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Strategic Competition, Economic Diplomacy and Trade Warfare: Re-Conceptualizing the ‘Cold War’ in the Case of Recent US-China Trade War 战略竞争、经济外交与贸易战:以近期中美贸易战为例重新定义“冷战”
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.02.06
M. Islam, Esra Eymen Cansu
The present study proposes a method of analysis which contains the factor parts of re-conceptualizing of the Cold War within the aspects of economic, political, and technological interaction between the USA and China, which scholars denote as the ‘New Cold War’ and ‘Post-Cold War’, so that it will offer a source for further studies of the subject. This study outlines the ‘new cold war’ idea associated with problems of trade disputes between China and the USA that can be analyzed in each of the identified sub-cases. What this paper has endeavored is to define a method to establish a few extents of academic scholarship that would contribute to IR theories and to the literature to obtain new knowledge on the ‘New Cold War’ in the context of the recent China-USA Trade War. Our analysis pays more attention to American actions and China's reactions in the twenty-first century and more thoroughly covers the economic, political, security, trade, investment, and technological aspects. However, by employing the mainstream international relations theories, this paper attempted at describing how these fundamental forces shape the foreign policy in current and future external relations between and within the foreign policy-making process of China and the USA.
本研究提出了一种分析方法,其中包含了在中美经济、政治和技术互动方面重新概念化冷战的因素部分,学者们将其称为“新冷战”和“后冷战”,因此它将为进一步研究这一主题提供来源。本研究概述了与中美贸易争端问题相关的“新冷战”思想,可以在每个确定的子案例中进行分析。本文所努力的是定义一种方法来建立一些程度的学术奖学金,这些学术奖学金将有助于IR理论和文献,以在最近的中美贸易战背景下获得关于“新冷战”的新知识。我们的分析更关注美国的行动和中国在21世纪的反应,更全面地涵盖了经济、政治、安全、贸易、投资和技术方面。然而,本文运用主流的国际关系理论,试图描述这些基本力量如何在当前和未来的对外关系中以及在中美外交决策过程中塑造外交政策。
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引用次数: 0
Disaster's Offspring: Catastrophe, Narrative, and Survival in Global History 灾难的后代:全球历史上的灾难、叙事和生存
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.09
Barry H. Rodrigue
Displacement drives evolution. This has led to positive results, along with negative ones. Human evolution and global civilization are outcomes of relocation. It is challenging to find optimism in adversity, but, by drawing on perspectives from macro-history, humanity can better develop ideas for adaptation in the face of crisis. Our existence depends on our ability to seek con-structive ideas for the future. The effort will necessarily be intricate and flexi-ble. It is a process of individual choices, nuanced by global networking, in an adaptive system of planetary, regional, local and individual transformation. So, in the midst of distress, we can, as thinking beings and a civilization, try to find confidence in regeneration. It will depend on self-confidence and group cooperation as well as creative vision and engagement. The alternative is grim, which argues for further efforts in this process.
