Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732020000200135
J. Hernández, J. L. M. Santos
Anualmente acontecen millones de accidentes y miles de fallecimientos derivados de la actividad laboral, siendo el 30% de estos siniestros aportados por la construccion civil. Conociendo que este sector es uno de los motores de las economias iberoamericanas, se torna relevante identificar el comportamiento de la siniestralidad laboral de dicha industria en la region. Por tal motivo, este articulo presenta como objetivo principal el desarrollo de un analisis sobre la accidentalidad laboral iberoamericana en el sector construccion, con base en resultados obtenidos de fuentes estadisticas oficiales para el periodo 2013-2017. El estudio en mencion se llevo a cabo mediante investigaciones cuantitativas, observaciones estadisticas, determinacion de correlaciones y uso de los metodos multicriterio AHP y TOPSIS. De esta investigacion se obtuvieron como resultados principales: la caracterizacion de la accidentalidad, un ranking Iberoamericano de siniestralidad y el analisis de aspectos basicos exigidos a empleadores de cada pais involucrado. Asimismo, se consiguio identificar que en el periodo de analisis la region tuvo una mejoria en la lucha en contra de esta problematica, ya que se registro una reduccion sucesiva en las cifras de accidentalidad a traves del tiempo.
{"title":"Análisis y clasificación iberoamericana de la accidentalidad laboral en la industria de la construcción civil","authors":"J. Hernández, J. L. M. Santos","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732020000200135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732020000200135","url":null,"abstract":"Anualmente acontecen millones de accidentes y miles de fallecimientos derivados de la actividad laboral, siendo el 30% de estos siniestros aportados por la construccion civil. Conociendo que este sector es uno de los motores de las economias iberoamericanas, se torna relevante identificar el comportamiento de la siniestralidad laboral de dicha industria en la region. Por tal motivo, este articulo presenta como objetivo principal el desarrollo de un analisis sobre la accidentalidad laboral iberoamericana en el sector construccion, con base en resultados obtenidos de fuentes estadisticas oficiales para el periodo 2013-2017. El estudio en mencion se llevo a cabo mediante investigaciones cuantitativas, observaciones estadisticas, determinacion de correlaciones y uso de los metodos multicriterio AHP y TOPSIS. De esta investigacion se obtuvieron como resultados principales: la caracterizacion de la accidentalidad, un ranking Iberoamericano de siniestralidad y el analisis de aspectos basicos exigidos a empleadores de cada pais involucrado. Asimismo, se consiguio identificar que en el periodo de analisis la region tuvo una mejoria en la lucha en contra de esta problematica, ya que se registro una reduccion sucesiva en las cifras de accidentalidad a traves del tiempo.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132183672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732020000200148
A. Sakbana, M. Mashreib
This study concerns with flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) using finite element method (FEM). ABAQUS program has been used in this research. The load-deflection relationship, crack pattern, strain in the concrete at mid-span section of the beam and failure modes of all tested beams are studied. After validation of FEM model, parametric studies are presented to assess the effect of the compressive strength of concrete, thickness, and length of CFRP, and the presence of CFRP on stress in steel bars. From the current results, it can be obtained that the flexural capacity of RC beams strengthened with CFRP increased by 6.6% for beam strengthed by EBR and to 108.8% for beam strengthed by near surface mounted (NSM) compared to the reference beams. According to parametric studies, it is found that by increasing the compressive strength of concrete from 30 MPa to 70 MPa, the beam capacity increase by 25.6%, while increasing the length of CFRP from 600 mm to 900 mm leads to increase the beam capacity by 12.7%. Increasing thickness of CFRP sheet from 0.11 mm to 0.5 mm leads to an increase in the stiffness and the flexural capacity of the beam by 47.9%. Also, the results of this study approved that the strengthening of RC beams by CFRP laminates using the NSM technique is more efficient than externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) techniques and this is agreed with the experimental results. Finally, it can be concluded that the finite element model provides good accuracy compared to the experimental results and ACI-440 results .
