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ETHNOCULTURAL REGIONALISM AND THE LOCAL IDENTIFICATION PRACTICES: GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT 民族文化地域主义与地方认同实践:地缘政治语境
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.066
V.К. Borysenko, H. Skrypnyk
The article is about modern manifestations of ethnocultural regionalism and socially disintegrating tendencies in Ukraine, especially on the negative consequences of the dissemination of the ideology of political Ruthenianism and corresponding identification practices in the Transcarpathia, that is potentially a threat of political destabilization in the state. It is asserted in the study, that these destructive phenomena are not the consequence of objective processes of the evolution of linguistic-cultural peculiarities of the local communities, but are motivated by subjective factors, inspired by geopolitical impacts. It is about a speculative use of the local ethnonyms as a reason for social destabilization and cultivation of territorial and centrifugal tendencies on the borderlands of the state. The published work is aimed at the description of the peculiarities of the language and ethnic culture of Transcarpathia population as a result of the regional and local development of the people of the western Ukrainian frontier, who still haven’t lost their Ukrainian nature despite long-term foreign ethnic and language influences.
这篇文章是关于乌克兰民族文化区域主义和社会解体趋势的现代表现,特别是关于政治鲁塞尼亚主义意识形态和相应的认同实践在外喀尔巴阡山脉传播的负面后果,这是国家政治不稳定的潜在威胁。研究中断言,这些破坏性现象不是当地社区语言文化特点演变的客观过程的结果,而是受到地缘政治影响的主观因素的推动。它是关于对当地民族名称的投机性使用,作为社会不稳定的原因,以及在国家边境地区培养领土和离心倾向。出版的作品旨在描述由于乌克兰西部边境人民的区域和地方发展而导致的外喀尔巴阡山脉人口的语言和民族文化的特殊性,尽管长期受到外国民族和语言的影响,他们仍然没有失去乌克兰人的本性。
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引用次数: 0
EVOLUTION PROCESSES OF ACCUMULATIVE LANDFORMS AND SOIL GENESIS IN COASTAL ZONE OF UNTIDAL SEAS 不定海海岸带堆积地貌的演化过程与土壤成因
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.029
Y. Shuisky, G. V. Vykhovanetz
The purpose of this publication is to determine and analyze natural conditions and the development of soil formation on accumulative landforms in the coastal zone of non-tidal seas. As an example, long-term instrumental measurements were used in stationary sites within the coastal sandy forms of the Black and Azov Seas, in Ukraine. The complexity, originality of the structure, and the high rate of change of these landforms make it necessary to answer the question: can typical soils be formed in such an environment, with an appropriate profile and fertility, and the ability to conduct various types of agriculture? First of all, it should be noted that the sandy coastal-marine forms, in contrast to the upland ones, are formed by the mechanical hydrogenic factors of the sea. The building material for the forms is sedimentary sediments that have undergone coastal-marine mechanical differentiation. Consequently, their composition differs in origin and hydraulic size of alluvial, aeolian, glacial, fluvial, etc. sediment on the mainland. The contours of the searched reliefs and the transverse and longitudinal profile can change dramatically within one round the clock. At the same time, waves of strong storms can completely wash away and mix the entire thickness of radical sediments together with plants, animals, groundwater of a certain composition, and accumulations of mineral and organic compounds. Also, the humus is washed out, and the humus layer cannot be fixed. But then, within 1–2 years, the studied forms are restored in a complex in general. In this case, the transverse profile is restored in a similar form in total contour. This process happens many times over several decades, and centuries yet. Therefore, the process of soil formation is always disrupted and the formation of typical soils (“pedolites” inclusive) is practically impossible in the environment of the coastal zone of the seas.
