Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128874
J. Baptista, A. Moura
Power-Quality (PQ) is a crucial competitive and developing factor to all economic areas. The economic impact resulting from a bad PQ will be drastic to all consumers. Computers, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), commuted power sources and fluorescent lamps/tubes are examples of nonlinear loads that have for main drawback the consumption of non-sinusoidal current. This paper presents a useful computer tool that can simulate and predict the behavior of non-linear loads and LV power systems with main focus on residential electrical grids. The paper also reviews some of the basic concepts and techniques related with power quality parameters and how they can be computed and presented in the simulation tool. The tool has an easy-to-use, friendly interface, and can be used as a tool to teach design techniques or as a laboratory to study the applicability of methods to real situations. The students can do simulations with their own data on MicrosoftTM Windows® based platforms.
{"title":"A computer tool for harmonic distortion prediction in low voltage power systems","authors":"J. Baptista, A. Moura","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128874","url":null,"abstract":"Power-Quality (PQ) is a crucial competitive and developing factor to all economic areas. The economic impact resulting from a bad PQ will be drastic to all consumers. Computers, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), commuted power sources and fluorescent lamps/tubes are examples of nonlinear loads that have for main drawback the consumption of non-sinusoidal current. This paper presents a useful computer tool that can simulate and predict the behavior of non-linear loads and LV power systems with main focus on residential electrical grids. The paper also reviews some of the basic concepts and techniques related with power quality parameters and how they can be computed and presented in the simulation tool. The tool has an easy-to-use, friendly interface, and can be used as a tool to teach design techniques or as a laboratory to study the applicability of methods to real situations. The students can do simulations with their own data on MicrosoftTM Windows® based platforms.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123571513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128846
I. G. Alonso, Alejandro Alvarez Vazquez, Mercedes R. Fernández Alcalá, A. G. Fuente
In recent decades, there has been an increase in the use of robotics in home automation environments. That, joined to the interest in efficient consumption of energy, is the base of the research exposed next. Nowadays, the increase of robotic systems in human daily activities has facilitated its integration and diversification and, due to this, new needs have come up. An example of this situation is the case of service robots that, as well as give comfort to the user, they can provide an energy efficient consumption. The aim of this work is to lay the concept of energy and Smart Grids in a smart home interoperability protocol like DHCompliant. This will make possible a greater energy and economic saving, providing the user the possibility of making strategic decisions regarding their energy consumption.
{"title":"Work in progress: Towards the energy-efficient consumption applied to digital home","authors":"I. G. Alonso, Alejandro Alvarez Vazquez, Mercedes R. Fernández Alcalá, A. G. Fuente","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128846","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, there has been an increase in the use of robotics in home automation environments. That, joined to the interest in efficient consumption of energy, is the base of the research exposed next. Nowadays, the increase of robotic systems in human daily activities has facilitated its integration and diversification and, due to this, new needs have come up. An example of this situation is the case of service robots that, as well as give comfort to the user, they can provide an energy efficient consumption. The aim of this work is to lay the concept of energy and Smart Grids in a smart home interoperability protocol like DHCompliant. This will make possible a greater energy and economic saving, providing the user the possibility of making strategic decisions regarding their energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128819
P. Gburczyk, I. Wasiak, R. Mieński, R. Pawełek
The paper concerns energy management in low voltage grid-connected microgrid integrating renewable and controllable energy sources, loads and storage systems. The central control system is presented which optimize the microgrid operation by minimizing the costs of energy in the time horizon. The system determines set-points for controllable sources and storage units. In formulating the objective function constraints regarding the network capacity are taken into account, i.e. voltage limits in the network nodes and load carrying capacity limits of lines and the supplying transformer. The management system enables the integration of energy sources into existing networks without re-designing the network itself and microgrid operation at minimum costs.
{"title":"Energy management system as a mean for the integration of distributed energy sources with low voltage network","authors":"P. Gburczyk, I. Wasiak, R. Mieński, R. Pawełek","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128819","url":null,"abstract":"The paper concerns energy management in low voltage grid-connected microgrid integrating renewable and controllable energy sources, loads and storage systems. The central control system is presented which optimize the microgrid operation by minimizing the costs of energy in the time horizon. The system determines set-points for controllable sources and storage units. In formulating the objective function constraints regarding the network capacity are taken into account, i.e. voltage limits in the network nodes and load carrying capacity limits of lines and the supplying transformer. The management system enables the integration of energy sources into existing networks without re-designing the network itself and microgrid operation at minimum costs.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124625784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128960
Conor Kelly, E. Mangina, Antonio Ruzelli
In recent years, energy efficiency has become a major focus of data centre designers and operators. This has predominantly been due to the rising cost of energy and the exponential increase in the absolute energy consumption of data centres. As carbon taxes, emissions trading and environmental imperatives become an increasing influence in the regions in which data centres are based, measuring and controlling the emissions resulting from the energy consumed in a data centre will become as important as controlling the energy consumption itself. In this paper, two bodies of research are investigated: granular energy monitoring in data centres and electricity generation emissions calculation. We propose a method to accurately calculate the emissions caused by a single piece of computation by correlating the two areas. It is shown that a saving of 45% of the resultant emissions of scheduling a piece of computation can be made by choosing one of two contrasting times with different marginal power plants on the Irish electricity grid. This saving increases to over 99% at times when wind generation is being curtailed.