{"title":"Análisis de elementos finitos de Vigas de Hormigón Armado CFRP","authors":"A. Sakbana, M. Mashreib","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732020000200148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732020000200148","url":null,"abstract":"This study concerns with flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) using finite element method (FEM). ABAQUS program has been used in this research. The load-deflection relationship, crack pattern, strain in the concrete at mid-span section of the beam and failure modes of all tested beams are studied. After validation of FEM model, parametric studies are presented to assess the effect of the compressive strength of concrete, thickness, and length of CFRP, and the presence of CFRP on stress in steel bars. From the current results, it can be obtained that the flexural capacity of RC beams strengthened with CFRP increased by 6.6% for beam strengthed by EBR and to 108.8% for beam strengthed by near surface mounted (NSM) compared to the reference beams. According to parametric studies, it is found that by increasing the compressive strength of concrete from 30 MPa to 70 MPa, the beam capacity increase by 25.6%, while increasing the length of CFRP from 600 mm to 900 mm leads to increase the beam capacity by 12.7%. Increasing thickness of CFRP sheet from 0.11 mm to 0.5 mm leads to an increase in the stiffness and the flexural capacity of the beam by 47.9%. Also, the results of this study approved that the strengthening of RC beams by CFRP laminates using the NSM technique is more efficient than externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) techniques and this is agreed with the experimental results. Finally, it can be concluded that the finite element model provides good accuracy compared to the experimental results and ACI-440 results .","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121152850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732020000200216
Nayra Alberici Pinto, Cesar Fabiano Fioriti, Jorge Luís Akasaki, T. Acunha, F. Okimoto
Gypsum is the oldest synthetic construction material that is known, however it is a material about which there is little knowledge at the level of research, and in this work its study took place by making composites with the incorporation of rubber tires, aiming to obtain an alternative construction material. Thus, the objective was to investigate gypsum-based composites, with a mass incorporation of 5, 10, and 15% of two grades of vulcanized rubber residue from tire retreading processes. The granulometries are referred to as thin (sieve pass-through #0.60 mm) and thick (sieve pass-through #1.19 mm). The composites were investigated in terms of consistency (mini-slump), mass density, water absorption, surface hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal behavior. The results revealed that rubber incorporation can be attractive in gypsum composites: in which the consistency decreased with the increase of the rubber content and the thick rubber granulometry favored the workability of the composites; the mass density was reduced, mainly with thin granulometry, as the rubber content in the composites increased; the water absorption showed that the high levels of rubber favor the penetration of water in the composites, regardless of the granulometry; the surface hardness showed reduced impact energy provided by the composite with 10% thin rubber; in both flexural strength and compression, the composite with 5% thin rubber showed a similar result to the control composite, while composites with 15% rubber suffered a gradual drop of up to 60 and 40%, respectively; with SEM it was observed that the thin rubber composites had smaller pores, in addition to more effective adhesion between the rubber particles; finally the rubber helps to reduce the thermal amplitudes during the day, mainly with the increase of the particle size and the rubber content .
