Pub Date : 2007-04-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692943
H. Bonakdari, F. Larrarte, C. Joannis
ABSTRACT More and more measurement devices are implemented in sewer networks in order to achieves various kind of purposes. Selecting sections for conducting these measurements may prove difficult, as the efficiency of available devices strongly rely on hydraulic conditions. The current research project uses numerical and experimental investigations in order to improve the representativeness of the measurements made in sewer networks by taking account of each site specificities. Our purpose is to create an aid for designing the instrumentation of sewer sections. This paper presents the application to the velocity fields downstream of a bend.
{"title":"Coude et champs de vitesses en réseaux d'assainissement","authors":"H. Bonakdari, F. Larrarte, C. Joannis","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692943","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT More and more measurement devices are implemented in sewer networks in order to achieves various kind of purposes. Selecting sections for conducting these measurements may prove difficult, as the efficiency of available devices strongly rely on hydraulic conditions. The current research project uses numerical and experimental investigations in order to improve the representativeness of the measurements made in sewer networks by taking account of each site specificities. Our purpose is to create an aid for designing the instrumentation of sewer sections. This paper presents the application to the velocity fields downstream of a bend.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128964081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-04-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692936
Christian La Borderie, Claire Lawrence, Abdellah Menou
ABSTRACT The macroscopic modeling of the mechanical behavior of concrete has much evolved, and the current models enable us to take into account increasingly complex phenomena. In spite of that, and particularly when coupled phenomena are concerned, the various scales present in the structure of material are badly represented by this kind of approach. The modeling of the material structure at the scale of the sand grain (mesoscopic) coupled with nonlinear computation methods makes it possible to take into account complex phenomena. The mesoscopic models for the concrete often idealize the geometry of inclusions by spheres or discs. This study is focused on the role of the acuracy of the geometrical representation of inclusions or aggregates on the results provided by the model.
{"title":"Approche mésoscopique du comportement du béton","authors":"Christian La Borderie, Claire Lawrence, Abdellah Menou","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692936","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The macroscopic modeling of the mechanical behavior of concrete has much evolved, and the current models enable us to take into account increasingly complex phenomena. In spite of that, and particularly when coupled phenomena are concerned, the various scales present in the structure of material are badly represented by this kind of approach. The modeling of the material structure at the scale of the sand grain (mesoscopic) coupled with nonlinear computation methods makes it possible to take into account complex phenomena. The mesoscopic models for the concrete often idealize the geometry of inclusions by spheres or discs. This study is focused on the role of the acuracy of the geometrical representation of inclusions or aggregates on the results provided by the model.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692934
J. Dubé, Nicolas Angellier
ABSTRACT The structures of tensegrity are structures in equilibrium by an initial stress state. This stress state is the composition of elementary selfstress states which form a base. In order to identify the stress state of the structure, a nondestructive method based on the vibratory analysis has been used. The structure is subjected to a sinewave excitation for a given frequency. It appears that certain frequencies allow better an identification than others. This study tries to establish a relation between eigen mode, selfstress state and effectiveness of the identification. The article is based on a plane double layer tensegrity grid having six elementary selfstress states. The numerical simulations show the utility of the study for the identification of this structure.
{"title":"Corrélation entre modes propres et identification de l'état de contrainte d'une structure de tenségrité","authors":"J. Dubé, Nicolas Angellier","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692934","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The structures of tensegrity are structures in equilibrium by an initial stress state. This stress state is the composition of elementary selfstress states which form a base. In order to identify the stress state of the structure, a nondestructive method based on the vibratory analysis has been used. The structure is subjected to a sinewave excitation for a given frequency. It appears that certain frequencies allow better an identification than others. This study tries to establish a relation between eigen mode, selfstress state and effectiveness of the identification. The article is based on a plane double layer tensegrity grid having six elementary selfstress states. The numerical simulations show the utility of the study for the identification of this structure.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"47 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134529743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692931
P. Bisch
ABSTRACT This article deals with elastic instabilities of arches and rings. The proposed approach is based on the Principle of Virtual Powers, which leads to express the equilibrium equations on the deformed geometry, these equations being projected on the local axis of the undeformed geometry. It is important to well precise the hypothesis concerning the orders of magnitude in the frame of the small perturbations analysis, which leads to appropriate approximations. The general case is analysed, as well as the case of the funicular arches. A resolution method is proposed and used for the resolution of some examples. To highlight certain difficulties, the classical case of the ring submitted to pressure is detailed in particular, which leads to confirm the value of the critical pressure given by Timoshenko. This focuses on the precautions which should be taken in the analysis of the instabilities of a structure submitted to pressure, when using a finite element analysis.
