Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512141
Z. Psenakova, M. Šmondrk, J. Barabas, G. Lo Sciuto, M. Beňová
The proposed paper deals with simulation and analysis of the radiofrequency field (2.4 GHz) inside the human tissue using a multi-layered skin and pacemaker model. The research was carried out using electromagnetic modelling based on the Finite Integration method. The simulations were performed in terms of computing electric field distributions calculated for four different hypodermis layer thickness. The focus was on near-field exposure modelled by PIFA antenna, commonly used in handheld devices. The results have shown that higher hypodermis layer causes higher absorption of electromagnetic field which leads to lower values of electric field strength on the pacemaker casing.
{"title":"Simulation and assessment of pacemaker RF exposure (2.4 GHz) by PIFA antenna","authors":"Z. Psenakova, M. Šmondrk, J. Barabas, G. Lo Sciuto, M. Beňová","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512141","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed paper deals with simulation and analysis of the radiofrequency field (2.4 GHz) inside the human tissue using a multi-layered skin and pacemaker model. The research was carried out using electromagnetic modelling based on the Finite Integration method. The simulations were performed in terms of computing electric field distributions calculated for four different hypodermis layer thickness. The focus was on near-field exposure modelled by PIFA antenna, commonly used in handheld devices. The results have shown that higher hypodermis layer causes higher absorption of electromagnetic field which leads to lower values of electric field strength on the pacemaker casing.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115548568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512097
Michal Repak, A. Otcenásová, M. Regula, Roman Bodnar
This paper deals with hardware design of power stage of three phase power converter for model of photovoltaic power plant. The device is designed for the three-phase 22 kV power line model. It contains also description individual parts of proposed power converters (i.e. DC-DC and DC-AC) output filter and auxiliary circuits for measuring electrical parameters that are necessary for control of power converter. It also includes a simulation model of the power converter in Multisim. The model of Photovoltaic power plant can be used for emulating the Smart grids along with other models of renewable energy sources.
{"title":"Design of power converter for model of photovoltaic power plant","authors":"Michal Repak, A. Otcenásová, M. Regula, Roman Bodnar","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512097","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with hardware design of power stage of three phase power converter for model of photovoltaic power plant. The device is designed for the three-phase 22 kV power line model. It contains also description individual parts of proposed power converters (i.e. DC-DC and DC-AC) output filter and auxiliary circuits for measuring electrical parameters that are necessary for control of power converter. It also includes a simulation model of the power converter in Multisim. The model of Photovoltaic power plant can be used for emulating the Smart grids along with other models of renewable energy sources.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115916891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512128
I. Gálová, M. Gála, M. Beňová, M. Šmondrk
This article deals with pacemaker sensitivity measurements. Sensitivity in this case is defined as the ability of the pacemaker to recognize the patient's own intrinsic rhythm. The Fluke IMPULSE 7000DP was used for sensitivity measurements in our laboratory environment. However, this commercial device is limited by pulse width of the pacemaker - the minimum pulse width which this device can recognize is one millisecond. Therefore a custom measurement system was developed which consists of two interconnected parts. The first part is a software tool (MATLAB / Simulink) and the second one is a data acquisition card AD622 from Humusoft Company.
{"title":"Sensitivity measurement of short pulse width pacemakers","authors":"I. Gálová, M. Gála, M. Beňová, M. Šmondrk","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512128","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with pacemaker sensitivity measurements. Sensitivity in this case is defined as the ability of the pacemaker to recognize the patient's own intrinsic rhythm. The Fluke IMPULSE 7000DP was used for sensitivity measurements in our laboratory environment. However, this commercial device is limited by pulse width of the pacemaker - the minimum pulse width which this device can recognize is one millisecond. Therefore a custom measurement system was developed which consists of two interconnected parts. The first part is a software tool (MATLAB / Simulink) and the second one is a data acquisition card AD622 from Humusoft Company.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124372587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512082
T. Fedor, J. Vittek, P. Butko, Ľ. Struharňanský
The article describes exploitation of a new novel control technique - Sliding Mode for design and control of a robotic system. Method for the design of switching surface is presented and possibility of second and third order prescribed behavior in sliding movement is shown. The resulting system behavior can be describe by it transfer function and characteristics generally used for linear systems can be used for prediction of final system output response. The control structure is implemented in microcontroller with simplified acceleration feedback based on current measurement. This simplification is sufficient for testing of linear principles.
