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CFD Analysis of Marine Propeller Configurations in Cavitating Conditions 空化条件下船舶螺旋桨构型CFD分析
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.19
Ante Sikirica, Ivana Lučin, Zoran Čarija, Bože Lučin
Diversely performing propellers as a consequence of design variability are nowadays a commonplace. Fundamental geometric particularities, including size, stipulate performance characteristics, which are usually the only required parameters when deciding on a propeller for specific purpose. With the main focus on the performance, accompanying phenomena, e.g. cavitation, tend to be overlooked. In this paper, propeller configurations in cavitating flow are investigated, with emphasis on real-world performance differences caused by cavitation. Recommended CFD approach is presented with respect to configuration specifics. Available experimental data is used as a baseline for a single propeller, which is then analysed in ducted and tandem configurations with resulting cavitation extents and shape evaluated in the context of current designs.
作为设计可变性的结果,不同性能的螺旋桨现在是司空见惯的。基本的几何特性,包括尺寸,规定了性能特性,这通常是决定特定用途的螺旋桨时唯一需要的参数。由于主要关注的是性能,伴随的现象,如空化,往往被忽视。本文研究了螺旋桨在空化流中的配置,重点研究了空化引起的实际性能差异。针对配置细节提出了推荐的CFD方法。现有的实验数据被用作单个螺旋桨的基线,然后在导管和串列配置中进行分析,并在当前设计的背景下评估产生的空化程度和形状。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Battery- And Diesel Engine-Driven Ro-Ro Passenger Vessel 电池驱动和柴油机驱动滚装客船的寿命周期比较评估
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.26
M. Perčić, I. Ančić, N. Vladimir, Lidija Runko Luttenberger
Emissions produced by the fuel combustion in marine engines are one of major causes of the marine environment pollution and have negative impact on both human health and the environment. That impact is more pronounced for vessels which mostly operate near ports and inhabited areas, such as ro-ro passenger ships. In order to evaluate the environmental impact of a ship, a life cycle assessment of a ro-ro passenger vessel operating in the Adriatic Sea has been performed. Two different power system designs were investigated, i.e. lithium-ion battery-driven vessel and diesel engine-driven vessel. The analyses were performed by means of general LCA software GREET 2018, where the life cycle for both power system designs is divided in two stages: constitutive parts of the first stage are processes from life cycle of fuel without its use in vessel, while vessel operation represents the second stage. The analysis showed that diesel engine-driven vessel emits 79.740 kg CO2-eq/nm, versus battery-driven vessel with 27.471 kg CO2-eq/nm.
船舶发动机燃料燃烧产生的排放物是造成海洋环境污染的主要原因之一,对人类健康和环境都有负面影响。对于那些主要在港口和居民区附近作业的船只,如滚装客船,这种影响更为明显。为了评估船舶对环境的影响,对在亚得里亚海运营的滚装客船进行了生命周期评估。研究了两种不同的动力系统设计,即锂离子电池驱动船舶和柴油机驱动船舶。分析是通过通用LCA软件GREET 2018进行的,其中两种电力系统设计的生命周期分为两个阶段:第一阶段的组成部分是燃料在船舶中不使用的生命周期过程,而船舶运行代表第二阶段。分析表明,柴油驱动的船舶排放79.740 kg co2当量/nm,而电池驱动的船舶排放27.471 kg co2当量/nm。
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引用次数: 2
Modern Equipment for Waste Management on Cruise Ships 邮轮废物处理的现代设备
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.11.
