Mina Lim, Sooyeon Lim, Soohyung Park, Hong-Kyu Kim
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is an important analytical method utilized to determine not only the electronic structure of a material, but also the elemental content of the material. However, it requires a high level of expertise to interpret XPS data, and the reliability of XPS analysis depends on the competence of the expert. To overcome these challenges, this article introduces the process of developing a deep learning model that can automatically interpret XPS data without human intervention. Furthermore, by understanding how a deep learning model can quantify elemental content in a spectrum, we provide insights into XPS analysis methods and the interpretation of the spectrum itself.
{"title":"Advanced Analysis Using Deep Learning Method","authors":"Mina Lim, Sooyeon Lim, Soohyung Park, Hong-Kyu Kim","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.020","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is an important analytical method utilized to determine not only the electronic structure of a material, but also the elemental content of the material. However, it requires a high level of expertise to interpret XPS data, and the reliability of XPS analysis depends on the competence of the expert. To overcome these challenges, this article introduces the process of developing a deep learning model that can automatically interpret XPS data without human intervention. Furthermore, by understanding how a deep learning model can quantify elemental content in a spectrum, we provide insights into XPS analysis methods and the interpretation of the spectrum itself.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131338782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since its launch in December 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been revealing new, fascinating views of the universe. Originally envisioned to probe the early universe to understand the origin of the human kinds, JWST is now fulling the promise with discoveries of tens of high redshift galaxies in the early universe. This article briefly introduces the historical aspects of the development of the telescope, its characteristics and capabilities, early simulations of high redshift galaxies, and current observational results regarding high redshift galaxies and controversies surrounding them.
{"title":"James Webb Space Telescope: Early History, Telescope Characteristics, and New Discoveries on High Redshift Galaxies","authors":"M. Im","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.014","url":null,"abstract":"Since its launch in December 2021, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been revealing new, fascinating views of the universe. Originally envisioned to probe the early universe to understand the origin of the human kinds, JWST is now fulling the promise with discoveries of tens of high redshift galaxies in the early universe. This article briefly introduces the historical aspects of the development of the telescope, its characteristics and capabilities, early simulations of high redshift galaxies, and current observational results regarding high redshift galaxies and controversies surrounding them.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131084109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), equipped with the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), offers a unique opportunity to investigate interstellar ice, which is composed of mixtures of water and various volatile molecules, such as methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and others. Interstellar ice serves as a crucial reservoir for organic compounds, including prebiotic building blocks. With its advanced spectrometers, the JWST enables detailed observations, identification of molecular signatures, and a deeper understanding of the formation and diversity of interstellar ice. These investigations contribute to astrobiology research and the quest to unravel the origins of life. The JWST’s NIRSpec and MIRI provide essential capabilities for advancing astrochemistry and our comprehension of cosmic origins.
{"title":"Exploration of Interstellar Ice with JWST and the Origin of Life","authors":"Jeong-Eun Lee","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.015","url":null,"abstract":"The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), equipped with the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), offers a unique opportunity to investigate interstellar ice, which is composed of mixtures of water and various volatile molecules, such as methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and others. Interstellar ice serves as a crucial reservoir for organic compounds, including prebiotic building blocks. With its advanced spectrometers, the JWST enables detailed observations, identification of molecular signatures, and a deeper understanding of the formation and diversity of interstellar ice. These investigations contribute to astrobiology research and the quest to unravel the origins of life. The JWST’s NIRSpec and MIRI provide essential capabilities for advancing astrochemistry and our comprehension of cosmic origins.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128269459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since James Web Space Telescope (JWST)’s launch on the 25th of December 2021, new era of astronomy has begun. We can see totally different universe ever seen before. This success would not be possible without the previous Hubble Space Telescope (HST)’s early failure. JWST is considered as a successor of HST. But it is not true. One thing in common of these two telescopes is that they are in space. They have different primary mirror, orbit, observing wavelength and scientific instruments. Probably they have the same scientific goal : revealing the origin of the Universe and life. In this article I will explain differences of JWST and HST and introduce their achievements. Furthermore I will discuss whether JWST is really a successor or substitute of HST.
{"title":"HST vs. JWST","authors":"Jaeil Cho","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.016","url":null,"abstract":"Since James Web Space Telescope (JWST)’s launch on the 25th of December 2021, new era of astronomy has begun. We can see totally different universe ever seen before. This success would not be possible without the previous Hubble Space Telescope (HST)’s early failure. JWST is considered as a successor of HST. But it is not true. One thing in common of these two telescopes is that they are in space. They have different primary mirror, orbit, observing wavelength and scientific instruments. Probably they have the same scientific goal : revealing the origin of the Universe and life. In this article I will explain differences of JWST and HST and introduce their achievements. Furthermore I will discuss whether JWST is really a successor or substitute of HST.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130328375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raman spectroscopy is used in a wide range of research fields due to its non-destructive and sensitive detection properties. Because of this versatility, Raman spectroscopy is used not only in the physical field but also in battery research in the chemical field. This article briefly introduces about the Analytical Science Research Institute of LG Chem and two cases for cathode material analysis using Raman spectroscopy. Hopefully this explains how physics is used in chemical companies.
