Cristian Camilo Osorio Gómez, Rodrigo F. Herrera, Eugenio Pellicer, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizabal-Torres
Construction is a sector that has been operating with lower productivity rates than other industries; historically, it has used artisanal methods, which have generated low competitiveness and efficiency, leading to considerable cost overruns and waste. For these reasons, the industrial revolution 4.0 is a movement involving large-scale changes and a transversal implementation of technology in industries' value chains. In the same way, the basic principles of Industry 4.0 can be applied to the construction sector in the term Construction 4.0, a movement that seeks to integrate new technologies with the processes of the industry, generating added value that allows for increased productivity, and close gaps with other industries. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis focused on Cluster analysis is presented, which allows knowing the research state of Construction 4.0 and its implications in developing the Construction sector. The search equation in the Web of Science (WOS) database was queried by topic (Construction 4.0), from which 225 scientific articles related to the subject were obtained. These articles are directly related to this new movement from new materials, more efficient construction processes, BIM, Digital Twin (DT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and other topics of research relevance in Construction 4.0. The main results show low research participation of Latin America in implementing technologies and methodologies offered by Construction 4.0. In contrast, developed countries, such as the United Kingdom, China, the United States, and Australia, show a greater interest in research and adopting these trends.
{"title":"Construction 4.0: Cluster analysis and Research perspectives.","authors":"Cristian Camilo Osorio Gómez, Rodrigo F. Herrera, Eugenio Pellicer, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizabal-Torres","doi":"10.7764/ric.00083.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00083.21","url":null,"abstract":"Construction is a sector that has been operating with lower productivity rates than other industries; historically, it has used artisanal methods, which have generated low competitiveness and efficiency, leading to considerable cost overruns and waste. For these reasons, the industrial revolution 4.0 is a movement involving large-scale changes and a transversal implementation of technology in industries' value chains. In the same way, the basic principles of Industry 4.0 can be applied to the construction sector in the term Construction 4.0, a movement that seeks to integrate new technologies with the processes of the industry, generating added value that allows for increased productivity, and close gaps with other industries. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis focused on Cluster analysis is presented, which allows knowing the research state of Construction 4.0 and its implications in developing the Construction sector. The search equation in the Web of Science (WOS) database was queried by topic (Construction 4.0), from which 225 scientific articles related to the subject were obtained. These articles are directly related to this new movement from new materials, more efficient construction processes, BIM, Digital Twin (DT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and other topics of research relevance in Construction 4.0. The main results show low research participation of Latin America in implementing technologies and methodologies offered by Construction 4.0. In contrast, developed countries, such as the United Kingdom, China, the United States, and Australia, show a greater interest in research and adopting these trends.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139225547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To bring an challenging and acceptable change in construction industry, upcoming graduates have to be much aware of alternate materials to be used in conventional concrete with improved performances and this study can be an encouraging approach to them. Many research studies have investigated the possible use of industrial by-products such as fly ash from thermal power plants, red mud from aluminium manufacturing industry, copper slag from copper smelting industry, GGBS from steel industry, and waste foundry sand from metal casting industries in cement concrete production. Here, it is investigated on the possibility of utilizing two industrial by-products in the production of concrete for achieving sustainable development. Metakaolin is used for replacing a specific percentage of cement, and waste marble powder and waste foundry sand are used to replace different percentages of conventional fine aggregates (sand) for producing a sustainable concrete. It is observed from the results that properties of cement concrete are influenced by the percentage content of metakaolin, waste marble powder and waste foundry sand.