Alex Vilotijević, T. Matulja, M. Hadjina, D. Bolf
A larger cruise ship with more capacity enables the ship-owner to gain more profits while at the same time lowering the cost to the client. Cruise ships today have a capacity of about 5,000 passengers, and there are projects in development of cruise ships that will accommodate up to 10,000 passengers. Since such ships have to function as an independent and ecologically sustainable unit during navigation, there is a problem of waste management. This paper presents the methods and procedures for the disposal of liquid and solid waste on cruise ships in accordance with the applicable regulations. Furthermore, proposals for improving and adapting the MARPOL convention to the above trends are presented
一艘容量更大的游轮可以使船东获得更多的利润,同时降低客户的成本。如今,游轮的载客量约为5000人,目前正在开发的游轮项目将容纳多达1万名乘客。由于这些船舶在航行过程中必须作为一个独立的、生态可持续的单位运行,因此存在废物管理问题。本文介绍了根据适用法规在游轮上处理液体和固体废物的方法和程序。此外,还提出了改进和调整MARPOL公约以适应上述趋势的建议
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of Generic IGBEM for Lifting Hydrofoils 升力型水翼通用IGBEM分析
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.15
A. Grm
Today the most crucial aspect in the preliminary vessel design stage is to make it as green/blue as possible. One of the exciting goals is the minimisation of vessel resistance. The use of hydrofoils to reduce the vessel draught and consequently, reduction in the vessel resistance is today one of the hottest design topics, especially for catamaran passenger vessels. In the present work, we discuss the issues related to the implementation of Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) Boundary Element Method (BEM) for the calculation of the hydrodynamic properties of lifting hydrofoils. The use of IGBEM allows numerical calculation of foil hydrodynamic properties without the traditional step of mesh generation using the CAD geometry directly. The analysis relies on the NURBS basis function with the generic Galerkin approach allowing identical solutions procedures for 2D or 3D problems. Method accuracy and computational times for a different number of Degrees of Freedom (DOF) in 2D are investigated.
今天,在船舶初步设计阶段最关键的方面是使其尽可能的绿色/蓝色。其中一个令人兴奋的目标是最小化血管阻力。使用水翼来减少船舶吃水,从而减少船舶阻力是当今最热门的设计主题之一,特别是对于双体客船。在本工作中,我们讨论了应用等几何分析(IGA)边界元法(BEM)计算升力型水翼水动力特性的相关问题。使用IGBEM可以在没有直接使用CAD几何图形生成网格的传统步骤的情况下进行翼型水动力性能的数值计算。分析依赖于NURBS基函数和通用Galerkin方法,允许2D或3D问题的相同解决程序。研究了二维空间中不同自由度下的方法精度和计算时间。
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引用次数: 0
The Smart City Concept for Sustainable Development of a Tourist Destination 旅游目的地可持续发展的智慧城市理念
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.58.07
Marinela Krsinić Nižić, K. Vodeb, Zvonimira Šverko Grdić
Purpose – At a time of exceptionally fast technological advancement, smart cities have become necessary for the better management of existing resources in a tourist destination. The aim of this paper is to investigate if the smart city concept has been recognized in micro destinations in the Kvarner region for the purpose of sustainability and raising residents’ quality of life. Design/Methodology – The research has been conducted in the Kvarner tourist destination in December 2019. Citizens were asked their opinions within the scope of the following narrow tourist destinations – Lovran, Opatija and Rijeka. The questionnaire used closed-ended questions. This short research focuses on public perception regarding the smart city concept. Findings – The results show that 67% of the people living in tourist destinations are not familiar with the smart city concept. Most, however, state that its implementation would improve the touristic development of the destinations. The development of smart destinations leaves plenty of room for each community undertaking that step to define the shape and functionality of its environment while respecting the community’s historical, cultural-artistic and social heritage. Originality of the research – There are many papers dealing with the topic of smart cities, but it is rare for authors to explore the transformation of traditional tourist destinations into contemporary sustainable communities. The obtained results can be used to inform policy making towards becoming more proactive, smart and sustainable.
