Although a lesion of hidden hearing loss (HHL) has focused on the sprial ganglion, stimulation and recording parameters for auditory brainstem response (ABR) are not yet specific enough to confirm its dysfunction. In the current review, we identify ABR parameters, especially Wave I, for diagnosing HHL through both a systemic review and meta-analysis of 14 articles retrieved from seven journal data bases. The most commonly used parameters were a click or 4 kHz tone burst as the stimulus at a rate of less than 11/sec at more than 80 dB intensity levels with alternating polarity through the ear canal. For quantitative results, our meta-analysis from eight articles demonstrated a significant difference in the overall effect size for amplitude between HHL patients and their counterparts with normal hearing. For the subgroup and its analysis, tone burst and high intensity level revealed significantly lower effect size in HHL patients compared to the control group, whereas the stimuli rate and electrode montage statstically were not statistical significance. Although we examined a small number of studies and their heterogenity, obtaining ABR Wave I was clinically differentiated when noise-induced HHL was considered. We thus suggest that stimulation and recording parameters should be applied to a large number of patients and thereby standardized as sensitive features for Wave I in the clinic.
{"title":"Recommended Auditory Brainstem Responses to Stimulation and Recording Parameters for Hidden Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Yeoju Kim, Woojae Han","doi":"10.21848/asr.220086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220086","url":null,"abstract":"Although a lesion of hidden hearing loss (HHL) has focused on the sprial ganglion, stimulation and recording parameters for auditory brainstem response (ABR) are not yet specific enough to confirm its dysfunction. In the current review, we identify ABR parameters, especially Wave I, for diagnosing HHL through both a systemic review and meta-analysis of 14 articles retrieved from seven journal data bases. The most commonly used parameters were a click or 4 kHz tone burst as the stimulus at a rate of less than 11/sec at more than 80 dB intensity levels with alternating polarity through the ear canal. For quantitative results, our meta-analysis from eight articles demonstrated a significant difference in the overall effect size for amplitude between HHL patients and their counterparts with normal hearing. For the subgroup and its analysis, tone burst and high intensity level revealed significantly lower effect size in HHL patients compared to the control group, whereas the stimuli rate and electrode montage statstically were not statistical significance. Although we examined a small number of studies and their heterogenity, obtaining ABR Wave I was clinically differentiated when noise-induced HHL was considered. We thus suggest that stimulation and recording parameters should be applied to a large number of patients and thereby standardized as sensitive features for Wave I in the clinic.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88524820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of this study is to observe the importance of normal ear Eustachian Tube Function Test (ETFT) for unilateral Chronic Otitis Media (COM) and essential date on ETFT through Williams test (Y-266 Hz).Methods: Williams test Y-226 Hz is a test that can evaluate the function of the Eustachian tube only by controlling the pressure, and we retrospectively analyzed 182 otitis media patients who underwent surgery in Pusan National University Hospital. Three results obtained through the Williams test (Y-226 Hz) were classified according to categories and descriptive analysis was performed.Results: In the 182 subjects, 89 did not show changes in static compliance (SC) or had result bias. 1~5 daPa change in 6 (3.3%), 6~10 daPa change 17 (9.3%), 11~15 daPa change 18 (9.9%), 16~20 daPa change 22 (12.1%), 21~25 daPa change 5 (2.7%), 26~30 daPa change 5 (2.7%), 31~40 daPa change 4 (2.2%), 41~50 daPa change 6 (3.3%), 51~100 daPa change changes in 6 (3.3%) and the remaining 4 (2.2%) showed a change greater than 100 daPa. The mean standard SC value of 93 subjects with change was -4.9 daPa, and the mean value measured at positive pressure +400 daPa was -27.4 daPa. Additionally, the mean value measured at negative pressure -400 daPa was +22.9 daPa.Conclusion: Even if the contralateral eardrum appeared normal in the subjects who underwent COM, there were more cases of problems with the Eustachian tube. Normal ear ETFT is necessary for unilateral COM patients, and the Williams test is suitable as a criterion-referenced assessment.
