Radiation-induced oxidative stress and haematopoietic genomic instability is the major concern during planned or unplanned exposure. Use of the natural phytochemicals is an emerging strategy to prevent from the harmful effects of radiation. In the current investigation, Quercetin 3-Rutinoside (Q-3-R), a polyphenolic bioflavonoid, has been evaluated against gamma radiation (2Gy) induced genotoxic damage and oxidative imbalance in mice. Mice were administered with Q-3-R (10mg/kg body weight) 1hr prior to irradiation and evaluated for its antioxidant potential. Anti-genotoxic potential was assessed in terms of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells. Findings revealed that Q-3-R had very high reducing potential, effectively scavenged 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide radicals, chelated metal ions and inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner. The glutathione (GSH) levels were found elevated (p<0.05), while reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were seen in blood and liver tissues of Q-3-R pretreated mice. Significant (p<0.01) reduction in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels and radiation induced aberrations (dicentrics, rings, fragments, end to end association, robertsonian translocation) following Q-3-R pretreatment was found in bone marrow cells. The present findings demonstrate that Q-3-R can effectively minimise radiation-induced genotoxic and oxidative damages and can be explored further to be used as a potent radioprotector in humans.
{"title":"Quercetin 3 Rutinoside Facilitates Protection Against Radiation Induced Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage A Study in C57bl 6 Mice","authors":"S. Verma, A. Dutta","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.6.16219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.6.16219","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation-induced oxidative stress and haematopoietic genomic instability is the major concern during planned or unplanned exposure. Use of the natural phytochemicals is an emerging strategy to prevent from the harmful effects of radiation. In the current investigation, Quercetin 3-Rutinoside (Q-3-R), a polyphenolic bioflavonoid, has been evaluated against gamma radiation (2Gy) induced genotoxic damage and oxidative imbalance in mice. Mice were administered with Q-3-R (10mg/kg body weight) 1hr prior to irradiation and evaluated for its antioxidant potential. Anti-genotoxic potential was assessed in terms of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells. Findings revealed that Q-3-R had very high reducing potential, effectively scavenged 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide radicals, chelated metal ions and inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner. The glutathione (GSH) levels were found elevated (p<0.05), while reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were seen in blood and liver tissues of Q-3-R pretreated mice. Significant (p<0.01) reduction in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels and radiation induced aberrations (dicentrics, rings, fragments, end to end association, robertsonian translocation) following Q-3-R pretreatment was found in bone marrow cells. The present findings demonstrate that Q-3-R can effectively minimise radiation-induced genotoxic and oxidative damages and can be explored further to be used as a potent radioprotector in humans.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47899188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saurabh Verma, G. K. Keshri, M. Sharma, Asheesh Gupta
Treatment of non-healing burn injuries is a major challenge for the current scientific research. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter, which regulates redox homeostasis and cytoprotection during pathophysiological conditions. Similarly, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones, which also confer cytoprotection during the wound repair process. Notably, the role of H2S as a regulator of HSPs during burn wound healing is still elusive. The present study investigated the effects of H2S supplementation on molecular chaperones during full-thickness, third-degree burn wound healing in the experimental rats. The animals were treated with sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS) as H2S donor (5 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal) daily for 10 days prior to burn-induction and continued till the fifth-day post-wounding. Histopathological analysis (Masson’s trichrome) revealed enhanced wound healing evident by increased collagen fiber deposition, cellular proliferation and re-epithelialisation in NaHS administered group as compared to the burn control. Furthermore, immunoblot analyses demonstrated significantly increased protein expression of molecular chaperons viz. HSP90, HSP70, HSP27, and GRP78 in H2S treated group as compared to control. Therefore, the present study signifies that H2S supplementation upregulates the protein expression levels of molecular chaperones, which could facilitate the cytoprotection during the tissue repair process and accelerates the burn wound healing.
