Pub Date : 2019-07-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.110
Vesi Yulyanti, Hanung Adi Nugroho, I. Ardiyanto, Widhia K.Z. Oktoeberza
One of the complications due to the long-term of diabetes is retinal vessels damaging called diabetic retinopathy. It is characterised by appearing the bleeding spots in the large size (haemorrhages) on the surface of retina. Early detection of haemorrhages is needed for preventing the worst effect which leads to vision loss. This study aims to detect haemorrhages by eliminating other dark lesion objects that have similar characteristics with haemorrhages based on three features, i.e. area, eccentricity and extent features. This study uses 43 retinal fundus images taken from DIARETDB1 database. Based on the validation process, the average level of sensitivity gained is 80.5%. These results indicate that the proposed method is quite capable of detecting haemorrhages which appear in the retinal surface.
{"title":"Dark lesion elimination based on area, eccentricity and extent features for supporting haemorrhages detection","authors":"Vesi Yulyanti, Hanung Adi Nugroho, I. Ardiyanto, Widhia K.Z. Oktoeberza","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.110","url":null,"abstract":"One of the complications due to the long-term of diabetes is retinal vessels damaging called diabetic retinopathy. It is characterised by appearing the bleeding spots in the large size (haemorrhages) on the surface of retina. Early detection of haemorrhages is needed for preventing the worst effect which leads to vision loss. This study aims to detect haemorrhages by eliminating other dark lesion objects that have similar characteristics with haemorrhages based on three features, i.e. area, eccentricity and extent features. This study uses 43 retinal fundus images taken from DIARETDB1 database. Based on the validation process, the average level of sensitivity gained is 80.5%. These results indicate that the proposed method is quite capable of detecting haemorrhages which appear in the retinal surface.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.88
H. Ouertani, Lama Tatwany
Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are nowadays widely and ubiquitously used to enhance our real world experience in novel and enriched ways. With the new generation of smart phones and AR technologies, we are embracing a stimulating way of Human-Computer Interaction. Many AR mobile applications were developed in many fields such as education, health, design and Translation... This paper deals with text translation. Many applications are proposed on the market but they are yet limited to a few number of languages. Arabic language is one of these unsupported ones. To overcome this shortage, an AR mobile application for real time Arabic text translation is developed. The user simply hover the device's camera on the desired text and it will be translated automatically and rapidly. This type of application consists of three main components which are: text detection, text extraction and text translation. To ensure the application is performing well, the application is tested on different datasets under different conditions. In addition, a user study test is conducted to test the usability and user satisfaction.
{"title":"Augmented reality based mobile application for real-time Arabic language translation","authors":"H. Ouertani, Lama Tatwany","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.88","url":null,"abstract":"Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are nowadays widely and ubiquitously used to enhance our real world experience in novel and enriched ways. With the new generation of smart phones and AR technologies, we are embracing a stimulating way of Human-Computer Interaction. Many AR mobile applications were developed in many fields such as education, health, design and Translation... This paper deals with text translation. Many applications are proposed on the market but they are yet limited to a few number of languages. Arabic language is one of these unsupported ones. To overcome this shortage, an AR mobile application for real time Arabic text translation is developed. The user simply hover the device's camera on the desired text and it will be translated automatically and rapidly. This type of application consists of three main components which are: text detection, text extraction and text translation. To ensure the application is performing well, the application is tested on different datasets under different conditions. In addition, a user study test is conducted to test the usability and user satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47161844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.109
Dwi Joko Suroso, D. Gautam, S. Sunarno
In the next wireless communication generation, 5G, it is obvious to employ the half-spacing antenna elements as high-resolution antenna array. However, to compensate the lower aperture from short-spacing elements, the number of antennas should be grown larger. It will be costly and increase complexity in terms of antenna array analysis. In this paper, the aliasing effects on beamforming of antenna array geometry utilizes inter-element spacing more than half-lambda. The antenna geometry of linear, circular and planar will be explored in this paper and the center frequency for simulation is 60 GHz. It is also due the fact that many researchers on 5G believe 60 GHz will be employed as 5G frequency band. 60 GHz is truly higher than today Long-term-evolution (LTE) working frequency and it is really challenging to its signal model due to small wavelength and its effective signal working distance as effect of rain attenuation, etc. As our preliminary results, linear array, which only considers the azimuthal, the spatial aliasing appears in the inter-element distance more than 1-lambda. The circular and planar consider the azimuth and elevation properties of incoming signals. In circular array, the power angular of a signal can be detected accurately applying the 3-sector antenna pattern. When the inter-element distance grows more than 1.5 lambda, the spatial aliasing which appear to be side lobe with similar power angular dominate the incoming signal detection. The result shows us that employing the 2-lambda distance or more will be useless. Planar array which actually a 2-axis linear array give unexpected results, most of detections are inaccurate and power angular also low. This concludes that spatial aliasing effects will degrade the beamforming performance due to confusion between real signal and fake signal resulting from similar values of array factor.
