Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2127231
L. Alcoff
ABSTRACT This paper develops an account and critique of extractivist epistemologies, which are generated by extractivist projects. I argue that certain metaphysical and epistemological ideas and practices emerge from extractivist projects, and these ideas and practices have influenced the development of Western epistemologies. After presenting a critique, I develop four correct epistemic norms to counteract the effect of extracivist epistemologies: these all center on the question of relationships among knowers and the contextual embeddedness of knowledges.
{"title":"Extractivist epistemologies","authors":"L. Alcoff","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2127231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2127231","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper develops an account and critique of extractivist epistemologies, which are generated by extractivist projects. I argue that certain metaphysical and epistemological ideas and practices emerge from extractivist projects, and these ideas and practices have influenced the development of Western epistemologies. After presenting a critique, I develop four correct epistemic norms to counteract the effect of extracivist epistemologies: these all center on the question of relationships among knowers and the contextual embeddedness of knowledges.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78185608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2064046
Javier Guerrero-C
{"title":"Stupid outcomes: the myth of artificial intelligence and the fantasies of machinic objectivity","authors":"Javier Guerrero-C","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2064046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2064046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75998421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2117491
Mariano Zukerfeld, Santiago Liaudat, María Sol Terlizzi, C. Monti, Carolina Unzurrunzaga
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the different types of access to scientific literature used by Argentinean researchers. This paper focuses particularly on the extent to which the illegal route is resorted to, the motivations for resorting to it, representations of legality and moral acceptability, and the relationship between productivity and different access routes. In order to tackle these topics, a survey was carried out among CONICET researchers. The main findings are as follows. The use of the illegal route is massive and widespread; it does not replace but rather coexists with the use of legal routes; there is a striking disconnection between the representations of legality and morality, and the motivations for using the illegal route are both practical and axiological.
{"title":"A specter is haunting science, the specter of piracy. A case study on the use of illegal routes of access to scientific literature by Argentinean researchers","authors":"Mariano Zukerfeld, Santiago Liaudat, María Sol Terlizzi, C. Monti, Carolina Unzurrunzaga","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2117491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2117491","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the different types of access to scientific literature used by Argentinean researchers. This paper focuses particularly on the extent to which the illegal route is resorted to, the motivations for resorting to it, representations of legality and moral acceptability, and the relationship between productivity and different access routes. In order to tackle these topics, a survey was carried out among CONICET researchers. The main findings are as follows. The use of the illegal route is massive and widespread; it does not replace but rather coexists with the use of legal routes; there is a striking disconnection between the representations of legality and morality, and the motivations for using the illegal route are both practical and axiological.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78995874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-03DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2127541
Saudi Garcia
{"title":"Degrees of mixture, degrees of freedom: genomics, multiculturalism, and race in Latin America","authors":"Saudi Garcia","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2127541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2127541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84546541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2117480
Claudia Magallanes-Blanco
Pulgarón Garzón (2019) from Cuba shows how Rastafari culture converges with the decolonial perspective to investigate the forms of struggle and resistance generated by black communities and social movements of modern Africa. The author seeks to build knowledge about Rastafari culture, recognizing and listening to the voices and experiences of its protagonists. The ways of doing the Rastafarian subjects, their discourses
{"title":"Afro-descendancies in Latin America","authors":"Claudia Magallanes-Blanco","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2117480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2117480","url":null,"abstract":"Pulgarón Garzón (2019) from Cuba shows how Rastafari culture converges with the decolonial perspective to investigate the forms of struggle and resistance generated by black communities and social movements of modern Africa. The author seeks to build knowledge about Rastafari culture, recognizing and listening to the voices and experiences of its protagonists. The ways of doing the Rastafarian subjects, their discourses","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81000492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2111106
Paola Diaz Lize, Annalisa Fischer
ABSTRACT In this article, we analyze three forensic and counter-forensic devices that go beyond the strictly medico-legal realm to show which concrete practices and truth-spots contribute to (re)constructing a public account of migrant deaths and disappearances along border zones. Drawing on written documents and semi-structured interviews, we examine operations led by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Europe and Africa, the work of the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner (PCOME) together with the NGO Colibrí Center for Human Rights in Arizona, and Forensic Oceanography's (FO) open-source investigations of shipwrecks of migrants in the Central Mediterranean Sea and the structural violence embedded in militarized border regimes. We argue that these practices constitute factualization devices, namely practices that transform lived experience of death and disappearance into an objectified reality that can be visibilized and mobilized in the public sphere as part of a counter-narrative. We demonstrate how these factualization practices are imbricated in valuation practices, i.e. practices that ascribe not only an epistemological but also an ethical, aesthetic and political value to the work of objectification, which inform the production of truth narratives.
