This paper describes the design considerations and construction of digital wattmeter. The system describes the current drawn by the load flows through parallel-connected resistors, which turn the current into a proportional voltage. Then amplified and applied to the one input of four-quadrant multiplier. The voltage divider resistors sense voltage across the load and applied to another input of four-quadrant multiplier. The measuring ranges can easily be changed by means of selector switch. The single-ended level shift op amp stage converts the differential output of the multiplier to exactly the value of 1mV per watt. The display circuitry interprets this value and then the corresponding power can easily read out on the digital LCD display. This small device can measure power up to 3.5 kW. The whole unit is powered by regulated power supply of plusmn7.5 V. This device can also be used to measure the power of solar charge controller.
{"title":"Design Considerations and Construction of Digital Wattmeter for Measuring Solar Charge Controller","authors":"Cho Cho Than, Phyu Hnin Khaing","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.141","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design considerations and construction of digital wattmeter. The system describes the current drawn by the load flows through parallel-connected resistors, which turn the current into a proportional voltage. Then amplified and applied to the one input of four-quadrant multiplier. The voltage divider resistors sense voltage across the load and applied to another input of four-quadrant multiplier. The measuring ranges can easily be changed by means of selector switch. The single-ended level shift op amp stage converts the differential output of the multiplier to exactly the value of 1mV per watt. The display circuitry interprets this value and then the corresponding power can easily read out on the digital LCD display. This small device can measure power up to 3.5 kW. The whole unit is powered by regulated power supply of plusmn7.5 V. This device can also be used to measure the power of solar charge controller.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134472072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless multi-hop network employing the IEEE 802.11 protocol in distributed coordination function (DCF) mode are becoming increasingly popular. In that network, all nodes share wireless communication channel and node-to-node bandwidth estimation is important to node wishing to send or to receive data. Techniques for accurate bandwidth estimation are also important for routing protocol wishing to effectively make full use of bandwidth. In this paper, we present a method to dynamically estimate the node-to-node available bandwidth with neighboring nodes being taken into account. We estimate the neighbor's bandwidth according to its historical status and the amount of data that it transferred recently. In this paper, we modify the 'Hello' message inAOADV routing protocol and make it carry information of data transfer recently. We can keep the neighborpsilas bandwidth in routing table. The simulation results show that our estimation of available bandwidth is very accurate.
{"title":"Node-to-Node Available Bandwidth Estimation in Ad Hoc Networks","authors":"Hongpeng Wang, Lingfei Gao, Zhongqiu Li","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.82","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless multi-hop network employing the IEEE 802.11 protocol in distributed coordination function (DCF) mode are becoming increasingly popular. In that network, all nodes share wireless communication channel and node-to-node bandwidth estimation is important to node wishing to send or to receive data. Techniques for accurate bandwidth estimation are also important for routing protocol wishing to effectively make full use of bandwidth. In this paper, we present a method to dynamically estimate the node-to-node available bandwidth with neighboring nodes being taken into account. We estimate the neighbor's bandwidth according to its historical status and the amount of data that it transferred recently. In this paper, we modify the 'Hello' message inAOADV routing protocol and make it carry information of data transfer recently. We can keep the neighborpsilas bandwidth in routing table. The simulation results show that our estimation of available bandwidth is very accurate.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131695287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present our proposed method of incorporating metadata of Web pages to identify equivalent URLs in addition to the standard URL normalization methodology. The metadata considered are the page size and the body text of Web pages. These metadata can be obtained during HTML parsing in the process of crawling without incurring unnecessary cost. Our experiment shows an accuracy of up to 95.38% in identifying equivalent URLs by using the body text of Web pages.
{"title":"Enhancing URL Normalization Using Metadata of Web Pages","authors":"Lay-Ki Soon, Sang Ho Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.112","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present our proposed method of incorporating metadata of Web pages to identify equivalent URLs in addition to the standard URL normalization methodology. The metadata considered are the page size and the body text of Web pages. These metadata can be obtained during HTML parsing in the process of crawling without incurring unnecessary cost. Our experiment shows an accuracy of up to 95.38% in identifying equivalent URLs by using the body text of Web pages.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115338904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present a novel no-reference (NR) model for perceptual video quality assessment, which can make quality prediction for high definition (HD) videos. This model is based on an artificial neural network (ANN) implemented by the back-propagation algorithm (BP), named as BP-ANN. Six video features are extracted from temporal and spatial domains as the input vectors. Subjective assessments are carried out by using double stimulus continuous quality scales (DSCQS) as the mean opinion scores (MOS), which are desired responses to the output layer. We establish a sample database to store all the videos, feature vectors and its corresponding MOS. Due to the combination of chrome features incorporated with a good use of regions of interest (ROI), our model can achieve good performance for the video quality prediction.
