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Does E-Commerce Help Farmers’ Markets? Measuring the Impact of MarketMaker 电子商务对农贸市场有利吗?衡量做市商的影响
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.240766
S. Zapata, O. Isengildina-Massa, Carlos E. Carpio, R. D. Lamie
MarketMaker is one of the most extensive collections of electronic searchable food industry related data engines in the country with over 17,500 profiles of food related enterprises, including more than 7,600 agricultural producers and 1,295 farmers markets. This study examined the impact of MarketMaker on participating farmers’ markets. Our findings indicate that about half of the farmers markets have experienced benefits from their participation in the form of new contacts, new customers and vendors, and increase in sales. Through the analysis of factors that affect the increase in farmers’ markets sales due to MarketMaker we identified that the components needed for the more successful use of MarketMaker include an established MarketMaker program, an established farmers’ market and an active user-manager.
MarketMaker是国内最广泛的电子可搜索食品行业相关数据引擎之一,拥有超过17,500个食品相关企业的简介,包括超过7,600个农业生产者和1,295个农贸市场。本研究考察了做市商对参与农户€™市场的影响。我们的研究结果表明,大约一半的农贸市场从他们的参与中获得了新的联系,新的客户和供应商,以及销售额的增加。通过分析影响由于MarketMaker而增加的farmers ss市场销售的因素,我们确定了更成功地使用MarketMaker所需的组件包括一个成熟的做市商程序,一个成熟的farmers ss市场和一个活跃的用户管理器。
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引用次数: 21
Product Liability Insurance Use Among Tennessee Fruit and Vegetable Farmers 产品责任保险在田纳西州水果和蔬菜农民中的使用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.241102
M. Edwards, Margarita Velandia, C. Clark, D. Lambert, W. H. Pepper, K. Jensen
Product liability insurance can help farmers manage product liability risk and gain access to additional market outlets. Data from a survey of Tennessee fruit and vegetable producers were used to evaluate differences between product liability insurance users and non-users, barriers associated with the use of this type of insurance, along with insurance coverage amounts and costs. Findings suggest that primary occupation, percentage of income from farming, size of fruit and vegetable operation, and market outlets used may influence the decision to purchase product liability insurance. Barriers to use include perceived costs of product liability insurance and limited understanding of liability insurance policies.
产品责任保险可以帮助农民管理产品责任风险,并获得更多的市场渠道。来自田纳西州水果和蔬菜生产商的调查数据被用来评估产品责任保险用户和非用户之间的差异,与使用这类保险相关的障碍,以及保险范围和费用。研究结果表明,主要职业、农业收入百分比、果蔬经营规模和使用的市场网点可能会影响购买产品责任保险的决定。使用障碍包括产品责任保险的感知成本和对责任保险政策的有限理解。
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引用次数: 1
Health Consciousness and Consumer Preferences for Holiday Turkey Attributes 健康意识和消费者对假日火鸡属性的偏好
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.240769
N. Widmar, E. Byrd, C. Wolf, Lalatendu Acharya
An online survey of 620 respondents was utilized to elicit consumer preferences for six holiday turkey attributes (price, weight, antibiotic free, local, pasture access, and brand) related to aspects of food purchasing, including healthfulness, food safety, and treatment of animals. To explore possible relationships in consumer perceptions of holiday turkey attributes and lifestyle factors, respondents were asked about their health consciousness. Those who indicated they would consume turkey for one or more holiday meal were generally rated more health conscious. Price was the most important attribute and the preference share for price was negatively correlated with health consciousness.