{"title":"Role of H2S Supplementation on Burn Wound Healing and Molecular Chaperones","authors":"Saurabh Verma, G. K. Keshri, M. Sharma, Asheesh Gupta","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.6.16735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.6.16735","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of non-healing burn injuries is a major challenge for the current scientific research. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter, which regulates redox homeostasis and cytoprotection during pathophysiological conditions. Similarly, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones, which also confer cytoprotection during the wound repair process. Notably, the role of H2S as a regulator of HSPs during burn wound healing is still elusive. The present study investigated the effects of H2S supplementation on molecular chaperones during full-thickness, third-degree burn wound healing in the experimental rats. The animals were treated with sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS) as H2S donor (5 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal) daily for 10 days prior to burn-induction and continued till the fifth-day post-wounding. Histopathological analysis (Masson’s trichrome) revealed enhanced wound healing evident by increased collagen fiber deposition, cellular proliferation and re-epithelialisation in NaHS administered group as compared to the burn control. Furthermore, immunoblot analyses demonstrated significantly increased protein expression of molecular chaperons viz. HSP90, HSP70, HSP27, and GRP78 in H2S treated group as compared to control. Therefore, the present study signifies that H2S supplementation upregulates the protein expression levels of molecular chaperones, which could facilitate the cytoprotection during the tissue repair process and accelerates the burn wound healing.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46843948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the initial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, the disease spreads rapidly across the whole world. It is observed that there is a rampant rise in the rate of infection in spite of best possible precautionary measures taken into consideration against Corona. As there is no scientifically validated full proofed medicine against COVID-19 till date, the only possible way is prevention against this infection by improving self-immunity, mass immunisation and controlling non-communicable diseases, if suffered from. Another possible way from the prevention from this deadly virus is development of herd immunity, but the process takes time and can be fatal for people with higher age groups and with co-morbidities. Yoga, an Indian way of mind-body purification, has been reported to improve functionality of human physiological systems and to prevent diseases. It is also observed that yoga, being a low to moderate intensity physical activity, breathing maneuvers and meditation, can also be performed by any person irrespective of age, with maximum benefit and having less stress in the vital organs during the practice. Therefore, a yoga package for improving immunity and other physical and physiological capacities and mental function to prevent Corona like disease has been formulated on the basis of knowledge from traditional yogic literature and evidence from available research publications on yoga. The yoga package might be beneficial across all age groups for improving health and wellbeing in this pandemic situation.
{"title":"Yoga Module to Improve Health and Wellbeing During COVID 19 Pandemic","authors":"K. Halder, A. Pathak, M. Saha, S. Singh, B. Kumar","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.6.16287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.6.16287","url":null,"abstract":"After the initial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, the disease spreads rapidly across the whole world. It is observed that there is a rampant rise in the rate of infection in spite of best possible precautionary measures taken into consideration against Corona. As there is no scientifically validated full proofed medicine against COVID-19 till date, the only possible way is prevention against this infection by improving self-immunity, mass immunisation and controlling non-communicable diseases, if suffered from. Another possible way from the prevention from this deadly virus is development of herd immunity, but the process takes time and can be fatal for people with higher age groups and with co-morbidities. Yoga, an Indian way of mind-body purification, has been reported to improve functionality of human physiological systems and to prevent diseases. It is also observed that yoga, being a low to moderate intensity physical activity, breathing maneuvers and meditation, can also be performed by any person irrespective of age, with maximum benefit and having less stress in the vital organs during the practice. Therefore, a yoga package for improving immunity and other physical and physiological capacities and mental function to prevent Corona like disease has been formulated on the basis of knowledge from traditional yogic literature and evidence from available research publications on yoga. The yoga package might be beneficial across all age groups for improving health and wellbeing in this pandemic situation.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67017726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seaweeds are microalgae growing in coastal regions and resistant to salinity. Seaweeds are rich resources of natural nutrients some of which cannot be obtained from terrestrial plants. Bioactive compounds of seaweeds such as sulphated polysaccharides, peptides, minerals, phlorotannins, carotenoids and sulfolipids have proven health benefits against various diseases. Traditionally, seaweeds are used as folk medicine for treating diseases like goiter, wounds, burns, rashes, inflammation, diabetes and also gaining attention of pharmaceutical industries due to their anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-angiogenesis, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and antioxidant properties. Seaweeds polysaccharides have wide applications in foods as well as in pharmaceutical industry due to their bio-chemical properties such as stabilizer, emulsifier and gelling property. In food industry, seaweed polysaccharides are used as a functional ingredient in many products such as frozen foods, ice-cream, jam, jelly, beverages etc. Several commercial food preparations from seaweeds are also available in the market such as sea salt, nori snack wasabi, pink rock salt, seaweed thins toasted coconuts, crunchy seaweed chips, raw unroasted seaweed under different brand names. The present review is a compilation of nutritional, pharmacological and food properties of seaweeds along with its potential towards development of functional foods.