{"title":"Eustachian Tube Function Test of Normal Ear in Patients with Unilateral Chronic Otitis Media","authors":"D. H. Lee, Min Sung Kim, M. Jang","doi":"10.21848/asr.220072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220072","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study is to observe the importance of normal ear Eustachian Tube Function Test (ETFT) for unilateral Chronic Otitis Media (COM) and essential date on ETFT through Williams test (Y-266 Hz).Methods: Williams test Y-226 Hz is a test that can evaluate the function of the Eustachian tube only by controlling the pressure, and we retrospectively analyzed 182 otitis media patients who underwent surgery in Pusan National University Hospital. Three results obtained through the Williams test (Y-226 Hz) were classified according to categories and descriptive analysis was performed.Results: In the 182 subjects, 89 did not show changes in static compliance (SC) or had result bias. 1~5 daPa change in 6 (3.3%), 6~10 daPa change 17 (9.3%), 11~15 daPa change 18 (9.9%), 16~20 daPa change 22 (12.1%), 21~25 daPa change 5 (2.7%), 26~30 daPa change 5 (2.7%), 31~40 daPa change 4 (2.2%), 41~50 daPa change 6 (3.3%), 51~100 daPa change changes in 6 (3.3%) and the remaining 4 (2.2%) showed a change greater than 100 daPa. The mean standard SC value of 93 subjects with change was -4.9 daPa, and the mean value measured at positive pressure +400 daPa was -27.4 daPa. Additionally, the mean value measured at negative pressure -400 daPa was +22.9 daPa.Conclusion: Even if the contralateral eardrum appeared normal in the subjects who underwent COM, there were more cases of problems with the Eustachian tube. Normal ear ETFT is necessary for unilateral COM patients, and the Williams test is suitable as a criterion-referenced assessment.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87668775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the research trends of papers published in ‘Audiology and Speech Research’ and to obtain implications for the direction of research.Methods: Data were collected from 2005 to 2022 articles research information sharing service (RISS) which is provided by Korea education and Korea Citation Index (KCI). After extracting and cleansing keywords, the frequency, centrality, and visualization data analysis for keywords were performed using KrKwic & NodeXL programs.Results: According to the results of keyword frequency analysis, ‘hearing aid’ showed the highest frequency, followed by ‘hearing loss’, ‘noise’, and ‘cochlear implant’, etc. As a result of the keyword centrality analysis, it was found that the centrality was particularly high in ‘hearing aid’, ‘hearing loss’, ‘word recognition’, ‘cochlear implant’, ‘sensorineural hearing loss’, ‘auditory training’, ‘aural rehabilitaion’.Conclusion: The results of this study will provide useful data for understanding current research trends in ASR and further suggesting new research directions in the field of audiology and speech pathology.