对620名受访者进行了在线调查,以了解消费者对假日火鸡的六个属性(价格、重量、不含抗生素、当地、牧场准入和品牌)的偏好,这些属性与食品购买方面有关,包括健康、食品安全和动物治疗。为了探索消费者对假日火鸡属性和生活方式因素的看法之间可能存在的关系,受访者被问及他们的健康意识。那些表示他们会在一顿或多顿节日大餐中吃火鸡的人通常被认为更注重健康。价格是最重要的属性,对价格的偏好与健康意识呈负相关。
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引用次数: 7
Consumer Responses to Multiple and Superfluous Labels in the Case of Eggs 消费者对鸡蛋中多重和多余标签的反应
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.240708
Yan Heng, H. Peterson, Xianghong Li
Food labels convey various information about credence attributes. An increasing number of labels and the existence of superfluous labels lead to questions on how consumers value different number of co-presented labels. Average respondents to our national survey about eggs were willing to pay a premium for all considered attribute labels, but their valuations depended on how many other labels were presented simultaneously. For example, certified organic label lost value as it was presented with more labels. On average, respondents also valued labels that conveyed no additional information, even after being presented with their superfluity.
食品标签传达了关于信任属性的各种信息。标签数量的增加和多余标签的存在导致消费者如何评价不同数量的共同呈现标签的问题。我们对鸡蛋进行的全国调查的平均受访者愿意为所有考虑的属性标签支付溢价,但他们的估值取决于同时呈现的其他标签的数量。例如,有机认证标签随着标签的增多而失去了价值。平均而言,受访者也重视那些没有传达额外信息的标签,即使是在展示了这些多余信息之后。
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引用次数: 15
Caribbean Food Import Demand: An Application of the CBS Differential Demand System 加勒比食品进口需求:CBS差异需求系统的应用
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.240767
L. Walters, Keithly G. Jones
This study uses a Central Bureau Statistics (CBS) demand system to estimate food import demand parameters for the Caribbean region. The analysis is based on food import data for 1961–2009 from the FAO-STAT database. The study determined that for the defined period the Caribbean food import demand was price inelastic, and that tourism arrivals and real income growth were not statistically significant in determining food import demand. However, per capita agricultural production was found to be statistically significant in determining Caribbean food import demand over the study period.
本研究使用中央统计局(CBS)需求系统来估计加勒比地区的粮食进口需求参数。该分析基于FAO-STAT数据库1961-2009年的粮食进口数据。研究确定,在确定的时期内,加勒比地区的粮食进口需求没有价格弹性,旅游人数和实际收入增长在决定粮食进口需求方面在统计上并不显著。然而,在研究期间,发现人均农业生产在决定加勒比粮食进口需求方面具有统计意义。
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引用次数: 6
Food Manufacturing Industry in South Carolina: An Analysis of the Size, Structure, and Performance 南卡罗来纳州食品制造业:规模、结构与绩效分析
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.232289
Yuliya V. Bolotova
Food manufacturing industries are traditionally cosnidered to be a significance force of economic development of rural areas. By locating their establishments in a particular region, they create employment opportunities and increase demand for agricultural commodities grown in the region. South Carolina has a bery diverse agriculture. A wide variety of agricultural commodities is grown in the state, including grains (soybeans, corn, wheat, oats), fruits, vegetables and nutes (peaches, melons, tomatoes, cucumbers, peanuts), poultry and eggs, livestock and dairy (USDA NASS 2014). A diverse agricultural sector creates incentives for food manufacturing companies to locate their establishments in this area. In addition, it encourages agricultural producers to get involved in food manufacturing businesses. Food manufacturing industries are important sectors of the South Carolina economy. The objective of this research is to evaluate the size, structure and economic performance of food manufacturing industry in South Carolina during the period of 2000-2012. The analysis is conducted using a number of key economic indicators reported by the US Census Bureau Economic Census surveys. The analyzed economic indicators include the number of establishments, number of employees, annual payroll, value added and value of shipments. The results have implications for the food industry and policy decision-making process, as they provide evidence on the current and projected economic performance of food manufacturing industries in South Carolina.
