P. Shnyakin, A. Botov, P. G. Rudenko, V. A. Khorzhevsky, Irirna S. Usatova
Introduction. Central nervous system is one of the main targets in patients with HIV infection. Neurological complications in AIDS are primarily caused by opportunistic brain infections including toxoplasmosis as the most common one. Patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis are often hospitalized with diagnosed strokes, tumors, or encephalitis. At that, their HIV status may be unknown and their state severity often does not allow conducting the range of required examinations. Materials and methods. We have described our experience in management of 6 patients admitted to the neurosurgery department with single toxoplasmosis foci and diagnosed brain tumors. Results. HIV infection was initially known in 3 patients only. In 2 compensated patients, the diagnosis was confirmed via Toxoplasma IgG blood test. In 2 individuals, negative serological Toxoplasma reactions were followed by neuronavigationally controlled biopsies. A patient with an extensive perifocal edema and, as a result, dislocated midline structures underwent decompressive craniectomy and mass removal. One female patient, with an unclear diagnosis, was operated for a suspected brain tumor. After additional assessments (including 4 histologies to confirm cerebral toxoplasmosis), all the patients were transferred to the infectious disease hospital for specific treatment.
{"title":"A case series of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the practice of a neurological hospital","authors":"P. Shnyakin, A. Botov, P. G. Rudenko, V. A. Khorzhevsky, Irirna S. Usatova","doi":"10.54101/acen.2023.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2023.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Central nervous system is one of the main targets in patients with HIV infection. Neurological complications in AIDS are primarily caused by opportunistic brain infections including toxoplasmosis as the most common one. Patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis are often hospitalized with diagnosed strokes, tumors, or encephalitis. At that, their HIV status may be unknown and their state severity often does not allow conducting the range of required examinations. \u0000Materials and methods. We have described our experience in management of 6 patients admitted to the neurosurgery department with single toxoplasmosis foci and diagnosed brain tumors. \u0000Results. HIV infection was initially known in 3 patients only. In 2 compensated patients, the diagnosis was confirmed via Toxoplasma IgG blood test. In 2 individuals, negative serological Toxoplasma reactions were followed by neuronavigationally controlled biopsies. A patient with an extensive perifocal edema and, as a result, dislocated midline structures underwent decompressive craniectomy and mass removal. One female patient, with an unclear diagnosis, was operated for a suspected brain tumor. After additional assessments (including 4 histologies to confirm cerebral toxoplasmosis), all the patients were transferred to the infectious disease hospital for specific treatment.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83444057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizaveta N. Rozhnova, V. Dashyan, A. S. Tokarev, O. Evdokimova, M. V. Neznanova, M. Sinkin
Introduction. The crucial role of neuro-vascular conflict (NVC) in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is getting increasingly challenged. Microstructural changes can be assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) in diffusion tensor images (DTI). Objective. To evaluate usefulness of FA in brain MRI with DTI for TN lateralization assessment. Materials and methods. The study included 51 patients with classical TN divided into two groups: neurosurgical intervention free, post radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and a control group (patients without facial pain). All the patients were tested for NVC with FIESTA (Fast Imaging Employing Steady State Acquisition) brain MRI at 3Т. Difference in thickness of trigeminal roots on the intact and symptomatic sides was assessed for each group. The findings were compared to those in the control group. The MRI protocol was supplemented with DTI. The FA difference in thickness of the intact and symptomatic roots (∆FA) was calculated for each study group to assess microstructural root changes. The results were compared to those in the control group. Results. In trigeminal root DTIs, ∆FA over 0.075 [0.029; 0.146] is statistically significant to establish NVC-associated microstructural changes on the symptomatic side in patients without any past surgeries (p = 0,030). In patients with a history of trigeminal ganglion RFA, statistically significant (p = 0.026) thinned symptomatic trigeminal root (difference in thickness of trigeminal roots over 0.45 cm [0.4; 0.6]) was found as compared to that of the control patients. Conclusion. FA may be used as a quantitative demyelination biomarker in clinical TN. Trigeminal ganglion RFA leads to hypotrophy throughout the trigeminal nerve root.