{"title":"Seaweeds","authors":"A. K. Pandey, O. P. Chauhan, A. Semwal","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.5.15632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.15632","url":null,"abstract":"Seaweeds are microalgae growing in coastal regions and resistant to salinity. Seaweeds are rich resources of natural nutrients some of which cannot be obtained from terrestrial plants. Bioactive compounds of seaweeds such as sulphated polysaccharides, peptides, minerals, phlorotannins, carotenoids and sulfolipids have proven health benefits against various diseases. Traditionally, seaweeds are used as folk medicine for treating diseases like goiter, wounds, burns, rashes, inflammation, diabetes and also gaining attention of pharmaceutical industries due to their anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-angiogenesis, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and antioxidant properties. Seaweeds polysaccharides have wide applications in foods as well as in pharmaceutical industry due to their bio-chemical properties such as stabilizer, emulsifier and gelling property. In food industry, seaweed polysaccharides are used as a functional ingredient in many products such as frozen foods, ice-cream, jam, jelly, beverages etc. Several commercial food preparations from seaweeds are also available in the market such as sea salt, nori snack wasabi, pink rock salt, seaweed thins toasted coconuts, crunchy seaweed chips, raw unroasted seaweed under different brand names. The present review is a compilation of nutritional, pharmacological and food properties of seaweeds along with its potential towards development of functional foods.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67017674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonika Sharma, S. Datta, S. Chatterjee, M. G. Vairale, R. Prasad, Bidisha Das, Vanlalhmuaka .
Present work wasperformedto isolate, enrich and characterizebacteriophageusing basic laboratory set-up, and to demonstrate their lytic potential in pathogen reduction. Following standard microbiological and molecular biological procedures, we examined cultivable bacteria and bacteriophages in wastewater sample. Subsequently, from cultures of wastewater sample, we isolated and characterized bacterial isolate, which was thenusedtoenrichlytic bacteriophages, using a combination of double layer plaque-assay, isolation and genetic techniques to isolate bacteriophage against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Subsequently decontamination capability of this phage was assessed in form of spray and matrix adsorbed formulations. Storage stability of phagepreparations at different temperatures was also studied by calculating reduction in phage titer. Presentstudies demonstratelytic potential of phageas an eco-friendly alternative to conventional control approachesagainstbacterial contamination.
{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Lytic Bacteriophages from Wastewater and its Application in Pathogen Reduction","authors":"Sonika Sharma, S. Datta, S. Chatterjee, M. G. Vairale, R. Prasad, Bidisha Das, Vanlalhmuaka .","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.5.15599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.15599","url":null,"abstract":"Present work wasperformedto isolate, enrich and characterizebacteriophageusing basic laboratory set-up, and to demonstrate their lytic potential in pathogen reduction. Following standard microbiological and molecular biological procedures, we examined cultivable bacteria and bacteriophages in wastewater sample. Subsequently, from cultures of wastewater sample, we isolated and characterized bacterial isolate, which was thenusedtoenrichlytic bacteriophages, using a combination of double layer plaque-assay, isolation and genetic techniques to isolate bacteriophage against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Subsequently decontamination capability of this phage was assessed in form of spray and matrix adsorbed formulations. Storage stability of phagepreparations at different temperatures was also studied by calculating reduction in phage titer. Presentstudies demonstratelytic potential of phageas an eco-friendly alternative to conventional control approachesagainstbacterial contamination.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47727946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priyanka Batra, Monika Barkodia, Umang Ahlawat, R. Sansanwal, L. Wati