{"title":"Spatial aliasing effects on beamforming performance in large-spacing antenna array","authors":"Dwi Joko Suroso, D. Gautam, S. Sunarno","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.109","url":null,"abstract":"In the next wireless communication generation, 5G, it is obvious to employ the half-spacing antenna elements as high-resolution antenna array. However, to compensate the lower aperture from short-spacing elements, the number of antennas should be grown larger. It will be costly and increase complexity in terms of antenna array analysis. In this paper, the aliasing effects on beamforming of antenna array geometry utilizes inter-element spacing more than half-lambda. The antenna geometry of linear, circular and planar will be explored in this paper and the center frequency for simulation is 60 GHz. It is also due the fact that many researchers on 5G believe 60 GHz will be employed as 5G frequency band. 60 GHz is truly higher than today Long-term-evolution (LTE) working frequency and it is really challenging to its signal model due to small wavelength and its effective signal working distance as effect of rain attenuation, etc. As our preliminary results, linear array, which only considers the azimuthal, the spatial aliasing appears in the inter-element distance more than 1-lambda. The circular and planar consider the azimuth and elevation properties of incoming signals. In circular array, the power angular of a signal can be detected accurately applying the 3-sector antenna pattern. When the inter-element distance grows more than 1.5 lambda, the spatial aliasing which appear to be side lobe with similar power angular dominate the incoming signal detection. The result shows us that employing the 2-lambda distance or more will be useless. Planar array which actually a 2-axis linear array give unexpected results, most of detections are inaccurate and power angular also low. This concludes that spatial aliasing effects will degrade the beamforming performance due to confusion between real signal and fake signal resulting from similar values of array factor.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43395890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.104
A. A. Septarina, F. Rahutomo, M. Sarosa
Today, Machine Translation have an important role in communication. The need of Machine Translation System is getting higher in this information era. Some Machine Translation already exist, but many researcher interested to improve the quality of translation more natural. Find an optimal translation is not an easy thing to do in language processing. In this paper, we discuss about Machine Translation survey that contain Indonesia language to other language. There are different approaches to machine translation. Various method used in evaluating were also discussed like BLEU and NIST. Moreover, its future works to improve the translation quality. From the review results obtained that the translation has better performance depend on the number of corpus, well-behaved aligned corpus, and the technique used.
{"title":"Machine translation of Indonesian: a review","authors":"A. A. Septarina, F. Rahutomo, M. Sarosa","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.104","url":null,"abstract":"Today, Machine Translation have an important role in communication. The need of Machine Translation System is getting higher in this information era. Some Machine Translation already exist, but many researcher interested to improve the quality of translation more natural. Find an optimal translation is not an easy thing to do in language processing. In this paper, we discuss about Machine Translation survey that contain Indonesia language to other language. There are different approaches to machine translation. Various method used in evaluating were also discussed like BLEU and NIST. Moreover, its future works to improve the translation quality. From the review results obtained that the translation has better performance depend on the number of corpus, well-behaved aligned corpus, and the technique used.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49376238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.111
M. Arip, Yan Wanglin, K. Hirose
Despite its potential use for earth observation and GIS-based analysis, Public Administrative Database (PAD) has been neglected in the spatial big data discussions. For instance, linking unaggregated public databases to the smallest administrative units for mining spatial data currently absents from literatures. In this study, a neighbourhood association base map was developed and the usability as a platform for linking PAD in Indonesia was investigated. The base map is proposed as a new feature in the Indonesia’s SDI. A data model was developed, and data accuracy and reliability were assessed by a case study. Four unaggregated databases obtained from public institutions were examined using common structured query language. The results show that from 1.3 million records, more than 95% can be directly linked to the base map. Finally, it is concluded that despite existence of challenges, linking PAD with the base map is feasible and beneficial for GIS-based analysis.
