Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2098685
K. Lyons, M. Howarth
ABSTRACT During the global pandemic and online teaching, we co-taught the keystone course for the new environmental humanities minor at the University of Pennsylvania. Beyond introducing students to transdisciplinary modes of communication and environmental humanities analytical frameworks, we focused the course around building a public engaged collaboration with community organizations and civil society initiatives in Colombia. The final project for the class resulted in a bilingual Digital Environmental Justice Storytelling platform that invites people to learn how different communities in Colombia engage with the arts and sciences in their activism and daily life to navigate environmental health uncertainties, defend territories, and transform urban and rural life conditions. In this article, we share our experience facilitating transdisciplinary international collaboration, bilingual translation, and multimodal methods in the building of the platform. We explain the pedagogical and methodological design of the project, placing emphasis on the flows of learning established between students and their Colombian community partners. The article includes the perspectives of different participants regarding their collaborative process, reflections about the importance of multilingual and hemispheric perspectives for the environmental humanities, and the impact of digital mediums as tools for environmental justice struggles and solidarity building.
{"title":"The importance of hemispheric perspectives for the environmental humanities: reflections on bilingual digital environmental justice storytelling","authors":"K. Lyons, M. Howarth","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2098685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2098685","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the global pandemic and online teaching, we co-taught the keystone course for the new environmental humanities minor at the University of Pennsylvania. Beyond introducing students to transdisciplinary modes of communication and environmental humanities analytical frameworks, we focused the course around building a public engaged collaboration with community organizations and civil society initiatives in Colombia. The final project for the class resulted in a bilingual Digital Environmental Justice Storytelling platform that invites people to learn how different communities in Colombia engage with the arts and sciences in their activism and daily life to navigate environmental health uncertainties, defend territories, and transform urban and rural life conditions. In this article, we share our experience facilitating transdisciplinary international collaboration, bilingual translation, and multimodal methods in the building of the platform. We explain the pedagogical and methodological design of the project, placing emphasis on the flows of learning established between students and their Colombian community partners. The article includes the perspectives of different participants regarding their collaborative process, reflections about the importance of multilingual and hemispheric perspectives for the environmental humanities, and the impact of digital mediums as tools for environmental justice struggles and solidarity building.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75169364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2085648
Andrés Fernando Suarez
ABSTRACT This article raises the limitations and risks of the use of quantification to attribute responsibilities for mass crimes in transitional justice. I question the inconsistencies in the official registry of forced displacement in Colombia with respect to the distribution of responsibilities of the armed actors, taking into account the historical trajectory of the armed conflict and the differences with social records, for which I propose to investigate the conditions under which the registration technology operates and how these affect the production of figures that circulate in the public sphere with claims of truth. I propose that the production of testimonial evidence on which the official registry is based changes according to state policies and the dynamics of the armed conflict, highlighting the importance of historically and contextually situating the official registry and how the armed conflict not only leaves victims but also produces its own representations and opacities through the story told by the official registry.
{"title":"Figures and responsibilities in contexts of mass violence: limits and risks of quantification in transitional justice in Colombia","authors":"Andrés Fernando Suarez","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2085648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2085648","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This article raises the limitations and risks of the use of quantification to attribute responsibilities for mass crimes in transitional justice. I question the inconsistencies in the official registry of forced displacement in Colombia with respect to the distribution of responsibilities of the armed actors, taking into account the historical trajectory of the armed conflict and the differences with social records, for which I propose to investigate the conditions under which the registration technology operates and how these affect the production of figures that circulate in the public sphere with claims of truth. I propose that the production of testimonial evidence on which the official registry is based changes according to state policies and the dynamics of the armed conflict, highlighting the importance of historically and contextually situating the official registry and how the armed conflict not only leaves victims but also produces its own representations and opacities through the story told by the official registry.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79785869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-12DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2068332
Felipe Raglianti
ABSTRACT In this article, I follow the work of technicians organizing a collection of mummified materials in a university of Chile. In doing this, I translate some points of laboratory studies into another context: a deposit of archaeological collections. By following how technicians sort out the collections and exploring their roles in the making of knowledges tinged by hands-on experience, I unravel with a “Whiteheadean twist” how conservation practices are a matter of concern in archaeology. Insofar the mummies are preserved as “material heritages” and witnessed in public as “carriers of civilization,” these “ambassadors of the past” are haunted in turn by their histories. But in the hands of technicians, I speculate that mummified materials become archeological objects imbued with a particular mode of existence. Through their work, they get to know the life-histories of mummies and in such stories, I focus on a sense of permanence, felt as an ideal purpose of conservation in archaeological collections. I analyze this with Whitehead’s notion of civilization to underscore how conservation processes aim at attaining everlasting things. In this sense, I develop the point that civilizations function as lures for collecting and preserving things.
