Indexes derived from the non-linear end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) are introduced in a way to study the performance of the left ventricle of the heart. The study sheds some light on the problem of heart failure with normal or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is shown that the ejection fraction (EF) is one index of several indexes that can be derived from the ESPVR in order to assess the performance of the left ventricle. Pressures acting on the left ventricle (ordinates of the ESPVR) as well as areas under the ESPVR (units of energy) can be used in assessing the performance of the left ventricle.
{"title":"Indexes Derived From Non-linear ESPVR ForEvaluation Of Ventricular Performance","authors":"R. Shoucri","doi":"10.2495/BIO130121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BIO130121","url":null,"abstract":"Indexes derived from the non-linear end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) are introduced in a way to study the performance of the left ventricle of the heart. The study sheds some light on the problem of heart failure with normal or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It is shown that the ejection fraction (EF) is one index of several indexes that can be derived from the ESPVR in order to assess the performance of the left ventricle. Pressures acting on the left ventricle (ordinates of the ESPVR) as well as areas under the ESPVR (units of energy) can be used in assessing the performance of the left ventricle.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114797973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. P. M. Costa, J. Teixeira, Luís F. Silva, S. Teixeira
At present there are several studies regarding the performance of many pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), more precisely, spacers with special emphasis on the study and analysis of the fluids using (Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) software, in this specific case, Fluent™. The Volumatic ® is the most commonly used spacer nowadays, and, therefore, the one that has been studied more. However, and in spite of all the simulations carried out with air and drug particles, there is no confirmation with an actual experimental testing procedure regarding the drug dynamics inside a particular spacer. Therefore, and to validate the simulated studies carried out before in this area, a mechanical system able to duplicate the respiratory system was designed and implemented so that the same conditions inputted to the simulation tools could be tested and compared. In order to collect the data for this analysis, the Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) technique was used, which enables the measurement of the velocity of the particles through the center and some frontier regions of the studied spacer. As expected, it was possible to observe areas of recirculation, with a similar tendency to those obtained during simulation. The main difference relied on the absolute values of the velocity, which might be related to the lack of symmetry along the spacer and also probably due to the turbulent flow that probably exists inside the tube included in the mechanism used to simulate the respiratory system.
{"title":"Experimental analysis of particles flow inside the Volumatic ® spacer","authors":"J. P. M. Costa, J. Teixeira, Luís F. Silva, S. Teixeira","doi":"10.2495/BIO130031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BIO130031","url":null,"abstract":"At present there are several studies regarding the performance of many pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), more precisely, spacers with special emphasis on the study and analysis of the fluids using (Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) software, in this specific case, Fluent™. The Volumatic ® is the most commonly used spacer nowadays, and, therefore, the one that has been studied more. However, and in spite of all the simulations carried out with air and drug particles, there is no confirmation with an actual experimental testing procedure regarding the drug dynamics inside a particular spacer. Therefore, and to validate the simulated studies carried out before in this area, a mechanical system able to duplicate the respiratory system was designed and implemented so that the same conditions inputted to the simulation tools could be tested and compared. In order to collect the data for this analysis, the Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) technique was used, which enables the measurement of the velocity of the particles through the center and some frontier regions of the studied spacer. As expected, it was possible to observe areas of recirculation, with a similar tendency to those obtained during simulation. The main difference relied on the absolute values of the velocity, which might be related to the lack of symmetry along the spacer and also probably due to the turbulent flow that probably exists inside the tube included in the mechanism used to simulate the respiratory system.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127290192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Doi, Hiroki Takahashi, T. Mawatari, S. Ichinohe
CT images with body weight loading are desired for preoperative planning on TKA surgery. In our proposed method, we perform stress analysis by the finite element method (FEM) for bone mesh structure by generating CT images, and we estimate an ideal standing position of the loaded state (referred to as deformed CT images of the ideal standing position). We also compare the deformed CT image with CR images, and evaluate the effectiveness in several ways.
