Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-58-64
N. A. Sokolovich, A. A. Saunina, N. A. Ogrina, I. Soldatov
Relevance. Distoclusion is the most common anomaly of occlusion in childhood. Genetic predisposition, bad habits, premature loss of teeth, somatic pathologies are predisposing factors for impaired growth and development of the maxillofacial region. Pupils of general educational organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense serve as a personnel reserve for law enforcement agencies and services, and their health, including dental health, is a priority for its preservation and strengthening Intention – To assess effects of distoclusion on the child’s social and psychological adaptation.Methodology. 50 children of 11–12 years with distoclusion (К07.20 by ICD-10) who were enrolled in the 1st year of study underwent survey along with their legal representatives to identify complaints and somatic pathology, as well as an assessment of the psychological status using the Children’s Form of Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS); clinical examination; photo protocol; calculation of 3D control and diagnostic models by the method of Pont, Ton, Korkhaus.Results and Discussion. When being taken anamnesis, children and their parents complained of aesthetic and functional disorders. A significant correlation was found between the narrowing of the upper jaw in the area of the premolars by (5.4 ± 0.)7 mm, in the area of the molars by (5.7 ± 1.3) mm; narrowing of the lower jaw in the area of premolars by (6.0 ± 0.3) mm and molars by (4.1 ± 0.7) mm and the psychological state of the examined children. The average CMAS level was (7.3 ± 2.3), which indicates increased anxiety in the children. 8 (16 %) pupils had a high level of anxiety and required measures of psychological correction and psychoprophylaxis.Conclusion. In pupils with distoclusion, there is a pronounced narrowing of the dentition in the area of premolars and molars, significant overjet, protrusion of the anterior group of teeth, which affects the aesthetic perception by others and is reflected in the psychological state of the examined children.
的相关性。咬合是儿童最常见的咬合异常。遗传易感性、不良习惯、牙齿过早脱落、躯体病变是诱发颌面部生长发育受损的易感因素。俄罗斯国防部普通教育机构的学生是执法机构和服务部门的后备人员，他们的健康，包括牙齿健康，是维护和加强这些机构的优先事项。50名11-12岁患有自闭症的儿童(К07.20由ICD-10提供)参加了第一年的研究，他们与他们的法律代表一起接受了调查，以确定抱怨和躯体病理，并使用儿童表现焦虑量表(CMAS)评估心理状态;临床检查;照片协议;用Pont, Ton, Korkhaus的方法计算三维控制和诊断模型。结果和讨论。在接受记忆治疗时，儿童及其父母抱怨审美和功能障碍。上颌前磨牙面积缩小(5.4±0.7)mm，磨牙面积缩小(5.7±1.3)mm;下颌骨前磨牙区狭窄(6.0±0.3)mm，磨牙区狭窄(4.1±0.7)mm与被检查儿童心理状态的关系。CMAS平均水平为(7.3±2.3)，提示患儿焦虑加重。8名(16%)小学生有高度焦虑，需要采取心理矫正和心理预防措施。在断闭的瞳孔中，前磨牙和磨牙区域的牙列明显变窄，前组牙明显覆盖、突出，影响他人的审美，也反映在被检查儿童的心理状态上。
{"title":"Evaluation of dental anomalies in pupils of educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense of Russia and its impact on the level of anxiety","authors":"N. A. Sokolovich, A. A. Saunina, N. A. Ogrina, I. Soldatov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-58-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-58-64","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Distoclusion is the most common anomaly of occlusion in childhood. Genetic predisposition, bad habits, premature loss of teeth, somatic pathologies are predisposing factors for impaired growth and development of the maxillofacial region. Pupils of general educational organizations of the Russian Ministry of Defense serve as a personnel reserve for law enforcement agencies and services, and their health, including dental health, is a priority for its preservation and strengthening Intention – To assess effects of distoclusion on the child’s social and psychological adaptation.Methodology. 50 children of 11–12 years with distoclusion (К07.20 by ICD-10) who were enrolled in the 1st year of study underwent survey along with their legal representatives to identify complaints and somatic pathology, as well as an assessment of the psychological status using the Children’s Form of Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS); clinical examination; photo protocol; calculation of 3D control and diagnostic models by the method of Pont, Ton, Korkhaus.Results and Discussion. When being taken anamnesis, children and their parents complained of aesthetic and functional disorders. A significant correlation was found between the narrowing of the upper jaw in the area of the premolars by (5.4 ± 0.)7 mm, in the area of the molars by (5.7 ± 1.3) mm; narrowing of the lower jaw in the area of premolars by (6.0 ± 0.3) mm and molars by (4.1 ± 0.7) mm and the psychological state of the examined children. The average CMAS level was (7.3 ± 2.3), which indicates increased anxiety in the children. 8 (16 %) pupils had a high level of anxiety and required measures of psychological correction and psychoprophylaxis.Conclusion. In pupils with distoclusion, there is a pronounced narrowing of the dentition in the area of premolars and molars, significant overjet, protrusion of the anterior group of teeth, which affects the aesthetic perception by others and is reflected in the psychological state of the examined children.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80981095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-37-57
V. Evdokimov, E. V. Bobrinev, A. A. Kondashov