位移驱动进化。这带来了积极的结果,也带来了消极的结果。人类进化和全球文明都是迁移的结果。在逆境中寻找乐观是一项挑战,但是,通过借鉴宏观历史的观点,人类可以在面对危机时更好地发展适应的想法。我们的存在取决于我们为未来寻求建设性想法的能力。这种努力必然是复杂而灵活的。这是一个个人选择的过程,在一个行星、区域、地方和个人转型的适应系统中,通过全球网络进行细致入微。所以,在痛苦之中,我们,作为有思想的生物和文明,可以试着在重生中找到信心。它将取决于自信和团队合作,以及创造性的愿景和参与。另一种选择是严峻的,它要求在这一进程中进一步努力。
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引用次数: 1
Analyzing the Global Problems of the Twenty-First Century. A Review and Forecast Based on the Report to the Club of Rome ‘Come On!’ 分析21世纪的全球问题。对罗马俱乐部“加油!”报告的回顾与展望”
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.02.10
A. Grinin, L. Grinin
In the last third of the twentieth century, global problems came to the fore. Many of these problems remain relevant today and have become even more alarming. This is especially true with respect to the climate change. The twentyfirst century is called the ‘century of globalization’ since from the very beginning it turned a period of turbulent, violent and unexpected events. In most societies and in the World System in general, the extensive new political, economic, ideological and other processes have already manifested themselves. The world is on the eve of serious transformations since globalization makes change the priorities, forcing to reconsider approaches to many problems and their solutions. In this context, it is crucial to understand and evaluate the course of human development. The present article provides a brief overview and analysis of the report of the Club of Rome ‘Come On!’ The Club has long been known as one of the centers focusing on the research of global problems of the humankind and their reports give impetus to the discussion of developmental strategies of societies. The report has been written by the current presidents on the occasion of the Club's anniversary and it has undoubtedly become one of the key events in the work of the Club. In the report, the authors seek to show the threats that have emerged by the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century and the ways to solve problems common to all humankind. This article analyzes the main problems, postulates, forecasts and proposals of the report, and presents the authors' ideas concerning the most important points of global development and future processes. We also argue that the twenty-first century is characterized not only by the global problems inherited from the previous century, but also by its peculiar emerging global challenges that used to be of local or country-scale. In other words, globalization transforms local and regional problems into the global ones.
在二十世纪的最后三分之一,全球性问题浮出水面。其中许多问题今天仍然存在,而且变得更加令人担忧。在气候变化问题上尤其如此。21世纪被称为“全球化的世纪”,因为从一开始,它就变成了一个动荡、暴力和突发事件的时期。在大多数社会和整个世界体系中,广泛的新的政治、经济、意识形态和其他进程已经表现出来。世界正处于重大变革的前夜,因为全球化使改变成为优先事项,迫使我们重新考虑处理许多问题及其解决办法的方法。在这种情况下,理解和评价人类发展的进程是至关重要的。本文对罗马俱乐部的报告《加油!》进行了简要的概述和分析。该俱乐部长期以来一直被认为是研究人类全球性问题的中心之一,其报告推动了对社会发展战略的讨论。这份报告是由现任主席在俱乐部成立周年之际撰写的,它无疑已成为俱乐部工作中的重要事件之一。在报告中,作者试图说明到二十一世纪第二个十年结束时出现的威胁以及解决全人类共同问题的方法。本文分析了报告的主要问题、假设、预测和建议,并就全球发展的关键点和未来进程提出了自己的看法。我们还认为,21世纪的特点不仅是继承自上个世纪的全球性问题,而且是出现的独特的全球性挑战,这些挑战过去是地方性或国家性的。换句话说,全球化将地方性和区域性问题转化为全球性问题。
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引用次数: 1
From Covid-19 to Zero-Gravity: Complex Crises and Production Revolutions 从Covid-19到零重力:复杂危机和生产革命
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.07
Marc Widdowson
Historically, pandemics have occurred in the context of complex crises involving other human and natural disasters, including war, rebellion, flooding, and economic collapse This is because they all derive from increases in population and world connectedness, which produce epidemiological vulnerability, domestic conflict, hegemonic challenge, risky economic behaviour, and environmental over-exploitation Such complex crises are learning experiences for humanity and, as people solve the attendant problems, they culminate in breakthroughs in social and material technologies that are sufficiently large and abrupt to be perceived as shifts of historical