{"title":"Civilizing mummies: an adventure of technicians in archaeological collections","authors":"Felipe Raglianti","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2068332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2068332","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, I follow the work of technicians organizing a collection of mummified materials in a university of Chile. In doing this, I translate some points of laboratory studies into another context: a deposit of archaeological collections. By following how technicians sort out the collections and exploring their roles in the making of knowledges tinged by hands-on experience, I unravel with a “Whiteheadean twist” how conservation practices are a matter of concern in archaeology. Insofar the mummies are preserved as “material heritages” and witnessed in public as “carriers of civilization,” these “ambassadors of the past” are haunted in turn by their histories. But in the hands of technicians, I speculate that mummified materials become archeological objects imbued with a particular mode of existence. Through their work, they get to know the life-histories of mummies and in such stories, I focus on a sense of permanence, felt as an ideal purpose of conservation in archaeological collections. I analyze this with Whitehead’s notion of civilization to underscore how conservation processes aim at attaining everlasting things. In this sense, I develop the point that civilizations function as lures for collecting and preserving things.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87103558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2059137
Alberto Aparicio
ABSTRACT In Colombia, the country’s biodiversity has been put at the heart of its bioeconomy policies. STS scholars have analyzed bioeconomy as the generation, commodification, and sale of ownership and biological material. Nonetheless, little attention has been given to bioprospecting initiatives in developing countries, let alone the incorporation of bioprospecting in bioeconomy policy. Further, the role of narratives about the value of the biological in supporting nation-building, or the relationship between nature, state, and its citizens, remain understudied. Based on interviews and fieldwork in policymaking committees, I argue that assumptions about biodiversity’s value and its valorization are supported by the use of genomic technologies; this allows further processes of value creation to remain uninterrogated. The need for Colombia to aspire to better futures accounts for the stability of assumptions about biodiversity’s value in recent decades. The right political climate has generated momentum for biological expeditions of Colombia’s territory and the rethinking of the social compact, in a country seeking to heal the wounds of an internal conflict with armed guerrillas – to become a more diverse and cohesive society. Ultimately, knowledge of biodiversity embeds assumptions of what nature is for, supporting a sociotechnical imaginary of how the country should be.