Relevance. Extreme conditions of activity of the personnel of the operational units of the EMERCOM of Russia while on duty for emergency elimination of the consequences of accidents, disasters, fires and other emergency situations (ES), probably cause excessive stress on the functional reserves of the body, along with professionally accelerated diseases, erroneous actions, injuries and even death.Intention – To conduct an analysis of the risks of death by causes of fatal injuries, type of activity, categories of personnel and operational services of the EMERCOM of Russia for 10 years from 2012 to 2021.Methodology. The indicators of fatal injuries among personnel (military, employees with special ranks, and workers) of the operational units of the EMERCOM of Russia were obtained from the statistical data bank on morbidity, injuries, disability and death in the line of duty. Deaths of personnel were correlated with activities (liquidation of ES consequences, education and sports, everyday activities), 18 circumstances of injury were classified by causes (technical, organizational, psychophysiological and dangerous ES factors). Risks of death were calculated per 100 thousand ( ×10–5) personnel. Arithmetic means and their errors (M ± m) are indicated. Results and Discussion. Over 10 years (2012–2021), 202 staff members of the EMERCOM of Russia died on duty due to fatal injuries, on average (20 ± 3) people per year. The average annual risk of death in the operational services of the EMERCOM of Russia was (9.49 ± 1.37) ∙ 10–5, for male workers in the Russian economy it was almost the same, (9.84 ± 0.56) ∙ 10–5, for firefighters from the created array from 32 countries – statistically significantly lower, (2.27 ± 0.29) ∙ 10–5 (p < 0.001). Technical factors were associated with (0.87 ± 0.58) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and accounted for 9.4% of fatalities; organizational factors – with (1.09 ± 0.43) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 11.4% of fatalities; psychophysiological factors – with (3.70 ± 0.32) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 39.1 % of fatalities; ES hazards – with (3.83 ± 0.85) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 41.1% fatalities. Operational activities were associated with (5.31 ± 1.26) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 55.9 % of all the fatalities; training and sports – with (0.75 ± 0.24) ∙ 10–5 and 8 % of all the fatalities; daily activities were associated with (3.44 ± 0.44) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 36.1 % all the fatalities.For the operational staff, risk of death turned out to be (9.06 ± 1.06) ∙ 10–5 and 63.9 %, respectively, for the prevention staff – (5.61 ± 1.42) ∙ 10–5 and 4 %, respectively; for the technical staff – (13.83 ± 5.96) ∙ 10–5 and 15.8 %, respectively, for managers – (10.26 ± 2.64) ∙ 10–5 and 16.8 %, respectively. For the personnel of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia the risk of death was (7.80 ± 0.74) ∙ 10–5 and 73.8 %, respectively; for the Rescue military units of the EMERCOM of Russia – (37.32 ±19.10) ∙ 10–5 and 13.4 %, respectively; for the Sear
{"title":"Indicators of the risk of death when performing professional duties in personnel of the operational services of the EMERCOM of Russia","authors":"V. Evdokimov, E. V. Bobrinev, A. A. Kondashov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-37-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-37-57","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Extreme conditions of activity of the personnel of the operational units of the EMERCOM of Russia while on duty for emergency elimination of the consequences of accidents, disasters, fires and other emergency situations (ES), probably cause excessive stress on the functional reserves of the body, along with professionally accelerated diseases, erroneous actions, injuries and even death.Intention – To conduct an analysis of the risks of death by causes of fatal injuries, type of activity, categories of personnel and operational services of the EMERCOM of Russia for 10 years from 2012 to 2021.Methodology. The indicators of fatal injuries among personnel (military, employees with special ranks, and workers) of the operational units of the EMERCOM of Russia were obtained from the statistical data bank on morbidity, injuries, disability and death in the line of duty. Deaths of personnel were correlated with activities (liquidation of ES consequences, education and sports, everyday activities), 18 circumstances of injury were classified by causes (technical, organizational, psychophysiological and dangerous ES factors). Risks of death were calculated per 100 thousand ( ×10–5) personnel. Arithmetic means and their errors (M ± m) are indicated. Results and Discussion. Over 10 years (2012–2021), 202 staff members of the EMERCOM of Russia died on duty due to fatal injuries, on average (20 ± 3) people per year. The average annual risk of death in the operational services of the EMERCOM of Russia was (9.49 ± 1.37) ∙ 10–5, for male workers in the Russian economy it was almost the same, (9.84 ± 0.56) ∙ 10–5, for firefighters from the created array from 32 countries – statistically significantly lower, (2.27 ± 0.29) ∙ 10–5 (p < 0.001). Technical factors were associated with (0.87 ± 0.58) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and accounted for 9.4% of fatalities; organizational factors – with (1.09 ± 0.43) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 11.4% of fatalities; psychophysiological factors – with (3.70 ± 0.32) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 39.1 % of fatalities; ES hazards – with (3.83 ± 0.85) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 41.1% fatalities. Operational activities were associated with (5.31 ± 1.26) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 55.9 % of all the fatalities; training and sports – with (0.75 ± 0.24) ∙ 10–5 and 8 % of all the fatalities; daily activities were associated with (3.44 ± 0.44) ∙ 10–5 risk of death and 36.1 % all the fatalities.For the operational staff, risk of death turned out to be (9.06 ± 1.06) ∙ 10–5 and 63.9 %, respectively, for the prevention staff – (5.61 ± 1.42) ∙ 10–5 and 4 %, respectively; for the technical staff – (13.83 ± 5.96) ∙ 10–5 and 15.8 %, respectively, for managers – (10.26 ± 2.64) ∙ 10–5 and 16.8 %, respectively. For the personnel of the Federal Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia the risk of death was (7.80 ± 0.74) ∙ 10–5 and 73.8 %, respectively; for the Rescue military units of the EMERCOM of Russia – (37.32 ±19.10) ∙ 10–5 and 13.4 %, respectively; for the Sear","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87542104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-111-120
