Sheng-bo Yu, Jianfei Zhang, Yan-yan Chi, Hai-Bin Gao, Jie Liu, Hong-Jin Sui
1 Department of Anatomy, Dalian Medical University. No.9 west section, Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China ABSTRACT: Objective: To explore the procedure of preparation of a whole plastinated equine specimen to be used in veterinary education. Methods: A formalin-preserved horse was dissected to display the brain, spinal cord and the superficial muscles complete with their innervation. The specimen then underwent silicone impregnation. Results: The flexibility of the nerves and muscle tissues after plastination was maintained, and muscles as well as nerve structures were easily discriminated. The horse was positioned in a stance of a lively spring which facilitated exhibition of both dorsal and ventral structures. Conclusion: The silicone plastination technique produced a dry, odorless and durable specimen that is suitable for handling that will serve as an ideal whole equine specimen for veterinary anatomical education.
{"title":"Plastination of a Whole Horse for Veterinary Education","authors":"Sheng-bo Yu, Jianfei Zhang, Yan-yan Chi, Hai-Bin Gao, Jie Liu, Hong-Jin Sui","doi":"10.56507/ukkj2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/ukkj2013","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Anatomy, Dalian Medical University. No.9 west section, Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China ABSTRACT: Objective: To explore the procedure of preparation of a whole plastinated equine specimen to be used in veterinary education. Methods: A formalin-preserved horse was dissected to display the brain, spinal cord and the superficial muscles complete with their innervation. The specimen then underwent silicone impregnation. Results: The flexibility of the nerves and muscle tissues after plastination was maintained, and muscles as well as nerve structures were easily discriminated. The horse was positioned in a stance of a lively spring which facilitated exhibition of both dorsal and ventral structures. Conclusion: The silicone plastination technique produced a dry, odorless and durable specimen that is suitable for handling that will serve as an ideal whole equine specimen for veterinary anatomical education.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 11th International Interim Conference on Plastination Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil July 13-16, 2015","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/aeew4746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/aeew4746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT: Tissue plastination is known to be an excellent method for preserving anatomical specimens. The products are generally durable and usable for academic and clinical education. However, prolonged periods of storage in changing temperature and humidity parameters can lead to certain biological changes if not stored properly, which may include growth of opportunistic organisms. This study reports a case of what seemed like a fungal growth on silicone plastinated brain slices in our facility. In order to study the causative organisms we carried out macroscopic as well as microscopic examinations of the isolated specimens. Characteristic feathery crystallizations were largely seen on the white matter. After incubation of surface scrapings and obtaining cultures on growth media, mycological analysis identified Aspergillus fumigates as the causative organism, a common airborne fungi. Most of our collections of contaminated brain slices have been tested, cleaned and finally disinfected using two methods; one was a method published by Prinz et. al.(1999) the second was an idea to use an industrial laboratory surface disinfectant (Virkon ®) commonly used in our hospital laboratories. After further investigations and expert consultations, the crystals were confirmed to be a procedural error of adding extra crosslinker from the source plastination laboratory and not in fact a fungal contamination.
