{"title":"In Memory Of Professor Dr. Andreas Weiglein, Department of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy Medical University of Graz, Austria","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/ygyk1562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/ygyk1562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44552541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silicone Plastination of Brain Slices: Using Sucrose to Reduce Shrinkage","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/idzk2594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/idzk2594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46546170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Paula, M. L. Ramos, F. F. C. Silva, M. L. Santana, M. P. Figueira, L. C. Silva, V. M. D. Silva, L. Bustamante, A. F. D. Silva, E. Cerqueira, K. Dezse, W. P. Frank, C. Baptista
Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Toledo, 3035 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614. ABSTRACT: It is well known among plastinators that acetone is a good degreaser when used at room temperature. In fact, the dehydration process is achieved by using acetone at -25o C, followed by a degreasing process utilizing acetone or dichloromethane at room temperature. The objective of this study was to identify the rate and effectiveness that cold acetone (-25o C) has on fat removal during the dehydration process and to compare it with the defatting phase at room temperature. Samples were soaked in -25o C acetone for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone) and then 20o C for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone). Acetone was changed at 7-day intervals and the “Dirty”/used acetone was collected and total fat content was determined using a rotary evaporator. Over a 42-day period, the samples demonstrated a uniform pattern of decreasing fat extraction during dehydration. However, when degreasing was initiated, a sharp increase of extraction was observed which ended with a steep decline. These findings were supported by mirrored purity readings with an acetonometer. Rate of extraction was greatest during the first seven days of both phases. Dehydration yielded 17.9 % more fat extracted by weight when compared to the defatting phase. This study represents the first report that the dehydration phase may play a more important role in degreasing than the defatting phase itself. Using acetone purity readings with calculated k-values for average rate of extraction data points allows one to quantify and determine a “successful extraction of fat.”
{"title":"Fat Removal during Acetone Dehydration and Defatting Phases of Plastination","authors":"T. Paula, M. L. Ramos, F. F. C. Silva, M. L. Santana, M. P. Figueira, L. C. Silva, V. M. D. Silva, L. Bustamante, A. F. D. Silva, E. Cerqueira, K. Dezse, W. P. Frank, C. Baptista","doi":"10.56507/mbjo3692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/mbjo3692","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Toledo, 3035 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614. ABSTRACT: It is well known among plastinators that acetone is a good degreaser when used at room temperature. In fact, the dehydration process is achieved by using acetone at -25o C, followed by a degreasing process utilizing acetone or dichloromethane at room temperature. The objective of this study was to identify the rate and effectiveness that cold acetone (-25o C) has on fat removal during the dehydration process and to compare it with the defatting phase at room temperature. Samples were soaked in -25o C acetone for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone) and then 20o C for 21 days (3 baths of 100% acetone). Acetone was changed at 7-day intervals and the “Dirty”/used acetone was collected and total fat content was determined using a rotary evaporator. Over a 42-day period, the samples demonstrated a uniform pattern of decreasing fat extraction during dehydration. However, when degreasing was initiated, a sharp increase of extraction was observed which ended with a steep decline. These findings were supported by mirrored purity readings with an acetonometer. Rate of extraction was greatest during the first seven days of both phases. Dehydration yielded 17.9 % more fat extracted by weight when compared to the defatting phase. This study represents the first report that the dehydration phase may play a more important role in degreasing than the defatting phase itself. Using acetone purity readings with calculated k-values for average rate of extraction data points allows one to quantify and determine a “successful extraction of fat.”","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43518530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishment and Operationalization of a Low-Budget Plastination Laboratory in the Veterinary Morphology Section of the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais - Brazil","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/rkzu4777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/rkzu4777","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45770430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D Reconstruction of Silicone (S10 Biodur®) Plastinated Specimens Using Computed Tomography Scanning","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/hphj5119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/hphj5119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42599416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Golos, Anne-Kristin Lenz, R. M. Tortolero, S. Davis, U. Bauer
2 School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK § These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT: The lifelike preservation of three-dimensional plant material poses particular challenges, and there is still no established method for it. The aim of the present study was to develop a method to preserve the trapping leaf of a carnivorous pitcher plant in its natural shape and coloration for long-term display in a public exhibition. Fresh pitchers were subjected to one of the following preservation methods: freeze-drying, coating in PDMS, and plastination. The resulting specimens were then compared against fresh and air-dried material. Plastination was found to be superior to the other preservation methods in yielding lifelike specimens for display. In particular, plastinates retained their shape better and exhibited no obvious shrinkage. However, the process altered the coloration significantly due to the loss of chlorophyll and mobilisation of anthocyanins (red–blue pigments) during the dehydration and impregnation stages. Exposure of the finished plastinated specimen to bright light also caused it to turn brown over a period of several weeks. Further work is needed to refine the procedures for plastination of botanical material. In particular, a method should be sought for fixing chlorophyll and other plant pigments. These issues notwithstanding, plastination shows promise as a 3D preservation method to supplement herbarium material and educational displays.