{"title":"Study On Effect Of Marble Powder And Waste Foundry Sand As Fine Aggregates On The Properties Of Metakaolin-Cement Concrete","authors":"N. Sakthieswaran","doi":"10.7764/ric.00084.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00084.21","url":null,"abstract":"To bring an challenging and acceptable change in construction industry, upcoming graduates have to be much aware of alternate materials to be used in conventional concrete with improved performances and this study can be an encouraging approach to them. Many research studies have investigated the possible use of industrial by-products such as fly ash from thermal power plants, red mud from aluminium manufacturing industry, copper slag from copper smelting industry, GGBS from steel industry, and waste foundry sand from metal casting industries in cement concrete production. Here, it is investigated on the possibility of utilizing two industrial by-products in the production of concrete for achieving sustainable development. Metakaolin is used for replacing a specific percentage of cement, and waste marble powder and waste foundry sand are used to replace different percentages of conventional fine aggregates (sand) for producing a sustainable concrete. It is observed from the results that properties of cement concrete are influenced by the percentage content of metakaolin, waste marble powder and waste foundry sand.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139222602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
En la actualidad, el diseño de mezclas tradicional no logra optimizar adecuadamente los tiempos involucrados. Por lo tanto, se propone utilizar el método de las redes neuronales para mejorar la eficiencia en términos de tiempo y acceso a lugares difíciles, así como en el transporte al laboratorio. El objetivo principal es aplicar técnicas de aprendizaje profundo (deep learning) para evaluar la calidad de un agregado de cantera y determinar si cumple con las especificaciones requeridas para su uso en concreto, de acuerdo con las normativas vigentes. La metodología consistió en recopilar 20 imágenes por muestra, la obtención del análisis de granulometría, se consideró 2 canteras del departamento de Junín Satipo (Sonomoro y Llaylla) y 1 cantera del departamento de Cusco (Vicho), con un total de 13 muestras, en el presente artículo realizado se ubica dentro tipo de investigación experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados se obtuvieron a través de la ejecución del algoritmo Yolo, con la detección de imágenes, obteniendo el 93.20%, según la norma técnica peruana (NTP 400.12, 2001), con una desviación típica de 0,96 %. El algoritmo fue entrenado según los tamices dados en la norma técnica peruana (NTP 350.001, 1970). En conclusión, el uso del algoritmo en el análisis de los datos ha permitido reducir significativamente el tiempo requerido para llevar a cabo la evaluación física y ha mejorado el estudio del agregado de manera efectiva.
{"title":"Análisis granulométrico de agregado para el concreto a través de un algoritmo basado en redes neuronales (Deep Learning)","authors":"Delia Gutierrez Layme, Hamhit Lopez Hinostroza, Rubén Fitzgerald Sosa Aquise","doi":"10.7764/ric.00079.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00079.21","url":null,"abstract":"En la actualidad, el diseño de mezclas tradicional no logra optimizar adecuadamente los tiempos involucrados. Por lo tanto, se propone utilizar el método de las redes neuronales para mejorar la eficiencia en términos de tiempo y acceso a lugares difíciles, así como en el transporte al laboratorio. El objetivo principal es aplicar técnicas de aprendizaje profundo (deep learning) para evaluar la calidad de un agregado de cantera y determinar si cumple con las especificaciones requeridas para su uso en concreto, de acuerdo con las normativas vigentes. La metodología consistió en recopilar 20 imágenes por muestra, la obtención del análisis de granulometría, se consideró 2 canteras del departamento de Junín Satipo (Sonomoro y Llaylla) y 1 cantera del departamento de Cusco (Vicho), con un total de 13 muestras, en el presente artículo realizado se ubica dentro tipo de investigación experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados se obtuvieron a través de la ejecución del algoritmo Yolo, con la detección de imágenes, obteniendo el 93.20%, según la norma técnica peruana (NTP 400.12, 2001), con una desviación típica de 0,96 %. El algoritmo fue entrenado según los tamices dados en la norma técnica peruana (NTP 350.001, 1970). En conclusión, el uso del algoritmo en el análisis de los datos ha permitido reducir significativamente el tiempo requerido para llevar a cabo la evaluación física y ha mejorado el estudio del agregado de manera efectiva.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Goutham, A. J. Krishnaiah, Revista Ingeniería de Construcción
Bagasse ash (BA) is a non-environmental waste product gathered from sugarcane manufacturing industries. As a result of the large accumulation and shortage of disposal yards, handling BA has become an immediate challenge. This paper presents studies on the Atterberg limit, shrinkage index, linear shrinkage after 7 days of curing, compaction, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests (following 7 days of curing) of BA and lime-BA assorted expansive soil (ES) by differing BA content from 0 to 18% at an interval of 3% and adding 4% lime by dry weight of ES. The outcomes disclosed that the inclusion of BA and lime beneficially controls the shrinkage attribute. According to the research, changes in moisture-density correlations resulted in reduced maximum dry densities (MDD) and greater optimal moisture content (OMC). The volume change characteristic of ES can be mitigated by mixing BA and lime. In addition, test findings showed that both BA and lime-BA enhanced axial stress while reducing axial strain. As a result, a substance that was once thought to be a misery to the environment and society has become a benefit to the civil engineering industry.