{"title":"Cleaning Excessive Cross-Linker Crystallization on S10 Plastinated Brain Slices","authors":"M. Alshehry, M. Alobaysi, N. Al-Hamdan","doi":"10.56507/sxwi2104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/sxwi2104","url":null,"abstract":"King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT: Tissue plastination is known to be an excellent method for preserving anatomical specimens. The products are generally durable and usable for academic and clinical education. However, prolonged periods of storage in changing temperature and humidity parameters can lead to certain biological changes if not stored properly, which may include growth of opportunistic organisms. This study reports a case of what seemed like a fungal growth on silicone plastinated brain slices in our facility. In order to study the causative organisms we carried out macroscopic as well as microscopic examinations of the isolated specimens. Characteristic feathery crystallizations were largely seen on the white matter. After incubation of surface scrapings and obtaining cultures on growth media, mycological analysis identified Aspergillus fumigates as the causative organism, a common airborne fungi. Most of our collections of contaminated brain slices have been tested, cleaned and finally disinfected using two methods; one was a method published by Prinz et. al.(1999) the second was an idea to use an industrial laboratory surface disinfectant (Virkon ®) commonly used in our hospital laboratories. After further investigations and expert consultations, the crystals were confirmed to be a procedural error of adding extra crosslinker from the source plastination laboratory and not in fact a fungal contamination.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives The medial wall of the orbit is reported to contain anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina, through which pass branches of the ophthalmic artery. These arteries are a potential source of bleeding during surgical procedures involving the medial orbital wall. However, recent research has revealed variable numbers of accessory ethmoidal foramina, which have also been shown to transmit vascular structures, making intraorbital surgery unpredictable and potentially hazardous. This study aims to elucidate the branching pattern of the arterial supply of the medial orbital wall, particularly in cases of multiple ethmoidal foramina. Materials and Methods Orbits were retrieved from cadavers donated for anatomical examination. Red silicone was injected into the ophthalmic artery via the internal carotid. The medial orbital wall was then dissected from contiguous craniofacial structures and embedded in Biodur® Epoxy E12 resin. Sections of 0.3 mm thickness were cut with a slow speed diamond saw, stained with Miller’s stain for elastin and then photographed with a digital camera. Three-dimensional reconstructions were carried out using WinSURF software. Results The optical qualities of the epoxy resin blocks were excellent, though this was not always the case with the individual sections. However, in the stained sections, the arteries were clearly visible. Using WinSURF, the outlines of the branches of the ethmoidal arteries and the bone lining the medial wall of the orbit were delineated. A three-dimensional model of the pattern of arterial branching was created. Conclusion Surgeons operating along the medial wall of the orbit need to be aware that multiple branches of the ethmoidal artery may be encountered. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the branching pattern give a clearer understanding of the blood supply to the medial wall. Work is on-going to map the variations in the branching of the ophthalmic artery.
{"title":"3-D Reconstruction of the Ethmoidal Arteries of the Medial Orbital Wall Using Biodur® E12","authors":"P. Adds, Ahmad Al-Rekabi","doi":"10.56507/elzv6849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/elzv6849","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The medial wall of the orbit is reported to contain anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina, through which pass branches of the ophthalmic artery. These arteries are a potential source of bleeding during surgical procedures involving the medial orbital wall. However, recent research has revealed variable numbers of accessory ethmoidal foramina, which have also been shown to transmit vascular structures, making intraorbital surgery unpredictable and potentially hazardous. This study aims to elucidate the branching pattern of the arterial supply of the medial orbital wall, particularly in cases of multiple ethmoidal foramina. Materials and Methods Orbits were retrieved from cadavers donated for anatomical examination. Red silicone was injected into the ophthalmic artery via the internal carotid. The medial orbital wall was then dissected from contiguous craniofacial structures and embedded in Biodur® Epoxy E12 resin. Sections of 0.3 mm thickness were cut with a slow speed diamond saw, stained with Miller’s stain for elastin and then photographed with a digital camera. Three-dimensional reconstructions were carried out using WinSURF software. Results The optical qualities of the epoxy resin blocks were excellent, though this was not always the case with the individual sections. However, in the stained sections, the arteries were clearly visible. Using WinSURF, the outlines of the branches of the ethmoidal arteries and the bone lining the medial wall of the orbit were delineated. A three-dimensional model of the pattern of arterial branching was created. Conclusion Surgeons operating along the medial wall of the orbit need to be aware that multiple branches of the ethmoidal artery may be encountered. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the branching pattern give a clearer understanding of the blood supply to the medial wall. Work is on-going to map the variations in the branching of the ophthalmic artery.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
St. George’s, University of London Cranmer Terrace London, UK ABSTRACT: Plastinated brain specimens are easy to handle, long-lasting, and can be used as effective tools in neuroanatomy teaching. This study compares four different staining methods to differentiate between the gray and the white matter of brain specimens. It further investigates an alternative and economical method of room temperature plastination of the stained specimens.