{"title":"Analytical Science Research Institute of LG Chem - Battery Material Research with Raman Spectroscopy","authors":"Jayeong Kim","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.013","url":null,"abstract":"Raman spectroscopy is used in a wide range of research fields due to its non-destructive and sensitive detection properties. Because of this versatility, Raman spectroscopy is used not only in the physical field but also in battery research in the chemical field. This article briefly introduces about the Analytical Science Research Institute of LG Chem and two cases for cathode material analysis using Raman spectroscopy. Hopefully this explains how physics is used in chemical companies.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making Contents with Science","authors":"MeeSol Yi","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133975684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical Physicist Turned Banker: A Unique Perspective on Banking","authors":"Sheen Seunghwa","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132646986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nam-Hwa Kang, Tae-Gyoung Lee, Andreas J. C. Woitzik
Interest in quantum physics among the general public has been increasing along with various practical applications such as quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum sensing, as well as their economic expansion. This close relationship with everyday life highlights the necessity for non-specialists to understand basic concepts of quantum physics, not only for physicists and related fields. Since 2000, there has been a noticeable movement in international physics education journals to include quantum physics in high school curricula, and recent papers suggest some agreement on core concepts that can be covered at the high school level across various countries. In this article, the basic concepts of quantum physics covered in high school physics education in Korea and abroad are reviewed, and suggestions are made for future topics that should be addressed in physics education research.
{"title":"School Science Education and Quantum Physics","authors":"Nam-Hwa Kang, Tae-Gyoung Lee, Andreas J. C. Woitzik","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.009","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in quantum physics among the general public has been increasing along with various practical applications such as quantum computing, quantum cryptography, and quantum sensing, as well as their economic expansion. This close relationship with everyday life highlights the necessity for non-specialists to understand basic concepts of quantum physics, not only for physicists and related fields. Since 2000, there has been a noticeable movement in international physics education journals to include quantum physics in high school curricula, and recent papers suggest some agreement on core concepts that can be covered at the high school level across various countries. In this article, the basic concepts of quantum physics covered in high school physics education in Korea and abroad are reviewed, and suggestions are made for future topics that should be addressed in physics education research.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126333734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we would like to introduce a collaborative study that was a little special among the various collaborative studies we did. It is a collaboration with history education and Korean language education majors in the viewpoint of physics education major. The comparison of the two disciplines, ‘physics’ and ‘history’, which seem a little far from natural science and do not seem to have anything in common, becomes a suitable judgment for Korean language education majors as ‘disciplinary literacy’. It is possible because we bring disciplinary literacy that contrasts with content area literary, and it is the viewpoint that reading and writing education should be approached from the standpoint of each subject because the epistemology of subject interaction, vocabulary and major knowledge, and discourse interests are different among subjects. Although physics and history represent the humanities and natural sciences, respectively. They have many similarities and differences. The main body of this article is structured around content that is easy to access even if you are not an education-related expert, excluding the excessively academic part of the three studies that compared physics and history. The first is a comparison of reading physics and historical texts. It is natural that everyone reads the writings of their major the best, but this study started with the question of whether the characteristics of that major will appear when reading the writings of other majors. Second, the descriptors of the achievement standards of the physics and history curriculum are analyzed. In Korea, the national curriculum is revised about every 7 years, and this study is conducted to find an answer to the question of whether disciplinary characteristics will appear in this curriculum document. Lastly, it is judged that these disciplinary characteristics would be well revealed in textbooks. By comparing the description methods of physics and history textbooks, we discuss on the characteristics of the studies.
{"title":"Physics and History Subject Viewed through Disciplinary Literacy","authors":"Taejin Byun, Haeyoung Lee, Jongyun Kim","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.010","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we would like to introduce a collaborative study that was a little special among the various collaborative studies we did. It is a collaboration with history education and Korean language education majors in the viewpoint of physics education major. The comparison of the two disciplines, ‘physics’ and ‘history’, which seem a little far from natural science and do not seem to have anything in common, becomes a suitable judgment for Korean language education majors as ‘disciplinary literacy’. It is possible because we bring disciplinary literacy that contrasts with content area literary, and it is the viewpoint that reading and writing education should be approached from the standpoint of each subject because the epistemology of subject interaction, vocabulary and major knowledge, and discourse interests are different among subjects. Although physics and history represent the humanities and natural sciences, respectively. They have many similarities and differences. The main body of this article is structured around content that is easy to access even if you are not an education-related expert, excluding the excessively academic part of the three studies that compared physics and history. The first is a comparison of reading physics and historical texts. It is natural that everyone reads the writings of their major the best, but this study started with the question of whether the characteristics of that major will appear when reading the writings of other majors. Second, the descriptors of the achievement standards of the physics and history curriculum are analyzed. In Korea, the national curriculum is revised about every 7 years, and this study is conducted to find an answer to the question of whether disciplinary characteristics will appear in this curriculum document. Lastly, it is judged that these disciplinary characteristics would be well revealed in textbooks. By comparing the description methods of physics and history textbooks, we discuss on the characteristics of the studies.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120873061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a plan to realize the process of a caterpillar student who has entered graduate school to become an expert like a flying butterfly in 2 or 3 years in undergraduate education. (1) Let them study while participating in practical research with research topics suitable for students’ level. (2) Let them learn from seniors and colleagues as if it were the seniors who gave the most practical lessons in the laboratory. (3) Give them time to find alternatives when they fail, and let the professor act as a coach. In at least one course, an opportunity should be provided to study empirical rather than superficial physics.
{"title":"Practically Engage Students in Research Appropriate to Their Level in Teaching Physics","authors":"Jung Bog Kim","doi":"10.3938/phit.32.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3938/phit.32.008","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a plan to realize the process of a caterpillar student who has entered graduate school to become an expert like a flying butterfly in 2 or 3 years in undergraduate education. (1) Let them study while participating in practical research with research topics suitable for students’ level. (2) Let them learn from seniors and colleagues as if it were the seniors who gave the most practical lessons in the laboratory. (3) Give them time to find alternatives when they fail, and let the professor act as a coach. In at least one course, an opportunity should be provided to study empirical rather than superficial physics.","PeriodicalId":365688,"journal":{"name":"Physics and High Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131953577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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