{"title":"Assessing trigeminal microstructure changes in patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia","authors":"Elizaveta N. Rozhnova, V. Dashyan, A. S. Tokarev, O. Evdokimova, M. V. Neznanova, M. Sinkin","doi":"10.54101/acen.2023.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2023.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The crucial role of neuro-vascular conflict (NVC) in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is getting increasingly challenged. Microstructural changes can be assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) in diffusion tensor images (DTI). \u0000Objective. To evaluate usefulness of FA in brain MRI with DTI for TN lateralization assessment. \u0000Materials and methods. The study included 51 patients with classical TN divided into two groups: neurosurgical intervention free, post radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and a control group (patients without facial pain). All the patients were tested for NVC with FIESTA (Fast Imaging Employing Steady State Acquisition) brain MRI at 3Т. Difference in thickness of trigeminal roots on the intact and symptomatic sides was assessed for each group. The findings were compared to those in the control group. The MRI protocol was supplemented with DTI. The FA difference in thickness of the intact and symptomatic roots (∆FA) was calculated for each study group to assess microstructural root changes. The results were compared to those in the control group. \u0000Results. In trigeminal root DTIs, ∆FA over 0.075 [0.029; 0.146] is statistically significant to establish NVC-associated microstructural changes on the symptomatic side in patients without any past surgeries (p = 0,030). In patients with a history of trigeminal ganglion RFA, statistically significant (p = 0.026) thinned symptomatic trigeminal root (difference in thickness of trigeminal roots over 0.45 cm [0.4; 0.6]) was found as compared to that of the control patients. \u0000Conclusion. FA may be used as a quantitative demyelination biomarker in clinical TN. Trigeminal ganglion RFA leads to hypotrophy throughout the trigeminal nerve root.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88979945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. K. Khacheva, A. Karabanov, R. Bogdanov, D. Voronkov, V. B. Sobolev, A. Chechetkin, Anastasiya D. Danilova, A. Sipkin, S. Illarioshkin
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) urges for new instrumental methods of diagnosis. Transcranial sonography of the substantia nigra (SN TCS) is an established method for early PD diagnosis but its application is limited. Recently, biopsies (primarily that of salivary gland) and test for abnormal -synuclein are suggested to verify PD. Materials and methods. We assessed 12 individuals with PD, HoehnYahr 2.3 0.4. The assessments included: UPDRS, NMSQ, NMSS, RBDSQ, PDQ-8, MoCA, and HADS scoring; SN TCS; and sublingual gland immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated -synuclein (PS-129) with automated morphometric analysis. Results. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity was shown in 75% of patients whereas biopsy revealed PS-129 in 100% of patients. Echogenic area of the substantia nigra was 0.24 [0.21; 0.3] cm2. PS-129 inclusion area varied from 28.47 [27.55; 96.26] to 238.77 [234.13; 272.49] m2, and PS-129 proportion varied from 13.4% to 93.4% of the nervous fiber area across the patients. We found relations between PS-129 and NMSQ (r = 0.8; p 0.001), NMSS (r = 0.9; p 0.001), PDQ-8 (r = 0.7; p = 0.003), UPDRS-I (r = 0.7; p = 0.009), UPDRS-II (r = 0.6; p = 0.03), and HADS (anxiety r = 0.8; p = 0.002; depression r = 0.6; p = 0.04) scores. Conclusion. The results demonstrate a higher biopsy sensitivity as compared to SN TCS. Automated morphometric analysis has been newly applied to assess PS-129 occurrence. Immunohistochemistry results are directly related to non-motor symptom severity, which may indicate high probability of PS-129 presence and diagnosis confirmation in early disease.