Chickpea is one of the important pulse crops among legumes due to its high protein content. During the last few decades chickpea production has declined because of various biotic and abiotic factors. To increase its production farmers are relying on the traditional methods (using chemical fertilizers) that pollute the environment. An alternative to chemical fertilizers is the eco-friendly process of endophytic inoculation. Compatible endophytic coinoculations improve plant growth as compared to single inoculation due to the synergistic performance of the constituent bacteria. In the current study, the compatibility of six bacterial inoculants (BM5 (rhizobial), BP2 and P36 (phosphate solubiliser), RE2, HE8, and ME9 (other endophytes) was tested. Among these bacterial inoculants, endophyte ME9 was found to be compatible with phosphate solubilising bacteria (P36) and rhizobial culture BM5. However, the endophytic bacteria RE2 and HE8 were found to be incompatible with phosphate solubilising bacteria and rhizobial bacteria. Further, individual inoculation, combined compatible and combined incompatible inoculants were applied to chickpea seeds in the pot house experiment. The results revealed that among all the inoculations, compatible bacterial consortia (ME9, P36 and BM5) produced highest increase in shoot (225%) and root dry weight (600 %) and grain weight (250 % ) compared to the control group. The incompatible inoculations were ineffective in improving the root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and grain weight in comparison to the respective individual inoculations.
{"title":"Effect of Compatible and Incompatible Endophytic Bacteria on Growth of Chickpea Plant","authors":"Priyanka Batra, Monika Barkodia, Umang Ahlawat, R. Sansanwal, L. Wati","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.5.15119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.15119","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea is one of the important pulse crops among legumes due to its high protein content. During the last few decades chickpea production has declined because of various biotic and abiotic factors. To increase its production farmers are relying on the traditional methods (using chemical fertilizers) that pollute the environment. An alternative to chemical fertilizers is the eco-friendly process of endophytic inoculation. Compatible endophytic coinoculations improve plant growth as compared to single inoculation due to the synergistic performance of the constituent bacteria. In the current study, the compatibility of six bacterial inoculants (BM5 (rhizobial), BP2 and P36 (phosphate solubiliser), RE2, HE8, and ME9 (other endophytes) was tested. Among these bacterial inoculants, endophyte ME9 was found to be compatible with phosphate solubilising bacteria (P36) and rhizobial culture BM5. However, the endophytic bacteria RE2 and HE8 were found to be incompatible with phosphate solubilising bacteria and rhizobial bacteria. Further, individual inoculation, combined compatible and combined incompatible inoculants were applied to chickpea seeds in the pot house experiment. The results revealed that among all the inoculations, compatible bacterial consortia (ME9, P36 and BM5) produced highest increase in shoot (225%) and root dry weight (600 %) and grain weight (250 % ) compared to the control group. The incompatible inoculations were ineffective in improving the root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and grain weight in comparison to the respective individual inoculations.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41997403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current study aims to develop and optimise the processing parameters for the preparation of imitated curd by using vegetable milk extracted from decorticated sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum). Experiments were planned to optimise curdling process for sesame milk with respect to inoculum (1-5%), lactose (1-5%), added proteins (1-3%). It was established that total solid content in a range of 9-10%, dispersion stability with 30-45% scored well (7.8±0.2) on preferential sensory test i.e. nine-point hedonic scale. Sesame milk supplemented with 5% lactose, 1% electrolyte salt mix, 1% sucrose was subjected to fermentation (10±1.0) hrs at 35±2°C) with 5% inoculum (lactic acid bacteria culture) resulted into a vegetable curd with desired consistency (855.6±47.5 g.sec), acidity (0.57±0.02% lactic acid equivalent; LAE), flavor and overall acceptability (OAA). The Solid Not Fat (SNF) content of optimised vegetable curd was found to be 22.20±0.40%, with protein, fat and ash content as 6.70±0.06%, 6.91±0.06% and 0.92±0.01% respectively. The characteristics of vegetable milk (non-dairy) and toned milk (dairy) were well comparable on various aesthetic parameters (fluidity, color, flavor and taste). Proportional characterisation of vegetable (non-dairy) curd with dairy curd relating to its nutritional profile, color analysis, textural and rheological parameters established its similarity. Such dairy analogues may be considered as substitute to various dairy products where milk-based products are scanty or non-available.