era COVID-19 is no exception, occurring amidst growing geopolitical, financial and cultural stresses, and points to what is likely to be a deepening crisis over the coming years As before, it should generate an unmistakable advance in social institutions and human capacities, which can be identified with Leonid Grinin's forecasted Florescence of the Information-Scientific production principle c 2030-2040 Besides presenting this verbal argument, the paper includes some mathematical explorations to verify the logical consistency of the concepts and their proposed relationships [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Globalization Studies is the property of Uchitel Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
从历史上看,大流行病是在涉及其他人类和自然灾害的复杂危机的背景下发生的,包括战争、叛乱、洪水和经济崩溃,这是因为它们都源于人口和世界联系的增加,这产生了流行病的脆弱性、国内冲突、霸权挑战、危险的经济行为和环境的过度开发。随着人们解决随之而来的问题,社会和物质技术取得了巨大而突然的突破,这些突破足以被视为历史时代的转变。2019冠状病毒病也不例外,它发生在地缘政治、金融和文化压力日益增加的背景下,并指出未来几年危机可能会加深。这可以与列昂尼德·格里宁预测的信息科学生产原理的繁荣期c 2030-2040相一致,除了提出这个口头论点,【摘要】《全球化研究期刊》版权归Uchitel出版社所有,未经版权所有人书面许可,不得将其内容复制、通过电子邮件发送到多个网站或发布到某个listserv。本摘要可能被删节,不保证副本的准确性,用户应参考材料的原始出版版本(版权适用于所有摘要)
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引用次数: 1
The Outbreak of Sars-Cov-2 (COVID-19): Impact on International Tourism 新冠肺炎疫情对国际旅游业的影响
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.08
Sunil Kakkar
Covid-19 is an infectious disease and it is spreading at uncontrollable pace worldwide The global economy is affected by the outbreak of the pandemic as the world is on halt to safeguard the humanity From the start of pandemic from Wuhan, China, Covid-19 has travelled a lot across all the international borders which forced the governments to shut down the countries for weeks Along with other sectors, tourism appeared one of the highly affected sectors during Covid-19 as all the domestic borders within countries and internationals borders are sealed to secure human lives This has posed an unimaginable threat to the tourist industry worldwide which may remain for months or years under the fear of the disease Airline, railways, and hotels are the most affected and there is a huge loss of revenues in the sector It is also expected that millions of people will lose their jobs worldwide during this time This poses a threat for the world's economies This paper studies and highlights the impact of coronavirus (Covid-19) on travel and tourism and also suggests some recovery measures [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Globalization Studies is the property of Uchitel Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
Covid-19是一种传染病,它正在以无法控制的速度在全球范围内传播,全球经济受到疫情爆发的影响,因为世界正在停止保护人类。从中国武汉开始,Covid-19已经在所有国际边界上传播了很多,迫使政府关闭了几个星期。在Covid-19期间,旅游业似乎是受影响最严重的行业之一,因为各国国内和国际边界都被封锁,以确保人类生命安全。这对全球旅游业构成了难以想象的威胁,在对疾病的恐惧下,旅游业可能会持续数月或数年。和酒店是受影响最严重的有一个巨大的收入损失,在该领域还预计,全球数以百万计的人们将会失去他们的工作在这段时间这对世界经济构成威胁的影响研究和评述了冠状病毒(Covid-19)旅行和旅游,也表明一些复苏措施[从作家文摘]版权的全球化的研究是出版社"的性质和它的内容可能不是未经版权所有者的明确书面许可,复制或通过电子邮件发送到多个网站或发布到listserv。但是,用户可以打印,下载或通过电子邮件发送文章供个人使用。本摘要可能被删节,不保证副本的准确性。用户应参考原始发布的完整摘要(版权适用于所有摘要)。
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引用次数: 4
Comprehending the Complexity of a Country 理解一个国家的复杂性
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.02.03
Hans Kuijper
A country is a demarcated piece of land and its organized people. Differently put, a country is a tripartite system consisting of three basic, interrelated elements: its territory, its people and the organization of its people. Countries can thus be represented (modeled) by a triangle, the sides of which are variable in length. Since each and every country has a history, the triangle has to be changed into a tetrahedron. This article intends to elaborate on these abstract concepts. The subject is of utmost importance because foreign policy is the policy related to a foreign country. If a minister of foreign affairs pursues the wrong policy towards a certain country because he is ill-advised, the consequences may be disastrous.