{"title":"Salivary gland immunohistochemistry vs substantia nigra sonography: comparative analysis of diagnostic significance","authors":"K. K. Khacheva, A. Karabanov, R. Bogdanov, D. Voronkov, V. B. Sobolev, A. Chechetkin, Anastasiya D. Danilova, A. Sipkin, S. Illarioshkin","doi":"10.54101/acen.2023.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2023.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) urges for new instrumental methods of diagnosis. Transcranial sonography of the substantia nigra (SN TCS) is an established method for early PD diagnosis but its application is limited. Recently, biopsies (primarily that of salivary gland) and test for abnormal -synuclein are suggested to verify PD. \u0000Materials and methods. We assessed 12 individuals with PD, HoehnYahr 2.3 0.4. The assessments included: UPDRS, NMSQ, NMSS, RBDSQ, PDQ-8, MoCA, and HADS scoring; SN TCS; and sublingual gland immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated -synuclein (PS-129) with automated morphometric analysis. \u0000Results. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity was shown in 75% of patients whereas biopsy revealed PS-129 in 100% of patients. Echogenic area of the substantia nigra was 0.24 [0.21; 0.3] cm2. PS-129 inclusion area varied from 28.47 [27.55; 96.26] to 238.77 [234.13; 272.49] m2, and PS-129 proportion varied from 13.4% to 93.4% of the nervous fiber area across the patients. We found relations between PS-129 and NMSQ (r = 0.8; p 0.001), NMSS (r = 0.9; p 0.001), PDQ-8 (r = 0.7; p = 0.003), UPDRS-I (r = 0.7; p = 0.009), UPDRS-II (r = 0.6; p = 0.03), and HADS (anxiety r = 0.8; p = 0.002; depression r = 0.6; p = 0.04) scores. \u0000Conclusion. The results demonstrate a higher biopsy sensitivity as compared to SN TCS. Automated morphometric analysis has been newly applied to assess PS-129 occurrence. Immunohistochemistry results are directly related to non-motor symptom severity, which may indicate high probability of PS-129 presence and diagnosis confirmation in early disease.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83917927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As endovascular reperfusion advances and multimodal neuroimagimg is implemented, neuroprotection in ischemic stroke progresses to the next level. In the recent years, the focus of neuroprotection research has been gradually shifting towards the research of endogenous substances and their synthetic analogs. According to the available evidence, thyroid hormones (THs) and their metabolites are potentially effective neuroprotectors in brain ischemia. Objective. To identify and classify TH neuroprotective effects in acute brain ischemia by analyzing contemporary data. We studied and analyzed publications indexed in РubMed, SciElo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Biomedical Data Journal, and eLibrary. The molecular basis of TH effects includes genomic and non-genomic mechanisms aimed at mitochondrial activity regulation, neuro- and angiogenesis, axonal transport, cytoskeleton maintenance, and impact on ion channels as well as activation and expression of specific proteins. TH effects on the central nervous system can be classified into following clusters: influence on neuronal and glial metabolism, apoptosis modulation, neuroplasticity and angiogenesis, impact on hemostasis, and local and systemic immune response. Conclusion. THs are multimodal and selective regulators of cellular processes that affect neuroplasticity and neuro-reintegration both in the brain ischemic zone and beyond it. Therefore, a promising research can cover THs and and their metabolites as cerebral cytoprotectors to improve functional outcomes of ischemic strokes.
随着血管内再灌注的进展和多模式神经成像的实施，缺血性脑卒中的神经保护进展到一个新的水平。近年来，神经保护研究的重点逐渐转向内源性物质及其合成类似物的研究。根据现有证据，甲状腺激素及其代谢物是脑缺血时潜在有效的神经保护物质。目标。通过对当代资料的分析，对急性脑缺血中TH神经的保护作用进行鉴别和分类。我们研究并分析了在РubMed、SciElo、ScienceDirect、Scopus、Biomedical Data Journal和library中索引的出版物。TH效应的分子基础包括基因组和非基因组机制，包括线粒体活性调节、神经和血管生成、轴突运输、细胞骨架维持、对离子通道的影响以及特定蛋白质的激活和表达。TH对中枢神经系统的影响可分为以下几类:影响神经元和胶质代谢、调节细胞凋亡、神经可塑性和血管生成、影响止血、局部和全身免疫反应。结论。这是细胞过程的多模态和选择性调节剂，影响脑缺血区内外的神经可塑性和神经重新整合。因此，将三手烟及其代谢物作为脑细胞保护剂改善缺血性卒中的功能结局是一项很有前景的研究。
