Pub Date : 2022-03-24DOI: 10.55493/5005.v12i2.4451
I. F, Nawi Nm, M. N, Ramli Nn, Uddin Mt
Farmers are currently moving toward business relationships and forming close ties with business partners in the supply chain. Close business ties reduce costs, enhance efficiency, improve profit, increase competitive advantage and build personal relationships. Utilizing strategic relationship elements such as trust and communication has significant importance for farmers and marketers. This study assessed the influence of trust and communication on farm performance of paddy farmers’ in Bangladesh. Data was collected through quantitative survey-based interviews with 356 farmers from the Mymensingh District, Bangladesh. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the farmers’ demographic details and exchange relationship with their preferred paddy buyer. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that trust and communication contributed to promoting paddy farmers’ farm performance, especially profit, sales, and cash flow growth. The study findings offer farmers a basis for developing long-term business relationships by applying trust and communication to establish, maintain, and enhance farm performance.
{"title":"Trust and Communication Influence on Farm Performance for Paddy Farmers: A Study in Bangladesh","authors":"I. F, Nawi Nm, M. N, Ramli Nn, Uddin Mt","doi":"10.55493/5005.v12i2.4451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i2.4451","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers are currently moving toward business relationships and forming close ties with business partners in the supply chain. Close business ties reduce costs, enhance efficiency, improve profit, increase competitive advantage and build personal relationships. Utilizing strategic relationship elements such as trust and communication has significant importance for farmers and marketers. This study assessed the influence of trust and communication on farm performance of paddy farmers’ in Bangladesh. Data was collected through quantitative survey-based interviews with 356 farmers from the Mymensingh District, Bangladesh. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the farmers’ demographic details and exchange relationship with their preferred paddy buyer. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that trust and communication contributed to promoting paddy farmers’ farm performance, especially profit, sales, and cash flow growth. The study findings offer farmers a basis for developing long-term business relationships by applying trust and communication to establish, maintain, and enhance farm performance.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73764869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.55493/5005.v12i2.4444
Nguyen Thai Phan, I. Pabuayon, N. D. Kien, Truong Quang Dung, Hoai An Le Thi, N. C. Dinh
Shrimp farmers in Vietnam respond passively to market risks, such as input and output price shocks. This study provides a better understanding of market risks, risk management strategies adopted by shrimp farmers, the factors driving their choice of strategies, and how such strategies affect farm performance. Random sampling was used to collect information from a sample of 246 shrimp farmers. Several analytical methods were combined, including descriptive analysis, coefficient of variance estimation for market risks, and a logistic regression model to uncover factors behind farmers’ decisions to adopt risk management strategies. To cope with market risks, shrimp farmers frequently adopt two risk management strategies: changes in farming technology and practices, and agricultural input contracts. Overall, 54.9% of shrimp farmers only used a single strategy, whereas the others used combined risk management strategies. Age, farm size, membership in a farmers association, participation in training, gender, price of output, price of seed, price of fertilizer, distance from farm to the market center, and shrimp type were identified as factors driving the probability of using combined risk management strategies.