K. Chernov
Relevance. Artificial intelligence is one of the fastest growing areas in the field of computer technology. Intention is to provide an overview of modern artificial intelligence technologies applied in various branches of Safety in Emergency Situations and summarize modern emergency management systems. Methodology. The object of the study was research on safety in emergency situations, presented in the global stream of scientific articles published in 2005–2020 and indexed in the abstract-bibliographic databases Scopus and the Russian Science Citation Index. Results and discussion. A review of modern artificial intelligence technologies made it possible to create a generalized classification of its systems used in various branches of security in emergency situations, including for preventing the development of crisis situations, and to show the main examples of use in this branch of knowledge. Conclusion. A promising direction in the use of AI systems is the classification of texts, in particular, scientific articles and other specialized texts on a specific research topic, which can be carried out using machine learning methods. An important role is given to text pre-processing technologies, or tokenization.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in the field of information support of emergencies (literature review)","authors":"K. Chernov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-111-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-111-120","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Artificial intelligence is one of the fastest growing areas in the field of computer technology. Intention is to provide an overview of modern artificial intelligence technologies applied in various branches of Safety in Emergency Situations and summarize modern emergency management systems. Methodology. The object of the study was research on safety in emergency situations, presented in the global stream of scientific articles published in 2005–2020 and indexed in the abstract-bibliographic databases Scopus and the Russian Science Citation Index. Results and discussion. A review of modern artificial intelligence technologies made it possible to create a generalized classification of its systems used in various branches of security in emergency situations, including for preventing the development of crisis situations, and to show the main examples of use in this branch of knowledge. Conclusion. A promising direction in the use of AI systems is the classification of texts, in particular, scientific articles and other specialized texts on a specific research topic, which can be carried out using machine learning methods. An important role is given to text pre-processing technologies, or tokenization.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"775 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77528687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-76-88
P. Ermakov, E. Denisova, A. Kolenova
Relevance. The number of people suffering from various kinds of addictions (alcohol, drugs, gambling and others) is growing every year. This is also associated with an increase in domestic violence and a deterioration in the quality of life. An important place in partnership, family relations has a family member (partner) living with an addict. Co-dependency as a personal characteristic of other family members in these conditions becomes important for rehabilitation and support, as well as therapy for antisocial behavior of addicts.Intention. The study was aimed to analyze the results of empirical and theoretical studies in psychology and related sciences on the phenomenon of codependency and identify genes that are most likely to be associated with codependency, attachment, behavior in relationships and the formation of adaptive and maladaptive codependent behavior strategies.Methodology. A theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the problem has been carried out using the PubMed database, the Google Academy search platforms, and using the resources of the Scientific Electronic Library (eLIBRARY.ru).Results and Discussion. It is shown that with a complex structure, the codependency has a large number of connections with personality traits, which in turn have biological predictors and are associated with various genes. The results of psychogenetic studies on the role of genes in the formation of emotional and personal characteristics, dependent behavior, emotional attachment and features of human social behavior are described. These are mostly genes associated with the work of neurotransmitter systems and neuropeptide genes.Conclusion. In order to identify the biological determination of codependency, the study of polymorphisms of the DRD2, DAT, and OXTP genes will be the most promising. Also of interest are the DRD4, COMT, 5-HTTLPR, BDNF, MAOA, 5HT2A, 5HT1A, and PKNOX2 genes.