{"title":"Rendimiento de compuestos de yeso que incorporan partículas de neumáticos de goma","authors":"Nayra Alberici Pinto, Cesar Fabiano Fioriti, Jorge Luís Akasaki, T. Acunha, F. Okimoto","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732020000200216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732020000200216","url":null,"abstract":"Gypsum is the oldest synthetic construction material that is known, however it is a material about which there is little knowledge at the level of research, and in this work its study took place by making composites with the incorporation of rubber tires, aiming to obtain an alternative construction material. Thus, the objective was to investigate gypsum-based composites, with a mass incorporation of 5, 10, and 15% of two grades of vulcanized rubber residue from tire retreading processes. The granulometries are referred to as thin (sieve pass-through #0.60 mm) and thick (sieve pass-through #1.19 mm). The composites were investigated in terms of consistency (mini-slump), mass density, water absorption, surface hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal behavior. The results revealed that rubber incorporation can be attractive in gypsum composites: in which the consistency decreased with the increase of the rubber content and the thick rubber granulometry favored the workability of the composites; the mass density was reduced, mainly with thin granulometry, as the rubber content in the composites increased; the water absorption showed that the high levels of rubber favor the penetration of water in the composites, regardless of the granulometry; the surface hardness showed reduced impact energy provided by the composite with 10% thin rubber; in both flexural strength and compression, the composite with 5% thin rubber showed a similar result to the control composite, while composites with 15% rubber suffered a gradual drop of up to 60 and 40%, respectively; with SEM it was observed that the thin rubber composites had smaller pores, in addition to more effective adhesion between the rubber particles; finally the rubber helps to reduce the thermal amplitudes during the day, mainly with the increase of the particle size and the rubber content .","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131466443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732020000100084
L. Ebensperger, J. Oyarzun, R. Torres
The recently approved Chilean standard NCh3565 for the use of Concrete Maturity to estimate the Concrete Strength has greatly facilitated the technological transfer of new wireless measurement technologies with online connection (IoT), represented by the maturity sensors. In this sense, preliminary on field tests carried out on pavements incorporating sensors in the city of Punta Arenas made it possible to detect that the assignment of the value of the Datum Temperature to the fixed value of 0 °C does not deliver the real resistance results determined by means of control cylinders and concrete cores. This work deepens on this topic proposing as a conclusion the use of a variable value of Datum Temperature for cold climates .
{"title":"Determinación de la temperatura datum para la aplicación de la madurez en climas fríos","authors":"L. Ebensperger, J. Oyarzun, R. Torres","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732020000100084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732020000100084","url":null,"abstract":"The recently approved Chilean standard NCh3565 for the use of Concrete Maturity to estimate the Concrete Strength has greatly facilitated the technological transfer of new wireless measurement technologies with online connection (IoT), represented by the maturity sensors. In this sense, preliminary on field tests carried out on pavements incorporating sensors in the city of Punta Arenas made it possible to detect that the assignment of the value of the Datum Temperature to the fixed value of 0 °C does not deliver the real resistance results determined by means of control cylinders and concrete cores. This work deepens on this topic proposing as a conclusion the use of a variable value of Datum Temperature for cold climates .","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132079794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732019000200181
I. Negrin, A. Negrín, E. Chagoyén
En este articulo se presenta la optimizacion estructural economica del proyecto Casa Sindico utilizando un algoritmo programado mediante las funciones CSi API SAP2000v19-MATLAB R2015a, aplicando tecnicas metaheuristicas: Algoritmos Geneticos (GA) y Optimizacion por Enjambre de Particulas (PSO), ademas de una hibridacion entre estas. Los resultados muestran que PSO presenta un mejor comportamiento que GA para este tipo de optimizacion, aunque ambos, trabajando con sus metodologias simples, no resultan del todo eficiente, lo cual se comprueba al crear y aplicar una hibridacion entre los dos, utilizando GA para crear un enjambre inicial para que PSO realice el proceso de optimizacion, obteniendose resultados hasta un 10 % mejores. En cuanto a los resultados estructurales, se obtiene un costo directo de construccion un 13 % mas economico al aplicar la metodologia propuesta, quedando, para las vigas, peraltos de relacion L/h entre 15 y 17.5, para las columnas, el uso de secciones con rectangularidades de hasta 1.35, en la direccion que ocurre mas flexion, algo parecido a lo que ocurre para los cimientos, donde la rectangularidad de estos sigue el criterio anterior, obteniendose valores de hasta 1.4