本出版物的目的是确定和分析非潮汐海海岸带堆积地貌的自然条件和土壤形成的发展。例如,在乌克兰黑海和亚速海沿海沙质地貌的固定地点使用了长期仪器测量。这些地貌的复杂性、独创性和高变化率使我们有必要回答这样一个问题:典型的土壤能否在这样一个环境中形成,具有适当的剖面和肥力,并能够进行各种类型的农业?首先,应该注意的是,与高地相比,沙质海岸海洋形态是由海洋的机械水文因素形成的。这些形态的建筑材料是经过海岸-海洋机械分化的沉积沉积物。因此,它们的成分在大陆冲积、风成、冰川、河流等沉积物的来源和水力大小上有所不同。搜索到的浮雕轮廓以及横向和纵向轮廓可以在一周内发生巨大变化。与此同时,一波又一波的强风暴可以完全冲走整个厚度的自由基沉积物,并将其与植物、动物、特定成分的地下水以及矿物和有机化合物的堆积混合在一起。此外,腐殖质被冲走,腐殖质层无法固定。但是,在1-2年内,所研究的形式通常会在一个综合体中恢复。在这种情况下,横向轮廓在总轮廓中以类似的形式恢复。这个过程在几十年甚至几个世纪内发生了很多次。因此,土壤形成过程总是被破坏,在海洋沿海地区的环境中,典型土壤(包括“恋童癖”)的形成实际上是不可能的。
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引用次数: 0
CHANGES IN THE CLIMATE AND DENDROFLORA OF THE NORTHEASTERN PART OF UKRAINE IN THE LATE MIOCENE—EARLY PLEISTOCENE (ACCORDING TO PALYNOLOGICAL DATA) 中新世晚期-更新世早期乌克兰东北部气候和树木区系的变化(根据孢粉学资料)
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.021
О.А. Sirenko
The results of palynological studies serve as the basis for paleofloristic and paleoclimatic reconstructions. Plants are sensitive to changes in basic climatic parameters—heat and moisture. In this regard, the flora is a reliable indicator of changes in paleoclimatic conditions. The purpose of this study is the paleofloristic and paleoclimatic reconstructions of the late Miocene—early Pleistocene of the northeastern part of Ukraine based on palynological data. For the regions of Dnieper-Donetsk depression and the central part of the Donetsk folded structure, detailed reconstructions of paleoclimate changes from the late Miocene to the Pliocene based on palynological data are presented for the first time. The information on climatic changes during the Gelasian time of the early Pleistocene of these regions has been significantly supplemented. Paleoclimate reconstructions were carried out on the basis of analysis of the taxonomic composition of spore-pollen complexes and subcomplexes that characterize Upper Miocene-Lower Pleistocene sediments, analysis of ecological timing of individual taxa, as well as analysis of geographical elements of flora and patterns of changes in their relationships over time. It is established that the climate of the late Miocene, Pliocene, and early Pleistocene of the northeastern part of Ukraine was characterized by cyclicity of different frequencies and amplitude. Climatic optimums and pessimums traced in the specified period of time are characterized. The curves of changes in the main climate parameters of the northeastern part of Ukraine in the late Miocene-early Pleistocene are represented.
孢粉学研究结果为古植物区系和古气候重建奠定了基础。植物对基本气候参数——热量和水分——的变化很敏感。在这方面,植物群是古气候条件变化的可靠指标。本研究的目的是基于孢粉学数据对乌克兰东北部中新世晚期-更新世早期的古植物区系和古气候进行重建。针对顿涅茨克第聂伯河凹陷和顿涅茨克河褶皱构造中部地区,首次根据孢粉学数据对中新世晚期至上新世的古气候变化进行了详细的重建。这些地区更新世早期盖拉西亚时期的气候变化信息得到了显著补充。古气候重建是在分析上中新世-下更新世沉积物的孢子-花粉复合体和亚复合体的分类组成、分析单个分类群的生态时间以及分析植物群的地理元素及其关系随时间变化的模式的基础上进行的。乌克兰东北部中新世晚期、上新世和更新世早期的气候具有不同频率和幅度的旋回性。描述了在特定时间段内追踪到的气候最佳值和pessimum。给出了中新世晚期-更新世早期乌克兰东北部主要气候参数的变化曲线。
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引用次数: 0
A NEW LOOK AT GEOGRAPHY: GEOGRAPHICAL IMPERATIVES 地理学的新视角:地理学的必要性
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.003
O. Topchiyev
Geographical science requires methodological strengthening of the consideration of the Earth’s sphere as a unitary and integral Geosphere. The concept of geographical imperatives is presented as a scientific direction focused on such a methodological transformation.