{"title":"Psychological and genetic parameters associated with the codependency: analytical review","authors":"P. Ermakov, E. Denisova, A. Kolenova","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-76-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-76-88","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The number of people suffering from various kinds of addictions (alcohol, drugs, gambling and others) is growing every year. This is also associated with an increase in domestic violence and a deterioration in the quality of life. An important place in partnership, family relations has a family member (partner) living with an addict. Co-dependency as a personal characteristic of other family members in these conditions becomes important for rehabilitation and support, as well as therapy for antisocial behavior of addicts.Intention. The study was aimed to analyze the results of empirical and theoretical studies in psychology and related sciences on the phenomenon of codependency and identify genes that are most likely to be associated with codependency, attachment, behavior in relationships and the formation of adaptive and maladaptive codependent behavior strategies.Methodology. A theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the problem has been carried out using the PubMed database, the Google Academy search platforms, and using the resources of the Scientific Electronic Library (eLIBRARY.ru).Results and Discussion. It is shown that with a complex structure, the codependency has a large number of connections with personality traits, which in turn have biological predictors and are associated with various genes. The results of psychogenetic studies on the role of genes in the formation of emotional and personal characteristics, dependent behavior, emotional attachment and features of human social behavior are described. These are mostly genes associated with the work of neurotransmitter systems and neuropeptide genes.Conclusion. In order to identify the biological determination of codependency, the study of polymorphisms of the DRD2, DAT, and OXTP genes will be the most promising. Also of interest are the DRD4, COMT, 5-HTTLPR, BDNF, MAOA, 5HT2A, 5HT1A, and PKNOX2 genes.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87460827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-100-110
D. Alhasan
{"title":"Factors associated with job satisfaction of emergency medical services professionals – a cross-sectional study","authors":"D. Alhasan","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-100-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-100-110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76276289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-65-75
A. Pleshkov, S. G. Shapovalov
Relevance. The profession of a firefighter involves performing tasks in extreme conditions and is associated with an increased risk of occupational injuries. Despite organizational and technological measures aimed to prevent occupational injuries or death, there are frequent cases of traumatic events in the line of duty, including extensive burns. Such cases are often of a group nature and attract significant public attention.Intention. To present a clinical case of successful treatment of two firefighters who got severe burn injuries in the line of duty.Methodology. The surgical tactics and features of the intensive care of two severely burned firefighters with an unfavorable prognosis, according to the common prognostic scales, are described. The first national experience of large-scale (more than 15 % TBSA) application of novel skin equivalents – dermal regeneration templates is discussed.Results and Discussion. Outcomes of injuries in both cases were favorable. It was possible to avoid severe disability of the patients. This result was achieved through the implementation of modern treatment strategy of critical burns, namely multidisciplinary approach from the moment of admission; early aggressive removal of non-viable tissues, which allows interrupting the pathogenetic mechanism of burn disease; active use of temporary substitutes for the skin, including those of biological origin – the so-called skin equivalents; early restoration of the skin with the priority of functionally active areas (hands, neck, large joints); primary reconstructive surgeries, involving the use of complex plastic methods in the acute period иof injury. Being more resource-demanding, early surgical treatment of burns provides not only reduction of hospital stay, but also a decrease in mortality and improvement in the functional outcomes.Conclusion. The experience of treating these patients demonstrates on the high role of the organization of burn care and the use of new technologies. Novel biological skin substitutes help overcome the lack of donor resources, associated with extensive deep burns. Despite the unfavorable prognosis, the complex application of innovative medical technologies not only provided a favorable outcome for injured firefighters with severe burns, but also allowed them to return to service.