{"title":"Factors Driving the Adoption of Coping Strategies to Market Risks of Shrimp Farmers: A Case Study in a Coastal Province of Vietnam","authors":"Nguyen Thai Phan, I. Pabuayon, N. D. Kien, Truong Quang Dung, Hoai An Le Thi, N. C. Dinh","doi":"10.55493/5005.v12i2.4444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i2.4444","url":null,"abstract":"Shrimp farmers in Vietnam respond passively to market risks, such as input and output price shocks. This study provides a better understanding of market risks, risk management strategies adopted by shrimp farmers, the factors driving their choice of strategies, and how such strategies affect farm performance. Random sampling was used to collect information from a sample of 246 shrimp farmers. Several analytical methods were combined, including descriptive analysis, coefficient of variance estimation for market risks, and a logistic regression model to uncover factors behind farmers’ decisions to adopt risk management strategies. To cope with market risks, shrimp farmers frequently adopt two risk management strategies: changes in farming technology and practices, and agricultural input contracts. Overall, 54.9% of shrimp farmers only used a single strategy, whereas the others used combined risk management strategies. Age, farm size, membership in a farmers association, participation in training, gender, price of output, price of seed, price of fertilizer, distance from farm to the market center, and shrimp type were identified as factors driving the probability of using combined risk management strategies.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"11 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78793898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-08DOI: 10.55493/5005.v12i2.4434
S. Darma, Y. P. Hakim, E. A., D. Darma, S. Suparjo
The cause of market failure is the lack of synchronization between supply and demand, or vice versa. Initially, corn was considered as a substitute and a complementary commodity for food, but now it has turned into a basic need for people in Indonesia, especially when they celebrate the new year. The main aim of this study is to examine the interaction between the demand side and the supply side. The study was carried out by inviting 9,850 respondents in Samarinda City to be surveyed regarding interest, tradition, taste, price, opportunity, profit, production cost, and distribution. Empirical testing was used to interpret the data, including correlation, reliability, and validity. Constructive validity was found in the market behavior function, where the indicators of consumer demand (p < 0.01) and produce supply (p < 0.01) have a significant effect. Also highlighted were production cost and distribution, both of which have a positive channel and are closely related to the other six indicators. The consistent performance of production cost and distribution supported further evidence providing stability of measurement results. Additionally, tradition and opportunity also produced high coefficients in the reliability test. We can further examine empirical results by including other dimensions, such as social, psychological and individual factors. In addition, diagnostic transformations need to be highlighted where market trends can change along with the growth of other commodities.
{"title":"Understanding Market Behavior on Corn Commodity: Phenomenon at Year End","authors":"S. Darma, Y. P. Hakim, E. A., D. Darma, S. Suparjo","doi":"10.55493/5005.v12i2.4434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i2.4434","url":null,"abstract":"The cause of market failure is the lack of synchronization between supply and demand, or vice versa. Initially, corn was considered as a substitute and a complementary commodity for food, but now it has turned into a basic need for people in Indonesia, especially when they celebrate the new year. The main aim of this study is to examine the interaction between the demand side and the supply side. The study was carried out by inviting 9,850 respondents in Samarinda City to be surveyed regarding interest, tradition, taste, price, opportunity, profit, production cost, and distribution. Empirical testing was used to interpret the data, including correlation, reliability, and validity. Constructive validity was found in the market behavior function, where the indicators of consumer demand (p < 0.01) and produce supply (p < 0.01) have a significant effect. Also highlighted were production cost and distribution, both of which have a positive channel and are closely related to the other six indicators. The consistent performance of production cost and distribution supported further evidence providing stability of measurement results. Additionally, tradition and opportunity also produced high coefficients in the reliability test. We can further examine empirical results by including other dimensions, such as social, psychological and individual factors. In addition, diagnostic transformations need to be highlighted where market trends can change along with the growth of other commodities.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79157944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.55493/5005.v12i1.4428
Oyeagu Chika Ethelbert, I. Chinasa, Falowo Andrew Bamidele, Akuru Eunice Amaka, Adetunji Adewole Tomiwa, Lewu Francis Bayo, Y. Hosu, Idamokoro Emrobowansan Monday
A survey of rural turkey farmers was conducted in three villages in the Eastern part of Nigeria, namely: Amukwa, Amaeze and Nguru. The aim of the study was to assess the prevailing management and production practices of turkey farmers in the area. Information obtained included flock size, reasons for keeping birds, breeding and management practices among others. The multi-stage random sampling method was used to collect information from 180 respondents. Results obtained revealed variability in response among flock sizes (1–20), with most (90%) respondents being part-time farmers. Mean scores, in terms of the level of adoption of standard management practices by turkey farmers, were given as cleaning and disinfection of pen before restocking ( x= 4.60), removal of droppings (x = 4.57), and changing and replacement of litters ( x= 4.4). Beak trimming ( x= 1.27) was the lowest-ranked farm practice by farmers. It was concluded that the management practices and production of turkey in the study area are below standard when compared to those in developed societies. Adequate support for farmers in terms of finance and regular training, among others, by relevant agencies including the government may help improve the production of turkey in the area.
