Due to the awareness of the ever growing importance of sustainability for achieving a better future, the concept of sustainable development has been cited in most strategic documents at the international, national, regional, and local level. However, the very implementation of sustainable development often faces obstacles that slow down the entire process of introduction, implementation and control of sustainable development. Therefore this paper has the aim to analyze strategic development documents developed at all levels of local self-government units on the island of Krk in order to link all the strategic goals and to unite all the strategic objectives of sustainable development. The authors have applied the inductive method and the method of analysis and synthesis to connect all strategic documents of the seven units of local self-government and have proposed a complete integrated sustainable development for the area of the island of Krk. This paper is meant to contribute to the finding of an integrated model of sustainable development. This example can also be useful for other cities and municipalities both in the Republic of Croatia and outside its borders, demonstrating that it is possible to work with the aim to improve the quality of living for present as well as for future generations of both residents and visitors.
{"title":"Integrated sustainable development on a local level – the Island of Krk as an example","authors":"Marinela Krstinić Nižić, Nikolina Fugošić","doi":"10.18048/2019.56.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2019.56.06","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the awareness of the ever growing importance of sustainability for achieving a better future, the concept of sustainable development has been cited in most strategic documents at the international, national, regional, and local level. However, the very implementation of sustainable development often faces obstacles that slow down the entire process of introduction, implementation and control of sustainable development. Therefore this paper has the aim to analyze strategic development documents developed at all levels of local self-government units on the island of Krk in order to link all the strategic goals and to unite all the strategic objectives of sustainable development. The authors have applied the inductive method and the method of analysis and synthesis to connect all strategic documents of the seven units of local self-government and have proposed a complete integrated sustainable development for the area of the island of Krk. This paper is meant to contribute to the finding of an integrated model of sustainable development. This example can also be useful for other cities and municipalities both in the Republic of Croatia and outside its borders, demonstrating that it is possible to work with the aim to improve the quality of living for present as well as for future generations of both residents and visitors.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121455878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A crisis event is out of the incidence that is stressful to many people. Stressor as an objective event causes stress in an individual however the level of stress is differently experienced. The affected individuals feel that they cannot fight a crisis event with common mechanisms of dealing. Leadership styles of managers in a large degree determine the proactivity of employees in the crisis events. There can be differentiated transactional, transformational and transcendental leadership. Historically, transactional leadership had been dominated over the years on board. Nowadays, there are more accents on transformational, or even transcendental leadership. Thus, different types of check-lists are introduced to increase situational awareness amongst employees especially in emergency situations. There are also different training and drills scenarios that cover different types of crisis events where employee affected learn how to react well trained and routinely. Familiarization with the anticipated situation, and “know what to do” in the real one, decreases the level of stress among individuals, and helps to react much calmer and focused. In this paper it was analyzed what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situation. In addition, individual reaction depends on the hierarchy’s structure aboard; concretely leadership styles determine the proactivity of employees, which can be crucial in emergency situations. Research should be continued in the more practical examples from different types of vessels (eg through polls among seamen who are experienced in various emergencies) where it would be possible to find what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situations, and what kind of leadership is preferred by crewmembers, traditional or neoteric ones?