{"title":"Successful treatment of critical burns on the example of firefighters: case study presentation","authors":"A. Pleshkov, S. G. Shapovalov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-65-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-65-75","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The profession of a firefighter involves performing tasks in extreme conditions and is associated with an increased risk of occupational injuries. Despite organizational and technological measures aimed to prevent occupational injuries or death, there are frequent cases of traumatic events in the line of duty, including extensive burns. Such cases are often of a group nature and attract significant public attention.Intention. To present a clinical case of successful treatment of two firefighters who got severe burn injuries in the line of duty.Methodology. The surgical tactics and features of the intensive care of two severely burned firefighters with an unfavorable prognosis, according to the common prognostic scales, are described. The first national experience of large-scale (more than 15 % TBSA) application of novel skin equivalents – dermal regeneration templates is discussed.Results and Discussion. Outcomes of injuries in both cases were favorable. It was possible to avoid severe disability of the patients. This result was achieved through the implementation of modern treatment strategy of critical burns, namely multidisciplinary approach from the moment of admission; early aggressive removal of non-viable tissues, which allows interrupting the pathogenetic mechanism of burn disease; active use of temporary substitutes for the skin, including those of biological origin – the so-called skin equivalents; early restoration of the skin with the priority of functionally active areas (hands, neck, large joints); primary reconstructive surgeries, involving the use of complex plastic methods in the acute period иof injury. Being more resource-demanding, early surgical treatment of burns provides not only reduction of hospital stay, but also a decrease in mortality and improvement in the functional outcomes.Conclusion. The experience of treating these patients demonstrates on the high role of the organization of burn care and the use of new technologies. Novel biological skin substitutes help overcome the lack of donor resources, associated with extensive deep burns. Despite the unfavorable prognosis, the complex application of innovative medical technologies not only provided a favorable outcome for injured firefighters with severe burns, but also allowed them to return to service.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88385045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-28-36
S. A. Gumenyuk, V. I. Potapov, G. V. Sheptunov, A. Sysoev, V. Egorov, A. S. Pilyaeva
Relevance. The problem of organizing and providing emergency medical care during the medical evacuation of seriously injured in emergency situations who received burns remains relevant up to the present time. The effectiveness of the intensive care performed at the prehospital stage significantly affects the condition of patients and the outcome of the treatment. A fairly effective and safe way to evacuate victims in critical condition, including those with burns, is the use of air ambulance. At the same time, the preparation and management of patients subject to air medical transportation requires solving a number of problems during the flight.Intention. To analyze the results of the organization and implementation of intensive care over the past 8 years in seriously injured people with burns after emergencies during aeromedical evacuation by a light-class helicopter.Methodology. We analyzed data from the automated information and analytical system “Disaster Medicine of the city of Moscow” of the Moscow Territorial Scientific and Practical Center of Disaster Medicine (CEMP) of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow concerning medical evacuation of patients with burns over the past 8 years (2014–2021). Historical, statistical, analytical methods were used in the study.Results and Discussion. The main causes of thermal injury are fires, which rank third in the number of events and the number of victims, and first in the number of deaths. In the structure of victims with thermal trauma, 26 % were in extremely serious and serious condition, of which 2 % needed artificial lung ventilation and tracheal intubation. Indications and features of artificial lung ventilation with tracheal intubation were determined for victims with thermal burns who were subject to medical evacuation by a light-class ambulance helicopter.Conclusion. Aeromedical transportation of a burn patient with adequate therapy is relatively safe and prognostically more effective compared to other methods of medical evacuation. When using flight crews with little experience in providing emergency medical care to victims with large burns, special attention should be paid to resuscitation and maintaining euthermia (maintaining human body temperature).