{"title":"Assessment of Turkey Farming Management Practices by Small-Scale Rural Farmers in Eastern Nigeria","authors":"Oyeagu Chika Ethelbert, I. Chinasa, Falowo Andrew Bamidele, Akuru Eunice Amaka, Adetunji Adewole Tomiwa, Lewu Francis Bayo, Y. Hosu, Idamokoro Emrobowansan Monday","doi":"10.55493/5005.v12i1.4428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i1.4428","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of rural turkey farmers was conducted in three villages in the Eastern part of Nigeria, namely: Amukwa, Amaeze and Nguru. The aim of the study was to assess the prevailing management and production practices of turkey farmers in the area. Information obtained included flock size, reasons for keeping birds, breeding and management practices among others. The multi-stage random sampling method was used to collect information from 180 respondents. Results obtained revealed variability in response among flock sizes (1–20), with most (90%) respondents being part-time farmers. Mean scores, in terms of the level of adoption of standard management practices by turkey farmers, were given as cleaning and disinfection of pen before restocking ( x= 4.60), removal of droppings (x = 4.57), and changing and replacement of litters ( x= 4.4). Beak trimming ( x= 1.27) was the lowest-ranked farm practice by farmers. It was concluded that the management practices and production of turkey in the study area are below standard when compared to those in developed societies. Adequate support for farmers in terms of finance and regular training, among others, by relevant agencies including the government may help improve the production of turkey in the area.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85046569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.55493/5005.v12i1.4429
Tien Dung Khong
Despite policy reforms and the integration of various linkages in rice production by the Vietnamese government, small-scale farmers' (small farmers’) access to the market is limited. A value chain link is a powerful tool for improving small farmers' market access and competitiveness. The benefits of horizontal and vertical coordination on farm household performance were investigated using a dataset of 160 farmers. Twenty-two stakeholders were also directly interviewed to analyze the value chain and farmers' access to markets in the Mekong River Delta, where 75% of people live in rural areas and contribute to 90% Vietnam's total rice production. According to our findings, farmers' profits are higher than in the past and total chain economic value is more efficient when farmers participate in vertical or horizontal coordination. Logit regression revealed that the determinants of farmers' decision to participate in cooperatives are training and expected benefits obtained from cooperatives. As a result, collective actions, such as contracting firms and cooperative engagement, are required to assist farmers in accessing the market. The findings also show that participation in value chain links, coordination, and integration benefits food companies significantly. However, financial assistance and insurance are required to adequately cover farmers' production costs and secure contract firms. Furthermore, a written contract should be made to strengthen the value chain. Cooperatives or farmers' organizations can be used as intermediaries to improve vertical and horizontal coordination by establishing links between small farmers and other market stakeholders.