{"title":"Leadership styles determine proactivity of employees - A vessel’s exampl","authors":"Ivo Polić","doi":"10.18048/2019.56.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2019.56.03","url":null,"abstract":"A crisis event is out of the incidence that is stressful to many people. Stressor as an objective event causes stress in an individual however the level of stress is differently experienced. The affected individuals feel that they cannot fight a crisis event with common mechanisms of dealing. Leadership styles of managers in a large degree determine the proactivity of employees in the crisis events. There can be differentiated transactional, transformational and transcendental leadership. Historically, transactional leadership had been dominated over the years on board. Nowadays, there are more accents on transformational, or even transcendental leadership. Thus, different types of check-lists are introduced to increase situational awareness amongst employees especially in emergency situations. There are also different training and drills scenarios that cover different types of crisis events where employee affected learn how to react well trained and routinely. Familiarization with the anticipated situation, and “know what to do” in the real one, decreases the level of stress among individuals, and helps to react much calmer and focused. In this paper it was analyzed what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situation. In addition, individual reaction depends on the hierarchy’s structure aboard; concretely leadership styles determine the proactivity of employees, which can be crucial in emergency situations. Research should be continued in the more practical examples from different types of vessels (eg through polls among seamen who are experienced in various emergencies) where it would be possible to find what is increasing individual resources to deal with stressful situations, and what kind of leadership is preferred by crewmembers, traditional or neoteric ones?","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115983409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of pressure reduction valves from a marine steam power plant that operates on conventional LNG carriers. The analysis refers to six condensate and superheated steam pressure reduction valves. Based on the exploitation data, the calculation involves the energy/exergy flow streams as well as the exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of each pressure reduction valve. The analysis also included the influence of changes in the ambient temperature on the efficiency and destruction of each valve. Total energy and exergy fluid flow streams through each valve showed the same trends. The superheated steam pressure reduction valves showed a lower average exergy destruction rate and higher average exergy efficiency compared with the water/condensate ones. Increase in the ambient temperature resulted in a continuous increase in the exergy destruction rate and a continuous decrease in exergy efficiency in all the observed pressure reduction valves. Pressure reduction valves of high exergy destruction rate and low exergy efficiency are notably influenced by changes in the ambient temperature.
{"title":"Thermodynamic analysis of marine steam power plant pressure reduction valves","authors":"V. Mrzljak, N. Anđelić, I. Poljak, Josip Orović","doi":"10.18048/2019.56.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2019.56.01","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of pressure reduction valves from a marine steam power plant that operates on conventional LNG carriers. The analysis refers to six condensate and superheated steam pressure reduction valves. Based on the exploitation data, the calculation involves the energy/exergy flow streams as well as the exergy efficiency and exergy destruction of each pressure reduction valve. The analysis also included the influence of changes in the ambient temperature on the efficiency and destruction of each valve. Total energy and exergy fluid flow streams through each valve showed the same trends. The superheated steam pressure reduction valves showed a lower average exergy destruction rate and higher average exergy efficiency compared with the water/condensate ones. Increase in the ambient temperature resulted in a continuous increase in the exergy destruction rate and a continuous decrease in exergy efficiency in all the observed pressure reduction valves. Pressure reduction valves of high exergy destruction rate and low exergy efficiency are notably influenced by changes in the ambient temperature.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120831859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
By applying the research method of comparative analysis, this paper compares provisions of the Ordinance on Safety of Maritime Transport in Internal Waters and Territorial Sea of the Republic of Croatia and on the Manner and Conditions of Vessel Traffic Management and Information, inclusive of Collision Avoidance Rules given in its second part, with Collision Avoidance Rules 1996. The authors critically discuss the disparities between the Rules and the Ordinance. Most of the recent rules represent essential elements of navigational safety and any discrepancies in that area are unacceptable. The consistency in prescribing all issues in the area of avoidance of collision at sea is seen in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs), as the basic and comprehensive rules for avoiding collision at sea. COLREGs are an example of a thorough analysis of all rules and generally of all subjects the rules apply to. The aim of this comparative analysis is a thorough examination of inconsistencies and disparities of specific articles, i.e. the omission of essential and important parts. The evaluation and awareness of the need to observe international rules and to incorporate them into existing legal and legislative acts of the Republic of Croatia without any discrepancies are the foundation and essence of law.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Collision Avoidance Rules of 1996 and 2013","authors":"Ivica Martinić, Danijel Pušić","doi":"10.18048/01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/01","url":null,"abstract":"By applying the research method of comparative analysis, this paper compares provisions of the Ordinance on Safety of Maritime Transport in Internal Waters and Territorial Sea of the Republic of Croatia and on the Manner and Conditions of Vessel Traffic Management and Information, inclusive of Collision Avoidance Rules given in its second part, with Collision Avoidance Rules 1996. The authors critically discuss the disparities between the Rules and the Ordinance. Most of the recent rules represent essential elements of navigational safety and any discrepancies in that area are unacceptable. The consistency in prescribing all issues in the area of avoidance of collision at sea is seen in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREGs), as the basic and comprehensive rules for avoiding collision at sea. COLREGs are an example of a thorough analysis of all rules and generally of all subjects the rules apply to. The aim of this comparative analysis is a thorough examination of inconsistencies and disparities of specific articles, i.e. the omission of essential and important parts. The evaluation and awareness of the need to observe international rules and to incorporate them into existing legal and legislative acts of the Republic of Croatia without any discrepancies are the foundation and essence of law.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132279281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Middle East main container ports are developing rapidly with a lot of investments. This is due to their geographical location in the main East-West trade route. Accordingly, it is important to assess their relative technical efficiency to make them visible and stand out in such a development. This research will assess the relative technical efficiency based on the infrastructure of the main container ports in the Middle East by the aid of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for the year 2017. This will be performed by using the DEA four models based on the input oriented mode CCR model, BCC model, Supper efficiency and the Slack variable analyses. Results of the research highlight that nearly 80% of the studied ports are, with an increasing return to scale approach to the study ports, suffering from a surplus in their infrastructure that should be considered in future investments.