{"title":"Features of the organization and implementation of intensive care in seriously injured with burns during the air medical evacuation","authors":"S. A. Gumenyuk, V. I. Potapov, G. V. Sheptunov, A. Sysoev, V. Egorov, A. S. Pilyaeva","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-28-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-28-36","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The problem of organizing and providing emergency medical care during the medical evacuation of seriously injured in emergency situations who received burns remains relevant up to the present time. The effectiveness of the intensive care performed at the prehospital stage significantly affects the condition of patients and the outcome of the treatment. A fairly effective and safe way to evacuate victims in critical condition, including those with burns, is the use of air ambulance. At the same time, the preparation and management of patients subject to air medical transportation requires solving a number of problems during the flight.Intention. To analyze the results of the organization and implementation of intensive care over the past 8 years in seriously injured people with burns after emergencies during aeromedical evacuation by a light-class helicopter.Methodology. We analyzed data from the automated information and analytical system “Disaster Medicine of the city of Moscow” of the Moscow Territorial Scientific and Practical Center of Disaster Medicine (CEMP) of the Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow concerning medical evacuation of patients with burns over the past 8 years (2014–2021). Historical, statistical, analytical methods were used in the study.Results and Discussion. The main causes of thermal injury are fires, which rank third in the number of events and the number of victims, and first in the number of deaths. In the structure of victims with thermal trauma, 26 % were in extremely serious and serious condition, of which 2 % needed artificial lung ventilation and tracheal intubation. Indications and features of artificial lung ventilation with tracheal intubation were determined for victims with thermal burns who were subject to medical evacuation by a light-class ambulance helicopter.Conclusion. Aeromedical transportation of a burn patient with adequate therapy is relatively safe and prognostically more effective compared to other methods of medical evacuation. When using flight crews with little experience in providing emergency medical care to victims with large burns, special attention should be paid to resuscitation and maintaining euthermia (maintaining human body temperature).","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86657956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-89-99
A. Marchenko, A. V. Lobachev, O. Vinogradova, D. V. Moiseev, V. V. Kukhtаlyov
Relevance. The low accuracy of deviant behavior (DB) detecting and predicting in military personnel using questionnaire methods underlines the need to search for new, more reliable approaches, in a number of which behavioral methods in the paradigm of Research Domain criteria are of particular interest, because they reveal biological prerequisites for deviant behavior, which is extremely important for improving occupational psychological selection.Intention – to study the features of neurocognitive functions in military personnel with deviant behavior in order to improve the methods of its diagnosis.Methodology. 3 groups of servicemen were examined: 1 st (n = 16) – with a predominance of internalizing behavior (suicidal forms of DB, F43.20 by ICD-10); 2nd (n = 21) – with externalizing patterns of behavior (addictive and asocial forms of DB, F34.0, F43.24, F61.0 by ICD-10); 3rd (n = 24) – mentally healthy servicemen. The following methods were used: “Stop signal”, Stroop test, “Affective priming”; 4) Iowa gambling task.Results and Discussion. The examination revealed the following: 1) according to the “Stop signal” test: in groups 1 and 2, there was a predominance of the priority of response speed over accuracy with a reduced response time in case of action and inaction reactions; 2) according to the Stroop test: in groups 1 and 2, increased number of errors in congruent responses and the average reaction time in congruent and incongruent types of responses, as well as the Stroop effect magnitudes were detected; 3) according to the “Affective priming” method: in groups 1 and 2, there was a reduced difference in the time of response during congruent and incongruent preconditioning to negative and positive stimuli; 4) according to the Iowa gambling task: the ability to learn based on emotional feedback in groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than in group 3; sensitivity to punishment was also maximum in group 3, in group 1 it was significantly lower, while in group 2 it was of a paradoxical, inverted nature.Conclusion. The neurobiological basis for increased predisposition to deviant behavior is excessive impulsivity due to a deficit in cognitive and behavioral inhibition, as well as a lower sensitivity of the affective response system. The use of neurocognitive tests for measuring individual indicators of impulsivity and affective response will improve the accuracy and reliability of predicting deviant behavior in military personnel, and the impact on these biological targets will effectively correct these behavioral phenomena.