目的-在技术进步异常迅速的时代,智能城市对于更好地管理旅游目的地的现有资源已成为必要。本文的目的是调查智慧城市概念是否已经在Kvarner地区的微型目的地得到认可,以实现可持续性和提高居民的生活质量。设计/方法-该研究于2019年12月在Kvarner旅游目的地进行。市民被问及对以下几个旅游目的地的意见:洛夫兰、奥帕蒂亚和里耶卡。问卷采用封闭式问题。这个简短的研究聚焦于公众对智慧城市概念的看法。调查结果-结果显示,67%居住在旅游目的地的人不熟悉智慧城市的概念。然而,大多数人表示,它的实施将改善目的地的旅游发展。智能目的地的发展为每个社区留下了足够的空间,在尊重社区历史、文化艺术和社会遗产的同时,确定其环境的形状和功能。研究的原创性-有许多论文涉及智慧城市的主题,但很少有作者探讨传统旅游目的地向当代可持续社区的转变。获得的结果可用于为政策制定提供信息,使其变得更加主动、智能和可持续。
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引用次数: 3
Statistical Methods in Theory of Technical Systems 技术系统理论中的统计方法
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.28
J. Bonato, Biserka Draščić Ban, A. Kraš
Today’s society is served by modern technology, accompanied by effects of insecurity and uncertainty, which are important and inevitable. Engineering analysis must include methods of assessing these impacts on the design, implementation and operation of technical systems. Mathematical statistics and probability theory provide the mathematical basis for modeling unreliability and analysis as well as their impact on already built technical systems. The aim of the paper is to introduce quantitative methods that enable systematic development of planned and constructed criteria, problem modeling and evaluation of economically technical optimum.
现代技术为当今社会服务,同时也伴随着不安全和不确定性的影响,这是重要的和不可避免的。工程分析必须包括评估这些对技术系统的设计、实施和运行的影响的方法。数理统计和概率论为不可靠性建模和分析及其对已建成技术系统的影响提供了数学基础。本文的目的是介绍定量方法,以便系统地制定计划和构建的标准、问题建模和经济技术最优评价。
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引用次数: 1
Green Maritime Transport as a Part of Global Green Intermodal Chains 绿色海运:全球绿色多式联运链的一部分
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.01
Marko Golnar, B. Beškovnik
Environmental pollution is increasingly becoming a major global problem. Consequently, companies and policy makers are facing mounting pressure to reduce their impacts of logistics activities and make transport greener. The challenge to reduce the carbon intensity of maritime transport is even more important when we take into equation the fact that carries about 90% of the world trade. While car industry has already taken actions to greener cars, maritime industry is subject to fewer regulations and slower progress. This article overviews upcoming trends of green intermodal chains, initiatives in green maritime transport and how noteworthy is share of their impact in the transport chain as a whole. Speed reduction is one of most important measures which can be implemented right away with win-win impacting on environment and fuel cost. The study analysis environmental impacts of different services to eastern Adriatic ports, with special emphasis of slow steaming impacts on pollution level. The paper exposes that direct lines with bigger ships cause lower emissions of CO2, NOx and SOx and that with decisions of slow steaming the pollution level decreases significantly.
环境污染日益成为一个重大的全球性问题。因此,公司和政策制定者正面临着越来越大的压力,以减少他们的物流活动的影响,使运输更环保。当我们考虑到全球90%的贸易都由海运运输时,降低海运碳强度的挑战就更加重要了。虽然汽车行业已经采取了环保汽车的行动,但海运业受到的监管较少,进展较慢。本文概述了绿色多式联运链的未来趋势,绿色海上运输的举措以及它们在整个运输链中的影响份额。降低车速是最重要的措施之一,可以立即实施,对环境和燃料成本产生双赢的影响。研究分析了不同航线对亚得里亚海东部港口的环境影响,特别强调了慢速航行对污染水平的影响。研究表明,船舶较大的直航航线的CO2、NOx和SOx排放量较低,选择慢速航行的直航航线污染水平显著降低。
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引用次数: 3
Comparison of Domestic and Foreign Skippers / Yachtmasters at Work in the Republic of Croatia 在克罗地亚共和国工作的国内外船长/游艇船长比较
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.58.08
Lovro Iussich, Đani Mohović
Being one of the leading countries in the nautical tourism sector, and considering its fast growth on yearly basis, responding to the industry demands represents a major challenge for the Republic of Croatia. One of the requirements is the need for high quality workforce, which is the main topic of this article. It elaborates the issues of domestic and foreign skippers and yacht masters working in Croatia, their comparison in view of maritime safety, service quality, as well as laws and regulations that they are required to satisfy in order to receive a work permit in Croatia, considering the lack of work force on the market in the mentioned sector.