甘蔗渣灰（BA）是甘蔗制造业产生的一种非环境废物。由于蔗渣灰的大量堆积和处理场的短缺，蔗渣灰的处理已成为一项紧迫的挑战。本文研究了 BA 和石灰-BA 混合膨胀土（ES）的阿特伯极限、收缩指数、固化 7 天后的线性收缩、压实度和无压抗压强度（UCS）测试（固化 7 天后），BA 含量从 0% 到 18%，间隔为 3%，并按 ES 干重添加 4% 的石灰。研究结果表明，添加 BA 和石灰可有效控制收缩属性。研究表明，水分-密度相关性的变化导致最大干密度（MDD）降低，最佳水分含量（OMC）增加。ES 的体积变化特性可以通过混合 BA 和石灰来缓解。此外，试验结果表明，BA 和石灰-BA 都能增强轴向应力，同时降低轴向应变。因此，这种曾被认为会给环境和社会带来灾难的物质已成为土木工程行业的一种福利。
{"title":"Shrinkage and Strength Characteristics of Expansive Soil Amended with Bagasse Ash and Lime","authors":"D. Goutham, A. J. Krishnaiah, Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","doi":"10.7764/ric.00082.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00082.21","url":null,"abstract":"Bagasse ash (BA) is a non-environmental waste product gathered from sugarcane manufacturing industries. As a result of the large accumulation and shortage of disposal yards, handling BA has become an immediate challenge. This paper presents studies on the Atterberg limit, shrinkage index, linear shrinkage after 7 days of curing, compaction, and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests (following 7 days of curing) of BA and lime-BA assorted expansive soil (ES) by differing BA content from 0 to 18% at an interval of 3% and adding 4% lime by dry weight of ES. The outcomes disclosed that the inclusion of BA and lime beneficially controls the shrinkage attribute. According to the research, changes in moisture-density correlations resulted in reduced maximum dry densities (MDD) and greater optimal moisture content (OMC). The volume change characteristic of ES can be mitigated by mixing BA and lime. In addition, test findings showed that both BA and lime-BA enhanced axial stress while reducing axial strain. As a result, a substance that was once thought to be a misery to the environment and society has become a benefit to the civil engineering industry.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"274 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139244583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple studies have found that productivity in Chilean construction has been stagnated during recent decades; thus, creating the need to understand better what factors have led to these results in the construction sector. In the international literature, studies have found that changes are the leading cause of productivity losses in construction projects; however, limited studies have been done in Chile in this regard. This context is understood as an opportunity to learn from the existing literature about the impact of changes in construction productivity, more importantly, such learning can contribute to the discussion of productivity improvement in the Chilean construction sector. This study recommends that more studies are necessary to be done in Chile regarding the impact of changes in construction projects. Namely, future studies should be based on an extensive database of projects so that generalization can be drawn for the construction industry. Additionally, the data collection process of changes in construction should be improved, paying specific attention to the size of changes, the timing of changes, and the scale of assessment—namely activity, project, and industry levels. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute to the discussion about productivity improvement in Chilean construction as this remains one of the main challenges in the industry
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF CHANGES IN CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY: A STATE OF THE ART REVIEW","authors":"F. Araya","doi":"10.7764/ric.00001.