{"title":"Generation and applications of CT images of the ideal standing position for total knee arthroplasty surgery","authors":"A. Doi, Hiroki Takahashi, T. Mawatari, S. Ichinohe","doi":"10.2495/BIO130241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/BIO130241","url":null,"abstract":"CT images with body weight loading are desired for preoperative planning on TKA surgery. In our proposed method, we perform stress analysis by the finite element method (FEM) for bone mesh structure by generating CT images, and we estimate an ideal standing position of the loaded state (referred to as deformed CT images of the ideal standing position). We also compare the deformed CT image with CR images, and evaluate the effectiveness in several ways.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116995767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phataraphon Markmee, S. Taneepanichskul, R. Chapman
The problem of inappropriate pesticide usage is an important concern for occupational authorities in Thailand. There have been few intervention studies aimed at improving protective behavior and reducing health risk. In this quasiexperimental study, we conducted a pesticide protective behavior intervention program. We assessed the effectiveness of this intervention in improving protective behavior, and reducing neuromuscular symptom prevalence, among 182 rice farmers from December 2011 to June 2012 in Sukhothai province, Thailand. The intervention group comprising 91 rice farmers received a 1-month intervention program. Outcomes were measured before intervention (baseline), and at 1 and 4 months after intervention. The effects of intervention were evaluated with difference-of-difference analysis. The result revealed that all the participants had retention all follow-up time. At baseline, the mean protective behavior score was 50.7 in both the groups. The intervention program improved the protective behavior by a mean score of 8.6 (95%CI 7.4–9.9; p<0.001) one month after the intervention and by a mean score of 6.2 (95%CI 3.9–8.5; p<0.001) 4 months later, and reduced the prevalence of neuromuscular symptoms by 30.3 percent-points (95%CI −42.5 to −18.2; p<0.001) one month after the intervention and by 31.0 percent-points (95%CI −47.4 to −t4.7; p<0.001) 4 months after the intervention. Thus, this program should be considered for implementation to improve the safe use of pesticides in other
{"title":"Effectiveness of a pesticide protective behavior program in improving and reducing neuromuscular symptoms among rice farmers in Sukhothai province, Thailand.","authors":"Phataraphon Markmee, S. Taneepanichskul, R. Chapman","doi":"10.2495/EHR130051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130051","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of inappropriate pesticide usage is an important concern for occupational authorities in Thailand. There have been few intervention studies aimed at improving protective behavior and reducing health risk. In this quasiexperimental study, we conducted a pesticide protective behavior intervention program. We assessed the effectiveness of this intervention in improving protective behavior, and reducing neuromuscular symptom prevalence, among 182 rice farmers from December 2011 to June 2012 in Sukhothai province, Thailand. The intervention group comprising 91 rice farmers received a 1-month intervention program. Outcomes were measured before intervention (baseline), and at 1 and 4 months after intervention. The effects of intervention were evaluated with difference-of-difference analysis. The result revealed that all the participants had retention all follow-up time. At baseline, the mean protective behavior score was 50.7 in both the groups. The intervention program improved the protective behavior by a mean score of 8.6 (95%CI 7.4–9.9; p<0.001) one month after the intervention and by a mean score of 6.2 (95%CI 3.9–8.5; p<0.001) 4 months later, and reduced the prevalence of neuromuscular symptoms by 30.3 percent-points (95%CI −42.5 to −18.2; p<0.001) one month after the intervention and by 31.0 percent-points (95%CI −47.4 to −t4.7; p<0.001) 4 months after the intervention. Thus, this program should be considered for implementation to improve the safe use of pesticides in other","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126125513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Al-Hadyan, S. Binjamaan, F. Mahyoub, G. Alsbeih, B. Moftah
The Biomedical Physics Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre was established in 1980. This report evaluates the Health Physics Section services for all radiation workers in Saudi Arabia during the period between 2006 and 2012. In 2012, a total of 19,054 Thermoluminescent Dosimeter chips were issued compared to 2,480 TLD chips in 2006. The Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratory has calibrated 1,075 survey meters in 2012 compared to 356 in 2006. In 2012, the radiation biodosimetry laboratory has been established and constructed a dose calibration curve. This report shows the improvement of radiation monitoring services in Saudi Arabia.