{"title":"Optimisation of Processing Parameters for the Preparation of Vegetable Curd from Decorticated Sesame Seeds (Sesamum indicum)","authors":"D. K. Yadav, V. H.C., P. E. Patki, G. Sharma","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.5.14415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.14415","url":null,"abstract":"Current study aims to develop and optimise the processing parameters for the preparation of imitated curd by using vegetable milk extracted from decorticated sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum). Experiments were planned to optimise curdling process for sesame milk with respect to inoculum (1-5%), lactose (1-5%), added proteins (1-3%). It was established that total solid content in a range of 9-10%, dispersion stability with 30-45% scored well (7.8±0.2) on preferential sensory test i.e. nine-point hedonic scale. Sesame milk supplemented with 5% lactose, 1% electrolyte salt mix, 1% sucrose was subjected to fermentation (10±1.0) hrs at 35±2°C) with 5% inoculum (lactic acid bacteria culture) resulted into a vegetable curd with desired consistency (855.6±47.5 g.sec), acidity (0.57±0.02% lactic acid equivalent; LAE), flavor and overall acceptability (OAA). The Solid Not Fat (SNF) content of optimised vegetable curd was found to be 22.20±0.40%, with protein, fat and ash content as 6.70±0.06%, 6.91±0.06% and 0.92±0.01% respectively. The characteristics of vegetable milk (non-dairy) and toned milk (dairy) were well comparable on various aesthetic parameters (fluidity, color, flavor and taste). Proportional characterisation of vegetable (non-dairy) curd with dairy curd relating to its nutritional profile, color analysis, textural and rheological parameters established its similarity. Such dairy analogues may be considered as substitute to various dairy products where milk-based products are scanty or non-available.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44145449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fruit juices contain all essential nutrients that help in maintaining the health of human beings. However, fruit juices are easily spoiled by the growth of microorganism. Hence, the current investigation has been focused to examine the preservative potential of Illicium verum against microorganisms isolated from juices. Organic and aqueous extracts of I. verum fruits were accessed for their antimicrobial efficacy and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against selected microbes. Among the different solvents, acetonic extract was observed to be the most excellent solvent extract and the least MIC was 0.39 mg/ml. Hence, acetonic extract of I. verum has a biopreservative efficacy.
{"title":"Preservative Efficacy of Illicium verum Hook in Fruit Juices","authors":"Romika Dhiman, N. Aggarwal","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.4.15142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.4.15142","url":null,"abstract":"Fruit juices contain all essential nutrients that help in maintaining the health of human beings. However, fruit juices are easily spoiled by the growth of microorganism. Hence, the current investigation has been focused to examine the preservative potential of Illicium verum against microorganisms isolated from juices. Organic and aqueous extracts of I. verum fruits were accessed for their antimicrobial efficacy and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against selected microbes. Among the different solvents, acetonic extract was observed to be the most excellent solvent extract and the least MIC was 0.39 mg/ml. Hence, acetonic extract of I. verum has a biopreservative efficacy.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46570485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hazardous chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) materials are catching attention of unscrupulous actors for creating terror and havoc. Threat perception for use of such materials by terrorists and non-state actors for malicious purposes, is not imaginative but real and imminent in today’s context. World has witnessed a number of such incidences in the recent years, e.g., Mustard gas attack against Kurdish forces in Iraq; ricin laced letters sent to US President and others senators; use of Nerve gas agents in Syria; capturing of Uranium from University of al- Mousal, Iraq by IS, etc. National assets like critical buildings where main legislative, historical building, Hospitals are some of the likely targets for CBR attacks attract quick coverage by media. Authorities related with managing and safeguarding mechanisms of the facilities to prevent such events happening also to enhance their capabilities as well as effective response. Essential CBR security should include measures to rapidly detect and effectively deter the CBR incidences their deleterious consequences. In this review, protection of the critical facilities from CBR attacks and capacity in terms of infrastructure, specialised training and mutual aid have been discussed.
