Cesium is one of the major radionuclides occur in nuclear power plants, and cause toxicity to the environment, especially the water body. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is found to be a potential sorbent for Cs removal, as it requires simple synthesis process with no hazardous chemical addition. The highest capacity obtained from adsorption isotherm of this RGO is 111 mg Cs/g sorbent, using Langmuir model. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was employed in order to evaluate the effects of the major cations and anions in seawater on the sorption of Cs onto the as-prepared RGO. The order of inhibiting effect of these ions obtained from FFD is as follow: Na+ > Cl- > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ > SO42-.
{"title":"Seawater Ions Effect on the Adsorption of Cesium by Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Fractional Factorial Design","authors":"G. T. Le, N. Grisdanurak, P. Sreearunothai","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208877","url":null,"abstract":"Cesium is one of the major radionuclides occur in nuclear power plants, and cause toxicity to the environment, especially the water body. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is found to be a potential sorbent for Cs removal, as it requires simple synthesis process with no hazardous chemical addition. The highest capacity obtained from adsorption isotherm of this RGO is 111 mg Cs/g sorbent, using Langmuir model. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was employed in order to evaluate the effects of the major cations and anions in seawater on the sorption of Cs onto the as-prepared RGO. The order of inhibiting effect of these ions obtained from FFD is as follow: Na+ > Cl- > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ > SO42-.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130494548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to solve the problem of how to make effective use of the natural ventilation in the shaft to assist the mechanical ventilation in the long tunnel and improve ventilation effect and save energy consumption, based on the construction ventilation of Guantian tunnel, the influence parameters of natural ventilation in shaft were carried out by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test. The research results show that the natural ventilation of shaft has a certain effect on assisting mechanical ventilation under specific temperature conditions, the effect of strengthening the ventilation by changing the diameter of the shaft is limited. Within 250m of shaft depth, the ventilation effect of the shaft increases with the increase of the shaft depth, but the ventilation effect has no significant change with the depth increasing when the shaft depth is more than 250m. The greater the temperature difference, the better the natural ventilation effect of the shaft, and the natural ventilation effect of the shaft as outlet in winter is better than that of the shaft as inlet in summer. The introduction of fresh airflow into the main tunnel is the key to the implementation of the air intake scheme of the shaft. It is reasonable to set the fan away from the 5m position of the middle line of the shaft.
{"title":"Energy Saving Construction Ventilation Effect by Using Natural Wind of Shaft in Super-Long Highway Tunnel","authors":"Heng Zhang, Jianchun Sun, Fen Xiang","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208871","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the problem of how to make effective use of the natural ventilation in the shaft to assist the mechanical ventilation in the long tunnel and improve ventilation effect and save energy consumption, based on the construction ventilation of Guantian tunnel, the influence parameters of natural ventilation in shaft were carried out by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test. The research results show that the natural ventilation of shaft has a certain effect on assisting mechanical ventilation under specific temperature conditions, the effect of strengthening the ventilation by changing the diameter of the shaft is limited. Within 250m of shaft depth, the ventilation effect of the shaft increases with the increase of the shaft depth, but the ventilation effect has no significant change with the depth increasing when the shaft depth is more than 250m. The greater the temperature difference, the better the natural ventilation effect of the shaft, and the natural ventilation effect of the shaft as outlet in winter is better than that of the shaft as inlet in summer. The introduction of fresh airflow into the main tunnel is the key to the implementation of the air intake scheme of the shaft. It is reasonable to set the fan away from the 5m position of the middle line of the shaft.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"1 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130550613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inatda Srisampao, Peerapong Pornwongthong, S. Roddecha, Wawat Rodiahwati, M. Sriariyanun
In the biofuel production, an important step in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass is the transformation of cellulose into glucose by the function of cellulase. Pretreatment is a necessary process to promote the enzyme efficiency in hydrolysis. In this study, cholinium acetate ([Ch][OAc]), an ionic liquid (IL), was applied in pretreatment of rice straw. The [Ch][OAc] pretreatment conditions were optimized to maximize sugar release of rice straw using a response surface methodology (RSM) with three testing parameters, including loading mass ratio per IL, treatment time, and reaction temperature. The hydrolysis results demonstrated that the highest production of reducing sugars at 57.12 mg/0.1 g-rice straw was achieved at 130 °C for 304.27 min and using 13.79% loading mass ratio, which was 6.57 times higher than the untreated rice straw. Moreover, impacts of [Ch][OAc] pretreatment were analyzed using FTIR. The result showed that [Ch][OAc] removed crystallinity structure of cellulose and lignin content. These results suggested the potential of [Ch][OAc] pretreatment of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.