本文介绍了Casa Sindico项目的经济结构优化，使用CSi API SAP2000v19-MATLAB R2015a编程算法，应用元启发式技术:遗传算法(GA)和粒子群优化(PSO)，以及它们之间的杂交。结果表明PSO提供更佳的GA为这种行为与其metodologias optimizacion,虽然两人工作简单,不完全有效,因而发现建立和实施一个hibridacion之间,采用GA创建一个群组最初令PSO optimizacion进程,最好obteniendose结果高达10%。结构产生什么结果,你得到了一个肯尼亚的直接成本13 %的事执行metodologia南极到提案,这些光束,peraltos关系L / h 15至17.5节,这些列,使用rectangularidades达1.35的方向发生了更多flexion,像那样的东西为基础,发生这些rectangularidad继续以前的标准,obteniendose值高达1.4
{"title":"Optimización metaheurística de conjuntos estructurales de hormigón armado","authors":"I. Negrin, A. Negrín, E. Chagoyén","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732019000200181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732019000200181","url":null,"abstract":"En este articulo se presenta la optimizacion estructural economica del proyecto Casa Sindico utilizando un algoritmo programado mediante las funciones CSi API SAP2000v19-MATLAB R2015a, aplicando tecnicas metaheuristicas: Algoritmos Geneticos (GA) y Optimizacion por Enjambre de Particulas (PSO), ademas de una hibridacion entre estas. Los resultados muestran que PSO presenta un mejor comportamiento que GA para este tipo de optimizacion, aunque ambos, trabajando con sus metodologias simples, no resultan del todo eficiente, lo cual se comprueba al crear y aplicar una hibridacion entre los dos, utilizando GA para crear un enjambre inicial para que PSO realice el proceso de optimizacion, obteniendose resultados hasta un 10 % mejores. En cuanto a los resultados estructurales, se obtiene un costo directo de construccion un 13 % mas economico al aplicar la metodologia propuesta, quedando, para las vigas, peraltos de relacion L/h entre 15 y 17.5, para las columnas, el uso de secciones con rectangularidades de hasta 1.35, en la direccion que ocurre mas flexion, algo parecido a lo que ocurre para los cimientos, donde la rectangularidad de estos sigue el criterio anterior, obteniendose valores de hasta 1.4","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130405042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732019000200215
S. Poeta, T. Gerhardt, M. González
This paper presents a study about the housing pricing using hedonic modelling. The pricing models have several uses, such as determinate property taxes or to mortgage decision analysis. In the case of taxation, models must be broader, aiming at the evaluation of a set of housing units. It makes the work seem more complex. This issue is a barrier to widespread statistical inference in tax assessment, especially in small and medium-sized municipalities, which have fewer human resources. This paper presents a study in two medium-sized Brazilian cities, demonstrating the process of analysis and developing models to single-family properties. Data were collected on real estate agents and valuation reports. Statistical analysis allows finding the equations that best fitted observed data. Significance tests of variables and models were performed and indicated that the models have good explanation of prices. It can be concluded that these models could be used in evaluation with tax purposes
{"title":"Análisis de precios hedónicos de viviendas","authors":"S. Poeta, T. Gerhardt, M. González","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732019000200215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732019000200215","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study about the housing pricing using hedonic modelling. The pricing models have several uses, such as determinate property taxes or to mortgage decision analysis. In the case of taxation, models must be broader, aiming at the evaluation of a set of housing units. It makes the work seem more complex. This issue is a barrier to widespread statistical inference in tax assessment, especially in small and medium-sized municipalities, which have fewer human resources. This paper presents a study in two medium-sized Brazilian cities, demonstrating the process of analysis and developing models to single-family properties. Data were collected on real estate agents and valuation reports. Statistical analysis allows finding the equations that best fitted observed data. Significance tests of variables and models were performed and indicated that the models have good explanation of prices. It can be concluded that these models could be used in evaluation with tax purposes","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132371816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.4067/S0718-50732019000100033
M. Valle, J. C. Herrera
Uno de los principales factores que consideran los ciclistas al escoger su ruta es la condicion superficial de las ciclovias, ya que, al estar relacionado con las vibraciones experimentadas, afecta la comodidad del viaje. Las alternativas existentes para determinar esta condicion no responden a la realidad del ciclista o son de compleja aplicacion. Se propone una metodologia basada en una regresion logistica, que sea objetiva y especifica para detectar irregularidades en el pavimento de ciclovias y asi inferir la condicion del mismo en el tramo analizado. Como prueba de concepto de la metodologia propuesta, se diseno un experimento en terreno que emula dos deterioros especificos: levantamientos del pavimento y baches. La recoleccion de estos se realizo mediante dispositivos inerciales adosados a una bicicleta de prueba. Al aplicar la metodologia propuesta se identificaron las variables inerciales necesarias para identificar las irregularidades consideradas. Entre ellas destacaron las rotaciones en los tres ejes y la aceleracion vertical. Con estas variables, se generaron cuatro modelos capaces de identificar correctamente los problemas del pavimento. A futuro, con los resultados obtenidos se puede construir un indicador capaz de inferir el estado de la superficie a partir de las vibraciones experimentadas por los ciclistas y asi establecer un nivel de servicio asociado al pavimento de una ciclovia mediante estos indicadores.