{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of neuroprotective effects of thyroid hormones and their metabolites in acute brain ischemia","authors":"Dmitry A. Filimonov, S. Yevtushenko, A. Fedorova","doi":"10.54101/acen.2023.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2023.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"As endovascular reperfusion advances and multimodal neuroimagimg is implemented, neuroprotection in ischemic stroke progresses to the next level. In the recent years, the focus of neuroprotection research has been gradually shifting towards the research of endogenous substances and their synthetic analogs. According to the available evidence, thyroid hormones (THs) and their metabolites are potentially effective neuroprotectors in brain ischemia. \u0000Objective. To identify and classify TH neuroprotective effects in acute brain ischemia by analyzing contemporary data. \u0000We studied and analyzed publications indexed in РubMed, SciElo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Biomedical Data Journal, and eLibrary. \u0000The molecular basis of TH effects includes genomic and non-genomic mechanisms aimed at mitochondrial activity regulation, neuro- and angiogenesis, axonal transport, cytoskeleton maintenance, and impact on ion channels as well as activation and expression of specific proteins. TH effects on the central nervous system can be classified into following clusters: influence on neuronal and glial metabolism, apoptosis modulation, neuroplasticity and angiogenesis, impact on hemostasis, and local and systemic immune response. \u0000Conclusion. THs are multimodal and selective regulators of cellular processes that affect neuroplasticity and neuro-reintegration both in the brain ischemic zone and beyond it. Therefore, a promising research can cover THs and and their metabolites as cerebral cytoprotectors to improve functional outcomes of ischemic strokes.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79939010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
М.М. Tanashyan, Anton A. Rakurazhev, P. Kuznetsova, Andrew S. Mazur, Аlla А. Shabalina
Carotid atherosclerosis is a significant cause of cerebrovascular disease. However, with many candidate markers, precise assessment of its development and progression risks is still limited. This paper reviews state-of-the-art concepts of microRNA as an atherogenesis biomarker throughout various stages including endothelial dysfunction, cholesterol/lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis regulation, and proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Based on the available literature, we have described most significant microRNAs for each stage characterized in brief. We have visualized interactions between microRNAs and validated target genes with MIENTURNET and suggest and justify a set of microRNAs for further pilot studies of carotid atherosclerosis.
{"title":"MicroRNA detection in carotid atherosclerosis: prospects for clinical use","authors":"М.М. Tanashyan, Anton A. Rakurazhev, P. Kuznetsova, Andrew S. Mazur, Аlla А. Shabalina","doi":"10.54101/acen.2023.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2023.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Carotid atherosclerosis is a significant cause of cerebrovascular disease. However, with many candidate markers, precise assessment of its development and progression risks is still limited. This paper reviews state-of-the-art concepts of microRNA as an atherogenesis biomarker throughout various stages including endothelial dysfunction, cholesterol/lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis regulation, and proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Based on the available literature, we have described most significant microRNAs for each stage characterized in brief. We have visualized interactions between microRNAs and validated target genes with MIENTURNET and suggest and justify a set of microRNAs for further pilot studies of carotid atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73815246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Area postrema syndrome (APS) develops in patients with lesions found in the floor of the fourth ventricle and manifests with nausea, intractable vomiting, and hiccup. APS is most commonly associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders although it may develop in some other conditions as well. We have presented a case study of APS with positional vertigo developed in a 41-year-old woman caused by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after COVID-19 vaccination. Quasi benign paroxysmal positional vertigo acutely manifested with nausea, vomiting, and vertigo that dramatically worsened with head movement. Physical examination revealed patchy hypesthesia on the left side of the face and decreased convergence of the left eye. MRI scan showed a lesion adjacent to the floor of the fourth ventricle (area postrema). The manifestations totally regressed on glucocorticoids without any relapse during 1-year follow-up.
