system to maximize the compressor-based cooling system overall operating efficiency. Specifically, we have developed a Matlab-based Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) simulation environment in order to design an Extremum Seeking Control scheme. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed model-free control approach have been evaluated by means of simulations in CRAC different operating conditions.
{"title":"Model-Free Control of Data Center Compressor-Based Cooling Systems","authors":"M. Rampazzo, Michele Lionello, Fernando Carpignani Panebianco, A. Beghi","doi":"10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2018.8548409","url":null,"abstract":"Data centers are energy intensive facilities and nearly half of the total energy consumption is used to cool the IT equipment. In particular, data center cooling systems have traditionally relied on compressor-based cooling. Even though, more recently a number of alternatives for reliable cooling have been introduced (e.g. free-cooling technologies), a minimal amount of vapour compression cooling is used in order to ensure backup cooling and to reduce humidity or to peak temperature inside the computer rooms. The efficient operation of this kind of energy-intensive cooling systems may decrease their energy consumption and diminish the environmental impact. In this paper, a model-free control approach is presented for the efficient management of this kind of cooling system. Indeed, data center cooling needs can be met with various combinations of modes of operation that can be set by the control system to maximize the compressor-based cooling system overall operating efficiency. Specifically, we have developed a Matlab-based Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) simulation environment in order to design an Extremum Seeking Control scheme. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed model-free control approach have been evaluated by means of simulations in CRAC different operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":363896,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131636709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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