{"title":"Quelques considérations sur le flambement des anneaux et des arcs","authors":"P. Bisch","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692931","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article deals with elastic instabilities of arches and rings. The proposed approach is based on the Principle of Virtual Powers, which leads to express the equilibrium equations on the deformed geometry, these equations being projected on the local axis of the undeformed geometry. It is important to well precise the hypothesis concerning the orders of magnitude in the frame of the small perturbations analysis, which leads to appropriate approximations. The general case is analysed, as well as the case of the funicular arches. A resolution method is proposed and used for the resolution of some examples. To highlight certain difficulties, the classical case of the ring submitted to pressure is detailed in particular, which leads to confirm the value of the critical pressure given by Timoshenko. This focuses on the precautions which should be taken in the analysis of the instabilities of a structure submitted to pressure, when using a finite element analysis.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"4 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132147925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692932
P. Bisch, A. Coin, N. Ile, Panagiotis Kotronis, J. Mazars, X. Nguyen, J. Reynouard
ABSTRACT This article presents a research programme carried out around a test on a shaking table at LNEC Lisbon. The model (scaled 1/3) is representative of a cell of building with slightly reinforced concrete structural walls. In the first part, the presentation, the realisation and the analysis of the test are exposed, showing that the followed design philosophy is adequate. In the second part, two types of finite element modelling are presented (a refined and simplified one). They prove the know-how acquired in this field giving access to a reliable simulation of the phenomena and to a fine analysis of the local and global behaviour of the structure.
{"title":"Performance sismique des structures à murs banchés","authors":"P. Bisch, A. Coin, N. Ile, Panagiotis Kotronis, J. Mazars, X. Nguyen, J. Reynouard","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692932","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents a research programme carried out around a test on a shaking table at LNEC Lisbon. The model (scaled 1/3) is representative of a cell of building with slightly reinforced concrete structural walls. In the first part, the presentation, the realisation and the analysis of the test are exposed, showing that the followed design philosophy is adequate. In the second part, two types of finite element modelling are presented (a refined and simplified one). They prove the know-how acquired in this field giving access to a reliable simulation of the phenomena and to a fine analysis of the local and global behaviour of the structure.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130416973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692933
C. Leo, H. Wong
ABSTRACT Closed form solutions of contaminant transport from a finite diminishing surface source into a semi-infinite soil with non-equilibrium time dependent sorption have been developed and presented in this paper. The solutions extend earlier closed form solutions by Booker et al., (1987) and Lapidus et al., (1952). Also presented are corresponding closed form Laplace transform solutions; these will yield the(semi-analytical solutions in real space and time after numerical inversion. A series of parametric studies has been undertaken to show the effects of parameters variations corresponding to changes in the physical processes.
摘要:本文发展并提出了污染物从有限的逐渐减少的表面源进入具有非平衡时间依赖吸附的半无限土壤的封闭形式解。这些解扩展了Booker et al.(1987)和Lapidus et al.(1952)的早期闭形式解。并给出了相应的闭型拉普拉斯变换解;这将得到数值反演后在实际空间和时间上的半解析解。已经进行了一系列参数研究，以显示相应于物理过程变化的参数变化的影响。
{"title":"Closed form solutions of contaminant transport into semi-infinite soil with non-equilibrium sorption from a finite diminishing surface source","authors":"C. Leo, H. Wong","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692933","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Closed form solutions of contaminant transport from a finite diminishing surface source into a semi-infinite soil with non-equilibrium time dependent sorption have been developed and presented in this paper. The solutions extend earlier closed form solutions by Booker et al., (1987) and Lapidus et al., (1952). Also presented are corresponding closed form Laplace transform solutions; these will yield the(semi-analytical solutions in real space and time after numerical inversion. A series of parametric studies has been undertaken to show the effects of parameters variations corresponding to changes in the physical processes.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133732260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692928
Philippe Turcry, S. Bonnet, G. Pijaudier-Cabot
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to predict the mechanical behaviour of beams which were in sea water for 40 years. Mechanical experimentations were carried out after inspection of beams: loading in four-point bending and loading in direct tension. The mechanical behaviour of the beams is modelled before and after being corroded, with the software Eficos. The steel corrosion is taken into account only by a reduction in steel cross section because steels have no anchorage. A good correlation is obtained between simulations and experimental results for bending in the case of reinforced concrete.
{"title":"Comportement mécanique de poutres attaquées par la corrosion","authors":"Philippe Turcry, S. Bonnet, G. Pijaudier-Cabot","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692928","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to predict the mechanical behaviour of beams which were in sea water for 40 years. Mechanical experimentations were carried out after inspection of beams: loading in four-point bending and loading in direct tension. The mechanical behaviour of the beams is modelled before and after being corroded, with the software Eficos. The steel corrosion is taken into account only by a reduction in steel cross section because steels have no anchorage. A good correlation is obtained between simulations and experimental results for bending in the case of reinforced concrete.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126795302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692921
O. Poupard, V. L'Hostis, V. Bouteiller, B. Capra, S. Catinaud, Daniel Francois, Jean-Luc Garciaz, S. Laurens, Luping Tang, G. Olivier, G. Taché
ABSTRACT This paper describes the detailed experimental program of the French national project “benchmark des poutres de la Rance”. It presents a corrosion diagnosis of prestressed beams after 40 years exposure in natural marine environment. It includes results from non destructive testing tools, complementary laboratory tests and destructive analyses. This project will provide a large database on the corrosion state of reinforced concrete beams after 40 years exposure in a marine environment (mechanical, electrochemical and physico-chemical properties) and will allow studying the sensitivity of NDT tools to evaluate corrosion risk within reinforced concrete structures. These results will be given to the modellers in order to complete their test conditions in the framework of the validation of mechanical models.
