Jean-Bedel Batchamen Mougnol, A. Rabiu, E. Obanijesu, Zolisa A. Sam
The ability of paraffinic solvents to reduce the asphaltene content of crude oil was investigated. The solvent n-pentane is added to the crude oil and the asphaltene precipitate was filtered and dried at room temperature. The crude and the precipitate were analysed with GC/MS to further investigate the metallic and non-metallic contents. This experimental procedure was then repeated with n-hexane and n-heptane. Another set of experiments were conducted using a mixture of two solvents at ratios 1:1 and 3:1. For single solvent extraction, the results showed that n-pentane extracted more asphaltenes content of 23.2 g/mL compared to hexane 22.3 g/mL and heptane 22.2 g/mL. Whereas for mixed solvent extraction, the best solvent was that of a hexane-pentane solution of ratio 3:1 with asphaltenes content of 25.2 g/mL followed by that of Pentane-Heptane at ratio 3:1 with asphaltenes content of 25.09 g/mL.
{"title":"Asphaltene Extraction Capacity of Different Solvents","authors":"Jean-Bedel Batchamen Mougnol, A. Rabiu, E. Obanijesu, Zolisa A. Sam","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208861","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of paraffinic solvents to reduce the asphaltene content of crude oil was investigated. The solvent n-pentane is added to the crude oil and the asphaltene precipitate was filtered and dried at room temperature. The crude and the precipitate were analysed with GC/MS to further investigate the metallic and non-metallic contents. This experimental procedure was then repeated with n-hexane and n-heptane. Another set of experiments were conducted using a mixture of two solvents at ratios 1:1 and 3:1. For single solvent extraction, the results showed that n-pentane extracted more asphaltenes content of 23.2 g/mL compared to hexane 22.3 g/mL and heptane 22.2 g/mL. Whereas for mixed solvent extraction, the best solvent was that of a hexane-pentane solution of ratio 3:1 with asphaltenes content of 25.2 g/mL followed by that of Pentane-Heptane at ratio 3:1 with asphaltenes content of 25.09 g/mL.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127049155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to solve the prominent problems of long distance ventilation, such as large energy consumption, high cost, poor ventilation effect and poor air quality in the tunnel, the mechanism of dry dust-removal technology is analyzed and the technology and performance of a dry dust-removing machine are discussed in this paper based on research of state-of-the-art dust-removal technologies at home and abroad. The results show that the dry dusting machine being installed in the dust concentration site which is around 30m away from the Tunnel face is effective to the centralized dedusting on the procedures of blasting and sprayed concrete. The results showed that Additional ventilation system can discharge the harmful gas like CO. Meanwhile, the duster, after 2-min operation, resulted in the reduction of dust concentration from 75mg/m3 to 3mg/m3. Therefore, the combination of dry duster and jet fan ventilation can succeed in solving the excessive concentration of dust under tunnel construction.
{"title":"The Application of Air Purification Technology base on Dry Dust Removal in Long Tunnel Construction","authors":"Heng Zhang, Jianchun Sun, Peng Tu","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208860","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the prominent problems of long distance ventilation, such as large energy consumption, high cost, poor ventilation effect and poor air quality in the tunnel, the mechanism of dry dust-removal technology is analyzed and the technology and performance of a dry dust-removing machine are discussed in this paper based on research of state-of-the-art dust-removal technologies at home and abroad. The results show that the dry dusting machine being installed in the dust concentration site which is around 30m away from the Tunnel face is effective to the centralized dedusting on the procedures of blasting and sprayed concrete. The results showed that Additional ventilation system can discharge the harmful gas like CO. Meanwhile, the duster, after 2-min operation, resulted in the reduction of dust concentration from 75mg/m3 to 3mg/m3. Therefore, the combination of dry duster and jet fan ventilation can succeed in solving the excessive concentration of dust under tunnel construction.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127524182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to precise control the breeding process and monitor layer healthy growth in real time online, the design scheme of the environment monitoring system based on Internet of things was put forward on the main environmental parameters that affect the growth of layer. And according to the layer environment characteristics, the appropriate sensor and sensor placement were chose. By using RS-485 bus technology the information acquisition module, display module, communication interface and control interface monitoring terminal were built up. For the wiring is not conducive to the place in the layer room, its environmental information preclude the use of wireless sensor networks. In order to obtain the perceived data more accurately and effectively, loss-based retransmission detection based on the ACK scheme is adopted in the wireless sensor network. Experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the reliability of the data.
{"title":"Research on Precise Layer Healthy Breeding Based on Internet of Things","authors":"Hongpo Wang, Hong Zhou","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208891","url":null,"abstract":"In order to precise control the breeding process and monitor layer healthy growth in real time online, the design scheme of the environment monitoring system based on Internet of things was put forward on the main environmental parameters that affect the growth of layer. And according to the layer environment characteristics, the appropriate sensor and sensor placement were chose. By using RS-485 bus technology the information acquisition module, display module, communication interface and control interface monitoring terminal were built up. For the wiring is not conducive to the place in the layer room, its environmental information preclude the use of wireless sensor networks. In order to obtain the perceived data more accurately and effectively, loss-based retransmission detection based on the ACK scheme is adopted in the wireless sensor network. Experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the reliability of the data.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125958527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ion mobility spectrometry is a well-known technique used to identify and analyze substances in environmental monitoring by their characteristic ion mobility. In typical scenarios, there is only insufficient information available regarding what substances will be present. Therefore, the IMS device has to show a great flexibility regarding what it can safely detect. In recent years, great success was achieved on the experimental side, and the selectivity, i.e. resolving power, could be increased. Similarly, there has been great progress in theoretical ion mobility calculation approaches, which can support the identification task in critical cases. One of these critical cases is the presence of analyte dimers, where an analyte leads to more than one signal in the IMS spectrum. The theoretical ion mobility calculation is typically based on calculated analyte geometries with a local energy minimum. Since there are many options for local minima in complex structures, we have analyzed here to what extent these structures lead to different calculated mobilities in the case of the environmentally important analytes toluene diisocyanate in a cluster with formic acid as well as the 2-chlorophenol dimer.
{"title":"Influence of the Calculated Analyte Structure on the Quality of Theoretical ion Mobility Calculations","authors":"F. Gunzer","doi":"10.1145/3208854.3208865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3208854.3208865","url":null,"abstract":"Ion mobility spectrometry is a well-known technique used to identify and analyze substances in environmental monitoring by their characteristic ion mobility. In typical scenarios, there is only insufficient information available regarding what substances will be present. Therefore, the IMS device has to show a great flexibility regarding what it can safely detect. In recent years, great success was achieved on the experimental side, and the selectivity, i.e. resolving power, could be increased. Similarly, there has been great progress in theoretical ion mobility calculation approaches, which can support the identification task in critical cases. One of these critical cases is the presence of analyte dimers, where an analyte leads to more than one signal in the IMS spectrum. The theoretical ion mobility calculation is typically based on calculated analyte geometries with a local energy minimum. Since there are many options for local minima in complex structures, we have analyzed here to what extent these structures lead to different calculated mobilities in the case of the environmentally important analytes toluene diisocyanate in a cluster with formic acid as well as the 2-chlorophenol dimer.","PeriodicalId":365707,"journal":{"name":"IEEA '18","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121605809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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