{"title":"Pretreatment Optimization of Cholinium Ionic Liquid for Maximizing Sugar Release from Rice Straw","authors":"Inatda Srisampao, Peerapong Pornwongthong, S. Roddecha, Wawat Rodiahwati, M. Sriariyanun","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208864","url":null,"abstract":"In the biofuel production, an important step in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass is the transformation of cellulose into glucose by the function of cellulase. Pretreatment is a necessary process to promote the enzyme efficiency in hydrolysis. In this study, cholinium acetate ([Ch][OAc]), an ionic liquid (IL), was applied in pretreatment of rice straw. The [Ch][OAc] pretreatment conditions were optimized to maximize sugar release of rice straw using a response surface methodology (RSM) with three testing parameters, including loading mass ratio per IL, treatment time, and reaction temperature. The hydrolysis results demonstrated that the highest production of reducing sugars at 57.12 mg/0.1 g-rice straw was achieved at 130 °C for 304.27 min and using 13.79% loading mass ratio, which was 6.57 times higher than the untreated rice straw. Moreover, impacts of [Ch][OAc] pretreatment were analyzed using FTIR. The result showed that [Ch][OAc] removed crystallinity structure of cellulose and lignin content. These results suggested the potential of [Ch][OAc] pretreatment of biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114610626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The energy consumption is increased very rapidly day by bay. Air pollution and global greenhouse effect become very serious. Therefore, the energy saving management plays an important role today. The air conditioning is necessary for both family and industry in many places, especially in Taiwan. Usually, the total energy consumption of air conditioning is over 10% of the total energy consumption of Taiwan. To enhance the efficiency of air conditioning and to save energy is very important. In this paper, an effective energy saving design for air conditioning system is developed. Based on the experiment results, this design has better quality, higher efficiency, and lower cost. It can save about 30% of energy by using this design.
{"title":"An Effective Energy Saving Design for Air Conditioning Systems","authors":"Tung-Ming Liang, Yi-Nung Chung","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208874","url":null,"abstract":"The energy consumption is increased very rapidly day by bay. Air pollution and global greenhouse effect become very serious. Therefore, the energy saving management plays an important role today. The air conditioning is necessary for both family and industry in many places, especially in Taiwan. Usually, the total energy consumption of air conditioning is over 10% of the total energy consumption of Taiwan. To enhance the efficiency of air conditioning and to save energy is very important. In this paper, an effective energy saving design for air conditioning system is developed. Based on the experiment results, this design has better quality, higher efficiency, and lower cost. It can save about 30% of energy by using this design.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125230858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to further explore the autonomous air combat tactical movement of unmanned combat aircraft, a layered tactical action recognition scheme based on fuzzy logic reasoning and time matching principle is proposed. This scheme connects the basic action identification layer and the composite action identification layer with the basic action sequence. Firstly, the basic motion is identified by fuzzy logic inference method, and the results of the recognition are output in the form of basic action sequences. Then, the combined action identification layer is entered, and the combination action pattern and the combined action matching library are matched to determine the type of combined action. The simulation results show that the layered tactical action recognition scheme can effectively identify the autonomous air combat tactical action of unmanned combat aircraft, and have good extensibility.
