Vegetable cultivation plays a vital role in the agricultural economy of India. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Himachal Pradesh. Vegetable cultivation is facing challenges in profitability and economical use of resources. But a limited research has been done on resource use efficiency and elasticity of production in tomato, cauliflower and peas which are the major vegetable crops grown in Kullu. The present study was carried out in Kullu valley in the year 2019-2020 and multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select sixty farmers from different panchayats and villages on the basis of area they had under these crops. The elasticity of inputs used in the production of vegetables was worked out by fitting Cobb-Douglas production function. The sum of elasticity coefficients in case of tomato (Σbi = 1.22), cauliflower (Σbi = 1.56) and pea (Σbi = 1.31) were greater than unity which is statistically significant and shows increasing returns to scale. The ratio of marginal value product (MVP) to marginal factor cost (MFC) represented by value of r, was greater than unity in tomato for plant protection (8.38) and labour (1.05) which indicated their under-utilization. Value of plant protection (0.30) on the other hand was less than unity in cauliflower, which shows its over-utilization. In case of peas, values for fertilizer (-1.09), seed (-2.44) and FYM (0.87) showed these were over utilized. It is suggested that the farmers should be trained for judicious use of resources.
{"title":"Production function analysis for vegetable cultivation in Kullu valley of Himachal Pradesh: Application of Cobb-Douglas production model","authors":"Ishita Mandla, M. Vaidya","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v18i1.2168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v18i1.2168","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable cultivation plays a vital role in the agricultural economy of India. Agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Himachal Pradesh. Vegetable cultivation is facing challenges in profitability and economical use of resources. But a limited research has been done on resource use efficiency and elasticity of production in tomato, cauliflower and peas which are the major vegetable crops grown in Kullu. The present study was carried out in Kullu valley in the year 2019-2020 and multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select sixty farmers from different panchayats and villages on the basis of area they had under these crops. The elasticity of inputs used in the production of vegetables was worked out by fitting Cobb-Douglas production function. The sum of elasticity coefficients in case of tomato (Σbi = 1.22), cauliflower (Σbi = 1.56) and pea (Σbi = 1.31) were greater than unity which is statistically significant and shows increasing returns to scale. The ratio of marginal value product (MVP) to marginal factor cost (MFC) represented by value of r, was greater than unity in tomato for plant protection (8.38) and labour (1.05) which indicated their under-utilization. Value of plant protection (0.30) on the other hand was less than unity in cauliflower, which shows its over-utilization. In case of peas, values for fertilizer (-1.09), seed (-2.44) and FYM (0.87) showed these were over utilized. It is suggested that the farmers should be trained for judicious use of resources.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84064453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
'Yu Her Pau’ litchi (Litchi chinensis) has excellent fruit quality. However, its production on Taiwan is limited by low productivity despite being regarded as a high-quality fruit. It is known that litchi’s leaves play a critical role in floral induction under low temperature. Thus, we hypothesized that the flower intensity in spring could be manipulated by altering the leaf quality in winter, thereby increasing crop load. In this pilot study, ‘Yu Her Pau’ trees were pruned in mid-December [early pruning (EP)], one of the common cultural practices carried out by growers in the region, as control or mid-January [late pruning (LP)]. This resulted in 50% and 100% canopy foliage for EP and LP trees, respectively, between mid-December and mid-January. At the peak blooming time in March, LP trees produced significantly more female flowers than EP trees (95.8 and 56.1/panicle, respectively) with no negative effects on initial fruit set number, fruitlet abscission, or fruit quality at harvest. Our results suggest additional mature leaves present on trees in mid-December onward may benefit litchi flower formation without affecting fruit retention. Thus, preserving leaves with delayed pruning might potentially mitigate the negative impacts of warmer winters due to climate change on litchi flowering.