{"title":"Postvaccination acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with area postrema syndrome and quasi benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case report","authors":"E. Bogdanov, A. Kazantsev, Alsu G. Ahunova","doi":"10.54101/acen.2022.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"Area postrema syndrome (APS) develops in patients with lesions found in the floor of the fourth ventricle and manifests with nausea, intractable vomiting, and hiccup. APS is most commonly associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders although it may develop in some other conditions as well. \u0000We have presented a case study of APS with positional vertigo developed in a 41-year-old woman caused by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after COVID-19 vaccination. Quasi benign paroxysmal positional vertigo acutely manifested with nausea, vomiting, and vertigo that dramatically worsened with head movement. Physical examination revealed patchy hypesthesia on the left side of the face and decreased convergence of the left eye. MRI scan showed a lesion adjacent to the floor of the fourth ventricle (area postrema). The manifestations totally regressed on glucocorticoids without any relapse during 1-year follow-up.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85722800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. S. Ardashirova, N. Abramycheva, E. Fedotova, V. Sukhorukov, A. Voronkova, N. Mudzhiri, S. Illarioshkin
Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and the development of biomarkers is essential due to complicated PD diagnosis and progression assessment. Objective. To identify PD RNA markers by multiplex expression profiling of 760 genes associated with the main neuropathological processes. Materials and methods. We studied the expression of 760 genes associated with the main neuropathological processes using Nanostring nCounter Human Neuropathology Panel in 29 blood samples obtained from PD patients, including 13 samples from those in the early stage and 16 samples from those in the advanced stage, and in 16 control blood samples. Results. The comparison of gene expression in the patients with early PD and in the controls demonstrated differential expression of genes CDKN1A and CPT1B. The comparison of gene expression in the patients with advanced PD and in the controls showed LRP1 upregulation in the advanced PD group. We also revealed СPT1B upregulation in advanced disease, with a positive correlation between СPT1B expression and PD duration. Discussion. The variably expressed genes may be relevant as PD biomarkers for diagnosis and progression assessment.
介绍。帕金森病(PD)是一种神经退行性疾病，由于其诊断和进展评估的复杂性，生物标志物的开发至关重要。目标。通过760个与主要神经病理过程相关的基因的多重表达谱鉴定PD RNA标记物。材料和方法。我们使用Nanostring nCounter Human Neuropathology Panel研究了PD患者29份血样中760个主要神经病理过程相关基因的表达，其中包括13份早期血样和16份晚期血样，以及16份对照血样。结果。早期PD患者与对照组的基因表达比较显示CDKN1A和CPT1B基因表达存在差异。晚期PD患者与对照组的基因表达比较显示，晚期PD组LRP1表达上调。我们还发现СPT1B在晚期疾病中上调，СPT1B的表达与PD持续时间呈正相关。讨论。可变表达基因可能作为PD诊断和进展评估的生物标志物。
{"title":"Identification of RNA markers associated with Parkinson's disease using multiplex gene expression analysis","authors":"N. S. Ardashirova, N. Abramycheva, E. Fedotova, V. Sukhorukov, A. Voronkova, N. Mudzhiri, S. Illarioshkin","doi":"10.54101/acen.2022.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and the development of biomarkers is essential due to complicated PD diagnosis and progression assessment. \u0000Objective. To identify PD RNA markers by multiplex expression profiling of 760 genes associated with the main neuropathological processes. \u0000Materials and methods. We studied the expression of 760 genes associated with the main neuropathological processes using Nanostring nCounter Human Neuropathology Panel in 29 blood samples obtained from PD patients, including 13 samples from those in the early stage and 16 samples from those in the advanced stage, and in 16 control blood samples. \u0000Results. The comparison of gene expression in the patients with early PD and in the controls demonstrated differential expression of genes CDKN1A and CPT1B. The comparison of gene expression in the patients with advanced PD and in the controls showed LRP1 upregulation in the advanced PD group. We also revealed СPT1B upregulation in advanced disease, with a positive correlation between СPT1B expression and PD duration. \u0000Discussion. The variably expressed genes may be relevant as PD biomarkers for diagnosis and progression assessment.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79928168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liliia B. Novikova, Anait P. Akopyan, R. F. Latypova
Introduction. As a major cause of both temporary and permanent disability, ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Objective. To assess fatal outcome probability in the acute period of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods. We performed post-hoc analysis of the fatal outcome probability in the patients with acute ischemic stroke at the Neurology Department of the Ufa Emergency Hospital, the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation. The analysis included data from the randomly selected medical records of 31 patients with fatal outcomes and 55 patients discharged with favorable outcomes. Results. The patients with fatal outcomes were significantly (p 0.001) older, with more severe strokes and a higher prevalence of disorders of consciousness, medical co-morbidities, and recurrent strokes as compared to the group of patients with favorable outcomes. Regression coefficients showed that brain herniation, kidney and liver disease, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and atrial fibrillation were associated with a higher probability of the fatal outcome. Increased severity of disorders of consciousness, NIHSS and mRS scores, specific blood tests values, age, and heart rate were associated with a more probable fatal outcome, while elevated hemoglobin, total protein, red blood cells, and lymphocytes, a higher GCS score, and a history of hypotensive drug therapy were associated with a less probable fatal outcome. Multivariate analysis showed that the stroke fatal outcome was related with the age, a NIHSS score, and elevated creatinine and total bilirubin levels. Conclusion. The detected predictors of the stroke fatal outcome can be used as reference points to choose management strategy for patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke.