食品制造业历来被认为是农村经济发展的重要力量。通过在特定区域设立机构,它们创造了就业机会,并增加了对该区域种植的农产品的需求。南卡罗来纳有多种多样的农业。该州种植各种各样的农产品,包括谷物(大豆、玉米、小麦、燕麦)、水果、蔬菜和坚果(桃子、瓜、西红柿、黄瓜、花生)、家禽和鸡蛋、牲畜和乳制品(USDA NASS 2014)。多样化的农业部门为食品制造公司在该地区设立机构创造了激励。此外,它还鼓励农业生产者参与食品制造业务。食品制造业是南卡罗来纳州经济的重要部门。本研究的目的是评估2000-2012年南卡罗来纳州食品制造业的规模、结构和经济绩效。该分析是根据美国人口普查局经济普查报告的一些关键经济指标进行的。分析的经济指标包括企业数量、雇员数量、年度工资、增加值和货值。研究结果对食品工业和政策决策过程具有启示意义,因为它们为南卡罗来纳州食品制造业当前和预计的经济表现提供了证据。
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引用次数: 1
Is Being Big Better? Shoppers Compare Food Merchandisers 做大更好吗?消费者比较食品销售商
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.232317
F. Stegelin
Sixty undergraduate students enrolled in AAEC-3100, Food and Fiber Marketing, developed a survey with IRB approval, gathered the information, and compiled the results from 3,018 food shoppers in North Georgia and the Atlanta Metro counties concerning the shoppers’ opinions about their shopping experiences and store attributes. Although chain store names were identified, WalMart references, for instance, were not all Supercenters combining grocery and mass-merchandise and specialty departments, or all Neighborhood Market (grocery only) formats. Surprisingly, America’s largest grocer, WalMart, did not fare the best responses for customer shopping experience. WalMart received subpar scores for checkout speed/open checkout lanes, employee courtesy and service, stockouts of advertised specials, and fresh meat and produce quality, although customers were drawn to these stores by the advertised low prices. Shoppers viewed many other regional grocery chains as having comparable prices with WalMart or Sam’s Club – namely, Costco, Trader Joe’s, Krogers, Ingles, Bells, Harris Teeter, BiLo, Piggly Wiggly, and Publix—all have prominent market share in the Southeast. Food shoppers are promiscuous in their willingness to try many different grocers; grocery shoppers averaged an estimated eighty-three trips per year to purchase groceries with an estimated average annual household expenditure of $5,120. For the survey, stores known to have grocery formats were identified/grouped into several store type categories: regional chains (i.e., Publix, Harris Teeter, Piggly Wiggly, BiLo, Ingles, Bells, Earthfare), warehouse clubs (i.e., Costco, Sam’s Club, BJ’s), national chains (i.e., Trader Joe’s, Whole Foods, Kroger (and affiliates)), neighborhood pharmacies (i.e., Walgreens, CVS, RiteAid), mass merchants or department stores (i.e., Target, WalMart), and convenience stores (i.e., 7-Eleven, Quick Trip). Customer experience maps were developed and plotted to reflect the customers’ shopping experience across the variety of store formats. Customer satisfaction indices (CSI) were also calculated with respect to the customers’ overall shopping experience, the service, the product variety and selection, quality, prices, cleanliness, and ease of shopping. For overall shopping experience, regional chains scored the highest CSI and convenience stores the lowest CSI. To gain an understanding of customer retention and loyalty, net promoter scores were determined for each of the store formats. To compare prices, a common grocery list was“shopped” by the students at the various outlets, noting the store-brand price. Venues offering lowest prices for food products varied with the products being priced. The significance of the survey is for students to learn smarter shopping and understand how goods are priced and marketed.