{"title":"A Study on Research Trends in 『Audiology and Speech Research』 Using Keyword Network Analysis","authors":"Soojin Cho, Tae-Gang Kim","doi":"10.21848/asr.220085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220085","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the research trends of papers published in ‘Audiology and Speech Research’ and to obtain implications for the direction of research.Methods: Data were collected from 2005 to 2022 articles research information sharing service (RISS) which is provided by Korea education and Korea Citation Index (KCI). After extracting and cleansing keywords, the frequency, centrality, and visualization data analysis for keywords were performed using KrKwic & NodeXL programs.Results: According to the results of keyword frequency analysis, ‘hearing aid’ showed the highest frequency, followed by ‘hearing loss’, ‘noise’, and ‘cochlear implant’, etc. As a result of the keyword centrality analysis, it was found that the centrality was particularly high in ‘hearing aid’, ‘hearing loss’, ‘word recognition’, ‘cochlear implant’, ‘sensorineural hearing loss’, ‘auditory training’, ‘aural rehabilitaion’.Conclusion: The results of this study will provide useful data for understanding current research trends in ASR and further suggesting new research directions in the field of audiology and speech pathology.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73025181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study was primarily to develop a self-reported questionnaire and a screening tool of the age-related hearing loss. The current study strived to develop its content and construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Age-Related Hearing Loss Questionnaire (ARHLQ).Methods: After considering a lot of factors of age-related hearing loss, 21 audiologists (age, 45 ± 11.13 to 46.7 ± 10.70 years, clinical experience period, 10 ± 7.7 to 13.4 ± 9.96 years) working at hearing aid centers or universities responded to a 5-point Likert questionnaire to evaluate the content validity. Content Validity Index (CVI) of each item was obtained and evaluated by the cut-off point of 0.75 indicating good content validity. Furthermore, the construct validity with factor analysis and the test-retest reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were evaluated.Results: Used by the cut-off point of 0.75 of CVI, the six items of the first ARHLQ and one item of the second ARHLQ were eliminated. The ARHLQ was twice revised based on the content validity and the elaboration of expression of each item. Finally, the 24 items were made and selected in the ARHLQ. The factor analysis confirmed the four factors such as communication difficulty (9 items), communication environment (5 items), emotion and others' reaction (6 items), and communication strategy (3 items). The factor analysis showed good construct validity and the test-retest reliability was at a high level.Conclusion: These results indicate that the ARHLQ is a useful screening tool to evaluate people with suspecting age-related hearing loss and for early identification for age-related hearing loss.
{"title":"Development of Age-Related Hearing Loss Questionnaire in Korean Elderly","authors":"Chul-Hee Choi","doi":"10.21848/asr.220088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220088","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was primarily to develop a self-reported questionnaire and a screening tool of the age-related hearing loss. The current study strived to develop its content and construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Age-Related Hearing Loss Questionnaire (ARHLQ).Methods: After considering a lot of factors of age-related hearing loss, 21 audiologists (age, 45 ± 11.13 to 46.7 ± 10.70 years, clinical experience period, 10 ± 7.7 to 13.4 ± 9.96 years) working at hearing aid centers or universities responded to a 5-point Likert questionnaire to evaluate the content validity. Content Validity Index (CVI) of each item was obtained and evaluated by the cut-off point of 0.75 indicating good content validity. Furthermore, the construct validity with factor analysis and the test-retest reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were evaluated.Results: Used by the cut-off point of 0.75 of CVI, the six items of the first ARHLQ and one item of the second ARHLQ were eliminated. The ARHLQ was twice revised based on the content validity and the elaboration of expression of each item. Finally, the 24 items were made and selected in the ARHLQ. The factor analysis confirmed the four factors such as communication difficulty (9 items), communication environment (5 items), emotion and others' reaction (6 items), and communication strategy (3 items). The factor analysis showed good construct validity and the test-retest reliability was at a high level.Conclusion: These results indicate that the ARHLQ is a useful screening tool to evaluate people with suspecting age-related hearing loss and for early identification for age-related hearing loss.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83082624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Hearing loss in the elderly is a common disorder which range from an undetectable degree of disability to profound alteration in the ability to function in society. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the impact of hearing loss and rehabilitation on the psychological well-being of the elderly.Method: Patients above 60 years complaining of hearing loss were evaluated for the otoscopic examination, audiological assessment, psychological assessment Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening (HHIE-S) version, and Global Mental Health Assessment (GMHA) tool. Data was statistically analyzed to determine the relationship between the hearing loss and psychological affection and the benefit after use of hearing aids and rehabilitation.Results: A total of 60 males and 50 females were taken into consideration. HHIE-S showed a significant relation with the severity of hearing loss in the initial assessment and also after remedial measures. GMHA also showed a significant statistical relationship with the severity of hearing loss after initial assessment and after remedial measures.Conclusion: The significant relation of HHIE-S and GMHA with the severity of hearing loss suggest that as the hearing loss increases there is a higher probability of an individual having psychological affection causing the social and emotional situational adjustments producing depression and anxiety. It is also concluded that early remedial measures provide substantial improvement in their quality of life.