{"title":"No-Reference Perceptual Video Quality Measurement for High Definition Videos Based on an Artificial Neural Network","authors":"Xiuhua Jiang, Fang Meng, Jiangbo Xu, Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.158","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a novel no-reference (NR) model for perceptual video quality assessment, which can make quality prediction for high definition (HD) videos. This model is based on an artificial neural network (ANN) implemented by the back-propagation algorithm (BP), named as BP-ANN. Six video features are extracted from temporal and spatial domains as the input vectors. Subjective assessments are carried out by using double stimulus continuous quality scales (DSCQS) as the mean opinion scores (MOS), which are desired responses to the output layer. We establish a sample database to store all the videos, feature vectors and its corresponding MOS. Due to the combination of chrome features incorporated with a good use of regions of interest (ROI), our model can achieve good performance for the video quality prediction.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115500769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benefiting from self-orthogonal backward output signal and other excellent numerical characters, the lattice filters offer many promising advantages over transversal filters for realization on modern digital processor, but how long and how much reflectance coefficients are difficult to be selected in engineering application as the veiled transfer functions of the structure. Introducing gradient algorithm in each lattice section, we advanced a new project which the optimal parameters of sections and step could be acquired through the outcome of the astringency and stability of reflectance in simulation. In the meantime through constituting a joint processing filter with the lattice filter and LMS filter, we had verified the method reasonably and effectively. The result shows that the project can ensure to contrive lattice filter in the hardware aspect conveniently, and it need less hardware resources comparing with original algorithm.
{"title":"Analysis and Application of Gradient Adaptive Lattice Filtering Algorithm","authors":"Haibing Qi","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.72","url":null,"abstract":"Benefiting from self-orthogonal backward output signal and other excellent numerical characters, the lattice filters offer many promising advantages over transversal filters for realization on modern digital processor, but how long and how much reflectance coefficients are difficult to be selected in engineering application as the veiled transfer functions of the structure. Introducing gradient algorithm in each lattice section, we advanced a new project which the optimal parameters of sections and step could be acquired through the outcome of the astringency and stability of reflectance in simulation. In the meantime through constituting a joint processing filter with the lattice filter and LMS filter, we had verified the method reasonably and effectively. The result shows that the project can ensure to contrive lattice filter in the hardware aspect conveniently, and it need less hardware resources comparing with original algorithm.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115831902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to meet the control specifications of thermal process with uncertainties, two uncertain robustness optimization methods are presented, utilizing stochastic and fuzzy theory. Fuzzy credibility robustness, based on newly developed fuzzy credibility theory, is a new concept other than probability robustness, which could provide more information. For the stochastic and fuzzy multi-objective programming problem respectively, NSGA-II algorithm combined with Monte-Carlo experiments are used to obtain the Pareto robustness solutions. Pessimistic value criterion is adopted to compare two uncertain variables. The above two methods are applied to a steam-turbine generator set control system optimization problem. Compared with those controller design methods based on nominal conditions, the results demonstrate the two new design methods have better robustness, and prove their feasibilities and advantages.
{"title":"Uncertain Robustness Optimization of Steam-Turbine Generator Set Control System","authors":"Hao Wu, Yali Xue, Tingjin Ren","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.12","url":null,"abstract":"In order to meet the control specifications of thermal process with uncertainties, two uncertain robustness optimization methods are presented, utilizing stochastic and fuzzy theory. Fuzzy credibility robustness, based on newly developed fuzzy credibility theory, is a new concept other than probability robustness, which could provide more information. For the stochastic and fuzzy multi-objective programming problem respectively, NSGA-II algorithm combined with Monte-Carlo experiments are used to obtain the Pareto robustness solutions. Pessimistic value criterion is adopted to compare two uncertain variables. The above two methods are applied to a steam-turbine generator set control system optimization problem. Compared with those controller design methods based on nominal conditions, the results demonstrate the two new design methods have better robustness, and prove their feasibilities and advantages.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123496074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cellular networks are expected to change to Multi-hop Cellular Networks (MCNs). While a mobile station and the base station have a direct link in a conventional cellular network, in MCN, mobile stations with unsatisfying path to the base station, could instead relay their data through other mobile stations with better channel conditions. This can improve coverage and capacity, and reduce the total transmission power, but its efficiency depends deeply on the relaying strategy used. This paper investigates an efficient relaying method in multihop cellular networks. In the new relay selection scheme, mobile station selects the best channel coefficient between relay station and base station in each coherence time. The performance improvement due to the proposed scheme is demonstrated through simulation results.