{"title":"The Hierarchical Recognition Method of Autonomous Air Tactical Operation of Unmanned Combat Aircraft","authors":"Kexin Zhao, Changqiang Huang","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208878","url":null,"abstract":"In order to further explore the autonomous air combat tactical movement of unmanned combat aircraft, a layered tactical action recognition scheme based on fuzzy logic reasoning and time matching principle is proposed. This scheme connects the basic action identification layer and the composite action identification layer with the basic action sequence. Firstly, the basic motion is identified by fuzzy logic inference method, and the results of the recognition are output in the form of basic action sequences. Then, the combined action identification layer is entered, and the combination action pattern and the combined action matching library are matched to determine the type of combined action. The simulation results show that the layered tactical action recognition scheme can effectively identify the autonomous air combat tactical action of unmanned combat aircraft, and have good extensibility.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129245818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Tian, Dabiao Wang, Yue Zhang, Yuezheng Ma, Hui Li, Lin Shi
Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising technology to convert the renewable energy and waste heat into power. This paper focused on the diameter size effect on the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical pressure R134a in horizontal tubes, aiming to provide guidance for the vapor generator design in ORC systems. Heat transfer experiments were conducted in two tubes with different inner diameters of 10.3 mm and 16 mm. Results showed that the heat transfer deterioration on the top surface is more serious with larger tube diameter. Heat transfer mechanisms were studied by analysing the buoyancy effect, thermal acceleration effect and the property variation effect quantitatively with various dimensionless numbers. The tube diameter size significantly affects the buoyancy effect in horizontal tubes. A larger tube diameter leads to stronger buoyancy effect and weaker thermal acceleration effect. However, the tube diameter size seems to have no effect on the radial property variations.
{"title":"Tube Diameter Size Effects on Heat Transfer of Supercritical R134a in Horizontal Tubes for Vapor Generator Design in Organic Rankine Cycles","authors":"R. Tian, Dabiao Wang, Yue Zhang, Yuezheng Ma, Hui Li, Lin Shi","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208873","url":null,"abstract":"Supercritical Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising technology to convert the renewable energy and waste heat into power. This paper focused on the diameter size effect on the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical pressure R134a in horizontal tubes, aiming to provide guidance for the vapor generator design in ORC systems. Heat transfer experiments were conducted in two tubes with different inner diameters of 10.3 mm and 16 mm. Results showed that the heat transfer deterioration on the top surface is more serious with larger tube diameter. Heat transfer mechanisms were studied by analysing the buoyancy effect, thermal acceleration effect and the property variation effect quantitatively with various dimensionless numbers. The tube diameter size significantly affects the buoyancy effect in horizontal tubes. A larger tube diameter leads to stronger buoyancy effect and weaker thermal acceleration effect. However, the tube diameter size seems to have no effect on the radial property variations.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123976994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Tang, Bei Li, Anqi Lei, Shang-yu Huang, Wei Liu, Hanxing Liu
In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to investigate the nano-mechanics (i.e., compression and tension processes) of confined ultrathin perfluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricant films at near-contact head disk interface. During compression process, the lubricant film would transfer to the slider even before a full contact occurs; while during tension process, an apparent fluid bridge was observed. The entangled lubricant chains are gradually straightened until the film breaks apart into two parts in the nearly end of the tension process. The normal stress profiles of PFPEs were also evaluated in the two processes, in which the hypothesis phenomenon indicates the irreversible nature of the nano-mechanics of PFPEs.
{"title":"Computational Studies of Nano-Mechanics of Ultrathin Perfluoropolyether Films","authors":"D. Tang, Bei Li, Anqi Lei, Shang-yu Huang, Wei Liu, Hanxing Liu","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208879","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to investigate the nano-mechanics (i.e., compression and tension processes) of confined ultrathin perfluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricant films at near-contact head disk interface. During compression process, the lubricant film would transfer to the slider even before a full contact occurs; while during tension process, an apparent fluid bridge was observed. The entangled lubricant chains are gradually straightened until the film breaks apart into two parts in the nearly end of the tension process. The normal stress profiles of PFPEs were also evaluated in the two processes, in which the hypothesis phenomenon indicates the irreversible nature of the nano-mechanics of PFPEs.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128969468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flow patterns identification of the gas--solid flow in pneumatic transport pipelines is significant for the optimized design and operation of the pneumatic conveying system. The objective of this work is to training an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) to identify flow patterns (suspension flow, laminar flow, dense-dilute flow and dune flow) of the gas-solid flow in a horizontal pneumatic conveying pipeline. The performance of the ANN models was evaluated respectively using Hurst exponent of a ring-shaped electrode's output signal and Hurst exponent matrix of an electrostatic sensor array's output signals. Results show a higher recognition rate can be got by using the electrode sensor array, and the improvement is 5% for suspension flow, 9% for laminar flow and 13% for dense-dilute flow.