{"title":"Assessing the Middle East Top Container Ports Relative Technical Efficiency","authors":"Ahmed A. Shaheen, M. A. Elkalla","doi":"10.18048/2019.56.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2019.56.04","url":null,"abstract":"Middle East main container ports are developing rapidly with a lot of investments. This is due to their geographical location in the main East-West trade route. Accordingly, it is important to assess their relative technical efficiency to make them visible and stand out in such a development. This research will assess the relative technical efficiency based on the infrastructure of the main container ports in the Middle East by the aid of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for the year 2017. This will be performed by using the DEA four models based on the input oriented mode CCR model, BCC model, Supper efficiency and the Slack variable analyses. Results of the research highlight that nearly 80% of the studied ports are, with an increasing return to scale approach to the study ports, suffering from a surplus in their infrastructure that should be considered in future investments.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134003516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annotation: speech held on 9th May 2019 at the 24th annual CESMA Assembly
注释:2019年5月9日在第24届CESMA年度大会上的演讲
{"title":"History of „Association of Captains of the North Adriatic – Queen of the Sea“","authors":"Juraj Karninčić","doi":"10.18048/2019.56.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2019.56.08","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation: speech held on 9th May 2019 at the 24th annual CESMA Assembly","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134166787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to outline a segment of lex sportiva that is grounded in the idiosyncrasies of the internal rules of the hearing procedure in sports sailing whereby the fundamental principles and concepts of sports law as well as the bodies involved in the process of forming sports law are being analysed. For this purpose, the general notion of sailing, its theoretical systematization and the basic features of its sports variant will be presented, in the context of which the organization, rules and regulations will be considered i.e. basic documents including the fundamental legal principles of sports law represented in the relevant sport, all of which for the purpose of re-establishing the sports law, its concept and nature i.e. its potentially interdisciplinary character. To this extent, the re-establishment of sports law and its specific features will be highlighted particularly through appropriate examples of court and arbitration practices as well as the specific rules of sports sailing, part of which are also the rules on the hearing procedure which will be roughly presented and thereby their compliance with the fundamental principles of sports law will be accordingly analysed.
{"title":"Idiosyncrasies of Sports Law in Sailing Regattas","authors":"M. Pajković","doi":"10.18048/2018.00.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2018.00.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to outline a segment of lex sportiva that is grounded in the idiosyncrasies of the internal rules of the hearing procedure in sports sailing whereby the fundamental principles and concepts of sports law as well as the bodies involved in the process of forming sports law are being analysed. For this purpose, the general notion of sailing, its theoretical systematization and the basic features of its sports variant will be presented, in the context of which the organization, rules and regulations will be considered i.e. basic documents including the fundamental legal principles of sports law represented in the relevant sport, all of which for the purpose of re-establishing the sports law, its concept and nature i.e. its potentially interdisciplinary character. To this extent, the re-establishment of sports law and its specific features will be highlighted particularly through appropriate examples of court and arbitration practices as well as the specific rules of sports sailing, part of which are also the rules on the hearing procedure which will be roughly presented and thereby their compliance with the fundamental principles of sports law will be accordingly analysed.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127805617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The crisis that has arisen due to significant waves of immigrants leaving African and Asian countries towards Europe during the last decade has had a great impact on maritime sector. The usual immigrant routes include the sea passages in the Mediterranean Sea using unsafe and often overcrowded vessels during which human lives are at high risk. Very often different merchant ships are engaged in rescue operations of immigrants in danger. New regulations and measures helping to tackle with challenges posed to seafarers and coastal states are actively being developed and improved. However, these situations pose a great challenge for the crew of merchant ships and cause many problems regarding their own safety and security. This paper presents the legal framework in force and guidelines for seafarers on the issue, it presents the responsibilities of the crew engaged in rescue operations and most frequent dangers that masters and crew have to overcome. Furthermore, a set of recommendations to improve the procedures in the rescue of immigrants have been provided.