{"title":"On the Performance of a New Relay Selection Scheme in Multihop Cellular Networks","authors":"H. Meshgi, B. Kasiri, B. Abolhasani, M. Naderi","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.198","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular networks are expected to change to Multi-hop Cellular Networks (MCNs). While a mobile station and the base station have a direct link in a conventional cellular network, in MCN, mobile stations with unsatisfying path to the base station, could instead relay their data through other mobile stations with better channel conditions. This can improve coverage and capacity, and reduce the total transmission power, but its efficiency depends deeply on the relaying strategy used. This paper investigates an efficient relaying method in multihop cellular networks. In the new relay selection scheme, mobile station selects the best channel coefficient between relay station and base station in each coherence time. The performance improvement due to the proposed scheme is demonstrated through simulation results.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126166097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the requirement of improving the detection capability of laser detector, the pseudorandom code may be adopted as the transmitting code of a laser detector. The auto correlation and the anti-jamming characteristics of the pseudorandom code are analyzed at first. Because the emitting power of a laser is reduced greatly where the journey of the pseudorandom code is longer than one, the pseudorandom code should be modulated. On the basis of the foregoing analyses, a new method of pseudorandom code generating and modulating using complex programmable logic device is studied in this paper. The auto correlation characteristic of the modulated pseudorandom code is discussed by simulation method at last. The result shows that the pseudorandom sequence has excellent anti-jamming capability, and the modulated sequence still possesses well the auto correlation characteristic. The theoretic foundation is provided for designing and improving the detecting capability of the laser detector.
{"title":"Application of Pseudorandom Code to Laser Detector","authors":"Wei Wang, Yi-song Guo, Wei Li, Jing-sheng Wan","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.109","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the requirement of improving the detection capability of laser detector, the pseudorandom code may be adopted as the transmitting code of a laser detector. The auto correlation and the anti-jamming characteristics of the pseudorandom code are analyzed at first. Because the emitting power of a laser is reduced greatly where the journey of the pseudorandom code is longer than one, the pseudorandom code should be modulated. On the basis of the foregoing analyses, a new method of pseudorandom code generating and modulating using complex programmable logic device is studied in this paper. The auto correlation characteristic of the modulated pseudorandom code is discussed by simulation method at last. The result shows that the pseudorandom sequence has excellent anti-jamming capability, and the modulated sequence still possesses well the auto correlation characteristic. The theoretic foundation is provided for designing and improving the detecting capability of the laser detector.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128594181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Network traffic measurement is an effective tool for monitoring, performance evaluation, network troubleshooting and control. In this paper we analyze the effect of packet loss on web traffic characteristics by taking passive measurements on an operational network. We show how packet loss effect duration, size, and throughput of TCP connections. Different trends are identified in the duration and size of connections with increasing loss rates. We discuss whether the end user behavior, such as interrupting connections, be identified from these parameters. We also want to know if a TCP connection being small or large, in duration and size, is because of end userpsilas behavior. We explain the reasons for different trends that emerge with increasing loss rates. In addition we also show the effect of packet loss on throughput of TCP connections and explain when this parameter can play a more effective role. A more precise way of estimating packet loss in passive measurements has been devised, giving us a lower bound on the total packet loss estimation.
{"title":"Passive Packet Loss Detection and its Effect on Web Traffic Characteristics","authors":"Imadud Din, N. Saqib","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.78","url":null,"abstract":"Network traffic measurement is an effective tool for monitoring, performance evaluation, network troubleshooting and control. In this paper we analyze the effect of packet loss on web traffic characteristics by taking passive measurements on an operational network. We show how packet loss effect duration, size, and throughput of TCP connections. Different trends are identified in the duration and size of connections with increasing loss rates. We discuss whether the end user behavior, such as interrupting connections, be identified from these parameters. We also want to know if a TCP connection being small or large, in duration and size, is because of end userpsilas behavior. We explain the reasons for different trends that emerge with increasing loss rates. In addition we also show the effect of packet loss on throughput of TCP connections and explain when this parameter can play a more effective role. A more precise way of estimating packet loss in passive measurements has been devised, giving us a lower bound on the total packet loss estimation.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122358460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to false data injection attacks in which attackers inject false reports into the networks through compromised nodes with the goal of deceiving sinks or depleting the resources of the relaying nodes. This paper presents an adaptive false data filtering method, which is based on the commutative cipher-based probabilistic filtering scheme. A security parameter, which determines the required number of participating nodes in each report generation, is controlled by a fuzzy rule-based system with the consideration of the factors that reflect the network status. The proposed method can be more energy-efficient than the base scheme in both legitimate and false traffic. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown at the end of the paper with simulation results.
{"title":"Adaptive False Data Filtering Method for Sensor Networks Based on Fuzzy Logic and Commutative Cipher","authors":"H. Lee, S. Moon, T. Cho","doi":"10.1109/ICCEE.2008.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCEE.2008.95","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to false data injection attacks in which attackers inject false reports into the networks through compromised nodes with the goal of deceiving sinks or depleting the resources of the relaying nodes. This paper presents an adaptive false data filtering method, which is based on the commutative cipher-based probabilistic filtering scheme. A security parameter, which determines the required number of participating nodes in each report generation, is controlled by a fuzzy rule-based system with the consideration of the factors that reflect the network status. The proposed method can be more energy-efficient than the base scheme in both legitimate and false traffic. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown at the end of the paper with simulation results.","PeriodicalId":365473,"journal":{"name":"2008 International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122370814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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