Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-068
Adsorption
{"title":"Optimization of Adsorption Parameters for Effective Removal of Basic Yellow Dye 28 from Aqueous Solution by Apatites Using a Factorial Design","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-068","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-009
{"title":"Analysis of Heat Transfer Control in CI Engines Fueled with Diesel/Methanol/1-pentanol Blends with Nanoparticles: Enhancing Performance and Lowering Emissions","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-061
We have elaborated the Na 2 O-(1-x)PbO-xCuO-P 2 O 5 , with (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), us-ing a conventional melt quenching technique. The object of the present investigation is an analysis of the relationship between the structure and gamma ray shielding properties of the studied compounds. The Raman spectroscopic study showed that the substitution of Pb 2+ by the Cu 2+ ions leads to a large modification in the structure of (P 2 O 7 ) 4 groups. Additionnaly, we have investigated the gamma ray shielding properties of elaborated glasses. Using the XCOM software, mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ ρ ), half value layers (HVL) and effective atomic numbers (Z eff ) were calculated. The values of μ/ ρ and Z eff were found to decrease with the increase in CuO content. The results show that Cu 2+ ions affect the structure and gamma ray shielding properties of the glasses systems Na 2 O-(1-x)PbO-xCuO-P
{"title":"Investigation of Structural and Radiation Shielding Parameters for Lead Pyrophosphate Glasses","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-061","url":null,"abstract":"We have elaborated the Na 2 O-(1-x)PbO-xCuO-P 2 O 5 , with (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), us-ing a conventional melt quenching technique. The object of the present investigation is an analysis of the relationship between the structure and gamma ray shielding properties of the studied compounds. The Raman spectroscopic study showed that the substitution of Pb 2+ by the Cu 2+ ions leads to a large modification in the structure of (P 2 O 7 ) 4 groups. Additionnaly, we have investigated the gamma ray shielding properties of elaborated glasses. Using the XCOM software, mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ ρ ), half value layers (HVL) and effective atomic numbers (Z eff ) were calculated. The values of μ/ ρ and Z eff were found to decrease with the increase in CuO content. The results show that Cu 2+ ions affect the structure and gamma ray shielding properties of the glasses systems Na 2 O-(1-x)PbO-xCuO-P","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-063
Ag 0.4 Zn 2.8 Fe 4 (PO 4 ) 6 was prepared by classical solid-state method and investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The purity of the sample was checked by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). This new phase adopts the typical Howardevansite structure with the triclinic system, space group P -1 and unit cell parameters: a = 6.3551(1), b = 7.9271(1), c = 9.3232(2) Å, α = 105.022(1)°, β =108.085(1)°, and γ = 101.470(1)°. All atoms of the crystal structure occupy the general position 2i except Ag(1) + and Zn(1) 2+ cations which are on two centers of inversion at 1g(-1) and 1h(-1), respectively. This crystal net-framework is made up of folded chains of polyhedral with shared edges based on [Fe(1) 2 O 10 ] and [Fe(2) 2 O 10 ] dimers intercalated by Zn(2)O 5 unit. Adjacent chains are interconnected by a regular PO 43-tetrahedra and ordered in stacked layers perpendicular to [010]. Such an arrangement gives rise to tunnels parallel to [100], that host Ag(1) + and Zn(1) 2+ cations. The stability and accuracy of the suggested structural model have been approved by combinatorial investigations of charge distribution (CD) and bond valence sum (BVS).
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Structural Study of the Novel Phosphate Ag0.4Zn2.8Fe4(PO4)6","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-063","url":null,"abstract":"Ag 0.4 Zn 2.8 Fe 4 (PO 4 ) 6 was prepared by classical solid-state method and investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The purity of the sample was checked by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). This new phase adopts the typical Howardevansite structure with the triclinic system, space group P -1 and unit cell parameters: a = 6.3551(1), b = 7.9271(1), c = 9.3232(2) Å, α = 105.022(1)°, β =108.085(1)°, and γ = 101.470(1)°. All atoms of the crystal structure occupy the general position 2i except Ag(1) + and Zn(1) 2+ cations which are on two centers of inversion at 1g(-1) and 1h(-1), respectively. This crystal net-framework is made up of folded chains of polyhedral with shared edges based on [Fe(1) 2 O 10 ] and [Fe(2) 2 O 10 ] dimers intercalated by Zn(2)O 5 unit. Adjacent chains are interconnected by a regular PO 43-tetrahedra and ordered in stacked layers perpendicular to [010]. Such an arrangement gives rise to tunnels parallel to [100], that host Ag(1) + and Zn(1) 2+ cations. The stability and accuracy of the suggested structural model have been approved by combinatorial investigations of charge distribution (CD) and bond valence sum (BVS).","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alternative internal combustion (IC) engine fuels are being tested due to increased energy consumption and pollutants. Biomass waste, algae, and plant seeds produce alternative energies. Petroleum-based IC engines cause many environmental issues. Thus, adopting an alternative fuel to an engine may require design changes to match conventional fuel performance. Mahua biodiesel and diesel blends with Al 2 O 3 (Alumina) nano additive were tested in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. Mahua biodiesel and its diesel blends with Al 2 O 3 nano additive were tested in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. Different fuels tested the engine. Mahua biodiesel blends 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 100% were tested for performance and emissions at varying loads. Compared to other biodiesel blends, 30% Mahua biodiesel + 70% diesel (B30) performed well and had low tailpipe emissions. Nano additive mixed biodiesel was made with 70% diesel, 30% mahua biodiesel, and 10, 40, and 70 ppm nano Al 2 O 3 . The 70-ppm alumina nano additive mixed biodiesel has improved thermal efficiency and lower emissions because nanoparticles improve fuel atomization. BTE (Brake thermal efficiency) and BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) of 70 ppm alumina nano blended biodiesel increased 4% and lowered 10%, respectively, compared to diesel. Mahua biodiesel blended biodiesel reduced HC (Hydrocarbon), CO (Carbon monoxide), and NO x (Nitrogen oxides) emissions by 49%, 50%, and 16%, respectively. Nano mixed Mahua biodiesel was a better alternative energy for unmodified CI (Compression ignition) engines.