{"title":"Linear features of robot servo-system controlled in sliding mode","authors":"T. Fedor, J. Vittek, P. Butko, Ľ. Struharňanský","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512082","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes exploitation of a new novel control technique - Sliding Mode for design and control of a robotic system. Method for the design of switching surface is presented and possibility of second and third order prescribed behavior in sliding movement is shown. The resulting system behavior can be describe by it transfer function and characteristics generally used for linear systems can be used for prediction of final system output response. The control structure is implemented in microcontroller with simplified acceleration feedback based on current measurement. This simplification is sufficient for testing of linear principles.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"828 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114049138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512084
S. Girshin, A. Bubenchikov, T. V. Bubenchikova, V. Goryunov, D. Osipov
Modelling of thermal processes in four-wire insulated (XLPE) cables at asymmetric load is considered. The model is based on the connection between the electric energy losses from the conductor temperature, the heat exchange between the phases, and load conditions. Methods uses based on the finite element method of chain-field approach to the construction of mathematical models describing the thermal processes in the four-cable system. It is shown that the error in the calculation of the existing and the new method is essential that indicate the need to consider the actual temperature of conductors and their mutual arrangement. The proposed load model can be used to calculate the loss of electric power networks with insulated wires.
{"title":"Mathematical model of electric energy losses calculating in crosslinked four-wire polyethylene insulated (XLPE) aerial bundled cables","authors":"S. Girshin, A. Bubenchikov, T. V. Bubenchikova, V. Goryunov, D. Osipov","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512084","url":null,"abstract":"Modelling of thermal processes in four-wire insulated (XLPE) cables at asymmetric load is considered. The model is based on the connection between the electric energy losses from the conductor temperature, the heat exchange between the phases, and load conditions. Methods uses based on the finite element method of chain-field approach to the construction of mathematical models describing the thermal processes in the four-cable system. It is shown that the error in the calculation of the existing and the new method is essential that indicate the need to consider the actual temperature of conductors and their mutual arrangement. The proposed load model can be used to calculate the loss of electric power networks with insulated wires.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512040
R. Jan, Brida Peter, Machaj Juraj
This paper compares the quality of inertial sensors implemented in various smartphones in terms of their orientation. Accelerometer and gyroscope of different smartphones have been used for testing. Measured sensors data served to estimate orientation of smartphone in three dimensional space. For this purpose we need to know the smartphone orientation in all three axes. Both sensors have negative properties, but data fusion of the sensors can eliminate the negative impacts. Data fusion has been done by complementary filter. Accelerometer measures all forces acting on it and causes seemingly noisy output data, on the other hand accelerometer has stable output data in term of levels. Bias is important parameter of gyroscope and it is defined as a difference between output data and the mean value of gyroscope at the time when gyroscope is static.
{"title":"Comparison of output data from inertial sensors in smartphones","authors":"R. Jan, Brida Peter, Machaj Juraj","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512040","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares the quality of inertial sensors implemented in various smartphones in terms of their orientation. Accelerometer and gyroscope of different smartphones have been used for testing. Measured sensors data served to estimate orientation of smartphone in three dimensional space. For this purpose we need to know the smartphone orientation in all three axes. Both sensors have negative properties, but data fusion of the sensors can eliminate the negative impacts. Data fusion has been done by complementary filter. Accelerometer measures all forces acting on it and causes seemingly noisy output data, on the other hand accelerometer has stable output data in term of levels. Bias is important parameter of gyroscope and it is defined as a difference between output data and the mean value of gyroscope at the time when gyroscope is static.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115881050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512164
P. Hockicko, G. Tarjányiová
This paper reports on the students' understanding of the term force. The standardized FCI test was used in order to analyse their concepts at the beginning and the end of term (pre and post-test). The survey results indicate that the students' overall understanding of this term has improved at the end of the term; however, some misconceptions about the force, its operations and effects are still remaining. The authors also point at the low level of input and output knowledge of the first year students in comparison with the students from other countries and they suggest some possible solutions to this problem.