摘要:本文详细介绍了法国国家项目“基准poutres de la france”的实验方案。提出了预应力梁在自然海洋环境中暴露40年后的腐蚀诊断方法。它包括非破坏性测试工具，补充实验室测试和破坏性分析的结果。该项目将为钢筋混凝土梁在海洋环境中暴露40年后的腐蚀状态(机械、电化学和物理化学性质)提供一个大型数据库，并将允许研究无损检测工具的敏感性，以评估钢筋混凝土结构内的腐蚀风险。这些结果将提供给建模人员，以便在力学模型验证的框架内完成他们的测试条件。
{"title":"Corrosion diagnosis of reinforced concrete beams after 40 years exposure in marine environment by non destructive tools","authors":"O. Poupard, V. L'Hostis, V. Bouteiller, B. Capra, S. Catinaud, Daniel Francois, Jean-Luc Garciaz, S. Laurens, Luping Tang, G. Olivier, G. Taché","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper describes the detailed experimental program of the French national project “benchmark des poutres de la Rance”. It presents a corrosion diagnosis of prestressed beams after 40 years exposure in natural marine environment. It includes results from non destructive testing tools, complementary laboratory tests and destructive analyses. This project will provide a large database on the corrosion state of reinforced concrete beams after 40 years exposure in a marine environment (mechanical, electrochemical and physico-chemical properties) and will allow studying the sensitivity of NDT tools to evaluate corrosion risk within reinforced concrete structures. These results will be given to the modellers in order to complete their test conditions in the framework of the validation of mechanical models.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122821655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692927
Quang Thanh Nguyen, F. Ragueneau, Y. Berthaud
ABSTRACT This paper deals with the rust influence on the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete structures. A constitutive model accounting for area reduction and mechanical brittleness increase is presented. This model has been implemented within a multifibre beam type finite element. The relevance of such an approach to describe the macroscopic behaviour of corroded reinforced concrete structures subject to external mechanical load is emphasised.
{"title":"Modélisation de structures corrodées par une approche multifibre","authors":"Quang Thanh Nguyen, F. Ragueneau, Y. Berthaud","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper deals with the rust influence on the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete structures. A constitutive model accounting for area reduction and mechanical brittleness increase is presented. This model has been implemented within a multifibre beam type finite element. The relevance of such an approach to describe the macroscopic behaviour of corroded reinforced concrete structures subject to external mechanical load is emphasised.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"16 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132836576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/17747120.2007.9692929
Anh Long Thang, O. Maurel, François Buyle-Bodin
ABSTRACT The tension and flexural behaviors of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures are seriously affected by the corrosion of reinforcing bars. In this paper, a numerical approach of the global behavior of the structure, particularly the load-deflection curve taking into account the deterioration of corrosion action is presented. It is formulated for the analysis of members subjected to monotonic bending or axial loads. The beam is modeled as a succession of portions or blocks delimited by two consecutive flexural or tensile cracks. The corrosion affects both the local bond stress-slip relationship and steel reinforcement. The results of the simulations are compared with test data from a French experimental research program (Benchmark des poutres de la Rance). The model is applied to ten reinforced or prestressed forty year old concrete.
钢筋腐蚀严重影响钢筋和预应力混凝土结构的受拉和受弯性能。本文提出了一种计算结构整体性能的数值方法，特别是考虑腐蚀作用恶化的荷载-挠度曲线。它是为分析承受单调弯曲或轴向载荷的构件而制定的。梁被建模为由两个连续的弯曲或拉伸裂缝划分的连续部分或块。腐蚀既影响局部粘结应力-滑移关系，也影响钢筋强度。模拟结果与法国实验研究项目(Benchmark des poutres de la Rance)的测试数据进行了比较。该模型适用于十加筋或预应力四十年混凝土。
{"title":"Numerical assessment of the structural behavior of prestressed concrete beams damaged by corrosion","authors":"Anh Long Thang, O. Maurel, François Buyle-Bodin","doi":"10.1080/17747120.2007.9692929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2007.9692929","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The tension and flexural behaviors of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures are seriously affected by the corrosion of reinforcing bars. In this paper, a numerical approach of the global behavior of the structure, particularly the load-deflection curve taking into account the deterioration of corrosion action is presented. It is formulated for the analysis of members subjected to monotonic bending or axial loads. The beam is modeled as a succession of portions or blocks delimited by two consecutive flexural or tensile cracks. The corrosion affects both the local bond stress-slip relationship and steel reinforcement. The results of the simulations are compared with test data from a French experimental research program (Benchmark des poutres de la Rance). The model is applied to ten reinforced or prestressed forty year old concrete.","PeriodicalId":368904,"journal":{"name":"Revue Européenne de Génie Civil","volume":"294 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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