由于能源消耗和污染物的增加，替代性内燃（IC）发动机燃料正在接受测试。生物质废料、藻类和植物种子可产生替代能源。以石油为基础的集成电路发动机会造成许多环境问题。因此，发动机采用替代燃料可能需要改变设计，以达到与传统燃料相匹配的性能。我们在单缸压燃式发动机中测试了含有 Al 2 O 3（氧化铝）纳米添加剂的马华生物柴油和柴油混合物。在单缸压燃式发动机中测试了马华生物柴油及其与 Al 2 O 3 纳米添加剂的柴油混合物。不同的燃料对发动机进行了测试。在不同负荷下，测试了马华生物柴油混合物 10%、20%、30%、40% 和 100% 的性能和排放。与其他生物柴油混合物相比，30% 的马华生物柴油 + 70% 的柴油（B30）性能良好，尾气排放量低。纳米添加剂混合生物柴油是用 70% 柴油、30% 马华生物柴油和 10、40 和 70ppm 纳米 Al 2 O 3 制成的。70ppm 氧化铝纳米添加剂混合生物柴油提高了热效率，降低了排放，因为纳米颗粒改善了燃料雾化。与柴油相比，70 ppm 纳米氧化铝混合生物柴油的 BTE（制动热效率）和 BSFC（制动比油耗）分别提高了 4%和降低了 10%。混合了马华生物柴油的生物柴油的碳氢化合物（HC）、一氧化碳（CO）和氮氧化物（NO x）排放量分别减少了 49%、50% 和 16%。纳米混合马华生物柴油是未改装的 CI（压燃）发动机的一种更好的替代能源。
{"title":"Influence of Alumina Nano Additive on Compression Ignition Engine Characteristics Fueled with Mahua Biodiesel","authors":"Murugu Nachippan Nachiappan, P. Sambandam, Parthasarathy Murugesan, Ramasubramanian Shan-mugam, Murugu Nachippan, Nachiappan","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-013","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative internal combustion (IC) engine fuels are being tested due to increased energy consumption and pollutants. Biomass waste, algae, and plant seeds produce alternative energies. Petroleum-based IC engines cause many environmental issues. Thus, adopting an alternative fuel to an engine may require design changes to match conventional fuel performance. Mahua biodiesel and diesel blends with Al 2 O 3 (Alumina) nano additive were tested in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. Mahua biodiesel and its diesel blends with Al 2 O 3 nano additive were tested in a single-cylinder compression ignition engine. Different fuels tested the engine. Mahua biodiesel blends 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 100% were tested for performance and emissions at varying loads. Compared to other biodiesel blends, 30% Mahua biodiesel + 70% diesel (B30) performed well and had low tailpipe emissions. Nano additive mixed biodiesel was made with 70% diesel, 30% mahua biodiesel, and 10, 40, and 70 ppm nano Al 2 O 3 . The 70-ppm alumina nano additive mixed biodiesel has improved thermal efficiency and lower emissions because nanoparticles improve fuel atomization. BTE (Brake thermal efficiency) and BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) of 70 ppm alumina nano blended biodiesel increased 4% and lowered 10%, respectively, compared to diesel. Mahua biodiesel blended biodiesel reduced HC (Hydrocarbon), CO (Carbon monoxide), and NO x (Nitrogen oxides) emissions by 49%, 50%, and 16%, respectively. Nano mixed Mahua biodiesel was a better alternative energy for unmodified CI (Compression ignition) engines.","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-074
{"title":"Recent Progress on the Elaboration of Sodium Manganese Phosphate Based Nanostructures as Cathodes for Energy Storage","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-074","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-066
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) and variable air volume (VAV) systems are considered among the best heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems (HVAC) thanks to their ability to provide cooling and heating in different thermal zones of the same building. As well as their ability to recover the heat rejected from spaces requiring cooling and reuse it to heat another space. Nevertheless, at the same time, these systems are considered one of the most energy-consuming systems in the building. So, it is crucial to well size the system according to the building’s cooling and heating needs and the indoor temperature fluctuations. This study aims to compare these two energy systems by conducting an energy model simulation of a real building under a semi-arid climate for cooling and heating periods. The developed building energy model (BEM) was validated and calibrated using measured and simulated indoor air temperature and energy consumption data. The study aims to evaluate the effect of these HVAC systems on energy consumption and the indoor thermal comfort of the building. The numerical model was based on the Energy Plus simulation engine. The approach used in this paper has allowed us to reach significant quantitative energy saving along with a high level of indoor thermal comfort by using the VRF system compared to the VAV system. The findings prove that the VRF system provides 46.18% of the annual total heating energy savings and 6.14% of the annual cooling and ventilation energy savings compared to the VAV system.