{"title":"Manipulating female flower intensity in ‘Yu Her Pau’ Litchi by delayed winter pruning","authors":"J. Chang, L. Tang","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v18i1.2156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v18i1.2156","url":null,"abstract":"'Yu Her Pau’ litchi (Litchi chinensis) has excellent fruit quality. However, its production on Taiwan is limited by low productivity despite being regarded as a high-quality fruit. It is known that litchi’s leaves play a critical role in floral induction under low temperature. Thus, we hypothesized that the flower intensity in spring could be manipulated by altering the leaf quality in winter, thereby increasing crop load. In this pilot study, ‘Yu Her Pau’ trees were pruned in mid-December [early pruning (EP)], one of the common cultural practices carried out by growers in the region, as control or mid-January [late pruning (LP)]. This resulted in 50% and 100% canopy foliage for EP and LP trees, respectively, between mid-December and mid-January. At the peak blooming time in March, LP trees produced significantly more female flowers than EP trees (95.8 and 56.1/panicle, respectively) with no negative effects on initial fruit set number, fruitlet abscission, or fruit quality at harvest. Our results suggest additional mature leaves present on trees in mid-December onward may benefit litchi flower formation without affecting fruit retention. Thus, preserving leaves with delayed pruning might potentially mitigate the negative impacts of warmer winters due to climate change on litchi flowering.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"83 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87652557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. C, Mishra K K, S. J, Subbanna A R N S, Hooda K S, Pal R S, Bhatt J C, P. A.
French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production is adversely affected by many pathogens and insect-pests worldwide. In the present investigation, effect of different bio-fortified composts, organic amendments, botanicals and pesticides were evaluated against diseases and insect- pests of french bean. The results showed that seed treatment and drenching with Trichoderma harzianum strain 11, followed by soil application of fortified farmyard manure resulted in the lowest root rot incidence, highest germination, vigour and yield in french bean. In another set of experiment, soil incorporation of Parthenium hysterophorus, Urtica dioicaandLantana camarawere found to reduce root rot incidence with high germination and pod yield. Among the bioproducts and botanicals tested, foliar spray of cow dung extract (50%) reduced angular leaf spot, rust and bacterial blight severity by 51, 69 and 25 per cent, respectively. Among the fungicides, foliar application of azoxystrobin 23 SC (0.1%) and difenoconazole 25EC (0.025%), also reduced angular leaf spot and rust severity by 93 and 90 per cent, respectively. Among different insect pest management strategies under field conditions, cartap hydrochloride and batain seed extract registered low sucking bug (Chauliops choprai) population. Integrated approaches including bio-agents, botanicals along with chemicals for managing these diseases and insect-pests were found appropriate options. Out of six different IPM modules evaluated, seed treatment with carbendazim along with foliar spray of 0.1% azoxystrobin and cartap hydrochloride resulted in lowest root rot, rust, angular leaf spot, bacterial blight and Chaulopsis choprai bug population in French bean.
{"title":"Management of diseases and insect-pests of French bean in Northwestern Indian Himalayan region using integrated approaches","authors":"C. C, Mishra K K, S. J, Subbanna A R N S, Hooda K S, Pal R S, Bhatt J C, P. A.","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.897","url":null,"abstract":"French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production is adversely affected by many pathogens and insect-pests worldwide. In the present investigation, effect of different bio-fortified composts, organic amendments, botanicals and pesticides were evaluated against diseases and insect- pests of french bean. The results showed that seed treatment and drenching with Trichoderma harzianum strain 11, followed by soil application of fortified farmyard manure resulted in the lowest root rot incidence, highest germination, vigour and yield in french bean. In another set of experiment, soil incorporation of Parthenium hysterophorus, Urtica dioicaandLantana camarawere found to reduce root rot incidence with high germination and pod yield. Among the bioproducts and botanicals tested, foliar spray of cow dung extract (50%) reduced angular leaf spot, rust and bacterial blight severity by 51, 69 and 25 per cent, respectively. Among the fungicides, foliar application of azoxystrobin 23 SC (0.1%) and difenoconazole 25EC (0.025%), also reduced angular leaf spot and rust severity by 93 and 90 per cent, respectively. Among different insect pest management strategies under field conditions, cartap hydrochloride and batain seed extract registered low sucking bug (Chauliops choprai) population. Integrated approaches including bio-agents, botanicals along with chemicals for managing these diseases and insect-pests were found appropriate options. Out of six different IPM modules evaluated, seed treatment with carbendazim along with foliar spray of 0.1% azoxystrobin and cartap hydrochloride resulted in lowest root rot, rust, angular leaf spot, bacterial blight and Chaulopsis choprai bug population in French bean.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90627096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthracnose is one of the most destructive fungal diseases caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides in yard long bean, leading to complete crop loss at all stages and its parts like hypocotyls, stem, peduncle, flowers, leaves and pods were seriously affected. Few bush type cowpea cultivars have been earlier identified as reliable sources of resistance while trailing types are susceptible, but high yielding. Breeding resistant varieties is suggested as the only practical strategy, especially under hot and humid condition. Fifty-yard-long bean genotypes belonging to bush, semi erect and pole types were screened against anthracnose disease through artificial inoculation under pot culture. The present study identified the resistant varieties of vegetable cowpea through artificial inoculation followed by detached leaf assay. Among the 50 varieties of yard long bean observed, Kanakamony, dual purpose yard long bean was found highly resistant with disease severity of 3.67% followed by Arimbra local.