{"title":"Using neighborhood association area as new spatial data infrastructure to link public administrative data with GIS in Indonesia","authors":"M. Arip, Yan Wanglin, K. Hirose","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.111","url":null,"abstract":"Despite its potential use for earth observation and GIS-based analysis, Public Administrative Database (PAD) has been neglected in the spatial big data discussions. For instance, linking unaggregated public databases to the smallest administrative units for mining spatial data currently absents from literatures. In this study, a neighbourhood association base map was developed and the usability as a platform for linking PAD in Indonesia was investigated. The base map is proposed as a new feature in the Indonesia’s SDI. A data model was developed, and data accuracy and reliability were assessed by a case study. Four unaggregated databases obtained from public institutions were examined using common structured query language. The results show that from 1.3 million records, more than 95% can be directly linked to the base map. Finally, it is concluded that despite existence of challenges, linking PAD with the base map is feasible and beneficial for GIS-based analysis.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68395373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.112
F. Trapsilawati, T. Wijayanto, Eggie Septiawan Jourdy
This study investigates users’ trust and reliance toward navigation systems. Forty participants participated in the experiment comparing Google Maps and Waze that have different mechanisms (data-based vs community-based). Our findings revealed that users had higher trust in Waze than Google Maps, due to the higher degree of flexibility in information sharing. Next, we found that users tend to utilize the navigation application that they have used, implying that trust in navigation system is highly associated with trustors’ prior experience and familiarity. Lastly, Google Maps users changed their reliance on Google Maps to Waze upon experiencing Waze features. This study offers several implications that system designers: (i) must ensure that the system’s transparency is maintained, (ii) should profoundly analyze possible interaction between users and computer agents, (iii) should ensure that certain safety conditions are maintained despite the freedom of information sharing provided by the computer agent
{"title":"Human-computer trust in navigation systems: google maps vs waze","authors":"F. Trapsilawati, T. Wijayanto, Eggie Septiawan Jourdy","doi":"10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.4.1.2019.112","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates users’ trust and reliance toward navigation systems. Forty participants participated in the experiment comparing Google Maps and Waze that have different mechanisms (data-based vs community-based). Our findings revealed that users had higher trust in Waze than Google Maps, due to the higher degree of flexibility in information sharing. Next, we found that users tend to utilize the navigation application that they have used, implying that trust in navigation system is highly associated with trustors’ prior experience and familiarity. Lastly, Google Maps users changed their reliance on Google Maps to Waze upon experiencing Waze features. This study offers several implications that system designers: (i) must ensure that the system’s transparency is maintained, (ii) should profoundly analyze possible interaction between users and computer agents, (iii) should ensure that certain safety conditions are maintained despite the freedom of information sharing provided by the computer agent","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41397133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.83
A. Chafidz
Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) can be considered as promising relatively new types of composite materials. PNCs give opportunity to develop new composites materials with different structure-property relationships compared to their conventional micro/macro scale composites. Polyolefin based nanocomposites nowadays become more important, because this type of composites has been largely used in various industries. For example, polypropylene based nanocomposites have been widely used in automobile – related industries to replace their conventional composites. This review paper will focus on the polypropylene based nanocomposites prepared using masterbatches of nanoclay and nano-CaCO3 via melt compounding method. The thermal and mechanical properties of such nanocomposites were also discussed.
{"title":"Enhancing thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene using masterbatches of nanoclay and nano-CaCO3: A review","authors":"A. Chafidz","doi":"10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.83","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) can be considered as promising relatively new types of composite materials. PNCs give opportunity to develop new composites materials with different structure-property relationships compared to their conventional micro/macro scale composites. Polyolefin based nanocomposites nowadays become more important, because this type of composites has been largely used in various industries. For example, polypropylene based nanocomposites have been widely used in automobile – related industries to replace their conventional composites. This review paper will focus on the polypropylene based nanocomposites prepared using masterbatches of nanoclay and nano-CaCO3 via melt compounding method. The thermal and mechanical properties of such nanocomposites were also discussed.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45470543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-14DOI: 10.21924/cst.3.1.2018.70
Khomaini Hasan
Haloalkane dehalogenases (HLDs) are hydrolytic enzymes that catalyze a removal of halogenated species in many toxic halogenated compounds. These enzymes belong to hydrolase family that mostly adopt a typically a/b hydrolase structure. They have many potential applications, such as industrial biocatalysis, pharmaceutics, biosensors, or detoxification of chemical weapons. In this review, structure, mechanism and applications of these enzymes will be discussed.