{"title":"Force concept inventory of first year students attending faculty of electrical engineering","authors":"P. Hockicko, G. Tarjányiová","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512164","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the students' understanding of the term force. The standardized FCI test was used in order to analyse their concepts at the beginning and the end of term (pre and post-test). The survey results indicate that the students' overall understanding of this term has improved at the end of the term; however, some misconceptions about the force, its operations and effects are still remaining. The authors also point at the low level of input and output knowledge of the first year students in comparison with the students from other countries and they suggest some possible solutions to this problem.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121536433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512153
D. Kacik, I. Martincek, N. Tarjányi, M. Kuba
A compact optical fiber sensor coated with polydimethylsiloxane for detection of organic volatile compounds (e.g. toluene) has been developed and tested. The sensor consists of two mirrors (two optical fiber ends) facing to each other and a variable length cavity. One fiber used as an input/output fiber, and the other one, used as a reflector are aligned using a PDMS coating and together form Fabry-Perot interferometer. We investigated toluene impact on the spectral characteristic of reflected light power in time. Using FFT we determine the period of interference pattern of measured characteristic depending on the time. We also detect that the change in temperature within range from 20°C to 50°C does not affect the period of interference pattern.
{"title":"Polydimethylsiloxane coated optical fiber sensor for detection of organic volatile compounds","authors":"D. Kacik, I. Martincek, N. Tarjányi, M. Kuba","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512153","url":null,"abstract":"A compact optical fiber sensor coated with polydimethylsiloxane for detection of organic volatile compounds (e.g. toluene) has been developed and tested. The sensor consists of two mirrors (two optical fiber ends) facing to each other and a variable length cavity. One fiber used as an input/output fiber, and the other one, used as a reflector are aligned using a PDMS coating and together form Fabry-Perot interferometer. We investigated toluene impact on the spectral characteristic of reflected light power in time. Using FFT we determine the period of interference pattern of measured characteristic depending on the time. We also detect that the change in temperature within range from 20°C to 50°C does not affect the period of interference pattern.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123482252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512154
J. Kúdelčík, P. Bury, Š. Hardoň, M. Sedlačík, M. Mrlík
The changes in structural arrangement in silicon oil based magneto-rheological fluids with carbonyl iron particles upon the effect of an external magnetic were studied by acoustic spectroscopy. The attenuation of acoustic waves was measured for a jump change of the magnetic field at temperature 20 °C for various magnetic particles concentrations. The relaxation effects for the acoustic attenuation after switching off the magnetic field and its decrease to the same value as for clean synthetic oil were observed. The change in attenuation coefficients of acoustic waves in magneto-rheological fluid versus angle between the wave vector and direction of the applied magnetic field has been measured, too. From the measured anisotropy of attenuation coefficient structural change of magneto-rheological fluid in the magnetic field is evident. The observed influences of the magnetic field and concentration on the investigated liquids structure are discussed.
{"title":"Study of structural changes in magneto-rheological fluids by acoustic spectroscopy","authors":"J. Kúdelčík, P. Bury, Š. Hardoň, M. Sedlačík, M. Mrlík","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512154","url":null,"abstract":"The changes in structural arrangement in silicon oil based magneto-rheological fluids with carbonyl iron particles upon the effect of an external magnetic were studied by acoustic spectroscopy. The attenuation of acoustic waves was measured for a jump change of the magnetic field at temperature 20 °C for various magnetic particles concentrations. The relaxation effects for the acoustic attenuation after switching off the magnetic field and its decrease to the same value as for clean synthetic oil were observed. The change in attenuation coefficients of acoustic waves in magneto-rheological fluid versus angle between the wave vector and direction of the applied magnetic field has been measured, too. From the measured anisotropy of attenuation coefficient structural change of magneto-rheological fluid in the magnetic field is evident. The observed influences of the magnetic field and concentration on the investigated liquids structure are discussed.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115671067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512138
M. Kysela, M. Kolář
This article describes a method of measurements and construction solution of the device for determining the viscoelastic characteristics of soft tissues, so called Myotonometer. The device was constructed in order to objectivize and standardize measured parameters of tissues and allow for better diagnosis of the tissue condition, compare various types of tissues and observe the development of the illness and the effect of the treatment in case of illness.
{"title":"Myotonometer — Device for measurements of viscoelastic characteristics of soft tissues","authors":"M. Kysela, M. Kolář","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2016.7512138","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a method of measurements and construction solution of the device for determining the viscoelastic characteristics of soft tissues, so called Myotonometer. The device was constructed in order to objectivize and standardize measured parameters of tissues and allow for better diagnosis of the tissue condition, compare various types of tissues and observe the development of the illness and the effect of the treatment in case of illness.","PeriodicalId":369251,"journal":{"name":"2016 ELEKTRO","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123110692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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