{"title":"Comparative Staining Methods With Room Temperature Plastination (15 - 18ºC) of Brain Specimens, Using BiodurTM S10 / S3","authors":"M. Mooncey, M. Sagoo","doi":"10.56507/tfqh5165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/tfqh5165","url":null,"abstract":"St. George’s, University of London Cranmer Terrace London, UK ABSTRACT: Plastinated brain specimens are easy to handle, long-lasting, and can be used as effective tools in neuroanatomy teaching. This study compares four different staining methods to differentiate between the gray and the white matter of brain specimens. It further investigates an alternative and economical method of room temperature plastination of the stained specimens.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The plastination process produces large quantities of waste acetone contaminated with water and lipids dissolved in the solvent. Disposal creates environmental pollution and makes the plastination process more expensive. Recycling the acetone is the ideal solution. Like most plastination facilities, our plastination unit incorporates acetone recycling equipment. We describe how we have used the excess capacity of the recycling unit to help our hospital's histopathology section to recycle their used alcohol and Pro-Par Clearant (a xylene substitute). As a result, they save some $7,000 a year (that were allocated towards purchasing new reagents), a part of which funds our plastination facility. The recycling plant is environmentally responsible and in line with the University's 'green' initiatives. As of early 2014, we have recycled approximately 6624 L (1,750 gallons) of solvent for the hospital at $US3.3/L (12.50/gal), for a total income of almost $22,000.
{"title":"Recycling Histopathology Solvents: A Funding Source for Plastination","authors":"J. Hawkes","doi":"10.56507/yinf3002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/yinf3002","url":null,"abstract":"The plastination process produces large quantities of waste acetone contaminated with water and lipids dissolved in the solvent. Disposal creates environmental pollution and makes the plastination process more expensive. Recycling the acetone is the ideal solution. Like most plastination facilities, our plastination unit incorporates acetone recycling equipment. We describe how we have used the excess capacity of the recycling unit to help our hospital's histopathology section to recycle their used alcohol and Pro-Par Clearant (a xylene substitute). As a result, they save some $7,000 a year (that were allocated towards purchasing new reagents), a part of which funds our plastination facility. The recycling plant is environmentally responsible and in line with the University's 'green' initiatives. As of early 2014, we have recycled approximately 6624 L (1,750 gallons) of solvent for the hospital at $US3.3/L (12.50/gal), for a total income of almost $22,000.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastination is a laboratory preservation technique applied to specimens so that they can be used as models in the study of anatomy, for both research and education. This technique reduces the exposure to harmful gases and toxic fumes, and provides fixed, non- perishable samples at a low cost. The technique uses simple equipment and laboratory devices that can be obtained locally with low costs. The plastination laboratory in The College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Basra, Iraq, was designed and built to use the standard S10 method of plastination. The different ways of financing the laboratory, and the technical equipment and supplies necessary for the establishment of the laboratory will be described with the initial results of this experiment.
{"title":"Establishing A Plastination Laboratory at The College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basra, Iraq","authors":"A. Sawad, F. Al-Asadi","doi":"10.56507/ymvo2353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/ymvo2353","url":null,"abstract":"Plastination is a laboratory preservation technique applied to specimens so that they can be used as models in the study of anatomy, for both research and education. This technique reduces the exposure to harmful gases and toxic fumes, and provides fixed, non- perishable samples at a low cost. The technique uses simple equipment and laboratory devices that can be obtained locally with low costs. The plastination laboratory in The College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Basra, Iraq, was designed and built to use the standard S10 method of plastination. The different ways of financing the laboratory, and the technical equipment and supplies necessary for the establishment of the laboratory will be described with the initial results of this experiment.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silicone cast in situ: A technique to demonstrate the arterial supply of the female reproductive organs of an African lion (Panthera leo)","authors":"","doi":"10.56507/llub3981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/llub3981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 17th International Conference on Plastination was held in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in the Courtyard Marriott hotel conference hall from July 14-18, 2014. More than 80 participants (representing 21 countries) attended the four-day conference. The meeting brought together a wide range of distinguished experts as well as novices with an interest in plastination. Several distinguished faculty were present. The conference followed the tradition of previous conferences. It targeted the novice learner in plastination with oral presentations on the basic principles of plastination, and more advanced topics for the “mature” plastinator. Attendees were able to view an exhibit of plastinated specimens from the laboratory of The International Morphological Centre and several specimens from Dr. Christoph von Horst’s collection. Several posters were also displayed. The program brought together a wide range of distinguished experts from over 21 countries.