{"title":"The road ahead: narratives and imaginaries of the value of biodiversity in shaping bioeconomy policy in Colombia","authors":"Alberto Aparicio","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2059137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2059137","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Colombia, the country’s biodiversity has been put at the heart of its bioeconomy policies. STS scholars have analyzed bioeconomy as the generation, commodification, and sale of ownership and biological material. Nonetheless, little attention has been given to bioprospecting initiatives in developing countries, let alone the incorporation of bioprospecting in bioeconomy policy. Further, the role of narratives about the value of the biological in supporting nation-building, or the relationship between nature, state, and its citizens, remain understudied. Based on interviews and fieldwork in policymaking committees, I argue that assumptions about biodiversity’s value and its valorization are supported by the use of genomic technologies; this allows further processes of value creation to remain uninterrogated. The need for Colombia to aspire to better futures accounts for the stability of assumptions about biodiversity’s value in recent decades. The right political climate has generated momentum for biological expeditions of Colombia’s territory and the rethinking of the social compact, in a country seeking to heal the wounds of an internal conflict with armed guerrillas – to become a more diverse and cohesive society. Ultimately, knowledge of biodiversity embeds assumptions of what nature is for, supporting a sociotechnical imaginary of how the country should be.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80230707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2037818
Shaozeng Zhang, Mariana Ribeiro Porto Araujo, Ana Carolina de Assis Nunes
ABSTRACT Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines the origin and development of “Baobáxia,” a digital network for sharing community-produced content. Baobaxia emerged in “quilombos” (communities of run-away slaves’ descendents) in Brazil in the early 2000s and expanded to other marginalized groups in South America, Africa, and Europe. Our focus on the essential roles of baobab trees in this network raises the question of material resources sustaining the Internet and digital capitalism. Baobaxia turns out to be a “terrestrial Internet” that exposes the capitalist illusion of dematerialization and demonstrates a different approach to technology development amid the planetary environmental crises today. The analysis reveals the articulation of ancestral knowledge and new technologies in the building of Baobaxia, a network that is adaptive to local-geographical, ecological and infrastructural conditions and that supports community resistance, autonomy, and sustainability. The development of Baobaxia, historically rooted and future-oriented, is an enlightening grassroots experiment in exploring and sharing ways of making a world that may sustain life. Our study of the five-century transatlantic evolution of baobab challenges the often limited spatio-temporal framework in ethnographic research. We thus call for methodological openness to alternative perspectives from ethnographic interlocutors to guide academic understandings of the world.
{"title":"A terrestrial Internet from the quilombos: the transatlantic evolution of baobab from colonial to digital capitalism","authors":"Shaozeng Zhang, Mariana Ribeiro Porto Araujo, Ana Carolina de Assis Nunes","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2037818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2037818","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article examines the origin and development of “Baobáxia,” a digital network for sharing community-produced content. Baobaxia emerged in “quilombos” (communities of run-away slaves’ descendents) in Brazil in the early 2000s and expanded to other marginalized groups in South America, Africa, and Europe. Our focus on the essential roles of baobab trees in this network raises the question of material resources sustaining the Internet and digital capitalism. Baobaxia turns out to be a “terrestrial Internet” that exposes the capitalist illusion of dematerialization and demonstrates a different approach to technology development amid the planetary environmental crises today. The analysis reveals the articulation of ancestral knowledge and new technologies in the building of Baobaxia, a network that is adaptive to local-geographical, ecological and infrastructural conditions and that supports community resistance, autonomy, and sustainability. The development of Baobaxia, historically rooted and future-oriented, is an enlightening grassroots experiment in exploring and sharing ways of making a world that may sustain life. Our study of the five-century transatlantic evolution of baobab challenges the often limited spatio-temporal framework in ethnographic research. We thus call for methodological openness to alternative perspectives from ethnographic interlocutors to guide academic understandings of the world.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72878445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2041789
Alexis Mercado, K. Cordova, H. Vessuri