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00001.21","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple studies have found that productivity in Chilean construction has been stagnated during recent decades; thus, creating the need to understand better what factors have led to these results in the construction sector. In the international literature, studies have found that changes are the leading cause of productivity losses in construction projects; however, limited studies have been done in Chile in this regard. This context is understood as an opportunity to learn from the existing literature about the impact of changes in construction productivity, more importantly, such learning can contribute to the discussion of productivity improvement in the Chilean construction sector. This study recommends that more studies are necessary to be done in Chile regarding the impact of changes in construction projects. Namely, future studies should be based on an extensive database of projects so that generalization can be drawn for the construction industry. Additionally, the data collection process of changes in construction should be improved, paying specific attention to the size of changes, the timing of changes, and the scale of assessment—namely activity, project, and industry levels. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute to the discussion about productivity improvement in Chilean construction as this remains one of the main challenges in the industry","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130843149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia Pilatasig, R. Aguiar, Brian Cagua, Oscar Andachi, Pablo Ceron
The Pedernales earthquake in 2016 affected several structures, an example is the UVC in the city of Manta, in which a post-earthquake reinforcement with inverted V-shaped diagonals was performed. This paper presents an analysis of the structure without reinforcement and with longitudinal reinforcement, using functions of the CEINCI-LAB Computational System to determine displacements, drifts, and floor shear, in a seismic analysis with the spectral and static equivalent modal method using the spectrum of Manta 2016. In addition, the demand is determined according to the NEC-15 load combinations, using the live, dead and earthquake load states; for the verification of the axial capacity of columns, the effect of the earthquake is used, considering the over-resistance. After that, a design by capacity is carried out in the structure without reinforcement, based on the capacity of the beams, and in the case of reinforcement, an analysis is carried out based on the capacity of the diagonals. It is observed that both the original structure and the reinforcement do not comply with the earthquake resistant philosophy, and it is likely that an earthquake will be affected in a future.
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE REINFORCEMENT OF A STEEL STRUCTURE WITH CONCENTRIC DIAGONALS. MANTA UVC CASE","authors":"Julia Pilatasig, R. Aguiar, Brian Cagua, Oscar Andachi, Pablo Ceron","doi":"10.7764/ric.00004.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00004.21","url":null,"abstract":"The Pedernales earthquake in 2016 affected several structures, an example is the UVC in the city of Manta, in which a post-earthquake reinforcement with inverted V-shaped diagonals was performed. This paper presents an analysis of the structure without reinforcement and with longitudinal reinforcement, using functions of the CEINCI-LAB Computational System to determine displacements, drifts, and floor shear, in a seismic analysis with the spectral and static equivalent modal method using the spectrum of Manta 2016. In addition, the demand is determined according to the NEC-15 load combinations, using the live, dead and earthquake load states; for the verification of the axial capacity of columns, the effect of the earthquake is used, considering the over-resistance. After that, a design by capacity is carried out in the structure without reinforcement, based on the capacity of the beams, and in the case of reinforcement, an analysis is carried out based on the capacity of the diagonals. It is observed that both the original structure and the reinforcement do not comply with the earthquake resistant philosophy, and it is likely that an earthquake will be affected in a future.