{"title":"Vertical and Horizontal Coordination in Developing Countries’ Agriculture: Evidence from Vietnam and Implications","authors":"Tien Dung Khong","doi":"10.55493/5005.v12i1.4429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i1.4429","url":null,"abstract":"Despite policy reforms and the integration of various linkages in rice production by the Vietnamese government, small-scale farmers' (small farmers’) access to the market is limited. A value chain link is a powerful tool for improving small farmers' market access and competitiveness. The benefits of horizontal and vertical coordination on farm household performance were investigated using a dataset of 160 farmers. Twenty-two stakeholders were also directly interviewed to analyze the value chain and farmers' access to markets in the Mekong River Delta, where 75% of people live in rural areas and contribute to 90% Vietnam's total rice production. According to our findings, farmers' profits are higher than in the past and total chain economic value is more efficient when farmers participate in vertical or horizontal coordination. Logit regression revealed that the determinants of farmers' decision to participate in cooperatives are training and expected benefits obtained from cooperatives. As a result, collective actions, such as contracting firms and cooperative engagement, are required to assist farmers in accessing the market. The findings also show that participation in value chain links, coordination, and integration benefits food companies significantly. However, financial assistance and insurance are required to adequately cover farmers' production costs and secure contract firms. Furthermore, a written contract should be made to strengthen the value chain. Cooperatives or farmers' organizations can be used as intermediaries to improve vertical and horizontal coordination by establishing links between small farmers and other market stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90378407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-14DOI: 10.18488/5005.v12i1.4421
Sathyapriya E, M. Vengateswari, R. R. Priya, Reeba Jacob, A. M
Agriculture is one of the major sectors affected by climate change, and farmers are having to adapt rapidly to overcome the risks. However, farmers face many struggles because of lack of awareness and experience of new methods. Understanding farmers’ constraints and adaptation strategies is very important for the implementation of adequate policies for agricultural and food security. Hence, this research aims to investigate the consequences faced by farmers due to livelihood diversification and suggestions to overcome. Data were collected from 240 respondents in Tamil Nadu, India by a thorough survey method with the help of a pretested, well-structured interview schedule. Percentage analysis is an appropriate method that gives answers to how many respondents give a particular response. The Garratt ranking technique was used to study the preferences and change in priority of consequences encountered by farmers–and the potential advantages–into numerical scores. The Z test was used to determine whether two population means are different with the same variance. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. The results show that the majority of farmers reported concerns regarding constraints such as lack of previous experience, poor family support, and involvement of risk factors. The survey reveals that Tamil Nadu farmers suggested the conducting of specific training, encouraging livestock management and providing subsidies for agricultural and allied enterprise development as strategies to overcome the constraints of livelihood diversification. The Z test results indicated that there is a difference between irrigated and nonirrigated farms with respect to farmers’ age, educational status, level of income, occupation, and awareness of climate change. The suggestions offered help policymakers develop suitable policies.
{"title":"What are the Consequences of Livelihood Diversification, and what Solutions are Suggested? Findings from Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Sathyapriya E, M. Vengateswari, R. R. Priya, Reeba Jacob, A. M","doi":"10.18488/5005.v12i1.4421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/5005.v12i1.4421","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is one of the major sectors affected by climate change, and farmers are having to adapt rapidly to overcome the risks. However, farmers face many struggles because of lack of awareness and experience of new methods. Understanding farmers’ constraints and adaptation strategies is very important for the implementation of adequate policies for agricultural and food security. Hence, this research aims to investigate the consequences faced by farmers due to livelihood diversification and suggestions to overcome. Data were collected from 240 respondents in Tamil Nadu, India by a thorough survey method with the help of a pretested, well-structured interview schedule. Percentage analysis is an appropriate method that gives answers to how many respondents give a particular response. The Garratt ranking technique was used to study the preferences and change in priority of consequences encountered by farmers–and the potential advantages–into numerical scores. The Z test was used to determine whether two population means are different with the same variance. Data analysis was done using SPSS software. The results show that the majority of farmers reported concerns regarding constraints such as lack of previous experience, poor family support, and involvement of risk factors. The survey reveals that Tamil Nadu farmers suggested the conducting of specific training, encouraging livestock management and providing subsidies for agricultural and allied enterprise development as strategies to overcome the constraints of livelihood diversification. The Z test results indicated that there is a difference between irrigated and nonirrigated farms with respect to farmers’ age, educational status, level of income, occupation, and awareness of climate change. The suggestions offered help policymakers develop suitable policies.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"10 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79674945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.18488/5005.v12i1.4412
Idamokoro Emrobowansan Monday, Y. Hosu
The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and seasonal distribution of Staphylococcus species on a medium-scale dairy farm and investigate their antimicrobial sensitivity with selected standard antibiotics. Several biochemical tests with the API staph kits were utilized to recognize the presence of micro-bacteria in the milk a species level. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated following the approved Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. In total, 217 samples of milk were cultured for bacterial tests over nine months. Of the 217 milk samples analyzed, 13 varied Staphylococcus species were identified from the 86 (39.63%) positive isolates. Of the identified isolates, Staphylococcus xylosus (22.09%), Staphylococcus hominis (15.11%), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (11.63%) were the most common. Bacteria species that showed resistance to the 15 different antimicrobial agents used in this study included Staphylococcus xylosus (80%), Staphylococcus sciuri (60%), Staphylococcus aureus (53.33%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (46.67%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (46.67%), and Staphylococcus chromogenes (40%). The results found a high incident rate and multiple Staphylococcus species resistant to antimicrobial drugs like penicillin and ampicillin, which are utilized on the farm, which calls for drastic measures.