国家是一块划定的土地和有组织的人民。换句话说,一个国家是一个由三个基本的、相互关联的因素组成的三方系统:它的领土、它的人民和它的人民的组织。因此,各国可以用三角形来表示(建模),三角形的边长是可变的。因为每个国家都有自己的历史,所以三角形必须变成四面体。本文拟对这些抽象概念进行阐述。这门课非常重要,因为外交政策是与外国有关的政策。如果外交部长因为不明智而对某个国家采取错误的政策,后果可能是灾难性的。
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引用次数: 0
Development of the Institution of the First Ladyship in Africa 非洲第一夫人制度的发展
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.03
L. Prokopenko
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引用次数: 1
Entanglements of Catching-Up: Rethinking ‘Industrial Revolution’ from a Global Perspective 追赶的纠葛:从全球视角重新思考“工业革命”
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.05
Andrea Komlosy
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引用次数: 0
Contemporary Islamic Political Idea: The Clash of Reformist Spirit and Extremist-Radical Mentality 当代伊斯兰政治理念:改良精神与极端激进心态的冲突
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.04
Al-Janabi Maythem
The main task of the present study is to reveal the nature of the intellectual and methodological transformation of contemporary Islamic political ideas and also to link them to the issues of globalization. The author discloses the nature of the interdependence between globalization and the phenomenon of modern Islamism. Moreover, he puts into the spotlight the continuing conflict between two main movements, namely the reformist and the conservative ones. The present article unveils the nature of the situation when the conservative and traditional tendencies with their various extremist and primitive forms are exposed. This, in turn, indicates the future of Islamic political thought and raises many fundamental questions related to the perspective of rational alternatives instead of the future of ‘political Islam.’ The dramatic reversal in the course of unfolding of the Islamic idea and its transition from the state of the reformist idea to the most primitive forms indicates the nature of the historic crisis of Islamic political idea. It also reflects the tragedy of the reformist idea. In this case, we find an intellectual and ideological reflection of the nature of the Islamic world's historical and cultural path. We also pinpoint the attempts to break out of the dominance of the major paradigms of the religious-political stage towards modernity. In all the experi-ences of the nations, the fate of religious reform was not easy. Furthermore, it usually goes through violent and bloody stages. However, it denies the religious idea itself, which necessarily leads to its replacement by rational philosophical alternatives. Here lies the problematic future for the Islamic world. thought and of the evolution of its significant schools shows that it reflects the essence of significant shifts in the history of state and culture. A researcher may trace major trends and conceptual paradigms, key ‘founding stages’ of the formation of a state, Weltanschauung, and political system, the essential binary aspects such as religion and politics, that were explicitly reflected in religion, power, and society ( i.e ., the political system), and many other phenomena.
本研究的主要任务是揭示当代伊斯兰政治思想的思想和方法转变的本质,并将它们与全球化问题联系起来。作者揭示了全球化与现代伊斯兰主义现象之间相互依存的本质。此外,他还将两大主要运动——改革派和保守派——之间持续不断的冲突置于聚光灯下。本文揭示了以各种极端和原始形式暴露出来的保守和传统倾向的形势性质。反过来,这表明了伊斯兰政治思想的未来,并提出了许多与理性选择的观点有关的基本问题,而不是“政治伊斯兰”的未来。伊斯兰思想发展过程中的戏剧性逆转及其从改良主义思想状态到最原始形式的转变表明了伊斯兰政治思想历史危机的本质。这也反映了改良主义思想的悲剧性。在这种情况下,我们发现了伊斯兰世界历史和文化道路本质的思想和意识形态反映。我们还指出了打破宗教-政治阶段主要范式的主导地位,走向现代性的尝试。在各国的历练中,宗教改革的命运并不容易。此外,它通常会经历暴力和血腥的阶段。然而,它否认宗教观念本身,这必然导致它被理性的哲学选择所取代。这就是伊斯兰世界充满问题的未来。其思想及其重要流派的演变表明,它的本质反映了历史上国家和文化的重大转变。研究人员可以追溯主要趋势和概念范式,国家形成的关键“创始阶段”,世界观和政治制度,基本的二元方面,如宗教和政治,明确反映在宗教,权力和社会(即政治制度)中,以及许多其他现象。
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引用次数: 0
International Financial Centers as Channels for Foreign Investment Inflow to European Cities 国际金融中心作为外国投资流入欧洲城市的渠道
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.30884/jogs/2021.01.06
A. Bulatov, A. Habarta, E. Sergeev
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Globalization Studies
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