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of the Building Energy Efficiency Using Two Different HVAC Systems: Variable Refrigerant Flow and Variable Air Volume Technologies","authors":"","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s2-066","url":null,"abstract":"Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) and variable air volume (VAV) systems are considered among the best heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems (HVAC) thanks to their ability to provide cooling and heating in different thermal zones of the same building. As well as their ability to recover the heat rejected from spaces requiring cooling and reuse it to heat another space. Nevertheless, at the same time, these systems are considered one of the most energy-consuming systems in the building. So, it is crucial to well size the system according to the building’s cooling and heating needs and the indoor temperature fluctuations. This study aims to compare these two energy systems by conducting an energy model simulation of a real building under a semi-arid climate for cooling and heating periods. The developed building energy model (BEM) was validated and calibrated using measured and simulated indoor air temperature and energy consumption data. The study aims to evaluate the effect of these HVAC systems on energy consumption and the indoor thermal comfort of the building. The numerical model was based on the Energy Plus simulation engine. The approach used in this paper has allowed us to reach significant quantitative energy saving along with a high level of indoor thermal comfort by using the VRF system compared to the VAV system. The findings prove that the VRF system provides 46.18% of the annual total heating energy savings and 6.14% of the annual cooling and ventilation energy savings compared to the VAV system.","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study investigated the effect of collector aspect ratio on the thermal performance of a louvered finned solar air heater (LFSAH) using nanoparticles. Analyses are performed on various collector aspect ratios and mass flow rates (MFR) to determine their impact on heat transfer and overall system performance. The findings reveal that changing the collector aspect ratio has significant effects on the thermal efficiency and heat transfer properties of a solar air heater (SAH). It has been observed that increasing the aspect ratio increases heat transmission and improves the thermal efficiency of the system. When an aspect ratio of 4:1 was used, LFSAH and PSAH attained the highest thermal efficiency, with percentages of 81.63% and 68.13%, respectively. The study’s findings provide useful information for improving the design and operation of LFSAH while keeping the aspect ratio as a critical variable in consideration. In the context of solar air heaters, optimizing the aspect ratio offers substantial benefits. By enhancing energy efficiency, it reduces reliance on fossil fuels and effectively minimizes air pollution. Additionally, this optimization contributes to water conservation and mitigates the risk of groundwater and surface water pollution. Furthermore, promoting energy-efficient heating systems helps mitigate soil contamination risks. Hence, the study underscores the importance of considering the aspect ratio in the design of louvered finned solar air heaters, providing valuable insights for the development of sustainable heating systems that foster a cleaner environment.
{"title":"Optimal Collector Aspect Ratio for Improving Thermal Efficiency of Louvered Finned Solar Air Heaters Using Nanoparticles","authors":"Subhash Chand, Mayank Srivastava, Priyanka Nimesh, Gopal Kaliyaperumal, Asheesh Sehgal, Praveen Kumar, Govindarasan Devarajan","doi":"10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2023-s3-008","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigated the effect of collector aspect ratio on the thermal performance of a louvered finned solar air heater (LFSAH) using nanoparticles. Analyses are performed on various collector aspect ratios and mass flow rates (MFR) to determine their impact on heat transfer and overall system performance. The findings reveal that changing the collector aspect ratio has significant effects on the thermal efficiency and heat transfer properties of a solar air heater (SAH). It has been observed that increasing the aspect ratio increases heat transmission and improves the thermal efficiency of the system. When an aspect ratio of 4:1 was used, LFSAH and PSAH attained the highest thermal efficiency, with percentages of 81.63% and 68.13%, respectively. The study’s findings provide useful information for improving the design and operation of LFSAH while keeping the aspect ratio as a critical variable in consideration. In the context of solar air heaters, optimizing the aspect ratio offers substantial benefits. By enhancing energy efficiency, it reduces reliance on fossil fuels and effectively minimizes air pollution. Additionally, this optimization contributes to water conservation and mitigates the risk of groundwater and surface water pollution. Furthermore, promoting energy-efficient heating systems helps mitigate soil contamination risks. Hence, the study underscores the importance of considering the aspect ratio in the design of louvered finned solar air heaters, providing valuable insights for the development of sustainable heating systems that foster a cleaner environment.","PeriodicalId":36802,"journal":{"name":"NanoWorld Journal","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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