{"title":"Screening of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt) genotypes for resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporoides","authors":"Merin ELZA GEORGE, S. S, Joy M","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1469","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose is one of the most destructive fungal diseases caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides in yard long bean, leading to complete crop loss at all stages and its parts like hypocotyls, stem, peduncle, flowers, leaves and pods were seriously affected. Few bush type cowpea cultivars have been earlier identified as reliable sources of resistance while trailing types are susceptible, but high yielding. Breeding resistant varieties is suggested as the only practical strategy, especially under hot and humid condition. Fifty-yard-long bean genotypes belonging to bush, semi erect and pole types were screened against anthracnose disease through artificial inoculation under pot culture. The present study identified the resistant varieties of vegetable cowpea through artificial inoculation followed by detached leaf assay. Among the 50 varieties of yard long bean observed, Kanakamony, dual purpose yard long bean was found highly resistant with disease severity of 3.67% followed by Arimbra local.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72700737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the process of updating horticultural records of this genus in Egypt, five problems were identified: lack of publications, lack of clarity between species, numerous errors of identifications, loss of earlier documented records of identity, as well as, the introduction and cultivation of new plants during the 19th Century added to the complexity of the problem. In this study, the taxonomic aspects of genus Mimusops, were thoroughly studied to identify the most reliable characters for taxon delimitation. Our assessment was based on morphological characters representing habit, leaves, petioles, flowering pedicels, buds, floral parts, fruit and seed. Fieldwork have revealed the presence of four species, of which Mimusops kummel and M. zeyheri are new records. The latter species is represented in Egypt by M. zeyheri var. laurifolia. This variety has been neglected by many authors. Additionally, Mimusops elengi L. was believed to be cultivated in Egypt, but no materials have been encountered that could confirm it. The specimens earlier identified as M. elengi actually belong either to M. kummel or to M. laurifolia. A detailed description of the genus and species with photographs, an identification key, and synonymy for each taxon are provided.