{"title":"Putting a CO2 figure on a piece of computation","authors":"Conor Kelly, E. Mangina, Antonio Ruzelli","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128960","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, energy efficiency has become a major focus of data centre designers and operators. This has predominantly been due to the rising cost of energy and the exponential increase in the absolute energy consumption of data centres. As carbon taxes, emissions trading and environmental imperatives become an increasing influence in the regions in which data centres are based, measuring and controlling the emissions resulting from the energy consumed in a data centre will become as important as controlling the energy consumption itself. In this paper, two bodies of research are investigated: granular energy monitoring in data centres and electricity generation emissions calculation. We propose a method to accurately calculate the emissions caused by a single piece of computation by correlating the two areas. It is shown that a saving of 45% of the resultant emissions of scheduling a piece of computation can be made by choosing one of two contrasting times with different marginal power plants on the Irish electricity grid. This saving increases to over 99% at times when wind generation is being curtailed.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129661101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128826
Luísa Jorge, F. Bastião, A. Blanco, L. Ferreira, P. Carvalho, F.J.D. Carvalho
The present paper discusses a Methodology and Practice developed to tackle the problem of Voltage Harmonic Distortion in MV Bus Bars of HV/MV Substations. In the last few years, EDP Distribuição (EDPD) has been developing harmonic analysis models for simulation of voltage distortion for different network topologies in different load and reactive compensation conditions. The techniques developed have helped mitigation of harmonic voltage pollution in the MV grid. This paper shows some examples of these nuisances for the grid and its clients, and how they have been fought with significant success. Furthermore, modeling and simulation issues are also discussed as well as the algorithms used and their adequacy to represent non-linear loads, lines and transformers. Finally, a summary of results is also shown and commented together with some conclusions.
本文讨论了一种解决中压变电所中压母线电压谐波畸变问题的方法和实践。在过去的几年里，EDPD distribution o (EDPD)一直在开发谐波分析模型，以模拟不同负载和无功补偿条件下不同网络拓扑结构的电压畸变。所开发的技术有助于减轻中压电网的谐波电压污染。本文展示了电网及其客户端所面临的这些麻烦的一些例子，以及它们是如何取得重大成功的。此外，还讨论了建模和仿真问题，以及所使用的算法及其表示非线性负载，线路和变压器的充分性。最后，对结果进行了总结，并给出了一些结论。
{"title":"EDP methodology and practice on developed techniques to attenuate voltage distortion in MV distribution networks","authors":"Luísa Jorge, F. Bastião, A. Blanco, L. Ferreira, P. Carvalho, F.J.D. Carvalho","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128826","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper discusses a Methodology and Practice developed to tackle the problem of Voltage Harmonic Distortion in MV Bus Bars of HV/MV Substations. In the last few years, EDP Distribuição (EDPD) has been developing harmonic analysis models for simulation of voltage distortion for different network topologies in different load and reactive compensation conditions. The techniques developed have helped mitigation of harmonic voltage pollution in the MV grid. This paper shows some examples of these nuisances for the grid and its clients, and how they have been fought with significant success. Furthermore, modeling and simulation issues are also discussed as well as the algorithms used and their adequacy to represent non-linear loads, lines and transformers. Finally, a summary of results is also shown and commented together with some conclusions.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130820894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128903
Meik Ulrich
Demands on distribution networks and low voltage networks are changing with the increasing number of renewable energy plants. Not enough data has yet been collected from the lower network levels, which would allow an efficient and real-time reaction to fluctuating and decentralised in feeds.
{"title":"Network quality and network dynamics in relation to renewable energy","authors":"Meik Ulrich","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128903","url":null,"abstract":"Demands on distribution networks and low voltage networks are changing with the increasing number of renewable energy plants. Not enough data has yet been collected from the lower network levels, which would allow an efficient and real-time reaction to fluctuating and decentralised in feeds.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"27 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134092913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128956
Zhemin Lin, Gengyin Li, Ming Zhou, K. Lo
With the development of modern electricity equipment, voltage dips may bring more and more economic losses, which need a proper method of evaluation. In this paper, a time varying quality loss function, utilizing the Tobit model, is used to predict economic losses due to voltage dips. This quality loss function is more flexible and closer to practical situation.