60名就读于AAEC-3100食品和纤维营销专业的本科生,在获得IRB批准的情况下进行了一项调查,收集了信息,并汇编了来自北乔治亚州和亚特兰大地铁县的3018名食品购物者关于他们的购物体验和商店属性的意见的结果。虽然连锁店的名称被确定了,但沃尔玛的引用,例如,并不是所有的超级中心都结合了杂货店、大宗商品和专业部门,或者所有的邻里市场(杂货店)形式。令人惊讶的是,美国最大的杂货商沃尔玛在顾客购物体验方面并没有得到最好的回应。沃尔玛在结帐速度/开放的结帐通道、员工的礼貌和服务、广告上的特价商品缺货、鲜肉和农产品质量等方面得分低于标准,尽管消费者是被广告上的低价吸引到这些商店的。消费者认为,许多其他地区的食品杂货连锁店的价格与沃尔玛或山姆会员店相当——即好市多、Trader Joe’s、Krogers、Ingles、Bells、Harris Teeter、BiLo、Piggly Wiggly和publix——它们都在东南部拥有突出的市场份额。购买食品的人是混杂的,他们愿意尝试许多不同的杂货店;购买食品杂货的人平均每年要去83趟,平均每年的家庭支出为5120美元。在这项调查中,已知的具有杂货形式的商店被确定/分组为以下几种商店类型:区域连锁店(如Publix、Harris Teeter、Piggly Wiggly、BiLo、Ingles、Bells、Earthfare)、仓储俱乐部(如Costco、Sam’s Club、BJ’s)、全国连锁店(如Trader Joe’s、Whole Foods、Kroger(及其附属公司))、社区药店(如Walgreens、CVS、RiteAid)、大型商家或百货公司(如Target、WalMart)和便利店(如7-Eleven、Quick Trip)。开发并绘制了客户体验图,以反映客户在各种商店形式下的购物体验。顾客满意度指数(CSI)也根据顾客的整体购物体验、服务、产品种类和选择、质量、价格、清洁度和购物的便利性来计算。就整体购物体验而言,区域连锁店的CSI得分最高,便利店的CSI得分最低。为了了解客户留存率和忠诚度,我们确定了每种商店形式的净推荐值。为了比较价格,学生们在不同的商店“购买”了一份共同的购物清单,并注明了商店的品牌价格。提供最低食品价格的场所因产品定价而异。调查的意义是让学生学习更聪明的购物,了解商品是如何定价和营销的。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Retail Milk Pricing in the Eastern United States 美国东部零售牛奶价格分析
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.232304
Yuliya V. Bolotova, A. Novakovic
An analysis presented in the article evaluates the behavior of retail fluid milk prices, farm-level milk prices and farm-to-retail margins during the period of 2000-2010 in six cities located in the Eastern United States: Boston, MA; Syracuse, NY; Philadelphia, PA; Louisville, KY; Atlanta, GA; and Miami, FL. The empirical evidence presented in the article supports empirical findings reported in the existing literature: retail fluid milk prices tend to increase at a higher rate than farm-level milk prices and there is a presence of asymmetries in the farm-to-retail price transmission process. Furthermore, there is empirical evidence that may suggest that the patterns of behavior of fluid milk prices and farm-to-retail margins are different in the states with resale milk price control regulations (New York State and Pennsylvania) and states without resale milk price control regulations. In the former case, the pattern of changes in retail fluid milk prices is similar to the pattern of changes in farm-level milk prices. In the latter case, changes in the retail fluid milk prices do not necessarily reflect changes in the farm-level milk prices, which often causes farm-to-retail margin to increase.