{"title":"Development of radiation monitoring services for radiation workers in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"K. Al-Hadyan, S. Binjamaan, F. Mahyoub, G. Alsbeih, B. Moftah","doi":"10.2495/EHR130091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130091","url":null,"abstract":"The Biomedical Physics Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre was established in 1980. This report evaluates the Health Physics Section services for all radiation workers in Saudi Arabia during the period between 2006 and 2012. In 2012, a total of 19,054 Thermoluminescent Dosimeter chips were issued compared to 2,480 TLD chips in 2006. The Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratory has calibrated 1,075 survey meters in 2012 compared to 356 in 2006. In 2012, the radiation biodosimetry laboratory has been established and constructed a dose calibration curve. This report shows the improvement of radiation monitoring services in Saudi Arabia.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116116750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Stéphenne, S. Remy, S. Eloy, F. Stassen, J. Defoux
To develop a spatial and quantitative analysis of health problems related to the environment is a challenging exercise combining different factors of risk and many actors. Using geographic information systems (GIS), multi-criteria decision theory and fuzzy logic, our risk simulation model aims to support decision makers to better understand, analyse and manage the health of the population in relation to environmental pollutions. This tool will be used within an exchange platform between the responsible authorities such as data providers and experts in health and environment to set up priorities in managing the complex system of health and environment at the level of the Walloon Region. This paper describes the purpose of this simulation model of risks, its technical development with a first set of simulation data and the proposed way of using this tool by authorities.
{"title":"A Walloon spatial simulation model of risks in environment and health","authors":"N. Stéphenne, S. Remy, S. Eloy, F. Stassen, J. Defoux","doi":"10.2495/EHR130041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130041","url":null,"abstract":"To develop a spatial and quantitative analysis of health problems related to the environment is a challenging exercise combining different factors of risk and many actors. Using geographic information systems (GIS), multi-criteria decision theory and fuzzy logic, our risk simulation model aims to support decision makers to better understand, analyse and manage the health of the population in relation to environmental pollutions. This tool will be used within an exchange platform between the responsible authorities such as data providers and experts in health and environment to set up priorities in managing the complex system of health and environment at the level of the Walloon Region. This paper describes the purpose of this simulation model of risks, its technical development with a first set of simulation data and the proposed way of using this tool by authorities.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114413998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The common and cosmopolitan distributed wastewater macrophyte, namely, Cyperus longus L. was tested as a biological wastewater purifier. Indoor experiments were mainly based on conventional wastewater treatment processes, besides the specified design of sand filtration pots, implanted by C. longus L. Untreated and treated wastewater samples were analyzed for their key physicochemical properties and some heavy metals (only the removal efficiency of the heavy metals Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn by C. longus L. is highlighted in this paper). After 129 days (including 45 days, the time needed for the growth/stabilization of C. longus L. in experiment pots) the C. longus L. was harvested and heavy metals were analyzed in root and shoot systems. The removal efficiency (i.e. uptake/bioaccumulation rate) was then followed up. Results showed that the accumulation rate in the plant roots was much higher than the shoots. Higher metal bioaccumulation per cent was noted in roots; Zn (0.522%), Cu (0.821%), Fe (80.480%), Mn (1.886%) and Cd (0.659%) compared with control (irrigated with clean water); Zn (0.147%), Cu (0.167%), Fe (12.590%), Mn (0.331%) and Cd (0.124%). On the other hand, metal bioaccumulation per cent in shoot system was: Zn (0.412%), Cu (0.458%), Fe (4.540%), Mn (1.719%) and Cd (0.567%) compared with control. Always, the more replicated sand filtration pots the highest removal efficiency of heavy metals was achieved.