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114595592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction companies have achieved different levels of BIM use and in some developed countries, it is very advanced. Traditionally, the use of BIM has been evaluated by maturity models; however, it does not provide an integral evaluation of BIM use. BIM Use Assessment (BUA) was proposed as a tool to satisfy this need, it is based on the evaluation of several states that compose necessary characteristics to perform each BIM use successfully. BUA was applied to measure projects that have BIM advanced use in Colombia, Chile, and Spain. However, there is none an integral evaluation in the early stages of BIM use. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the incipient BIM use. Accordingly, 23 private Ecuadorian projects, were evaluated using BUA. As expected, the analyzed projects have lower levels than the other projects evaluated by BUA. The high percentage of projects were at the levels that require the appropriate use of 3D models, and the collaboration issues were common deficiencies. This research results could be used in the development of strategies to reduce mistakes; thus, leading to an agile BIM implementation.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF BIM USE IN THE EARLY STAGES OF IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"Karen Arellano Escobar, Alexis Iván Andrade Valles, Tito Castillo, R. Herrera","doi":"10.7764/ric.00005.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ric.00005.21","url":null,"abstract":"The construction companies have achieved different levels of BIM use and in some developed countries, it is very advanced. Traditionally, the use of BIM has been evaluated by maturity models; however, it does not provide an integral evaluation of BIM use. BIM Use Assessment (BUA) was proposed as a tool to satisfy this need, it is based on the evaluation of several states that compose necessary characteristics to perform each BIM use successfully. BUA was applied to measure projects that have BIM advanced use in Colombia, Chile, and Spain. However, there is none an integral evaluation in the early stages of BIM use. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the incipient BIM use. Accordingly, 23 private Ecuadorian projects, were evaluated using BUA. As expected, the analyzed projects have lower levels than the other projects evaluated by BUA. The high percentage of projects were at the levels that require the appropriate use of 3D models, and the collaboration issues were common deficiencies. This research results could be used in the development of strategies to reduce mistakes; thus, leading to an agile BIM implementation.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121568988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732021000200233
L. Ebensperger, J. P. Donoso
Se presenta una metodologia de Diagnostico de Estructuras complementaria a la Inspeccion Visual, que permite mediante la ejecucion in-situ de ensayos no-destructivos (END), entregar como resultado una evaluacion cuantitativa integral del “Estado de Salud” de los distintos elementos. Lo anterior permite contar con informacion fundamental para ajustar los ciclos de mantencion o tomar decisiones a tiempo de situaciones criticas, con el objetivo de asegurar el desempeno futuro. La metodologia propuesta considera la ejecucion de END para determinar el estado de las armaduras de refuerzo, las caracteristicas del hormigon de recubrimiento, y la presencia de grietas. Mediante la extraccion de testigos de menor tamano (1”) se determina el avance de la carbonatacion o cloruros. Los resultados medidos en terreno son ponderados para determinar un Indice de Deterioro ID. Los aspectos de agresividad del ambiente son considerados mediante un Indice de Exposicion Ambiental IEA. La incorporacion de los resultados al Modelo CTK-ConDiag permite la combinacion de ambos indices, obteniendose un Nivel de Deterioro Global de la Estructura NDGE, el cual mide en 6 niveles el grado de deterioro determinado. La metodologia propuesta se presenta con resultados del estudio realizado en dos puentes ubicados en Chile en condiciones climaticas diferentes.