在更新埃及该属园艺记录的过程中，发现了五个问题:缺乏出版物，物种之间缺乏清晰度，许多鉴定错误，早期身份记录的丢失，以及19世纪新植物的引入和栽培增加了问题的复杂性。本文对米米草属的分类学方面进行了深入的研究，以确定最可靠的分类单元划分特征。我们的评估基于习性、叶、叶柄、花梗、芽、花部、果实和种子的形态特征。野外调查发现有4种，其中kummel和zeyheri为新记录。后一种在埃及的代表是M. zeyheri var. laurifolia。这种变化被许多作者所忽视。此外，人们认为米苏索普(Mimusops elengi L.)是在埃及种植的，但没有遇到可以证实这一点的材料。早期鉴定为M. elengi的标本实际上要么属于M. kummel，要么属于M. laurifolia。提供了详细的属和种的描述，附有照片，识别密钥和每个分类单元的同义词。
{"title":"Taxonomic revision of the cultivated species of Mimusops (Sapotaceae) in Egypt, with new records","authors":"A. El-Hadidy, Rim S. Hamdy, Gehad Abd El-Mohsen","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1176","url":null,"abstract":"During the process of updating horticultural records of this genus in Egypt, five problems were identified: lack of publications, lack of clarity between species, numerous errors of identifications, loss of earlier documented records of identity, as well as, the introduction and cultivation of new plants during the 19th Century added to the complexity of the problem. In this study, the taxonomic aspects of genus Mimusops, were thoroughly studied to identify the most reliable characters for taxon delimitation. Our assessment was based on morphological characters representing habit, leaves, petioles, flowering pedicels, buds, floral parts, fruit and seed. Fieldwork have revealed the presence of four species, of which Mimusops kummel and M. zeyheri are new records. The latter species is represented in Egypt by M. zeyheri var. laurifolia. This variety has been neglected by many authors. Additionally, Mimusops elengi L. was believed to be cultivated in Egypt, but no materials have been encountered that could confirm it. The specimens earlier identified as M. elengi actually belong either to M. kummel or to M. laurifolia. A detailed description of the genus and species with photographs, an identification key, and synonymy for each taxon are provided.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75361807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
POOJA G K, Nagarajappa Adivappar, Shivakumar B. S., Lakshmana D., Sharanabasappa
The evaluation of morphological and yield traits of tamarind genotypes was carried out during 2017-18 at Forest Research Station, Govinkovi, Honnali taluk, Davangere district. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 16 genotypes and three replications. Trees were 14-years-old and of grafted origin. All the morphological and yield traits showed significant difference among the selected genotypes indicating the presence of adequate variations. The genotypes recorded morphological variation in terms of tree shape (semi-circle to irregular shape), foliage arrangement (dense to sparse), flowering time (early, mid and late), stem colour (dark brown, brown and light brown), bud colour (greenish white, pink, dark pink), petal colour (yellow and pale yellow), pod colour (greyish brown, brown, light brown and dark brown), pulp colour (light brown, brown and reddish brown), pod shape (straight, slightly curved, curved and deeply curved) and pod size (very big, big, medium and small). The analysis of variance revealed significant difference with respect to tree height, stem girth, pod traits, pod yield per tree (K-9 : 12.80 kg), number of pods per tree (NTI-52 : 989.07) and pulp per cent (K-9 : 48.87). Among the 16 genotypes, the genotype K-9 was found superior with respect to pod size, pod weight, pulp weight and pod yield per tree. Genotype K-9 was found promising and due to perennial in nature further evaluation is required for stability.
{"title":"Characterization and evaluation of morphological and yield traits of tamarind genotypes","authors":"POOJA G K, Nagarajappa Adivappar, Shivakumar B. S., Lakshmana D., Sharanabasappa","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1266","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of morphological and yield traits of tamarind genotypes was carried out during 2017-18 at Forest Research Station, Govinkovi, Honnali taluk, Davangere district. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 16 genotypes and three replications. Trees were 14-years-old and of grafted origin. All the morphological and yield traits showed significant difference among the selected genotypes indicating the presence of adequate variations. The genotypes recorded morphological variation in terms of tree shape (semi-circle to irregular shape), foliage arrangement (dense to sparse), flowering time (early, mid and late), stem colour (dark brown, brown and light brown), bud colour (greenish white, pink, dark pink), petal colour (yellow and pale yellow), pod colour (greyish brown, brown, light brown and dark brown), pulp colour (light brown, brown and reddish brown), pod shape (straight, slightly curved, curved and deeply curved) and pod size (very big, big, medium and small). The analysis of variance revealed significant difference with respect to tree height, stem girth, pod traits, pod yield per tree (K-9 : 12.80 kg), number of pods per tree (NTI-52 : 989.07) and pulp per cent (K-9 : 48.87). Among the 16 genotypes, the genotype K-9 was found superior with respect to pod size, pod weight, pulp weight and pod yield per tree. Genotype K-9 was found promising and due to perennial in nature further evaluation is required for stability.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76806946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Northeast region of India is endowed with diverse soil and agro-climatic conditions that are conducive to the growth of a large variety of temperate and tropical horticultural crops. Fruits, vegetables, and spices of the region are highly nutritious and have a market within and outside the country. The paper is an attempt to assess the potential of horticulture in the region. To gauge the state-wise and regional growth trend and variability in area and production of these crops during the period 2009-2019, Compound Annual Growth rates and Instability Index have been computed from secondary data. The study reveals a rising regional growth trend with low instability for the production of fruits and vegetables and moderate instability for spices. This indicates the possibility of sustainable development of horticulture in all the Northeast states through strategic planning. Fruits and spices of the region also have a market in Middle-East and neighbouring countries. However, lack of commercialisation, poor market intelligence, and linkages are impeding the growth of exports. To unleash the true potential of horticulture, it is imperative to develop infrastructure, modernise farming and establish seamless value chains with greater market integration.