地理科学需要在方法上加强对地球圈作为一个统一的和完整的地球圈的考虑。地理命令性的概念是作为一个专注于这种方法论转变的科学方向提出的。
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引用次数: 1
DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES IN THE ZAKARPATTIA REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF BALANCED SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 社会均衡发展背景下的扎卡尔帕蒂亚地区可再生能源开发
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.036
S. Pop, I. Sharodi
The state of development of the unique potential of renewable energy resources in the Zakarpattia region for industrial production of heat and electricity in the context of balanced social, economic, and environmental development is considered. It is noted that the region should be among the leaders in the implementation of Ukraine’s Energy Strategy for the period up to 2035 and, by building “green” energy facilities, make a significant contribution to replacing generating capacity that pollutes the atmosphere with greenhouse gases and thus ensures Ukraine’s compliance under the Paris Agreement and achieve the indicators specified in the Law Carbon Strategy of Ukraine until 2050. The problems and prospects of rational use of available renewable resources, the potential of which is more than sufficient to fully meet the region’s energy needs, and its development are unalterable.
在平衡社会、经济和环境发展的背景下,考虑了扎卡尔帕蒂亚地区可再生能源在工业生产热电方面的独特潜力的发展状况。值得注意的是,该地区应成为实施乌克兰到2035年能源战略的领导者之一,并通过建设“绿色”能源设施,为取代用温室气体污染大气的发电能力做出重大贡献,从而确保乌克兰遵守《巴黎协定》,实现乌克兰到2050年的法律碳战略中规定的指标。合理利用现有可再生资源的问题和前景是不可改变的,这些资源的潜力足以充分满足该区域的能源需要。
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引用次数: 0
CLASSIFICATION OF INTERACTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE ELECTRONIC ATLAS: LOGICAL SCHEME AND OUTCOMES 电子地图集交互功能的分类:逻辑方案与结果
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.055
S. Krakovskyi, T. Kurach
This paper is the completion of the project started in [1], which is devoted to the development of the classification of interactive functions of the electronic atlas. In the previous work, we developed the theoretical and methodological basis for creating the classification. This paper describes the logical scheme of the classification and the classification groups within the created classification. To detect interactive functions, thirty-four atlases and ten geoportals released between 2006 and 2021 were analyzed. A detailed list of applications can be found at the link: https://bit.ly/3wL35uu. Interactive functions mentioned in the literature on the topic were also taken into account. The proposed classification (https://bit.ly/3Ck3jvK) is artificial and taxonomic with a combined structure: faceted radial at the first level and sequential within each facet (group). The main (type, class, genus, kind) and transitional (subtype, subgenus) taxonomic categories were allocated, the purpose of which is to emphasize the subordination of the classification groups of objects and to reveal the vertical connections between them. One hundred and eighty-one interactive functions are allocated among seven groups, where each group corresponds to one feature by a purpose: Settings and Support, Visual Design Adaptation, Navigation, Analysis, Extensibility, Recoverability, Saving, and Tracking. The sequence of groups corresponds to the hypothetical stages of the user’s work with the electronic atlas and is intended to facilitate the perception of the classification. The classification is open to extension as well as modification for specific thematic atlases. Future additions will include functions with a 3D dimension and an audiovisual component.