{"title":"Cyperus longus L. as a biological purifier of wastewater for irrigation purposes: removal efficiency and Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn.","authors":"D. A. Ganjo, H. Mirza","doi":"10.2495/EHR130211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130211","url":null,"abstract":"The common and cosmopolitan distributed wastewater macrophyte, namely, Cyperus longus L. was tested as a biological wastewater purifier. Indoor experiments were mainly based on conventional wastewater treatment processes, besides the specified design of sand filtration pots, implanted by C. longus L. Untreated and treated wastewater samples were analyzed for their key physicochemical properties and some heavy metals (only the removal efficiency of the heavy metals Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn by C. longus L. is highlighted in this paper). After 129 days (including 45 days, the time needed for the growth/stabilization of C. longus L. in experiment pots) the C. longus L. was harvested and heavy metals were analyzed in root and shoot systems. The removal efficiency (i.e. uptake/bioaccumulation rate) was then followed up. Results showed that the accumulation rate in the plant roots was much higher than the shoots. Higher metal bioaccumulation per cent was noted in roots; Zn (0.522%), Cu (0.821%), Fe (80.480%), Mn (1.886%) and Cd (0.659%) compared with control (irrigated with clean water); Zn (0.147%), Cu (0.167%), Fe (12.590%), Mn (0.331%) and Cd (0.124%). On the other hand, metal bioaccumulation per cent in shoot system was: Zn (0.412%), Cu (0.458%), Fe (4.540%), Mn (1.719%) and Cd (0.567%) compared with control. Always, the more replicated sand filtration pots the highest removal efficiency of heavy metals was achieved.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116876198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste and its proper management is a central environmental issue that is currently confronting countries around the world. Uncontrolled waste production and disposal can cause long-term environmental damage to air, water, land, and to the health of humans – most particularly children. Every year, approximately 5.2 million people, including 4 million children, die of waste-related diseases. In Israel, solid urban waste is disposed of primarily in landfills (85%), but the unrecognized Bedouin settlements in the Negev desert do not have access to regular waste disposal. This forces their residents to try and manage their waste themselves by incineration and other unofficial methods such as dumping and use of refuse pits, practices that are proving hazardous to the community’s environment and to its health. Our study is part of an extensive project designed to encourage the use of alternative means of waste disposal and technologies for recycling and generating bio-gas and to provide Bedouin women with the knowledge of this technology along with its health benefits. While an earlier study was focused on the adult patterns and perceptions in dealing with environmental waste, this one focuses on those of the community’s children, who are active participants in the disposal of domestic waste, and who are therefore also exposed to its hazards. The goal of this study is to develop an elementary school curriculum to provide students with the knowledge and cognitive skills to cope with environmental hazards that they are exposed to in their local environment with an emphasis on waste.
{"title":"Place based education in the context of waste-related implications on health and welfare among Bedouin Arab communities in the Israeli Negev.","authors":"O. B. Assaraf, J. Cwike, W. Sedawi, G. Tsofit","doi":"10.2495/EHR130171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130171","url":null,"abstract":"Waste and its proper management is a central environmental issue that is currently confronting countries around the world. Uncontrolled waste production and disposal can cause long-term environmental damage to air, water, land, and to the health of humans – most particularly children. Every year, approximately 5.2 million people, including 4 million children, die of waste-related diseases. In Israel, solid urban waste is disposed of primarily in landfills (85%), but the unrecognized Bedouin settlements in the Negev desert do not have access to regular waste disposal. This forces their residents to try and manage their waste themselves by incineration and other unofficial methods such as dumping and use of refuse pits, practices that are proving hazardous to the community’s environment and to its health. Our study is part of an extensive project designed to encourage the use of alternative means of waste disposal and technologies for recycling and generating bio-gas and to provide Bedouin women with the knowledge of this technology along with its health benefits. While an earlier study was focused on the adult patterns and perceptions in dealing with environmental waste, this one focuses on those of the community’s children, who are active participants in the disposal of domestic waste, and who are therefore also exposed to its hazards. The goal of this study is to develop an elementary school curriculum to provide students with the knowledge and cognitive skills to cope with environmental hazards that they are exposed to in their local environment with an emphasis on waste.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123314054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Costa, Fátima Brandão, M. Coelho, C. Costa, P. Coelho, S. Silva, B. Porto, J. Teixeira
Formaldehyde (FA) is a high-volume production chemical produced worldwide with a large range of industrial and medical uses. Listed, since 2004, by IARC as a human carcinogen, FA status was recently revised by the US government who reclassified this compound as known to be a human carcinogen. Both reclassifications are based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from epidemiologic studies, supporting data on mechanisms of carcinogenesis and experimental evidence in animals. The highest level of human exposure to FA occurs in occupational settings. Consistent findings of increased risks of certain types of rare cancers were found among workers with higher measures of exposure to FA (exposure level or duration). The aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to FA. A group of pathology and anatomy workers was evaluated for micronuclei in lymphocytes and in exfoliated buccal cells. Genotoxic endpoints are of great interest in the risk assessment of occupational carcinogens because they precede by a long time the potential health effects, thus offering a greater potential for preventive measures. Micronuclei in lymphocytes and in exfoliated buccal cells were significantly higher in the exposed subjects when compared with controls. Air sampling was performed in the workers’ breathing zone for representative working periods and an 8h-time weighted average was assessed. Results