{"title":"Impact of Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation on the Psychological Well-Being of the Elderly","authors":"N. Singh, Nikhil Gupta, Kasagani Veerabhadra Rao","doi":"10.21848/asr.220052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220052","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hearing loss in the elderly is a common disorder which range from an undetectable degree of disability to profound alteration in the ability to function in society. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the impact of hearing loss and rehabilitation on the psychological well-being of the elderly.Method: Patients above 60 years complaining of hearing loss were evaluated for the otoscopic examination, audiological assessment, psychological assessment Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening (HHIE-S) version, and Global Mental Health Assessment (GMHA) tool. Data was statistically analyzed to determine the relationship between the hearing loss and psychological affection and the benefit after use of hearing aids and rehabilitation.Results: A total of 60 males and 50 females were taken into consideration. HHIE-S showed a significant relation with the severity of hearing loss in the initial assessment and also after remedial measures. GMHA also showed a significant statistical relationship with the severity of hearing loss after initial assessment and after remedial measures.Conclusion: The significant relation of HHIE-S and GMHA with the severity of hearing loss suggest that as the hearing loss increases there is a higher probability of an individual having psychological affection causing the social and emotional situational adjustments producing depression and anxiety. It is also concluded that early remedial measures provide substantial improvement in their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76734270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting the need for identifying and ranking effective cognitivecommunication interventions.Methods: Databases were searched since 2005 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions for SCD. I reviewed systematically twenty researches and proposed the evidence based data, including their effect sizes using a meta-analysis method. Outcome measures included the domains of 12 cognitions and three communications.Results: The main findings were as follows. Firstly, intervention programs were designed diversely in a session or mode. Their main domains were general cognition, memory, language, etc. Secondly, the average effect size of cognitive-communication interventions was significant. Thirdly, most cognitive domains like processing speed, memory, working memory, and executive function were very effective and significant in the results of treatment. Lastly, naming and comprehension in communication had the significant effect sizes.Conclusion: These results provide evidence-based information to support cognitive-communication intervention for individuals with SCD. Given this, it is possible to facilitate the preventive interventions for SCD in clinical settings, warranting further research into effective elements of their approaches.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Cognitive-Communicative Intervention in Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"M. S. Lee","doi":"10.21848/asr.220054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220054","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease, highlighting the need for identifying and ranking effective cognitivecommunication interventions.Methods: Databases were searched since 2005 to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions for SCD. I reviewed systematically twenty researches and proposed the evidence based data, including their effect sizes using a meta-analysis method. Outcome measures included the domains of 12 cognitions and three communications.Results: The main findings were as follows. Firstly, intervention programs were designed diversely in a session or mode. Their main domains were general cognition, memory, language, etc. Secondly, the average effect size of cognitive-communication interventions was significant. Thirdly, most cognitive domains like processing speed, memory, working memory, and executive function were very effective and significant in the results of treatment. Lastly, naming and comprehension in communication had the significant effect sizes.Conclusion: These results provide evidence-based information to support cognitive-communication intervention for individuals with SCD. Given this, it is possible to facilitate the preventive interventions for SCD in clinical settings, warranting further research into effective elements of their approaches.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76185344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vestibular compensation is the process by which patients achieve functional recovery after vestibular lesions, and can be divided into static compensation and dynamic compensation. The first stage, static static compensation, consists of eliminating static symptoms (i.e., spontaneous nystagmus and skew deviation) by rebalancing the tonic neural activity in the vestibular nuclei. The second stage, dynamic compensation is much more subtle, takes longer, and involves a central recalibration of the response properties of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (i.e., timing and gain) in order to restore the compensatory actions of the VOR to pre-impairment levels. This review is to introduce the normal vestibular function in humans to understand the neurophysiology of vestibular compensation after vestibular lesions, and to review the effects of various types of lesions and the clinical findings in various stages of compensation after each type of lesion. Vestibular compensation is most effective for unilateral vestibular dysfunctions in which tonic neural activity of the vestibular nucleus is rebalanced to achieve static compensation. Adaptive changes in tonic neural activity occur in the normal vestibular pathways to achieve dynamic compensation. In other types of vestibular lesions, vestibular compensation is possible, but not as effective.