{"title":"Uso De Datos Pasivos Obtenidos Mediante Dispositivos Inerciales Para Inferir La Condición Del Pavimento En Ciclovías","authors":"M. Valle, J. C. Herrera","doi":"10.4067/S0718-50732019000100033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50732019000100033","url":null,"abstract":"Uno de los principales factores que consideran los ciclistas al escoger su ruta es la condicion superficial de las ciclovias, ya que, al estar relacionado con las vibraciones experimentadas, afecta la comodidad del viaje. Las alternativas existentes para determinar esta condicion no responden a la realidad del ciclista o son de compleja aplicacion. Se propone una metodologia basada en una regresion logistica, que sea objetiva y especifica para detectar irregularidades en el pavimento de ciclovias y asi inferir la condicion del mismo en el tramo analizado. Como prueba de concepto de la metodologia propuesta, se diseno un experimento en terreno que emula dos deterioros especificos: levantamientos del pavimento y baches. La recoleccion de estos se realizo mediante dispositivos inerciales adosados a una bicicleta de prueba. Al aplicar la metodologia propuesta se identificaron las variables inerciales necesarias para identificar las irregularidades consideradas. Entre ellas destacaron las rotaciones en los tres ejes y la aceleracion vertical. Con estas variables, se generaron cuatro modelos capaces de identificar correctamente los problemas del pavimento. A futuro, con los resultados obtenidos se puede construir un indicador capaz de inferir el estado de la superficie a partir de las vibraciones experimentadas por los ciclistas y asi establecer un nivel de servicio asociado al pavimento de una ciclovia mediante estos indicadores.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115194747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-50732018000300229
I. S. Izquierdo, O. S. Izquierdo, M. Ramalho
The continued growth in demand for cement has raised concerns in the industry about environmental and sustainability issues. In addition, the worldwide generation of large quantities of solid waste threatens human health and on environmental quality. This paper proposes to assess the feasibility of using a residual powder derived from organic waste of vegetable or animal origin for replacing part of Portland cement during concrete production. Specifically, the powder is derived from a living being such as the remains of food (meat, vegetables, fruits and eggshells), paper, wood, bones and seeds. Its scientific contribution is a conscious change due to development of an alternative material to contribute with more sustainable processes in the construction industry. Three types of mixtures for cement content were studied: aggregate/cement (A/C) ratios of 15, 10 and 6. Concrete samples were then made by replacing the cement with organic waste powder in percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. These mixtures were evaluated for their physical and mechanical properties. The results showed that the reference concrete had higher compressive strength than the concrete with low cement content (A/C ratio of 15:1). However, samples made with 5% of powder and an A/C ratio of 10:1 presented values at least 2.1% greater than compressive strength of the reference concrete. Mixtures rich in cement (A/C ratio of 6:1) and the powder replacements of up to 10% showed in the best mechanical behavior in 13% in relation to the reference concrete. Therefore, waste powder can be used as filling material to replace part of the cement, resulting in denser and more resistant concrete, as well as less specific absorption and voids.