{"title":"Neurocognitive features of military personnel with deviant behavior","authors":"A. Marchenko, A. V. Lobachev, O. Vinogradova, D. V. Moiseev, V. V. Kukhtаlyov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-89-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-89-99","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The low accuracy of deviant behavior (DB) detecting and predicting in military personnel using questionnaire methods underlines the need to search for new, more reliable approaches, in a number of which behavioral methods in the paradigm of Research Domain criteria are of particular interest, because they reveal biological prerequisites for deviant behavior, which is extremely important for improving occupational psychological selection.Intention – to study the features of neurocognitive functions in military personnel with deviant behavior in order to improve the methods of its diagnosis.Methodology. 3 groups of servicemen were examined: 1 st (n = 16) – with a predominance of internalizing behavior (suicidal forms of DB, F43.20 by ICD-10); 2nd (n = 21) – with externalizing patterns of behavior (addictive and asocial forms of DB, F34.0, F43.24, F61.0 by ICD-10); 3rd (n = 24) – mentally healthy servicemen. The following methods were used: “Stop signal”, Stroop test, “Affective priming”; 4) Iowa gambling task.Results and Discussion. The examination revealed the following: 1) according to the “Stop signal” test: in groups 1 and 2, there was a predominance of the priority of response speed over accuracy with a reduced response time in case of action and inaction reactions; 2) according to the Stroop test: in groups 1 and 2, increased number of errors in congruent responses and the average reaction time in congruent and incongruent types of responses, as well as the Stroop effect magnitudes were detected; 3) according to the “Affective priming” method: in groups 1 and 2, there was a reduced difference in the time of response during congruent and incongruent preconditioning to negative and positive stimuli; 4) according to the Iowa gambling task: the ability to learn based on emotional feedback in groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than in group 3; sensitivity to punishment was also maximum in group 3, in group 1 it was significantly lower, while in group 2 it was of a paradoxical, inverted nature.Conclusion. The neurobiological basis for increased predisposition to deviant behavior is excessive impulsivity due to a deficit in cognitive and behavioral inhibition, as well as a lower sensitivity of the affective response system. The use of neurocognitive tests for measuring individual indicators of impulsivity and affective response will improve the accuracy and reliability of predicting deviant behavior in military personnel, and the impact on these biological targets will effectively correct these behavioral phenomena.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82674246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-13-20
V. E. Batov, S. Kuznetsov, S. M. Logatkin
Relevance. Workers in medical organizations are at risk of developing occupational diseases, including coronavirus infection through frequent contacts with patients and colleagues in the course of their professional activities. Analysis of the causes of infection associated with the pathogen SARS-CoV-2 is the basis for development of preventive measures aimed at minimizing the risk of infection. Intention – development of the main directions for the prevention of COVID-19 morbidity among medical personnel based on a hygienic assessment of occupational risk factors. Methodology. An analysis of cases of a new coronavirus infection among employees of a military medical organization was carried out. An assessment was made of the factors that increase the risk of personnel infection, based on the study of materials from epidemiological investigations and the results of a survey. Results and Discussion. Research has identified factors that increase the risk of COVID-19. An analysis of the causes of the disease showed that in 60 % of cases, infection of personnel is associated with infection at the workplace (contacts with patients – 53.1 %, contacts personnel – 6.9 %), in 38.7 % of cases the cause was not established, in 1.3 % – contacts with sick relatives were registered. A number of specialists from certain professional groups have a higher incidence rate (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists, specialists who carry out sanitary and epidemiological surveillance). It was found that, regardless of the category of work and specialty, during the pandemic, the staff had contacts with sick patients – 78.2 %, contacts with sick colleagues – 53.7 %. Contacts with sick patients increased the risk of developing the disease (RR 1.26; 95 % CI: 1.02–1.55; p = 0.01). The required degree of personnel protection was not provided in this case, which affected the significance of the factor of violation of the rules for the use of PPE (RR 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.48; p = 0.006) in the risk of developing disease. At the same time, the involvement of personnel to the work in the “red zone” increased the likelihood of the disease (RR 2.98; 95 % CI: 1.24–7.17; p = 0.005). Conclusion. The conducted studies made it possible to establish differences in the level of potential risk for certain categories of medical specialists in non-infectious departments (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists; specialists in charge of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance) and to develop directions for preventive measures based on their analysis.
{"title":"Assessment of risk factors for COVID-19 infection in personnel of military medical organizations","authors":"V. E. Batov, S. Kuznetsov, S. M. Logatkin","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-13-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-13-20","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Workers in medical organizations are at risk of developing occupational diseases, including coronavirus infection through frequent contacts with patients and colleagues in the course of their professional activities. Analysis of the causes of infection associated with the pathogen SARS-CoV-2 is the basis for development of preventive measures aimed at minimizing the risk of infection.\u0000Intention – development of the main directions for the prevention of COVID-19 morbidity among medical personnel based on a hygienic assessment of occupational risk factors.\u0000Methodology. An analysis of cases of a new coronavirus infection among employees of a military medical organization was carried out. An assessment was made of the factors that increase the risk of personnel infection, based on the study of materials from epidemiological investigations and the results of a survey.