文章中提出的分析评估了2000-2010年期间美国东部六个城市的零售液态奶价格、农场奶价和农场到零售利润率的行为:马萨诸塞州波士顿;锡拉丘兹,纽约;费城,宾夕法尼亚州。肯塔基州路易斯维尔市的;亚特兰大,乔治亚州;文章中提出的经验证据支持现有文献中报告的经验发现:零售液态奶价格往往以高于农场水平牛奶价格的速度增长,并且在农场到零售价格的传递过程中存在不对称。此外,有经验证据表明,在有转售牛奶价格管制条例的州(纽约州和宾夕法尼亚州)和没有转售牛奶价格管制条例的州,液态奶价格的行为模式和农场到零售商的利润率是不同的。在前一种情况下,零售液态奶价格的变化模式与农场一级牛奶价格的变化模式相似。在后一种情况下,液态奶零售价格的变化并不一定反映农场一级牛奶价格的变化,这往往导致农场对零售的利润率增加。
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引用次数: 1
Cost Estimates and Investment Analysis for Muscadine Grapes Production in Georgia 格鲁吉亚马斯卡丁葡萄生产的成本估算和投资分析
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.232281
E. Fonsah, Sebastian Awondo
Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia), also known as wild grapes are native to the Southeastern United States and well adapted to the warm and humid conditions of the region. Georgia is the largest producer of mscadine grapes in the United States and has enjoyed a market niche for decades consisting of fresh fruit processed for jams, juice and wine. In recent years, precision breeding using cisgenic technology has allow the development of new disease-resistant and seedless cultivars with potentials to serve different end-use market segments. However, the profitability of muscadine grapes cultivars newly developed with cisgenic technology relative to those developed with traditional transgenic technology is still questionable. This study takes a first step in bridging the gap in the literative with the objective to estimate the costs, revenue and profitability of producing transgenic-bred muscadine grapes in Georgia using a Single Trellis System with drip irrigation. Subsequently, we plan to derive similiar estimates for a new cisgenicbred rot resistant and seedless counterpart, currently in field trials, and compare both estimates to determine which of the two has the highest economic potentials in term of profitability and or net returns to the growers.
麝香葡萄(圆叶葡萄),也被称为野生葡萄,原产于美国东南部,很好地适应了该地区温暖潮湿的条件。乔治亚州是美国最大的米斯卡丁葡萄产地,几十年来一直享有一个利基市场,包括加工果酱、果汁和葡萄酒的新鲜水果。近年来,利用顺基因技术进行精确育种,可以开发出新的抗病和无籽品种,这些品种有潜力服务于不同的最终用途市场。然而,与传统转基因技术相比,用顺基因技术新培育的马斯卡丁葡萄品种的盈利能力仍然存在疑问。本研究为弥合字面上的差距迈出了第一步,目的是估计在格鲁吉亚使用滴灌的单架系统生产转基因马斯卡丁葡萄的成本、收入和盈利能力。随后,我们计划对目前正在进行田间试验的一种新的抗腐和无籽转基因品种进行类似的估计,并比较这两种估计,以确定哪一种在盈利能力和或净回报方面对种植者具有最高的经济潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Diversification into Specialty Crops Production as a Regional Economic Development Strategy for Northeast Arkansas: An Economic Impact Analysis 特色作物生产多样化作为阿肯色州东北部区域经济发展战略:经济影响分析
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.22004/AG.ECON.232298
P. Armah, J. Wimberly, G. C. Phillips, Anett Pagan, Alana J. McVey
This study evaluates potential economic impacts on the region that may result from diversifying into vegetable crops. Five vegetables: okra, Southern peas, snap beans, summer squash, and sweet potatoes are evaluated. The evaluations entail analyses of potential regional economic impacts, using IMPLAN 3.0. The results exhibit strong multiplier effects and economic contributions in the region to output, employment, value-added, and income generation. The results also show that vegetable production can be important source of indirect and induced economic activities in the region. These indicate that vegetable production can have positive impacts and linkages in the region’s economy and may not be ignored in developing economic strategies for the region
本研究评估了蔬菜作物多样化可能对该地区产生的潜在经济影响。评估了五种蔬菜:秋葵、南方豌豆、豆角、夏南瓜和红薯。评估需要使用IMPLAN 3.0分析潜在的区域经济影响。研究结果显示,该地区在产出、就业、增值和创收方面具有很强的乘数效应和经济贡献。结果还表明,蔬菜生产可以成为该地区间接和诱发经济活动的重要来源。这表明,蔬菜生产可以对该地区的经济产生积极的影响和联系,在制定该地区的经济战略时不可忽视
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Food Distribution Research
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