{"title":"Micronucleus frequencies in lymphocytes and buccal cells in formaldehyde exposed workers","authors":"S. Costa, Fátima Brandão, M. Coelho, C. Costa, P. Coelho, S. Silva, B. Porto, J. Teixeira","doi":"10.2495/EHR130081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130081","url":null,"abstract":"Formaldehyde (FA) is a high-volume production chemical produced worldwide with a large range of industrial and medical uses. Listed, since 2004, by IARC as a human carcinogen, FA status was recently revised by the US government who reclassified this compound as known to be a human carcinogen. Both reclassifications are based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from epidemiologic studies, supporting data on mechanisms of carcinogenesis and experimental evidence in animals. The highest level of human exposure to FA occurs in occupational settings. Consistent findings of increased risks of certain types of rare cancers were found among workers with higher measures of exposure to FA (exposure level or duration). The aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to FA. A group of pathology and anatomy workers was evaluated for micronuclei in lymphocytes and in exfoliated buccal cells. Genotoxic endpoints are of great interest in the risk assessment of occupational carcinogens because they precede by a long time the potential health effects, thus offering a greater potential for preventive measures. Micronuclei in lymphocytes and in exfoliated buccal cells were significantly higher in the exposed subjects when compared with controls. Air sampling was performed in the workers’ breathing zone for representative working periods and an 8h-time weighted average was assessed. Results","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Reste, M. Eglīte, A. Rubine, J. Cīrule, G. Zubkova, T. Zvagule, I. Vanadziņš
For Latvian society musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are becoming an urgent problem like in the majority of European countries. Physical overload is one of the most important aetiological factors for development of work-related MSDs. The aim of the study was analysis of occupational MSDs’ incidence tendencies in Latvia during the time period from 1996 till 2011. Data of Latvian State Register of Occupational Diseases about incidence of occupational MSDs according to Latvian official list of occupational disorders were used. The time period between 1996 and 2011 was analysed in detail. This current paper reports a rapid increase in number of occupational MSDs revealed for the first time every year in Latvia. At the same time, a gradual decrease of “classical” occupational diseases, such as respiratory disorders caused by dust and chemical substances was observed during the period of analysis. In most cases, more than one MSD was diagnosed for one patient. The largest part of these MSDs was chronic, disabling and had been acquired for a long time before being revealed. In 94.8% of all patients with firstly revealed occupational diseases in 2011 factor physical overload (i.e. heavy lifting, repetitive or highly differentiated movements or awkward working posture, manual handling) were mentioned as harmful working risk factors. During the last ten years MSDs have taken first place in the occupational morbidity structure of Latvia. Considering the present situation in Latvia, special attention of OH&S specialists should be paid to the early prevention of MSDs and fight against physical overload at work places.
{"title":"Musculoskeletal disorders caused by physical overload: the situation in Latvia","authors":"J. Reste, M. Eglīte, A. Rubine, J. Cīrule, G. Zubkova, T. Zvagule, I. Vanadziņš","doi":"10.2495/EHR130071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130071","url":null,"abstract":"For Latvian society musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are becoming an urgent problem like in the majority of European countries. Physical overload is one of the most important aetiological factors for development of work-related MSDs. The aim of the study was analysis of occupational MSDs’ incidence tendencies in Latvia during the time period from 1996 till 2011. Data of Latvian State Register of Occupational Diseases about incidence of occupational MSDs according to Latvian official list of occupational disorders were used. The time period between 1996 and 2011 was analysed in detail. This current paper reports a rapid increase in number of occupational MSDs revealed for the first time every year in Latvia. At the same time, a gradual decrease of “classical” occupational diseases, such as respiratory disorders caused by dust and chemical substances was observed during the period of analysis. In most cases, more than one MSD was diagnosed for one patient. The largest part of these MSDs was chronic, disabling and had been acquired for a long time before being revealed. In 94.8% of all patients with firstly revealed occupational diseases in 2011 factor physical overload (i.e. heavy lifting, repetitive or highly differentiated movements or awkward working posture, manual handling) were mentioned as harmful working risk factors. During the last ten years MSDs have taken first place in the occupational morbidity structure of Latvia. Considering the present situation in Latvia, special attention of OH&S specialists should be paid to the early prevention of MSDs and fight against physical overload at work places.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128557927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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