{"title":"Towards Protecting Critical National Assets and Preparedness for Response to Hazardous Chemical, Biological and Radiological Attacks","authors":"R. Sharma, S. Rana, N. Gopalan","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.4.15134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.4.15134","url":null,"abstract":"Hazardous chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) materials are catching attention of unscrupulous actors for creating terror and havoc. Threat perception for use of such materials by terrorists and non-state actors for malicious purposes, is not imaginative but real and imminent in today’s context. World has witnessed a number of such incidences in the recent years, e.g., Mustard gas attack against Kurdish forces in Iraq; ricin laced letters sent to US President and others senators; use of Nerve gas agents in Syria; capturing of Uranium from University of al- Mousal, Iraq by IS, etc. National assets like critical buildings where main legislative, historical building, Hospitals are some of the likely targets for CBR attacks attract quick coverage by media. Authorities related with managing and safeguarding mechanisms of the facilities to prevent such events happening also to enhance their capabilities as well as effective response. Essential CBR security should include measures to rapidly detect and effectively deter the CBR incidences their deleterious consequences. In this review, protection of the critical facilities from CBR attacks and capacity in terms of infrastructure, specialised training and mutual aid have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49314259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brucella melitensis is the main causative agent of brucellosis in small ruminants. The diagnosis of brucellosis is mostly done by isolation of bacteria from aborted material, udder secretions or from tissues of infected animals. The presumptive diagnosis of Brucellosis is attempted by elucidating the serological responses to Brucella antigens. The present study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of rOmp28 antigen of Brucella melitensis for ovine and caprine brucellosis. A total of 163 clinical samples (n=79 samples of ovine and n=84 samples of caprine) were tested in an indirect plate-ELISA format using rOmp28 antigen. Results of rOmp28 antigen based indirect ELISA were also compared with the native antigens [cell envelope antigen (CE) and whole cell sonicated antigen (SA)] based ELISA and with conventional Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT). Recombinant Omp28 antigen showed high sensitivity and specificity i.e., 71.4%, 97.7% for ovine samples and 74%, 87.8% for caprine samples as compared with CE antigen (40%, 75%) and (44%, 67.6%) and SA antigen (37.1%, 84%) and (42%, 70.5%) for ovine and caprine samples respectively. This study demonstrated that rOmp28 can be a good candidate antigen in the serodiagnosis of ovine and caprine brucellosis in India and also further in the development of rapid field-adaptable diagnostic assay for screening of ovine and caprine brucellosis.
{"title":"Evaluation of Diagnostic Potential of Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein (rOmp28) of Brucella Melitensis for Serodiagnosis of Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis","authors":"Ashu S. Kumar, S. N. Suryawanshi, D. Thavaselvam","doi":"10.14429/dlsj.4.15103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.4.15103","url":null,"abstract":"Brucella melitensis is the main causative agent of brucellosis in small ruminants. The diagnosis of brucellosis is mostly done by isolation of bacteria from aborted material, udder secretions or from tissues of infected animals. The presumptive diagnosis of Brucellosis is attempted by elucidating the serological responses to Brucella antigens. The present study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of rOmp28 antigen of Brucella melitensis for ovine and caprine brucellosis. A total of 163 clinical samples (n=79 samples of ovine and n=84 samples of caprine) were tested in an indirect plate-ELISA format using rOmp28 antigen. Results of rOmp28 antigen based indirect ELISA were also compared with the native antigens [cell envelope antigen (CE) and whole cell sonicated antigen (SA)] based ELISA and with conventional Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT). Recombinant Omp28 antigen showed high sensitivity and specificity i.e., 71.4%, 97.7% for ovine samples and 74%, 87.8% for caprine samples as compared with CE antigen (40%, 75%) and (44%, 67.6%) and SA antigen (37.1%, 84%) and (42%, 70.5%) for ovine and caprine samples respectively. This study demonstrated that rOmp28 can be a good candidate antigen in the serodiagnosis of ovine and caprine brucellosis in India and also further in the development of rapid field-adaptable diagnostic assay for screening of ovine and caprine brucellosis.","PeriodicalId":36557,"journal":{"name":"Defence Life Science Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45374375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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