{"title":"Propiedades físicas y mecánicas del hormigón usando polvo residual de desechos orgánicos como reemplazo parcial del cemento","authors":"I. S. Izquierdo, O. S. Izquierdo, M. Ramalho","doi":"10.4067/s0718-50732018000300229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-50732018000300229","url":null,"abstract":"The continued growth in demand for cement has raised concerns in the industry about environmental and sustainability issues. In addition, the worldwide generation of large quantities of solid waste threatens human health and on environmental quality. This paper proposes to assess the feasibility of using a residual powder derived from organic waste of vegetable or animal origin for replacing part of Portland cement during concrete production. Specifically, the powder is derived from a living being such as the remains of food (meat, vegetables, fruits and eggshells), paper, wood, bones and seeds. Its scientific contribution is a conscious change due to development of an alternative material to contribute with more sustainable processes in the construction industry. Three types of mixtures for cement content were studied: aggregate/cement (A/C) ratios of 15, 10 and 6. Concrete samples were then made by replacing the cement with organic waste powder in percentages of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. These mixtures were evaluated for their physical and mechanical properties. The results showed that the reference concrete had higher compressive strength than the concrete with low cement content (A/C ratio of 15:1). However, samples made with 5% of powder and an A/C ratio of 10:1 presented values at least 2.1% greater than compressive strength of the reference concrete. Mixtures rich in cement (A/C ratio of 6:1) and the powder replacements of up to 10% showed in the best mechanical behavior in 13% in relation to the reference concrete. Therefore, waste powder can be used as filling material to replace part of the cement, resulting in denser and more resistant concrete, as well as less specific absorption and voids.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121286919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-50732018000200183
L. Lung, M. Shaurette
Green building construction has experienced significant growth in the recent decades and Peru is not the exception because actually several of the prime office buildings have or are pursuing any green building certification. However, the higher initial costs affect its continuity and growth speed. Researchers have studied the tools and techniques for cost containment and their application had effective use in the construction process. The aim of this study was to suggest a specific tool or technique for traditional constructions that can benefit and enhance the cost containment of green buildings. The findings from this study show the impact and applicability of collaborative working in design and construction as a management tool, through a survey among construction professionals in regards cost containment for green buildings. These results could encourage the green buildings construction growth in this country, through the appliance of this tool.
{"title":"El trabajo colaborativo, aplicado al diseño y la construcción, para promover la construcción de edificios verdes en Perú","authors":"L. Lung, M. Shaurette","doi":"10.4067/S0718-50732018000200183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50732018000200183","url":null,"abstract":"Green building construction has experienced significant growth in the recent decades and Peru is not the exception because actually several of the prime office buildings have or are pursuing any green building certification. However, the higher initial costs affect its continuity and growth speed. Researchers have studied the tools and techniques for cost containment and their application had effective use in the construction process. The aim of this study was to suggest a specific tool or technique for traditional constructions that can benefit and enhance the cost containment of green buildings. The findings from this study show the impact and applicability of collaborative working in design and construction as a management tool, through a survey among construction professionals in regards cost containment for green buildings. These results could encourage the green buildings construction growth in this country, through the appliance of this tool.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133796173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-50732018000200137
R. Ochoa, G. Grimaldo
The world has developed different methodologies for the design of asphalt mixtures; each of which is intended to optimise and find the optimal combination of materials that allow them to be resistant under specific travel, climate and structural support conditions. This article presents the results of an investigation which utilised coal tar as a binding agent for road surface mixtures and carried out a comparison of results of the physical and mechanical properties of sample bituminous mixtures produced by two distinct methodologies, Marshall and Ramcodes. Finally, an analysis was carried out on the suitability of tar as a binding agent and on utilising the Ramcodes methodology when designing mixtures.
{"title":"Validación del polígono de vacíos en el diseño de mezclas bituminosas con alquitrán de hulla como ligante","authors":"R. Ochoa, G. Grimaldo","doi":"10.4067/S0718-50732018000200137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50732018000200137","url":null,"abstract":"The world has developed different methodologies for the design of asphalt mixtures; each of which is intended to optimise and find the optimal combination of materials that allow them to be resistant under specific travel, climate and structural support conditions. This article presents the results of an investigation which utilised coal tar as a binding agent for road surface mixtures and carried out a comparison of results of the physical and mechanical properties of sample bituminous mixtures produced by two distinct methodologies, Marshall and Ramcodes. Finally, an analysis was carried out on the suitability of tar as a binding agent and on utilising the Ramcodes methodology when designing mixtures.","PeriodicalId":369360,"journal":{"name":"Revista Ingeniería de Construcción","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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