Hyper competitiveness accelerates the pace of innovation and generates an impressive increase in the number of products that are introduced in the market daily (Harvey and Griffith 2007). Nevertheless, most of these products are not designed to satisfy basic needs and their distribution among the population is uneven, increasing social exclusion. The technological systems (Hughes 1987) in which innovations take place have, in many cases, evident features of unsustainability. This is because there is an increased use of raw materials and energy to manufacture consumer goods (tangible or intangible) especially those oriented to satisfy the consumption aspirations of a little fraction of humankind. This is supported by an important rise in the capabilities of knowledge production, posing a paradox: on the one side, more efficient technologies are developed allowing the increase of industry and services efficiency which can result in a reduction of the environmental impact. On the other side, it increases the possibility of nature appropriation and transformation, mainly by the intensive exploitation of resources, both traditional (e.g. iron, bauxite, copper, coal, petroleum, limestone, etc.) and new ones (e.g. rare earth, coltan, Lithium salts), and the growing generation of new waste polluting. Therefore, outputs are often unsustainable. This leads to questioning the current sociotechnical structure and the need of exploring alternatives that, inevitably, must induce a rethinking of the notions of technology, production, and consumption. During the sixties and seventies of the past century, there was a debate about development models and the technological systems supporting them. Several studies warned against the negative impacts of technological development and industrial growth, urging for their reorientation (Carson 1962; Meadows et al. 1972; Dickson 1980; Schumacher 1978). Nevertheless, an economic-productive model, based on continuous growth, in
超级竞争力加速了创新的步伐，并在市场上每天推出的产品数量上产生了令人印象深刻的增长(Harvey和Griffith 2007)。然而，这些产品大多不是为满足基本需求而设计的，它们在人口中的分配是不平衡的，增加了社会排斥。在许多情况下，产生创新的技术系统(Hughes 1987)具有明显的不可持续性特征。这是因为制造消费品(有形或无形)的原材料和能源的使用增加了，特别是那些面向满足一小部分人的消费愿望的产品。这得到了知识生产能力显著提高的支持，这构成了一个悖论:一方面，更有效的技术被开发出来，从而提高了工业和服务业的效率，从而减少了对环境的影响。另一方面，它增加了自然占有和改造的可能性，主要是通过对传统资源(如铁、铝土矿、铜、煤、石油、石灰石等)和新资源(如稀土、钶钽铁矿、锂盐)的集约化开采，以及新的废物污染的日益产生。因此，产出往往是不可持续的。这导致了对当前社会技术结构的质疑，以及探索替代方案的需求，不可避免地，必须引起对技术、生产和消费概念的重新思考。在上个世纪的六七十年代，有一场关于发展模式和支持它们的技术系统的辩论。几项研究对技术发展和工业增长的负面影响提出警告，敦促它们重新定位(Carson 1962;Meadows et al. 1972;迪克森1980;舒马赫1978)。然而，以持续增长为基础的经济生产模式
{"title":"The technology of need: technology of sustainability?","authors":"Alexis Mercado, K. Cordova, H. Vessuri","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2041789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2041789","url":null,"abstract":"Hyper competitiveness accelerates the pace of innovation and generates an impressive increase in the number of products that are introduced in the market daily (Harvey and Griffith 2007). Nevertheless, most of these products are not designed to satisfy basic needs and their distribution among the population is uneven, increasing social exclusion. The technological systems (Hughes 1987) in which innovations take place have, in many cases, evident features of unsustainability. This is because there is an increased use of raw materials and energy to manufacture consumer goods (tangible or intangible) especially those oriented to satisfy the consumption aspirations of a little fraction of humankind. This is supported by an important rise in the capabilities of knowledge production, posing a paradox: on the one side, more efficient technologies are developed allowing the increase of industry and services efficiency which can result in a reduction of the environmental impact. On the other side, it increases the possibility of nature appropriation and transformation, mainly by the intensive exploitation of resources, both traditional (e.g. iron, bauxite, copper, coal, petroleum, limestone, etc.) and new ones (e.g. rare earth, coltan, Lithium salts), and the growing generation of new waste polluting. Therefore, outputs are often unsustainable. This leads to questioning the current sociotechnical structure and the need of exploring alternatives that, inevitably, must induce a rethinking of the notions of technology, production, and consumption. During the sixties and seventies of the past century, there was a debate about development models and the technological systems supporting them. Several studies warned against the negative impacts of technological development and industrial growth, urging for their reorientation (Carson 1962; Meadows et al. 1972; Dickson 1980; Schumacher 1978). Nevertheless, an economic-productive model, based on continuous growth, in","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84613283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2038858
Sebastián Rojas-Navarro, Francisco Moller-Domínguez, Samanta Alarcón-Arcos, María-Alejandra Energici, Nicolás Schöngut-Grollmus
ABSTRACT This article presents some results of “CUIDAR; study on times, forms, and spaces of care at home during the pandemic,” a research project that explored how the pandemic and the subsequent policies implemented by the Chilean government transformed and disrupted the spatialities, temporalities, and practices of care within the households. To do so, we designed a web survey that draws inspiration from care theories emerging from the field of Science and Technology Studies or STS. Such an approach allowed thinking about care as a more-than-human affair that goes beyond a particular moral stance and corresponds more with a doing anchored in the entanglements of human and non-human actors. Data gathered revealed the appearance of new actors while stressing that care is much too relevant and complex to only rest upon specific household members – namely women – who are left to their own devices since policies implemented seem to be unable to support them in the tasks of caring for themselves and others.