{"title":"New methodology for assessment of reinforced concrete structures with non-destructive testing","authors":"L. Ebensperger, J. P. Donoso","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732021000200233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732021000200233","url":null,"abstract":"Se presenta una metodologia de Diagnostico de Estructuras complementaria a la Inspeccion Visual, que permite mediante la ejecucion in-situ de ensayos no-destructivos (END), entregar como resultado una evaluacion cuantitativa integral del “Estado de Salud” de los distintos elementos. Lo anterior permite contar con informacion fundamental para ajustar los ciclos de mantencion o tomar decisiones a tiempo de situaciones criticas, con el objetivo de asegurar el desempeno futuro. La metodologia propuesta considera la ejecucion de END para determinar el estado de las armaduras de refuerzo, las caracteristicas del hormigon de recubrimiento, y la presencia de grietas. Mediante la extraccion de testigos de menor tamano (1”) se determina el avance de la carbonatacion o cloruros. Los resultados medidos en terreno son ponderados para determinar un Indice de Deterioro ID. Los aspectos de agresividad del ambiente son considerados mediante un Indice de Exposicion Ambiental IEA. La incorporacion de los resultados al Modelo CTK-ConDiag permite la combinacion de ambos indices, obteniendose un Nivel de Deterioro Global de la Estructura NDGE, el cual mide en 6 niveles el grado de deterioro determinado. La metodologia propuesta se presenta con resultados del estudio realizado en dos puentes ubicados en Chile en condiciones climaticas diferentes.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114722001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732021000200142
Alex Macedo, A. Castro
The main purpose of fiber reinforcement in concrete is to increase the post-cracking resistance of the composite, which reflects on toughness gain, being steel fibers traditionally used for this purpose. In recent years, an alternative to the steel fibers has emerged in the market for concrete reinforcement: the macro-polymeric fiber. However, there is few research on its performance as a reinforcement element in concrete, particularly when it is a high strength concrete. Given this, the behavior of high strength concrete, without fiber and with macro-polymeric fiber, both in fresh and hardened state, is analyzed in this paper. The workability was evaluated by the slump test and the mechanical properties were evaluated by the tests of compressive strength, Barcelona, flexure of prisms and punching of plates. It was found that, depending on the property to be analyzed, the increase of the macro-polymeric fiber content may be unfeasible. In the flexural test in prisms, for example, most parameters evaluated showed no significant changes when increasing the fiber content. In addition, it was observed that the same concrete mixture may present different behavior depending on the test performed.
{"title":"Behavior analysis of high strength concrete containing macro-polymeric fibers based on workability and mechanical properties","authors":"Alex Macedo, A. Castro","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732021000200142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732021000200142","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of fiber reinforcement in concrete is to increase the post-cracking resistance of the composite, which reflects on toughness gain, being steel fibers traditionally used for this purpose. In recent years, an alternative to the steel fibers has emerged in the market for concrete reinforcement: the macro-polymeric fiber. However, there is few research on its performance as a reinforcement element in concrete, particularly when it is a high strength concrete. Given this, the behavior of high strength concrete, without fiber and with macro-polymeric fiber, both in fresh and hardened state, is analyzed in this paper. The workability was evaluated by the slump test and the mechanical properties were evaluated by the tests of compressive strength, Barcelona, flexure of prisms and punching of plates. It was found that, depending on the property to be analyzed, the increase of the macro-polymeric fiber content may be unfeasible. In the flexural test in prisms, for example, most parameters evaluated showed no significant changes when increasing the fiber content. In addition, it was observed that the same concrete mixture may present different behavior depending on the test performed.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128100031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732021000200117
A. Sakban, A. Mashrei
In the current study, the finite element method using the ABAQUS program is employed to investigate the shear behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer CFRP. Load-deflection curves, modes of failure and the pattern of the cracks are studied. Also, the influence of compression strength of concrete, the configuration of CFRP (U shape and 2 side bond shape) and shear span to depth ratio (a/h ratio). The results show that the shear capacity of RC beams strengthened by CFRP increased by a maximum percentage of up to 111.7% compared to the unstrengthened beam. Also, it is found that by increasing the compressive strength of concrete from 40 MPa to 65 MPa the load-carrying capacity increases by 28% and the stiffness also increased, while the decrease of shear span to depth ratio from 1.66 to 2.33 leads to increasing the shear capacity by 23%. The maximum load of beam strengthened with U shape increased by up to11.5% when compared with the same beam strengthened with two side bond shapes of CFRP. However, the gain in the strength was reached to 22.7% for beams strengthened with CFRP laminate compare to unstrengthened beams. The strengthening of RC beams by CFRP laminates using the near surface mounted (NSM) technique is more efficient than the externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) technique for all beams in the shear behavior. The finite element models provide a good level of accuracy compared to experimental results and ACI-440.
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