作为航海旅游部门的主要国家之一,考虑到其每年的快速增长,应对行业需求是克罗地亚共和国面临的一项重大挑战。其中一个需求是对高质量劳动力的需求,这也是本文的主要主题。它阐述了在克罗地亚工作的国内外船长和游艇船长的问题,他们在海上安全、服务质量方面的比较,以及考虑到上述部门市场上缺乏劳动力,他们为在克罗地亚获得工作许可证而必须满足的法律和条例。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation Challenges for Marine Strategy Framework Directive in the Republic of Croatia 克罗地亚共和国海洋战略框架指令的执行挑战
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.06
Lidija Runko Luttenberger, M. Slišković
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive adopted in 2008 aims to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) of the EU’s marine waters by 2020 and to protect the resource base upon which marinerelated economic and social activities depend. To that end each Member State is required to develop its Marine Strategy, keep it up-to-date and have it reviewed every 6 years. The Republic of Croatia has by mid-2019 not adopted its national strategic document. The paper analyses the chronology, content of EU official country reports on marine environment, possible obstacles in adoption procedure and presents proposal for more efficient approach to protecting the Adriatic Sea. Marine spatial planning is also considered key instrument for managing the conflicts resulting from the increasing utilization and industrialization of the world’s seas and oceans. The process of national marine policy adoption should be made more clear and transparent to general public which is at the same time the public concerned, and to expert community. Strategic vision can only be built on knowledge, education and awareness of wider public.
2008年通过的《海洋战略框架指令》旨在到2020年实现欧盟水域的良好环境状态,并保护与海洋有关的经济和社会活动所依赖的资源基础。为此目的,每个会员国都必须制定其海洋战略,使其保持最新状态,并每6年进行一次审查。截至2019年年中,克罗地亚共和国尚未通过其国家战略文件。本文分析了欧盟官方国家海洋环境报告的年代、内容、通过程序中可能存在的障碍,并提出了更有效地保护亚得里亚海的建议。海洋空间规划也被认为是管理因世界海洋的日益利用和工业化而产生的冲突的关键工具。国家海洋政策的通过过程应更加明确和透明,对公众,同时也对有关公众和专家社区。战略愿景只能建立在广大公众的知识、教育和意识之上。
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引用次数: 2
Study of Tube And Tank Specimens Repaired Using a Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy 用碳纤维增强环氧树脂修补管道和水箱试样的研究
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.18048/2020.00.21
D. Frank, A. Milat, Miloš Balunović, Darko Burlović
Merchant and passenger ships operate in harsh environments where they constantly suffer from corrosion and crack problems. The traditional cutting and welding of the steel parts most often requires redirection of a vessel to a shipyard what results in substantial vessel out-of-service time. In such situations, a ship operator seeks an efficient and fast repair solution to minimise ship delays. Following advancements in research and application of composite materials, an opportunity to implement composite patches made of carbon fibres and epoxy resin has emerged in the shipping industry as one of the cost and time efficient repair solutions. Although, the resin hardens and bonds the fibres strongly to the damaged surface, classification societies still consider this repair as a temporary solution and accept it conditionally, meaning with the frequent obligatory inspections. This is because there hasn’t been enough practical evidence yet to recognise the composite patching as the permanent repair solution. In order to further investigate the efficiency of the composite patching, this paper presents the finite element (FE) strength investigation of 17 patches applied to tube and tank specimens under water pressure. The future work will consider a validation of the obtained FE results by means of pressure testing during the course of the qualification process.
商船和客船在恶劣的环境中运行,经常遭受腐蚀和裂缝问题。传统的切割和焊接钢部件通常需要将船舶重新定向到造船厂,这导致大量船舶停用时间。在这种情况下,船舶运营商寻求有效和快速的维修解决方案,以尽量减少船舶延误。随着复合材料的研究和应用的进步,碳纤维和环氧树脂制成的复合贴片作为一种成本和时间效率高的修复解决方案出现在航运业中。尽管树脂硬化并将纤维牢固地粘合在受损表面,船级社仍然认为这种修复是一种临时解决方案,并有条件地接受它,这意味着要经常进行强制性检查。这是因为目前还没有足够的实际证据证明复合贴片是永久修复的解决方案。为了进一步研究复合补片的有效性,本文对17个补片在水压作用下的管道和水箱试件进行了有限元强度分析。未来的工作将考虑在鉴定过程中通过压力试验对获得的有限元结果进行验证。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science
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