{"title":"Seasonal Distribution, Antimicrobial Activity, and Risk Factors Associated with the Incidence of Staphylococcus Species in Bovine Milk from a Dairy Farm in Eastern Cape, South Africa","authors":"Idamokoro Emrobowansan Monday, Y. Hosu","doi":"10.18488/5005.v12i1.4412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/5005.v12i1.4412","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and seasonal distribution of Staphylococcus species on a medium-scale dairy farm and investigate their antimicrobial sensitivity with selected standard antibiotics. Several biochemical tests with the API staph kits were utilized to recognize the presence of micro-bacteria in the milk a species level. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated following the approved Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. In total, 217 samples of milk were cultured for bacterial tests over nine months. Of the 217 milk samples analyzed, 13 varied Staphylococcus species were identified from the 86 (39.63%) positive isolates. Of the identified isolates, Staphylococcus xylosus (22.09%), Staphylococcus hominis (15.11%), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (11.63%) were the most common. Bacteria species that showed resistance to the 15 different antimicrobial agents used in this study included Staphylococcus xylosus (80%), Staphylococcus sciuri (60%), Staphylococcus aureus (53.33%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (46.67%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (46.67%), and Staphylococcus chromogenes (40%). The results found a high incident rate and multiple Staphylococcus species resistant to antimicrobial drugs like penicillin and ampicillin, which are utilized on the farm, which calls for drastic measures.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83310763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.18488/5005.v12i1.4391
I. Wulansari, O. Abdoellah, B. Gunawan, Parikesit
Collective adaptation is a relevant discussion in association with the limited adaptive capacity of farmers to deal with climate change. This study aims to improve the collective adaptation of farmers through the identification of adaptive capacity assessments. A collective adaptation mechanism in the form of planning for rice planting time has succeeded in reducing the vulnerability of farmers. This study was conducted at a rice production center with a collective adaptation mechanism in Indramayu District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The data were collected using a quantitative method through a questionnaire distributed to 296 farmer respondents and a qualitative method through structured interviews. The observations provided an overview for authors to build structured interviews. The results of the study show that the adaptive capacity of farmers is supported by social capital and collective adaptation mechanisms of farmers consisting of trust in the formal leaders, quality of collective decisions, and planning capacity. The results of this study contribute to the implementation of public policies in order to support the successful implementation of adaptation strategies to deal with climate change in accordance with the needs of farmers.