{"title":"Growth trend and potential of horticulture in Northeast India","authors":"Madhuchhanda Das Gupta","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.872","url":null,"abstract":"The Northeast region of India is endowed with diverse soil and agro-climatic conditions that are conducive to the growth of a large variety of temperate and tropical horticultural crops. Fruits, vegetables, and spices of the region are highly nutritious and have a market within and outside the country. The paper is an attempt to assess the potential of horticulture in the region. To gauge the state-wise and regional growth trend and variability in area and production of these crops during the period 2009-2019, Compound Annual Growth rates and Instability Index have been computed from secondary data. The study reveals a rising regional growth trend with low instability for the production of fruits and vegetables and moderate instability for spices. This indicates the possibility of sustainable development of horticulture in all the Northeast states through strategic planning. Fruits and spices of the region also have a market in Middle-East and neighbouring countries. However, lack of commercialisation, poor market intelligence, and linkages are impeding the growth of exports. To unleash the true potential of horticulture, it is imperative to develop infrastructure, modernise farming and establish seamless value chains with greater market integration.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89394695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ebrahim Ganji Moghadam, Sara Arghavan, A. Fahadan, M. Zamanipour
The incidence of incompatibility signs in the grafting point can be delayed, and the analysis of phenols is used as an applicable early sign for the detection of graft incompatibility. Accordingly, this study mainly aimed to investigate compatibility/incompatibility in 10 commercial plum cultivars grafted on myrobalan and apricot rootstocks, followed by determining the role of phenols in graft incompatibility. The evaluated cultivars included Santarosa, Ghatreh tala, Shams, Dargazi, No. 16, No. 17, Laroda, Simka, Bokhara, and Stanley. The results showed significant differences in the stem diameter. The union graft location in Shams, Laroda, Simka, Stanley, and Ghatreh tala cultivars on apricot rootstock was thicker than the scions and stocks. Phenolic compounds in the union graft decreased in all plum cultivars on myrobalan rootstock in comparison with other sites. Finally, the most phenolic accumulation belonged to the union graft on Santarosa, Ghatreh tala, and Shams on apricot rootstocks. Therefore, it seems that phenolic compounds in plums can be used as a biochemical marker in graft incompatibility.
{"title":"Possibility of early detection of graft incompatibility in some commercial plum cultivars by phenolic compounds analysis","authors":"Ebrahim Ganji Moghadam, Sara Arghavan, A. Fahadan, M. Zamanipour","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1047","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of incompatibility signs in the grafting point can be delayed, and the analysis of phenols is used as an applicable early sign for the detection of graft incompatibility. Accordingly, this study mainly aimed to investigate compatibility/incompatibility in 10 commercial plum cultivars grafted on myrobalan and apricot rootstocks, followed by determining the role of phenols in graft incompatibility. The evaluated cultivars included Santarosa, Ghatreh tala, Shams, Dargazi, No. 16, No. 17, Laroda, Simka, Bokhara, and Stanley. The results showed significant differences in the stem diameter. The union graft location in Shams, Laroda, Simka, Stanley, and Ghatreh tala cultivars on apricot rootstock was thicker than the scions and stocks. Phenolic compounds in the union graft decreased in all plum cultivars on myrobalan rootstock in comparison with other sites. Finally, the most phenolic accumulation belonged to the union graft on Santarosa, Ghatreh tala, and Shams on apricot rootstocks. Therefore, it seems that phenolic compounds in plums can be used as a biochemical marker in graft incompatibility.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83333280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moringa oleifera Lam. is an incredible plant because of vital nutrients such as minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals. The present work is focused on studying the optimization and quality attributes retention in moringa flowers in a freeze dryer (FD). Because the conventional drying process takes more time and energy which will affect the product quality and safety. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the effect of drying temperature (- 65 to - 45°C), vacuum pressure (0.5 to 2.5 mmHg) and drying time (18 to 24 h.) on the vitamin C, total antioxidant activity(TAA) and hygroscopicity (HS) of moringa flower. The developed model response R2 values of vitamin C 0.96, total antioxidant activity 0.97 and hygroscopicity0.95. Based on response surface and desirability (0.74) functions, moringa flower was freeze sdried at - 63.75°C for18 hr under 0.55 vacuum pressure had an optimum level of vitamin C 285.84 mg/100g, TAA 453.20 mg/100g and HS 1.57 percent. Freeze dried moringa flower powder at -55°C had maximum drying characteristics with special reference to high powder recovery (98.75%) and excellent flowability.The first principal component, accounting for 52.15 per cent and two 23.02 per cent of the total variance resolved the different drying temperatures.