{"title":"Evaluation of the outcome in ischemic stroke acute period","authors":"Liliia B. Novikova, Anait P. Akopyan, R. F. Latypova","doi":"10.54101/acen.2022.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. As a major cause of both temporary and permanent disability, ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). \u0000Objective. To assess fatal outcome probability in the acute period of ischemic stroke. \u0000Materials and methods. We performed post-hoc analysis of the fatal outcome probability in the patients with acute ischemic stroke at the Neurology Department of the Ufa Emergency Hospital, the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation. The analysis included data from the randomly selected medical records of 31 patients with fatal outcomes and 55 patients discharged with favorable outcomes. \u0000Results. The patients with fatal outcomes were significantly (p 0.001) older, with more severe strokes and a higher prevalence of disorders of consciousness, medical co-morbidities, and recurrent strokes as compared to the group of patients with favorable outcomes. Regression coefficients showed that brain herniation, kidney and liver disease, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and atrial fibrillation were associated with a higher probability of the fatal outcome. Increased severity of disorders of consciousness, NIHSS and mRS scores, specific blood tests values, age, and heart rate were associated with a more probable fatal outcome, while elevated hemoglobin, total protein, red blood cells, and lymphocytes, a higher GCS score, and a history of hypotensive drug therapy were associated with a less probable fatal outcome. \u0000Multivariate analysis showed that the stroke fatal outcome was related with the age, a NIHSS score, and elevated creatinine and total bilirubin levels. \u0000Conclusion. The detected predictors of the stroke fatal outcome can be used as reference points to choose management strategy for patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86069986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. G. Shkilnyuk, Andrey A. Bogdan, E. Kryukova, A. Petrov, T. N. Trofimova, I. Stolyarov
Introduction. Managing patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RMS) remains a pressing issue. Objective. To detect the reversible metabolic changes of the brain matter in patients with clinically exacerbated RMS and to follow them up after intravenous glucocorticoid (IVGC) treatment. Materials and methods. Neurological examination and neuroimaging in the RMS patients included expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scoring, conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR spectroscopy) before and after IVGC treatment. Multivoxel 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to assess metabolism in the centra semiovale and cingulate gyri. Results. Based on the multivoxel 1H-NMR spectroscopy, relative metabolite concentrations in the grey and white matter statistically differed within the study cohort before and after the IVGC treatment. The N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio significantly recovered and the choline/creatine ratio decreased in the anterior cingulate gyri in 27% of patients. The brainstem function score significantly improved in the metabolic response group as compared to the non-metabolic response group. Conclusion. We should study the potential predictors of RMS activity and the IVGC response to select the RMS relapses when pulse-therapy with IVGCs is definitely indicated. Spectroscopy may reveal RMS pathogenesis variability earlier than conventional MRI.