{"title":"Care during exceptional times: results of the CUIDAR study on the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile","authors":"Sebastián Rojas-Navarro, Francisco Moller-Domínguez, Samanta Alarcón-Arcos, María-Alejandra Energici, Nicolás Schöngut-Grollmus","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2038858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2038858","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents some results of “CUIDAR; study on times, forms, and spaces of care at home during the pandemic,” a research project that explored how the pandemic and the subsequent policies implemented by the Chilean government transformed and disrupted the spatialities, temporalities, and practices of care within the households. To do so, we designed a web survey that draws inspiration from care theories emerging from the field of Science and Technology Studies or STS. Such an approach allowed thinking about care as a more-than-human affair that goes beyond a particular moral stance and corresponds more with a doing anchored in the entanglements of human and non-human actors. Data gathered revealed the appearance of new actors while stressing that care is much too relevant and complex to only rest upon specific household members – namely women – who are left to their own devices since policies implemented seem to be unable to support them in the tasks of caring for themselves and others.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75103839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2035936
Sebastián Lehuedé
ABSTRACT The construction of astronomical observatories in the Atacama Desert has prompted different actors in Chile to envision initiatives for promoting the expansion of data infrastructure. While such projects are usually seen as synonymous with development, Lickan Antay Indigenous activists affected by the construction of an observatory consider this situation the beginning of a new chapter in their history of territorial struggle. Building upon political ontology, this article argues that the growth of data infrastructures can underpin ontological divergences concerning the territory, i.e. what territory is and its relation with other entities. To do so, it compares two divergent ontologies of territory emerging in the Chilean context. While the Natural Laboratories policy and the Datagonia project transform the territory into a source of economic resources affording opportunities for developing data infrastructure (assetized ontology of territory), Lickan Antay activists conceive of territory as a unitary whole made up by human and other-than-human interdependencies (relational ontology of territory). Based on a discursive-material analysis of interviews and documents, this article delves into the ontological dimension of data colonialism and proposes an infrastructural regime that does not reproduce terricide and is aligned with the flourishing of multiple worlds.
{"title":"Territories of data: ontological divergences in the growth of data infrastructure","authors":"Sebastián Lehuedé","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2035936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2035936","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The construction of astronomical observatories in the Atacama Desert has prompted different actors in Chile to envision initiatives for promoting the expansion of data infrastructure. While such projects are usually seen as synonymous with development, Lickan Antay Indigenous activists affected by the construction of an observatory consider this situation the beginning of a new chapter in their history of territorial struggle. Building upon political ontology, this article argues that the growth of data infrastructures can underpin ontological divergences concerning the territory, i.e. what territory is and its relation with other entities. To do so, it compares two divergent ontologies of territory emerging in the Chilean context. While the Natural Laboratories policy and the Datagonia project transform the territory into a source of economic resources affording opportunities for developing data infrastructure (assetized ontology of territory), Lickan Antay activists conceive of territory as a unitary whole made up by human and other-than-human interdependencies (relational ontology of territory). Based on a discursive-material analysis of interviews and documents, this article delves into the ontological dimension of data colonialism and proposes an infrastructural regime that does not reproduce terricide and is aligned with the flourishing of multiple worlds.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75522718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2035935
C. Piña-García, A. Espinoza
ABSTRACT Social media is fast becoming a key instrument to manipulate or influence social perception. Digital platforms are having a serious effect on the manipulation of public opinion through the spread of political propaganda and message amplification via coordinated campaigns. As one of the most used social platforms among politicians and democratic governments, Twitter plays a critical role in how information flows through trending topics. The main purpose of this study is to explore how coordinated campaigns, in this case astroturfing, were used to influence and manipulate public opinion during the coronavirus health crisis in Mexico. Our research provides new insights into the early detection of astroturfing and artificial amplification, in order to expose the efforts to manipulate online discourse in Mexico. In the pages that follow, it will be argued that Mexico is currently experiencing online manipulation through malicious strategies that may threaten its democracy. The following hashtags were used to explore and compare our approach in Mexico: #GatellOrgulloMexicano (Gatell Mexican Pride) and #AMLOPresidenteDeLaSalud (AMLO President of Health). This study intends to build awareness and to improve the public’s understanding coordinated behavior on Twitter.