{"title":"Optimization of freeze drying parameters for moringa (Moringa oleifera) flower powder by using response surface methodology and principal component analysis","authors":"Pandidurai G, Amutha S, K. S., V. S., P. K.","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1481","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa oleifera Lam. is an incredible plant because of vital nutrients such as minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals. The present work is focused on studying the optimization and quality attributes retention in moringa flowers in a freeze dryer (FD). Because the conventional drying process takes more time and energy which will affect the product quality and safety. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the effect of drying temperature (- 65 to - 45°C), vacuum pressure (0.5 to 2.5 mmHg) and drying time (18 to 24 h.) on the vitamin C, total antioxidant activity(TAA) and hygroscopicity (HS) of moringa flower. The developed model response R2 values of vitamin C 0.96, total antioxidant activity 0.97 and hygroscopicity0.95. Based on response surface and desirability (0.74) functions, moringa flower was freeze sdried at - 63.75°C for18 hr under 0.55 vacuum pressure had an optimum level of vitamin C 285.84 mg/100g, TAA 453.20 mg/100g and HS 1.57 percent. Freeze dried moringa flower powder at -55°C had maximum drying characteristics with special reference to high powder recovery (98.75%) and excellent flowability.The first principal component, accounting for 52.15 per cent and two 23.02 per cent of the total variance resolved the different drying temperatures.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"2134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91362535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahammed Faizan, H. Bn, Lakshmana D, Ganapthi M, Rakshith M
Eggplant is popularly known as poor man’s vegetable. With respect to present situation of climatic challenges, fruit yield of eggplant is reduced due to drought or moisture stresses. In view of this condition, an experiment was aimed to study character association between yield and yield components in eggplant. The resultant outcome from correlation analysis computed among nine eggplant characters indicated that traits like plant height and total plant length at harvesting, fruit length and number of fruits per plant significantly correlated with fruit yield per plant. Whereas, traits like plant height and total plant length observed at harvesting stage, number of days for flower initiation, number of primary branches, fruit length and average fruit weight were significantly associated with fruit yield per plant under moisture stressed condition.
{"title":"Phenotypic trait association studies in brinjal upon drought stress","authors":"Mahammed Faizan, H. Bn, Lakshmana D, Ganapthi M, Rakshith M","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.1232","url":null,"abstract":"Eggplant is popularly known as poor man’s vegetable. With respect to present situation of climatic challenges, fruit yield of eggplant is reduced due to drought or moisture stresses. In view of this condition, an experiment was aimed to study character association between yield and yield components in eggplant. The resultant outcome from correlation analysis computed among nine eggplant characters indicated that traits like plant height and total plant length at harvesting, fruit length and number of fruits per plant significantly correlated with fruit yield per plant. Whereas, traits like plant height and total plant length observed at harvesting stage, number of days for flower initiation, number of primary branches, fruit length and average fruit weight were significantly associated with fruit yield per plant under moisture stressed condition.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77886244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：