{"title":"Spectroscopic analysis of metabolic profile in patients with relapsed multiple sclerosis","authors":"G. G. Shkilnyuk, Andrey A. Bogdan, E. Kryukova, A. Petrov, T. N. Trofimova, I. Stolyarov","doi":"10.54101/acen.2022.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Managing patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RMS) remains a pressing issue. \u0000Objective. To detect the reversible metabolic changes of the brain matter in patients with clinically exacerbated RMS and to follow them up after intravenous glucocorticoid (IVGC) treatment. \u0000Materials and methods. Neurological examination and neuroimaging in the RMS patients included expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scoring, conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR spectroscopy) before and after IVGC treatment. Multivoxel 1H-NMR spectroscopy was used to assess metabolism in the centra semiovale and cingulate gyri. \u0000Results. Based on the multivoxel 1H-NMR spectroscopy, relative metabolite concentrations in the grey and white matter statistically differed within the study cohort before and after the IVGC treatment. The N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio significantly recovered and the choline/creatine ratio decreased in the anterior cingulate gyri in 27% of patients. The brainstem function score significantly improved in the metabolic response group as compared to the non-metabolic response group. \u0000Conclusion. We should study the potential predictors of RMS activity and the IVGC response to select the RMS relapses when pulse-therapy with IVGCs is definitely indicated. Spectroscopy may reveal RMS pathogenesis variability earlier than conventional MRI.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86443109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Krylov, A. Gekht, A. Lebedeva, F. Rider, I. Trifonov, I. Kaimovsky, M. Sinkin, O. Kordonskaya, A. A. Yakovlev, I. G. Komoltsev, A. Magomedsultanov, R. Navruzov
Introduction. In patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), surgical treatment is aimed to resect an epileptogenic zone (EZ) followed by seizure control. Despite complicated EZ location, surgical resection should be considered as a treatment of choice in bilateral TLE. Objective: to evaluate surgical outcomes and factors contributing to outcomes in patients with drug-resistant bilateral TLE confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and methods. The study included patients with unilateral (n = 50) and bilateral (n = 50) temporal lobe involvement. The results of surgical treatment were evaluated according to the classification of J. Engel (1993). Results. Favorable outcomes of surgical treatment (Engel I and Engel II) in the group with unilateral temporal lobe involvement were found in 98% of patients after 12 months, in 88% after 24 months, and in 100% after 48 and 60 months after surgery. In the group with bilateral temporal lobe involvement outcomes of surgical treatment were favorable in 41% of patients after 12 months, in 50% after 24 months, in 39% after 48 months, and in 50% of patients after 60 months post-surgery. Conclusion. Early onset, burdened perinatal history, and MRI-confirmed left temporal lobe involvement contribute to the poor outcome (Engel III and Engel IV) in the bilateral TLE group. Engel I outcomes were more common in the patients with unilateral TLE while Engel IIIV outcomes were more common in the patients with bilateral TLE.
{"title":"Surgical outcomes in patients with drug-resistant bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"V. Krylov, A. Gekht, A. Lebedeva, F. Rider, I. Trifonov, I. Kaimovsky, M. Sinkin, O. Kordonskaya, A. A. Yakovlev, I. G. Komoltsev, A. Magomedsultanov, R. Navruzov","doi":"10.54101/acen.2022.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), surgical treatment is aimed to resect an epileptogenic zone (EZ) followed by seizure control. Despite complicated EZ location, surgical resection should be considered as a treatment of choice in bilateral TLE. \u0000Objective: to evaluate surgical outcomes and factors contributing to outcomes in patients with drug-resistant bilateral TLE confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging. \u0000Materials and methods. The study included patients with unilateral (n = 50) and bilateral (n = 50) temporal lobe involvement. The results of surgical treatment were evaluated according to the classification of J. Engel (1993). \u0000Results. Favorable outcomes of surgical treatment (Engel I and Engel II) in the group with unilateral temporal lobe involvement were found in 98% of patients after 12 months, in 88% after 24 months, and in 100% after 48 and 60 months after surgery. In the group with bilateral temporal lobe involvement outcomes of surgical treatment were favorable in 41% of patients after 12 months, in 50% after 24 months, in 39% after 48 months, and in 50% of patients after 60 months post-surgery. \u0000Conclusion. Early onset, burdened perinatal history, and MRI-confirmed left temporal lobe involvement contribute to the poor outcome (Engel III and Engel IV) in the bilateral TLE group. Engel I outcomes were more common in the patients with unilateral TLE while Engel IIIV outcomes were more common in the patients with bilateral TLE.","PeriodicalId":36946,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88433811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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