本文是[1]启动的项目的完成,该项目致力于开发电子地图册交互功能的分类。在之前的工作中,我们开发了创建分类的理论和方法基础。本文描述了分类的逻辑方案以及创建的分类中的分类组。为了检测交互功能,分析了2006年至2021年间发布的34个地图册和10个地理门户。应用程序的详细列表可以在链接中找到:https://bit.ly/3wL35uu.还考虑到了有关该专题的文献中提到的互动功能。拟议的分类(https://bit.ly/3Ck3jvK)是人工的和分类的,有一个组合的结构:在第一个层次上是分面径向的,在每个分面(组)内是顺序的。对主要分类类别(类型、纲、属、种)和过渡分类类别(亚型、亚属)进行了划分,目的是强调对象分类组的从属关系,揭示它们之间的垂直联系。一百八十一个交互功能分配在七组中,每组按目的对应一个功能:设置和支持、视觉设计自适应、导航、分析、扩展性、可恢复性、保存和跟踪。组的顺序对应于用户使用电子地图册工作的假设阶段,旨在促进对分类的感知。该分类对特定专题图册的扩展和修改是开放的。未来增加的功能将包括3D维度和视听组件。
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引用次数: 1
LOCAL PLANNING INSTRUMENTS IN UKRAINE: EXPERIENCES AND CHANGES FROM A LONG-TERM PERSPECTIVE 乌克兰地方规划工具:长期视角下的经验与变化
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.03.045
Mykola Lytvynchuk, O. Denysenko, A. Melnychuk
In this paper, we analyze the evolution of local planning instruments in Ukraine from Soviet times to the current state, rethinking the framework of local planning and the role of particular instruments. Planning instruments, notably local planning instruments, by their content and planning practices to a large extent reflect the social and political context of the territory and therefore they are going through significant changes in the course of transition and later transformations. The Ukrainian experience provides important insights for rethinking planning in post-transitional regions, as it illustrates how the role and functions of planning at the local level were changed, how certain instruments were transformed, and how new approaches and concepts were introduced. The paper builds upon extensive materials on the elaboration of regional planning schemes and projects, city planning and construction in the USSR, laws of Ukraine, and state construction regulations of Ukraine and reviews the main stages of local planning instruments development and transformation. The evolution of the instruments in the post-Soviet perspective in the paper is analyzed in terms of their influence on spatial development. It is argued that local planning instruments have evolved significantly, new tools have appeared, and they have become more publicly available and community-oriented, thus reflecting the ongoing rethinking of planning at the local level.
在本文中,我们分析了乌克兰从苏联时代到现在的地方规划工具的演变,重新思考了地方规划的框架和特定工具的作用。规划工具,特别是地方规划工具,其内容和规划实践在很大程度上反映了该领土的社会和政治背景,因此它们在过渡和后来的转型过程中正在经历重大变化。乌克兰的经验为重新思考过渡后区域的规划提供了重要的见解,因为它说明了如何改变地方一级规划的作用和职能,如何改变某些手段,以及如何采用新的办法和概念。本文以区域规划方案和项目、苏联城市规划和建设、乌克兰法律和乌克兰国家建设法规的详细阐述为基础,回顾了地方规划工具发展和转型的主要阶段。本文从工具对空间发展的影响角度分析了后苏联时期工具的演变。有人认为,地方规划工具已经发生了重大变化,出现了新的工具,它们变得更加公开和面向社区,从而反映了地方一级正在进行的规划重新思考。
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引用次数: 1
NATIONAL STABILITY OF UKRAINE: SECURITY STRATEGY 乌克兰的国家稳定:安全战略
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.02.003
S. Pyrozhkov
The research seeks to justify the concept of national resilience as the resilience of the civilizational subject of a country in modern geopolitical conditions. The report also aims to define the country’s strategy for ensuring the balance of development on the one hand and successful counteraction to external and internal threats, including hybrid ones on the other. The question of the interaction of national resilience and national security of a state is investigated, and the problem of institutional maintenance of the strategy of national resilience is set.