{"title":"Search and Rescue Operations of Immigrants at Sea: Challenges for the Crew of Merchant Ships","authors":"Lovro Iussich, Lovro Maglić","doi":"10.18048/2018.00.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2018.00.03","url":null,"abstract":"The crisis that has arisen due to significant waves of immigrants leaving African and Asian countries towards Europe during the last decade has had a great impact on maritime sector. The usual immigrant routes include the sea passages in the Mediterranean Sea using unsafe and often overcrowded vessels during which human lives are at high risk. Very often different merchant ships are engaged in rescue operations of immigrants in danger. New regulations and measures helping to tackle with challenges posed to seafarers and coastal states are actively being developed and improved. However, these situations pose a great challenge for the crew of merchant ships and cause many problems regarding their own safety and security. This paper presents the legal framework in force and guidelines for seafarers on the issue, it presents the responsibilities of the crew engaged in rescue operations and most frequent dangers that masters and crew have to overcome. Furthermore, a set of recommendations to improve the procedures in the rescue of immigrants have been provided.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123488665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (hereinafter: COLREGs) should apply to all vessels. The term vessel is explained in Rule No. 3, defined as water craft, including non-displacement craft, wing-in-ground craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water. Regulations do not make any difference between large ships and small boats, regarding all of them as vessels. COLREGs are primarily intended for large vessels, applying also to smaller boats in an appropriate manner.
{"title":"International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) amendment proposal","authors":"D. Zorović","doi":"10.18048/2018.00.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2018.00.15","url":null,"abstract":"International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (hereinafter: COLREGs) should apply to all vessels. The term vessel is explained in Rule No. 3, defined as water craft, including non-displacement craft, wing-in-ground craft and seaplanes, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water. Regulations do not make any difference between large ships and small boats, regarding all of them as vessels. COLREGs are primarily intended for large vessels, applying also to smaller boats in an appropriate manner.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122828195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Baghdad suffers a deficiency in the application of urban transportation planning process, especially in selecting the suitable transport policies to solve transportation problems. One of the important inputs to the transportation planning process is the Origin – Destination Matrix. The O-D matrix is the travel demand between the pair of origin and destination zones and is one of the necessary goals of transportation studies. Estimation of an O-D matrix using the conventional process requires the collection of a huge amount of data. In Baghdad city, there has been no O-D matrix formulated. Accordingly, a prior O-D matrix is estimated in this study. The present research methodology is based on the estimated O-D matrix for Baghdad city in 1987 (prior matrix) and then updated to 2014 using the collected traffic count data as the basis for travel forecasting. The results of this study provide a guide to the local transportation agencies to select the right transport policies, maximize their revenue and better allocate their resources.
{"title":"An Origin-Destination Matrix Estimate for Baghdad City Based on GIS","authors":"N. Alkawaaz, N. Asmael","doi":"10.18048/2018.00.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18048/2018.00.02","url":null,"abstract":"Baghdad suffers a deficiency in the application of urban transportation planning process, especially in selecting the suitable transport policies to solve transportation problems. One of the important inputs to the transportation planning process is the Origin – Destination Matrix. The O-D matrix is the travel demand between the pair of origin and destination zones and is one of the necessary goals of transportation studies. Estimation of an O-D matrix using the conventional process requires the collection of a huge amount of data. In Baghdad city, there has been no O-D matrix formulated. Accordingly, a prior O-D matrix is estimated in this study. The present research methodology is based on the estimated O-D matrix for Baghdad city in 1987 (prior matrix) and then updated to 2014 using the collected traffic count data as the basis for travel forecasting. The results of this study provide a guide to the local transportation agencies to select the right transport policies, maximize their revenue and better allocate their resources.","PeriodicalId":366194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126296712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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