第十七届国际塑化会议于2014年7月14日至18日在俄罗斯圣彼得堡万怡万豪酒店会议厅举行。80多名与会者(代表21个国家)参加了为期四天的会议。会议汇集了广泛的杰出专家以及对塑化感兴趣的新手。几位杰出的教员出席了会议。这次会议延续了以往会议的传统。它针对塑化的新手学习者，口头介绍塑化的基本原理，并为“成熟”的塑化者提供更高级的主题。与会者能够观看来自国际形态学中心实验室的塑化标本展览和Christoph von Horst博士收集的一些标本。还展示了几张海报。该项目汇集了来自21个国家的众多杰出专家。
{"title":"The 17th International Conference on Plastination Saint Petersburg, Russia July 14-18, 2014","authors":"C. Baptista","doi":"10.56507/qygr3074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/qygr3074","url":null,"abstract":"The 17th International Conference on Plastination was held in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in the Courtyard Marriott hotel conference hall from July 14-18, 2014. More than 80 participants (representing 21 countries) attended the four-day conference. The meeting brought together a wide range of distinguished experts as well as novices with an interest in plastination. Several distinguished faculty were present. The conference followed the tradition of previous conferences. It targeted the novice learner in plastination with oral presentations on the basic principles of plastination, and more advanced topics for the “mature” plastinator. Attendees were able to view an exhibit of plastinated specimens from the laboratory of The International Morphological Centre and several specimens from Dr. Christoph von Horst’s collection. Several posters were also displayed. The program brought together a wide range of distinguished experts from over 21 countries.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dehydration is a crucial step of plastination. Acetone is the dehydrant of choice for both cold and room temperature plastination. Contaminated (used) acetone produced during dehydration contains varying quantities of water, embalming chemicals and fat. When recycled with most conventional recyclers, the distilled acetone has a purity of 96-97.5%. In order to remove the remaining water and increase purity of recycled acetone to ~100%, molecular sieves were used. 22.7 Kg (fifty pounds) of 3A pore molecular sieves were used to remove the remaining 2.5-4% water from 208 l (55 gallons ) of recycled acetone (sieve to acetone ratio {454 g (1 lb): 3.78 l (1 gallon )}). Exposure of 97% acetone to molecular sieves consistently yielded 99.5-99.9% pure acetone.
脱水是塑化的关键步骤。丙酮是冷塑和室温塑化的首选脱水剂。脱水过程中产生的被污染的(用过的)丙酮含有不同数量的水、防腐化学品和脂肪。当用大多数传统回收器回收时，蒸馏的丙酮纯度为96-97.5%。为了去除残留的水，将回收丙酮的纯度提高到~100%，采用了分子筛。使用22.7 Kg(50磅)3A孔分子筛从208 l(55加仑)循环丙酮中去除剩余的2.5-4%的水(筛子与丙酮的比例为{454 g (1 lb): 3.78 l(1加仑)})。97%的丙酮暴露在分子筛上，始终得到99.5-99.9%的纯丙酮。
{"title":"Upgrading Recycled Acetone to 100% with Molecular Sieves","authors":"C. Baptista, Centro de Ciências, C. Baptista","doi":"10.56507/fdgd3310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56507/fdgd3310","url":null,"abstract":"Dehydration is a crucial step of plastination. Acetone is the dehydrant of choice for both cold and room temperature plastination. Contaminated (used) acetone produced during dehydration contains varying quantities of water, embalming chemicals and fat. When recycled with most conventional recyclers, the distilled acetone has a purity of 96-97.5%. In order to remove the remaining water and increase purity of recycled acetone to ~100%, molecular sieves were used. 22.7 Kg (fifty pounds) of 3A pore molecular sieves were used to remove the remaining 2.5-4% water from 208 l (55 gallons ) of recycled acetone (sieve to acetone ratio {454 g (1 lb): 3.78 l (1 gallon )}). Exposure of 97% acetone to molecular sieves consistently yielded 99.5-99.9% pure acetone.","PeriodicalId":36740,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plastination","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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