这项研究试图证明国家韧性的概念是一个国家在现代地缘政治条件下的文明主体的韧性。该报告还旨在确定该国的战略,一方面确保发展平衡,另一方面成功应对外部和内部威胁,包括混合威胁。研究了国家韧性与国家安全的互动问题,提出了国家韧性战略的制度维护问题。
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引用次数: 3
UKRAINE AS A DONOR OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA AND THE USSR 乌克兰作为俄罗斯和苏联经济发展的捐助者
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.02.053
S. Lisovskyi
The purpose of the research is to clarify the role of Ukraine as a donor in ensuring the development of russia and the former Soviet Union, proving of the constant negative for Ukraine movement of resources between Ukraine and the union center, identifying the consequences of such non-equivalent exchange for the population, economy, and nature of the country. The unique role of our country in the maintenance and development of Russia and the Soviet Union, in general, is confirmed on the basis of the analysis of statistical sources, many of which consist of encyclopedic publications, statistical directories, materials of congresses of the communist party, and other sources of the Soviet period, which are difficult to suspect in the submission of advantageous statistics and sympathy for Ukraine. Much attention is paid to the analysis of Ukraine’s role as the breadbasket of the USSR and the traditional looting of Ukrainian grain and other agricultural products, which lasted throughout all the time of the union, and which is now, for hundreds of years, openly carried out by the Russian aggressor on the temporarily occupied Ukrainian lands. The scientific novelty of the article lies in a comprehensive analysis of the economic, social, and environmental consequences of long-term exploitation of the integrated development potential of Ukraine.
本研究的目的是阐明乌克兰作为捐助者在确保俄罗斯和前苏联发展中的作用,证明乌克兰与联盟中心之间的资源流动对乌克兰的持续负面影响,确定这种非等价性交换对该国人口、经济和性质的后果。总的来说,我国在维护和发展俄罗斯和苏联方面的独特作用是在分析统计来源的基础上得到证实的,其中许多统计来源包括百科全书式出版物,统计目录,共产党代表大会资料和苏联时期的其他来源,这些资料在提交有利的统计数据和同情乌克兰方面很难怀疑。对乌克兰作为苏联粮仓的作用和掠夺乌克兰谷物和其他农产品的传统进行了大量的关注,这种掠夺贯穿了整个联盟时期,现在,数百年来,俄罗斯侵略者在暂时占领的乌克兰土地上公开进行了这种掠夺。本文的科学新颖之处在于对乌克兰综合发展潜力长期开发的经济、社会和环境后果进行了全面分析。
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引用次数: 1
EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS AND THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING IN ITS ASSESSMENT METHODS 保护区的有效管理及其功能分区在评估方法中的作用
Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.15407/ugz2022.02.064
A.V. Varukha
The article aims to define the role of functional zoning in the effective management of protected areas and to analyze the main methods of assessing the protected area (PA) management effectiveness. The research was performed using general scientific research methods. Methods and factors that should be taken into account when developing functional zoning are highlighted. The significant potential for the use of functional zoning to improve PA’s management is pointed out, in particular, through methodological improvement, implementation of international experience, including IUCN recommendations, and ensuring the balance between zones. The analysis of the basic methods of protected areas management effectiveness is carried out. The role of spatial organization and functional zoning in achieving high-performance indicators of PAs management in protected areas management effectiveness assessments is indicated. For the first time, the peculiarities of the integration of the indicators of the criterion of functional zoning into the methodology of assessing the effectiveness of management of PAs and the need for its wider implementation in these methodologies are identified.
本文旨在界定功能分区在保护区有效管理中的作用,并分析评估保护区管理有效性的主要方法。这项研究采用了一般的科学研究方法。强调了制定功能分区时应考虑的方法和因素。指出了利用功能分区来改善巴勒斯坦权力机构管理的巨大潜力,特别是通过改进方法、实施国际经验,包括国际自然保护联盟的建议,以及确保区域之间的平衡。对保护区管理有效性的基本方法进行了分析。指出了空间组织和功能分区在保护区管理有效性评估中实现保护区管理高性能指标方面的作用。首次确定了将功能分区标准的指标纳入评估PA管理有效性的方法中的特点,以及在这些方法中更广泛地实施该标准的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Ukrainian Geographical Journal
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