{"title":"A mini review of haloalkane dehalogenase: From molecular characterization to applications","authors":"Khomaini Hasan","doi":"10.21924/cst.3.1.2018.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/cst.3.1.2018.70","url":null,"abstract":"Haloalkane dehalogenases (HLDs) are hydrolytic enzymes that catalyze a removal of halogenated species in many toxic halogenated compounds. These enzymes belong to hydrolase family that mostly adopt a typically a/b hydrolase structure. They have many potential applications, such as industrial biocatalysis, pharmaceutics, biosensors, or detoxification of chemical weapons. In this review, structure, mechanism and applications of these enzymes will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45702207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.79
Mohammad Dian Pahlevi, B. Soewito
The use of CGNAT at PT. ZYX as a mobile telecommunication service provider cannot be relied as the solution to solve addressing needs against subscriber growth in future technology. Meanwhile, native IPv6 deployment is currently application-driven, which requires maturity support in either subscriber user equipment, network, and application itself. IPv4/IPv6 dual stack deployment was selected by PT. ZYX as stepping stone towards native IPv6 deployment. This paper analyzes the impact of dual stack IPv4/IPv6 deployment for mobile subscribers at PT. ZYX. After selecting the dual stack approach and completing the deployment, test and measurements were performed to confirm the connectivity also against the performance and node utilization to conclude the impact. The test confirmed successful connectivity and the measurements showed that the deployment gives significant enhancement of routing table size and NAT table in node utilization and does not cause performance drop of hop count, throughput, and download time.
{"title":"Impact of mobile subscribers dual stack IPv4/IPv6 deployment","authors":"Mohammad Dian Pahlevi, B. Soewito","doi":"10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.79","url":null,"abstract":"The use of CGNAT at PT. ZYX as a mobile telecommunication service provider cannot be relied as the solution to solve addressing needs against subscriber growth in future technology. Meanwhile, native IPv6 deployment is currently application-driven, which requires maturity support in either subscriber user equipment, network, and application itself. IPv4/IPv6 dual stack deployment was selected by PT. ZYX as stepping stone towards native IPv6 deployment. This paper analyzes the impact of dual stack IPv4/IPv6 deployment for mobile subscribers at PT. ZYX. After selecting the dual stack approach and completing the deployment, test and measurements were performed to confirm the connectivity also against the performance and node utilization to conclude the impact. The test confirmed successful connectivity and the measurements showed that the deployment gives significant enhancement of routing table size and NAT table in node utilization and does not cause performance drop of hop count, throughput, and download time.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46115345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-14DOI: 10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.81
Moch. Yandra Darajat, K. Komarudin, A. Hidayatno
This research discusses the application of inventory simulation and optimization model for food safety program in Indonesia. Frozen meat is a complementary commodity for fresh meat that has an inadequate supply in the country. The disadvantage of frozen meat is that it needs to be stored in a refrigerator to maintain its quality and thus increases the cost. Therefore, an appropriate inventory policy is crucial to minimize the cost. In order to deal with this situation, a Monte Carlo simulation followed by an optimization model is proposed. Specifically, the Moving Average and the Winter Methods are used to predict the demand in the future. The results show the best inventory policy thus the cost is minimized and the national needs are satisfied.
{"title":"Inventory simulation model of frozen-meat for food-safety program","authors":"Moch. Yandra Darajat, K. Komarudin, A. Hidayatno","doi":"10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21924/CST.3.1.2018.81","url":null,"abstract":"This research discusses the application of inventory simulation and optimization model for food safety program in Indonesia. Frozen meat is a complementary commodity for fresh meat that has an inadequate supply in the country. The disadvantage of frozen meat is that it needs to be stored in a refrigerator to maintain its quality and thus increases the cost. Therefore, an appropriate inventory policy is crucial to minimize the cost. In order to deal with this situation, a Monte Carlo simulation followed by an optimization model is proposed. Specifically, the Moving Average and the Winter Methods are used to predict the demand in the future. The results show the best inventory policy thus the cost is minimized and the national needs are satisfied.","PeriodicalId":36437,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42661698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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