{"title":"Gas-solid Flow Patterns Identification Based on Artificial Neural Network","authors":"F. Fu, Shimin Wang","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208892","url":null,"abstract":"Flow patterns identification of the gas--solid flow in pneumatic transport pipelines is significant for the optimized design and operation of the pneumatic conveying system. The objective of this work is to training an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) to identify flow patterns (suspension flow, laminar flow, dense-dilute flow and dune flow) of the gas-solid flow in a horizontal pneumatic conveying pipeline. The performance of the ANN models was evaluated respectively using Hurst exponent of a ring-shaped electrode's output signal and Hurst exponent matrix of an electrostatic sensor array's output signals. Results show a higher recognition rate can be got by using the electrode sensor array, and the improvement is 5% for suspension flow, 9% for laminar flow and 13% for dense-dilute flow.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121603460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coal has been the predominant source of energy for electricity production in South Africa. Coal combustion process for energy recovery is regarded as heavy pollutant emissions process. Waste derived alternative fuels are widely used for substituting the thermal energy requirement from fossil fuels and reducing the pollutant emission. This paper is a comparison between the burning of coal and RDF as far as fuel qualities and emissions. The ignition of fuel derived from MSW is a promising low-cost retrofitting procedure for coal power plants, having the additional advantage of lessening the volume of waste transfer in landfills. Moreover, co-burning of RDF and coal, as opposed to changing to RDF ignition alone straight from the onset of devoted power plants, permits plant administrators to be adaptable to varieties in the RDF supply.
{"title":"Environmental Emissions Assessment of Coal and Refuse Derived Fuel Incineration Processes by Simulation","authors":"O. A. Osibote, A. Hlaba, A. Rabiu","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208870","url":null,"abstract":"Coal has been the predominant source of energy for electricity production in South Africa. Coal combustion process for energy recovery is regarded as heavy pollutant emissions process. Waste derived alternative fuels are widely used for substituting the thermal energy requirement from fossil fuels and reducing the pollutant emission. This paper is a comparison between the burning of coal and RDF as far as fuel qualities and emissions. The ignition of fuel derived from MSW is a promising low-cost retrofitting procedure for coal power plants, having the additional advantage of lessening the volume of waste transfer in landfills. Moreover, co-burning of RDF and coal, as opposed to changing to RDF ignition alone straight from the onset of devoted power plants, permits plant administrators to be adaptable to varieties in the RDF supply.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132698030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper emphasizes on the fatigue analysis of 500W turgo impulse turbine blade by using numerical approach method to improve the quality of turbine blade. Solidwork software is used for designing turbine blade and ANSYS 16.2 ncode design life software is used for simulation fatigue. Life, damage, total deformation and Von Mises stresses are analyzed to estimate the stresses occurring places where turbine blade can bear for better design results. Stainless steel, aluminium, and gray cast iron are applied for bucket materials to measure the better result for turbine. Blade design is developed by hand calculation to get better efficiency and turbine performance.
{"title":"Design Optimization and Fatigue Analysis of Turgo Impulse Blade","authors":"Jiqing Li, May Myat Moe Saw","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208895","url":null,"abstract":"This paper emphasizes on the fatigue analysis of 500W turgo impulse turbine blade by using numerical approach method to improve the quality of turbine blade. Solidwork software is used for designing turbine blade and ANSYS 16.2 ncode design life software is used for simulation fatigue. Life, damage, total deformation and Von Mises stresses are analyzed to estimate the stresses occurring places where turbine blade can bear for better design results. Stainless steel, aluminium, and gray cast iron are applied for bucket materials to measure the better result for turbine. Blade design is developed by hand calculation to get better efficiency and turbine performance.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130686430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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