{"title":"Neurophysiology of Vestibular Compensation","authors":"Jin-Dong Kim","doi":"10.21848/asr.220082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220082","url":null,"abstract":"Vestibular compensation is the process by which patients achieve functional recovery after vestibular lesions, and can be divided into static compensation and dynamic compensation. The first stage, static static compensation, consists of eliminating static symptoms (i.e., spontaneous nystagmus and skew deviation) by rebalancing the tonic neural activity in the vestibular nuclei. The second stage, dynamic compensation is much more subtle, takes longer, and involves a central recalibration of the response properties of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (i.e., timing and gain) in order to restore the compensatory actions of the VOR to pre-impairment levels. This review is to introduce the normal vestibular function in humans to understand the neurophysiology of vestibular compensation after vestibular lesions, and to review the effects of various types of lesions and the clinical findings in various stages of compensation after each type of lesion. Vestibular compensation is most effective for unilateral vestibular dysfunctions in which tonic neural activity of the vestibular nucleus is rebalanced to achieve static compensation. Adaptive changes in tonic neural activity occur in the normal vestibular pathways to achieve dynamic compensation. In other types of vestibular lesions, vestibular compensation is possible, but not as effective.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74529297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the performance on a word-chain task across two age groups (youth: 20~39 years and middle-aged groups: 40~64 years).Methods: In the word-chain task, we analyzed the number of correct responses and reaction times (time from the final consonant/vowel of the previous word to the initial consonant/vowel of the second syllable of the next word). The correlation between the ability of word-chain task and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, Short form-Korean-Boston Naming Test, Korean-Trail Making Test-Elderly (K-TMT-E) (A,B) & Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) were analyzed.Results: The following results were obtained: (i) with increasing age, the number of the correct responses in the word-chain task’s (p < 0.001) and that of COWAT (p < 0.001) gradually declined; (ii) with increasing age, the number of DSC produced gradually declined (p < 0.001) and response time of K-TMT-E (A,B) also gradually increased; (iii) in both groups, the total number of correct responses of the word-chain task correlated with the number of correct responses of COWAT; (iv) the middle-aged group showed a correlation between the word-chain task and DSC.Conclusion: The ability on the word-chain task might reflect aging and cognitive changes in normal adults.
{"title":"Comparison of Word Production Ability of Young and Middle-Aged Adults Using Word-Chain Tasks","authors":"Joon Soo Shin, Y. Kim, J. Yoon","doi":"10.21848/asr.210046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.210046","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the performance on a word-chain task across two age groups (youth: 20~39 years and middle-aged groups: 40~64 years).Methods: In the word-chain task, we analyzed the number of correct responses and reaction times (time from the final consonant/vowel of the previous word to the initial consonant/vowel of the second syllable of the next word). The correlation between the ability of word-chain task and Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, Short form-Korean-Boston Naming Test, Korean-Trail Making Test-Elderly (K-TMT-E) (A,B) & Digit Symbol Coding (DSC) were analyzed.Results: The following results were obtained: (i) with increasing age, the number of the correct responses in the word-chain task’s (p < 0.001) and that of COWAT (p < 0.001) gradually declined; (ii) with increasing age, the number of DSC produced gradually declined (p < 0.001) and response time of K-TMT-E (A,B) also gradually increased; (iii) in both groups, the total number of correct responses of the word-chain task correlated with the number of correct responses of COWAT; (iv) the middle-aged group showed a correlation between the word-chain task and DSC.Conclusion: The ability on the word-chain task might reflect aging and cognitive changes in normal adults.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74549526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to compare nasalance scores of the experimental vowels, words and paragraphs with and without ‘Hypernasality Control Device (HCD)’ in adults with hypernasality. Three adults with a cerebrovascular attack or a Parkinson’s disease wore in HCD, were asked to read aloud the experimental vowels, words and paragraphs. Using a Nasometer, the nasalance scores were measured. In all experimental vowels, words and paragraphs, the nasalance scores with HCD were measured lower than those without HCD. These results showed that HCD played a role in regulating nasal resonance in adults with hypernasality. However, various modifications and trials of HCD are required for the adequate modulation of nasal resonance. Additional studies are also required for adults with various degrees of hypernasality.