{"title":"Death and disappearance at border crossings: factualization devices and truth(s) accounts","authors":"Paola Diaz Lize, Annalisa Fischer","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2111106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2111106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, we analyze three forensic and counter-forensic devices that go beyond the strictly medico-legal realm to show which concrete practices and truth-spots contribute to (re)constructing a public account of migrant deaths and disappearances along border zones. Drawing on written documents and semi-structured interviews, we examine operations led by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in Europe and Africa, the work of the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner (PCOME) together with the NGO Colibrí Center for Human Rights in Arizona, and Forensic Oceanography's (FO) open-source investigations of shipwrecks of migrants in the Central Mediterranean Sea and the structural violence embedded in militarized border regimes. We argue that these practices constitute factualization devices, namely practices that transform lived experience of death and disappearance into an objectified reality that can be visibilized and mobilized in the public sphere as part of a counter-narrative. We demonstrate how these factualization practices are imbricated in valuation practices, i.e. practices that ascribe not only an epistemological but also an ethical, aesthetic and political value to the work of objectification, which inform the production of truth narratives.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78837283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-26DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2135229
Fatima Elfitouri
{"title":"The right to live in health: medical politics in post-independence Havana","authors":"Fatima Elfitouri","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2135229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2135229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79474567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-14DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2111112
A. Barragán-Ocaña, Rubén Oliver-Espinoza, M. P. Longar-Blanco, Hortensia Gómez-Viquez
ABSTRACT Pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and technological advances are currently a new paradigm with ample potential to provide therapeutic solutions to multiple diseases. The purpose of this study was to survey granted patents related to biopharmaceutical products. The most important results show that most of these inventions are concentrated in the United States, and European and Asian countries, and that US companies are the clear leaders in this area of knowledge, reaffirming its position as one of the most important technological markets in the world. Additionally, the technological classes, established according to search criteria, that have shown the most progress over time has to do with medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies, as well as those associated with peptides. Finally, the role of the Latin American market is not relevant for the production of this group of technologies; consequently, it is important to define strategies for their inclusion in countries in the region and to promote cooperation in terms of research and development. This course of action will provide the region with the possibility of increasing technological capabilities that will allow it to innovate within the sector.
{"title":"Technological development and patent analysis: the case of biopharmacy in the world and in Latin America","authors":"A. Barragán-Ocaña, Rubén Oliver-Espinoza, M. P. Longar-Blanco, Hortensia Gómez-Viquez","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2111112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2111112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and technological advances are currently a new paradigm with ample potential to provide therapeutic solutions to multiple diseases. The purpose of this study was to survey granted patents related to biopharmaceutical products. The most important results show that most of these inventions are concentrated in the United States, and European and Asian countries, and that US companies are the clear leaders in this area of knowledge, reaffirming its position as one of the most important technological markets in the world. Additionally, the technological classes, established according to search criteria, that have shown the most progress over time has to do with medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies, as well as those associated with peptides. Finally, the role of the Latin American market is not relevant for the production of this group of technologies; consequently, it is important to define strategies for their inclusion in countries in the region and to promote cooperation in terms of research and development. This course of action will provide the region with the possibility of increasing technological capabilities that will allow it to innovate within the sector.","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85069287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2108589
Miguel López-Paleta
{"title":"Learning and thinking with STS cases: developing attitudes towards technoscience in the classroom","authors":"Miguel López-Paleta","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2108589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2108589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85774486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/25729861.2022.2117481
A. Ponce de León
{"title":"Liquid ecologies in Latin American and Caribbean art","authors":"A. Ponce de León","doi":"10.1080/25729861.2022.2117481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25729861.2022.2117481","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36898,"journal":{"name":"Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76403383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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