{"title":"Pitcher Plant Plastination: Preserving Botanical Specimens For Education And Display","authors":"M. Golos, Anne-Kristin Lenz, R. M. Tortolero, S. Davis, U. Bauer","doi":"10.56507/dzjg5000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/dzjg5000","url":null,"abstract":"2 School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK § These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT: The lifelike preservation of three-dimensional plant material poses particular challenges, and there is still no established method for it. The aim of the present study was to develop a method to preserve the trapping leaf of a carnivorous pitcher plant in its natural shape and coloration for long-term display in a public exhibition. Fresh pitchers were subjected to one of the following preservation methods: freeze-drying, coating in PDMS, and plastination. The resulting specimens were then compared against fresh and air-dried material. Plastination was found to be superior to the other preservation methods in yielding lifelike specimens for display. In particular, plastinates retained their shape better and exhibited no obvious shrinkage. However, the process altered the coloration significantly due to the loss of chlorophyll and mobilisation of anthocyanins (red–blue pigments) during the dehydration and impregnation stages. Exposure of the finished plastinated specimen to bright light also caused it to turn brown over a period of several weeks. Further work is needed to refine the procedures for plastination of botanical material. In particular, a method should be sought for fixing chlorophyll and other plant pigments. These issues notwithstanding, plastination shows promise as a 3D preservation method to supplement herbarium material and educational displays.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42856883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Updated Protocol for the Hoffen P45 Sheet Plastination Technique","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/kdas3395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/kdas3395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42889318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Radio Frequency Identification Tagging of Biological Specimens Prior to Plastination","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/klcc5062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/klcc5062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41271155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Okoye, Chukwuemeka, Samuel, Dou Ya-Ru, Sui Hong-jin
2Dalian Hoffen BioTechnique Co. Ltd., Dalian . ABSTRACT: Plastination is a method of preserving biological tissues with a curable polymer. Sheet plastination is a method of preparing plastinated tissue slices for education and research. Both epoxy and polyester sheet plastination are currently used. P45 sheet plastination produces an intact, semi-transparent anatomical structure, with well highlighted connective tissue. There is little information in the literature regarding the physical properties of P45 plastinated specimens. Shrinkage during plastination is to be expected. In this study we present data on the shrinkage of the following P45 plastinated tissue slices: eight head and neck sections, five thoracic sections, eight abdominal sections, five pelvic sections, and three arm sections. The standard P45 protocol was followed, and a digital image of the specimens was taken before and after the plastination process. Analysis of the images showed that shrinkage varied between 6.39 (±3.9) % for cerebral cortex, and 19.86 (±1.68) % for lung tissue.
{"title":"Tissue shrinkage after P45 plastination","authors":"Okoye, Chukwuemeka, Samuel, Dou Ya-Ru, Sui Hong-jin","doi":"10.56507/dnib6497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/dnib6497","url":null,"abstract":"2Dalian Hoffen BioTechnique Co. Ltd., Dalian . ABSTRACT: Plastination is a method of preserving biological tissues with a curable polymer. Sheet plastination is a method of preparing plastinated tissue slices for education and research. Both epoxy and polyester sheet plastination are currently used. P45 sheet plastination produces an intact, semi-transparent anatomical structure, with well highlighted connective tissue. There is little information in the literature regarding the physical properties of P45 plastinated specimens. Shrinkage during plastination is to be expected. In this study we present data on the shrinkage of the following P45 plastinated tissue slices: eight head and neck sections, five thoracic sections, eight abdominal sections, five pelvic sections, and three arm sections. The standard P45 protocol was followed, and a digital image of the specimens was taken before and after the plastination process. Analysis of the images showed that shrinkage varied between 6.39 (±3.9) % for cerebral cortex, and 19.86 (±1.68) % for lung tissue.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49616669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Komarnitki, T. Skadorwa, D. Dziedzic, B. Ciszek
3. Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Bogdanowicz Memorial Hospital for Children, Niekłańska 4/24, 03-924 Warsaw, Poland. ABSTRACT: S10 silicone technique is the world’s most popular plastination technique. Specimens obtained in S10 plastination retain their shape and color while gaining the hardness and consistency of hard silicone plastic. However, the specimens remain those of tissues and organs, which means that they still constitute biological material susceptible to microbial colonization. Reports of plastinated specimens being infected with various microbial species have been published in the literature. With consideration to the above, this study consisted of swab cultures being collected from surfaces of various organ specimens which had been plastinated using the S10 technique five years earlier. Microbial assays were also performed for the surfaces of anatomical models and dissecting room surfaces frequently touched by the students. As a result, various microfloral species were detected on the dissecting room surfaces, anatomical models, and bone tissue specimens while no bacterial or fungal growth was observed on plastinated samples.
{"title":"Are anatomical specimens plastinated using cold-temperature S10 silicone technique microbiologically safe?","authors":"I. Komarnitki, T. Skadorwa, D. Dziedzic, B. Ciszek","doi":"10.56507/gymh8431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/gymh8431","url":null,"abstract":"3. Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Bogdanowicz Memorial Hospital for Children, Niekłańska 4/24, 03-924 Warsaw, Poland. ABSTRACT: S10 silicone technique is the world’s most popular plastination technique. Specimens obtained in S10 plastination retain their shape and color while gaining the hardness and consistency of hard silicone plastic. However, the specimens remain those of tissues and organs, which means that they still constitute biological material susceptible to microbial colonization. Reports of plastinated specimens being infected with various microbial species have been published in the literature. With consideration to the above, this study consisted of swab cultures being collected from surfaces of various organ specimens which had been plastinated using the S10 technique five years earlier. Microbial assays were also performed for the surfaces of anatomical models and dissecting room surfaces frequently touched by the students. As a result, various microfloral species were detected on the dissecting room surfaces, anatomical models, and bone tissue specimens while no bacterial or fungal growth was observed on plastinated samples.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45571540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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