{"title":"Comparison of Nasalance Scores with and without Hypernasality Control Device in Adults with Hypernasality: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Yun-Kyung Song","doi":"10.21848/asr.220075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.220075","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare nasalance scores of the experimental vowels, words and paragraphs with and without ‘Hypernasality Control Device (HCD)’ in adults with hypernasality. Three adults with a cerebrovascular attack or a Parkinson’s disease wore in HCD, were asked to read aloud the experimental vowels, words and paragraphs. Using a Nasometer, the nasalance scores were measured. In all experimental vowels, words and paragraphs, the nasalance scores with HCD were measured lower than those without HCD. These results showed that HCD played a role in regulating nasal resonance in adults with hypernasality. However, various modifications and trials of HCD are required for the adequate modulation of nasal resonance. Additional studies are also required for adults with various degrees of hypernasality.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77838201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han Sol Lee, J. Youn, J. H. Ahn, J. Cho, D. Na, J. Yoon
Purpose: Writing performance can be improved in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by providing the visual cues. This study aimed to investigate the changes in pen pressure, letter size, and writing speed as per levels of visual cues.Methods: Sixty-three participants (38 PD patients and 25 normal adults) performed tasks, including sentence writing along visual cue levels using a tablet personal computer, digital pen, and software that could measure the pen pressure, stroke length, and duration.Results: First, the PD group’s pen pressure and letter size were improved when the visual cue was provided. Second, the effect of visual cues was shown more in the performance of ‘writing within square blanks’ than in the performance of ‘copying’ and ‘writing between parallel lines’. Especially, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the letter size in ‘writing within square blanks’.Conclusion: Despite movement disorders in PD patients, our findings suggest that pen pressure and letter size can be improved when the patients are provided visual cues. Our results indicate that providing visual cues hierarchically and objectively confirms changes in writing performance.
{"title":"Changes in Pen Pressure, Letter Size, and Writing Speed According to Visual Cues in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Han Sol Lee, J. Youn, J. H. Ahn, J. Cho, D. Na, J. Yoon","doi":"10.21848/asr.210035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.210035","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Writing performance can be improved in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by providing the visual cues. This study aimed to investigate the changes in pen pressure, letter size, and writing speed as per levels of visual cues.Methods: Sixty-three participants (38 PD patients and 25 normal adults) performed tasks, including sentence writing along visual cue levels using a tablet personal computer, digital pen, and software that could measure the pen pressure, stroke length, and duration.Results: First, the PD group’s pen pressure and letter size were improved when the visual cue was provided. Second, the effect of visual cues was shown more in the performance of ‘writing within square blanks’ than in the performance of ‘copying’ and ‘writing between parallel lines’. Especially, there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the letter size in ‘writing within square blanks’.Conclusion: Despite movement disorders in PD patients, our findings suggest that pen pressure and letter size can be improved when the patients are provided visual cues. Our results indicate that providing visual cues hierarchically and objectively confirms changes in writing performance.","PeriodicalId":36841,"journal":{"name":"Audiology and Speech Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84150217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：