{"title":"Identification of Adaptive Capacity Assessments to Improve Collective Adaptation of Farmers to Climate Change","authors":"I. Wulansari, O. Abdoellah, B. Gunawan, Parikesit","doi":"10.18488/5005.v12i1.4391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/5005.v12i1.4391","url":null,"abstract":"Collective adaptation is a relevant discussion in association with the limited adaptive capacity of farmers to deal with climate change. This study aims to improve the collective adaptation of farmers through the identification of adaptive capacity assessments. A collective adaptation mechanism in the form of planning for rice planting time has succeeded in reducing the vulnerability of farmers. This study was conducted at a rice production center with a collective adaptation mechanism in Indramayu District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The data were collected using a quantitative method through a questionnaire distributed to 296 farmer respondents and a qualitative method through structured interviews. The observations provided an overview for authors to build structured interviews. The results of the study show that the adaptive capacity of farmers is supported by social capital and collective adaptation mechanisms of farmers consisting of trust in the formal leaders, quality of collective decisions, and planning capacity. The results of this study contribute to the implementation of public policies in order to support the successful implementation of adaptation strategies to deal with climate change in accordance with the needs of farmers.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73883794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.18488/journal.ajard.2021.114.320.326
Abera Gayesa Tirfi, A. Oyekale
Climate change is among the major challenges to sustainable agricultural production in Ethiopia. Production of cereal crops, especially maize, is very responsive to changes in rainfall and temperature, as climatic parameters influencing productivity. This paper analyzes how climatic and other variables affect the supply of maize in Ethiopia. The data were obtained from secondary sources and cover the period 1981–2018. Data were analyzed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC), and Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion (HQ) were used to select the optimum number of lags. In order to detect whether unit root is present in the series, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) tests were carried out. The presence of long-run equilibrium was found between maize output and temperature, rainfall, and other included variables. The results show that, in both the long and shortrun, all included climatic variables had a negative relationship with maize output supply, although temperature showed statistical insignificance (P>0.10). The result showed that maize crops are highly sensitive to extremes of rainfall – both shortage in the initial growing period and excessin the vegetative and fruiting stages. It was concluded that farmers face climate-related risk due to variations, particularly in rainfall. Therefore, farmers should adapt by using short-duration and climate-tolerant varieties of maize, along with engagement with eco-friendly production systems.
{"title":"Maize Output Supply Response to Climatic and other Input Variables in Ethiopia","authors":"Abera Gayesa Tirfi, A. Oyekale","doi":"10.18488/journal.ajard.2021.114.320.326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.ajard.2021.114.320.326","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is among the major challenges to sustainable agricultural production in Ethiopia. Production of cereal crops, especially maize, is very responsive to changes in rainfall and temperature, as climatic parameters influencing productivity. This paper analyzes how climatic and other variables affect the supply of maize in Ethiopia. The data were obtained from secondary sources and cover the period 1981–2018. Data were analyzed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC), and Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion (HQ) were used to select the optimum number of lags. In order to detect whether unit root is present in the series, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) tests were carried out. The presence of long-run equilibrium was found between maize output and temperature, rainfall, and other included variables. The results show that, in both the long and shortrun, all included climatic variables had a negative relationship with maize output supply, although temperature showed statistical insignificance (P>0.10). The result showed that maize crops are highly sensitive to extremes of rainfall – both shortage in the initial growing period and excessin the vegetative and fruiting stages. It was concluded that farmers face climate-related risk due to variations, particularly in rainfall. Therefore, farmers should adapt by using short-duration and climate-tolerant varieties of maize, along with engagement with eco-friendly production systems.","PeriodicalId":36876,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76564351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.18488/journal.ajard.2021.114.327.333
Pham Thi Mai, Hoang Thi Thuy Ha, Bui Thi Suu, L. Thao, Nguyen Thi Kim Quyen, Tran Dinh Toan, V. Lien, Yamakawa Rei
In this research, the repellent activity of five Lamiaceae essential oils, Agastache rugosa, Elsholtzia blanda, Elsholtzia ciliata, Elsholtzia penduliflora, and Plectranthus ovatus, was evaluated against sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius using a two-choice test between the essential oil-treated filter paper and the control. E. blanda and A. rugosa essential oils have some sweet potato weevil attractant properties at low dose (<47.16 nl/cm2),while N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), P. ovatus, E. penduliflora, and E.ciliata essential oils have repellent properties at doses ranging from 15.72 nl/cm2 to 196.49 nl/cm2. The effect of type of essential oil and their dose were interactively associated with repellent efficacy. There was a increase in repellent efficacy as the dose increased for all essential oils. The repellent activities of P. ovatus essential oil and E. penduliflora were higher than the others, and the repellent effects of E. ciliata essential oil and DEET were more dose-dependent than others, indicating that at low dose, P. ovatus and E. penduliflora essential oils have stronger repellent efficacy, but at higher dose DEET and E. ciliata have greater effects. Our findings clearly demonstrate that P. ovatus, E. penduliflora, and E. ciliata essential oils are candidate materials for future investigation as repellent compounds against sweet potato weevil control.
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