{"title":"Economic cost evaluation of time varying voltage dips","authors":"Zhemin Lin, Gengyin Li, Ming Zhou, K. Lo","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128956","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of modern electricity equipment, voltage dips may bring more and more economic losses, which need a proper method of evaluation. In this paper, a time varying quality loss function, utilizing the Tobit model, is used to predict economic losses due to voltage dips. This quality loss function is more flexible and closer to practical situation.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"128 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133254098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128939
R. Jacinto, M. Resende
With the growing importance of electric energy on society, industry and transportation services, it is essential to assure a high quality service level. This work focuses specifically on one of the service quality parameters of the electricity network, the service continuity, aiming to contribute to its clarification. First part focuses on the analysis and benchmarking of indicators from different European countries. Portugal strong positive evolution regarding other countries is also analysed. Finally, the planned interruption concepts and exceptional events are studied as well as inherent country conditions regarding the service continuity. In an European context, it is necessary to harmonize and uniform each country methodologies, regarding the service continuity, so that European comparisons can be meaningful.
{"title":"Continuity of supply indices","authors":"R. Jacinto, M. Resende","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128939","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing importance of electric energy on society, industry and transportation services, it is essential to assure a high quality service level. This work focuses specifically on one of the service quality parameters of the electricity network, the service continuity, aiming to contribute to its clarification. First part focuses on the analysis and benchmarking of indicators from different European countries. Portugal strong positive evolution regarding other countries is also analysed. Finally, the planned interruption concepts and exceptional events are studied as well as inherent country conditions regarding the service continuity. In an European context, it is necessary to harmonize and uniform each country methodologies, regarding the service continuity, so that European comparisons can be meaningful.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116242471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128905
F. Amoura, W. Abu-Elhaija
The growing concern of the health effects of the magnetic fields resulting from the ac currents carried by the electrical power transmission lines necessitates a focus on the time varying nature of these fields. Effective values of these fields [1–9] do not reveal such valuable information. In this paper the time varying nature of the magnetic flux density (B) at ground level is under focus. Three-phase and 6-phase circuit, both compact and conventional designs are considered. At center line of tower, single 3-phase circuits produce almost vertical pulsating magnetic flux density vectors, double 3-phase circuits produce almost horizontal pulsating vectors and six-phase circuits produce almost rotating vectors
{"title":"Time varying magnetic fields under power transmission lines","authors":"F. Amoura, W. Abu-Elhaija","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128905","url":null,"abstract":"The growing concern of the health effects of the magnetic fields resulting from the ac currents carried by the electrical power transmission lines necessitates a focus on the time varying nature of these fields. Effective values of these fields [1–9] do not reveal such valuable information. In this paper the time varying nature of the magnetic flux density (B) at ground level is under focus. Three-phase and 6-phase circuit, both compact and conventional designs are considered. At center line of tower, single 3-phase circuits produce almost vertical pulsating magnetic flux density vectors, double 3-phase circuits produce almost horizontal pulsating vectors and six-phase circuits produce almost rotating vectors","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114630558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128838
J. Trovão, H. Jorge, F. Ferreira, P. Pereirinha
This paper presents a systematic approach to harmonic distortion analysis in industrial power networks based on remote acquisition systems with local sensor networks. The use of low-cost synchronous-acquisition remote units with Ethernet communication and computational analysis programs is proposed, providing the capability of remotely study the propagation of harmonic disturbances in industrial installations, including the quantification of the voltage and current waveforms harmonic content, based on recent harmonics analysis techniques. This concept is implemented in an industrial plant and their results are analyzed. The active filtering technique is addressed, including the sizing and implementation of an active filter and the estimation of the respective return on investment, which is compared to the use of a conventional capacitor-based power factor compensation system.
{"title":"A systematic approach to analyse the harmonic distortion in industry","authors":"J. Trovão, H. Jorge, F. Ferreira, P. Pereirinha","doi":"10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPQU.2011.6128838","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic approach to harmonic distortion analysis in industrial power networks based on remote acquisition systems with local sensor networks. The use of low-cost synchronous-acquisition remote units with Ethernet communication and computational analysis programs is proposed, providing the capability of remotely study the propagation of harmonic disturbances in industrial installations, including the quantification of the voltage and current waveforms harmonic content, based on recent harmonics analysis techniques. This concept is implemented in an industrial plant and their results are analyzed. The active filtering technique is addressed, including the sizing and implementation of an active filter and the estimation of the respective return on investment, which is compared to the use of a conventional capacitor-based power factor compensation system.","PeriodicalId":369941,"journal":{"name":"11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125812105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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