\u0000Results and Discussion. Research has identified factors that increase the risk of COVID-19. An analysis of the causes of the disease showed that in 60 % of cases, infection of personnel is associated with infection at the workplace (contacts with patients – 53.1 %, contacts personnel – 6.9 %), in 38.7 % of cases the cause was not established, in 1.3 % – contacts with sick relatives were registered. A number of specialists from certain professional groups have a higher incidence rate (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists, specialists who carry out sanitary and epidemiological surveillance). It was found that, regardless of the category of work and specialty, during the pandemic, the staff had contacts with sick patients – 78.2 %, contacts with sick colleagues – 53.7 %. Contacts with sick patients increased the risk of developing the disease (RR 1.26; 95 % CI: 1.02–1.55; p = 0.01). The required degree of personnel protection was not provided in this case, which affected the significance of the factor of violation of the rules for the use of PPE (RR 1.66; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.48; p = 0.006) in the risk of developing disease. At the same time, the involvement of personnel to the work in the “red zone” increased the likelihood of the disease (RR 2.98; 95 % CI: 1.24–7.17; p = 0.005).\u0000Conclusion. The conducted studies made it possible to establish differences in the level of potential risk for certain categories of medical specialists in non-infectious departments (traumatologists, surgeons, urologists; specialists in charge of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance) and to develop directions for preventive measures based on their analysis.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87290807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-21-27
E. Belova, V. V. Dantcev, R. Lemeshkin, R. I. Maulenov
Relevance. It is noted that incidence of tuberculosis among population and the military increased with perfect regularity during wars and social upheaval. Therefore the health care system and the medical service of the Armed Forces of Russia should be ready for new challenges.Intention. To assess the characteristics of the course of tuberculosis in female servicemen and female members of military families, the specificity in the organization of specialized medical care for them and of treatment results.Methodology. According to the data of studied and analyzed medical documentation (medical histories, medical service reports), characteristic features of tuberculosis course in female servicemen and female members of military families (who were treated in tuberculosis military medical organization in the period of 2012 to 2021) have been revealed. The 1st group consisted of 62 female servicemen, the 2nd – of 63 female members of military families. Mathematical and statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 22.0 application software packages.Results and Discussion. New cases of tuberculosis are detected among female military personnel every year. Statistically significant differences have been established in various age groups (p < 0.05), in groups with frequently detected disseminated tuberculosis (p < 0.05). Generalized forms of tuberculosis have been detected only in patients of the 2nd group; these patients were more often prescribed an individual course of treatment (p < 0.05). Tuberculosis pleurisy was significantly more common in 1st group (p < 0.05) due to the younger age of patients. Bacterial excretion was observed in 27.4 % of patients in 1st group and 34.9 % in 2nd group. The proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis reached 9.7 %. As appears from the above, the patients of the 2nd group had clinically more severe forms of tuberculosis and the treatment have required more diagnostic effort and resources.Conclusion. Treatment efficacy in the 1st and 2nd groups was 100 and 93.7 %, respectively. Despite the effective course of treatment, 46.7 % of female servicemen cured of tuberculosis were subject to dismissal from the Russian Armed Forces.
{"title":"Peculiarities of the course of tuberculosis in military women and women – family members of military personnel","authors":"E. Belova, V. V. Dantcev, R. Lemeshkin, R. I. Maulenov","doi":"10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-21-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25016/2541-7487-2022-0-3-21-27","url":null,"abstract":" Relevance. It is noted that incidence of tuberculosis among population and the military increased with perfect regularity during wars and social upheaval. Therefore the health care system and the medical service of the Armed Forces of Russia should be ready for new challenges.Intention. To assess the characteristics of the course of tuberculosis in female servicemen and female members of military families, the specificity in the organization of specialized medical care for them and of treatment results.Methodology. According to the data of studied and analyzed medical documentation (medical histories, medical service reports), characteristic features of tuberculosis course in female servicemen and female members of military families (who were treated in tuberculosis military medical organization in the period of 2012 to 2021) have been revealed. The 1st group consisted of 62 female servicemen, the 2nd – of 63 female members of military families. Mathematical and statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 22.0 application software packages.Results and Discussion. New cases of tuberculosis are detected among female military personnel every year. Statistically significant differences have been established in various age groups (p < 0.05), in groups with frequently detected disseminated tuberculosis (p < 0.05). Generalized forms of tuberculosis have been detected only in patients of the 2nd group; these patients were more often prescribed an individual course of treatment (p < 0.05). Tuberculosis pleurisy was significantly more common in 1st group (p < 0.05) due to the younger age of patients. Bacterial excretion was observed in 27.4 % of patients in 1st group and 34.9 % in 2nd group. The proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis reached 9.7 %. As appears from the above, the patients of the 2nd group had clinically more severe forms of tuberculosis and the treatment have required more diagnostic effort and resources.Conclusion. Treatment efficacy in the 1st and 2nd groups was 100 and 93.7 %, respectively. Despite the effective course of treatment, 46.7 % of female servicemen cured of tuberculosis were subject to dismissal from the Russian Armed Forces.","PeriodicalId":36526,"journal":{"name":"Medico-Biological and Socio-Psychological Issues of Safety in Emergency Situations","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74524053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：