{"title":"Coordinated campaigns on Twitter during the coronavirus health crisis in Mexico","authors":"C. Piña-García, A. Espinoza","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2035935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2035935","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social media is fast becoming a key instrument to manipulate or influence social perception. Digital platforms are having a serious effect on the manipulation of public opinion through the spread of political propaganda and message amplification via coordinated campaigns. As one of the most used social platforms among politicians and democratic governments, Twitter plays a critical role in how information flows through trending topics. The main purpose of this study is to explore how coordinated campaigns, in this case astroturfing, were used to influence and manipulate public opinion during the coronavirus health crisis in Mexico. Our research provides new insights into the early detection of astroturfing and artificial amplification, in order to expose the efforts to manipulate online discourse in Mexico. In the pages that follow, it will be argued that Mexico is currently experiencing online manipulation through malicious strategies that may threaten its democracy. The following hashtags were used to explore and compare our approach in Mexico: #GatellOrgulloMexicano (Gatell Mexican Pride) and #AMLOPresidenteDeLaSalud (AMLO President of Health). This study intends to build awareness and to improve the public’s understanding coordinated behavior on Twitter.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87350109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-18DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2021.2003282
Consuelo Uribe-Mallarino
ABSTRACT In this paper, we discuss whether Latin American researchers participate in the European Research and Innovation Framework Programme (FP) by joining European colleagues as peers, or by being targeted as part of a science diplomacy initiative. We analyse the participation of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico (LAC) in the 7th (2007–2013) and 8th (2014–2020) programs, based on CORDIS data and the Open Aire repository. We determine the scope of these countries’ participation and the variables that intervene. Results show that funding received by LAC organizations decreased significantly from the 7th to the 8th FP due to an increase in projects with no EU monetary contribution. Co-authoring with European partners or by domestic authors in publications issued from these projects by LAC researchers represented an average 12% of all publications in both FPs, and it was marginal in some projects and decisive in others, depending on the topic of research. We conclude that the participation of these countries due to EU science diplomacy actions was important in the 7th FP and less so in H2020 and that this involvement has become less dependent on their being targeted as a region, or by Spain’s brokerage as coordinator.
{"title":"Collaborating as peers or targeted by science diplomacy? The participation of Latin American researchers in the European Framework Programme for Research and Innovation","authors":"Consuelo Uribe-Mallarino","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2021.2003282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2021.2003282","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, we discuss whether Latin American researchers participate in the European Research and Innovation Framework Programme (FP) by joining European colleagues as peers, or by being targeted as part of a science diplomacy initiative. We analyse the participation of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico (LAC) in the 7th (2007–2013) and 8th (2014–2020) programs, based on CORDIS data and the Open Aire repository. We determine the scope of these countries’ participation and the variables that intervene. Results show that funding received by LAC organizations decreased significantly from the 7th to the 8th FP due to an increase in projects with no EU monetary contribution. Co-authoring with European partners or by domestic authors in publications issued from these projects by LAC researchers represented an average 12% of all publications in both FPs, and it was marginal in some projects and decisive in others, depending on the topic of research. We conclude that the participation of these countries due to EU science diplomacy actions was important in the 7th FP and less so in H2020 and that this involvement has become less dependent on their being targeted as a region, or by Spain’s brokerage as coordinator.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85941470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：