A comparison of the implementation of food hygiene standards between government and private catering establishments was conducted throughout 2010 in Tripoli, Libya. The study focused on whether there is an association between the two types of establishments, and the application of food safety measures by employees. The food handlers' questionnaire was designed to assess food safety and hygiene measures resulting from staff training as well as to detect the similarities and the differences between the two types of institutes in application of food hygiene standards. Respondents were asked about food hygiene practices in their catering institutions, their attitude towards a range of food hygiene related issues and habits, that are considered crucial during food preparation, whereas the supervisors (managers) questionnaire was intended to investigate their awareness of the hazards, control, and any performance plans relating to their catering. The results showed that the level of implementation of food hygiene standards in private catering institution is higher than in the government ones. In addition, the supervisors of private institutions were more aware of food safety and food hygiene than the supervisors of government institutions. In general, the performance of food handlers and supervisors working in private sector is better than the performance of those working in government sector.
{"title":"A comparison of the implementation of food hygiene standards between government and private catering establishments","authors":"E. M. Abogrean, L. O. Abugrain","doi":"10.2495/EHR130161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130161","url":null,"abstract":"A comparison of the implementation of food hygiene standards between government and private catering establishments was conducted throughout 2010 in Tripoli, Libya. The study focused on whether there is an association between the two types of establishments, and the application of food safety measures by employees. The food handlers' questionnaire was designed to assess food safety and hygiene measures resulting from staff training as well as to detect the similarities and the differences between the two types of institutes in application of food hygiene standards. Respondents were asked about food hygiene practices in their catering institutions, their attitude towards a range of food hygiene related issues and habits, that are considered crucial during food preparation, whereas the supervisors (managers) questionnaire was intended to investigate their awareness of the hazards, control, and any performance plans relating to their catering. The results showed that the level of implementation of food hygiene standards in private catering institution is higher than in the government ones. In addition, the supervisors of private institutions were more aware of food safety and food hygiene than the supervisors of government institutions. In general, the performance of food handlers and supervisors working in private sector is better than the performance of those working in government sector.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126705420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Viegas, S. Viegas, M. Almeida-Silva, C. Veríssimo, R. Sabino
Social concerns for environmental impact on air, water and soil pollution have grown along with the accelerated growth of pig production. This study intends to characterize air contamination caused by fungi and particles in swine production, and, additionally, to conclude about their eventual environmental impact. Fiftysix air samples of 50 litters were collected through impaction method. Air sampling and particle matter concentration were performed in indoor and also outdoor premises. Simultaneously, temperature and relative humidity were monitored according to the International Standard ISO 7726 – 1998. Aspergillus versicolor presents the highest indoor spore counts (>2000 CFU/m 3 ) and the highest overall prevalence (40.5%), followed by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (17.0%) and Penicillium sp. (14.1%). All the swine farms showed indoor fungal species different from the ones identified outdoors and the most frequent genera were also different from the ones indoors. The distribution of particle size showed the same tendency in all swine farms (higher concentration values in PM5 and PM10 sizes). Through the ratio between the indoor and outdoor values, it was possible to conclude that CFU/m
{"title":"Environmental impact caused by fungal and particle contamination of Portuguese swine.","authors":"C. Viegas, S. Viegas, M. Almeida-Silva, C. Veríssimo, R. Sabino","doi":"10.2495/EHR130021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130021","url":null,"abstract":"Social concerns for environmental impact on air, water and soil pollution have grown along with the accelerated growth of pig production. This study intends to characterize air contamination caused by fungi and particles in swine production, and, additionally, to conclude about their eventual environmental impact. Fiftysix air samples of 50 litters were collected through impaction method. Air sampling and particle matter concentration were performed in indoor and also outdoor premises. Simultaneously, temperature and relative humidity were monitored according to the International Standard ISO 7726 – 1998. Aspergillus versicolor presents the highest indoor spore counts (>2000 CFU/m 3 ) and the highest overall prevalence (40.5%), followed by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (17.0%) and Penicillium sp. (14.1%). All the swine farms showed indoor fungal species different from the ones identified outdoors and the most frequent genera were also different from the ones indoors. The distribution of particle size showed the same tendency in all swine farms (higher concentration values in PM5 and PM10 sizes). Through the ratio between the indoor and outdoor values, it was possible to conclude that CFU/m","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134593697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Viegas, J. Malta-Vacas, R. Sabino, C. Veríssimo, C. Viegas
The impact of mycotoxins on human and animal health is well recognized. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is by far the most prevalent and the most potent natural carcinogen and is usually the major aflatoxin produced by toxigenic fungal strains. Data available, points to an increasing frequency of poultry feed contamination by aflatoxins. Since aflatoxin residues may accumulate in body tissues, this represents a high risk to human health. Samples from commercial poultry birds have already presented detectable levels of aflatoxin in liver. A descriptive study was developed in order to assess fungal contamination by species from Aspergillus flavus complex in seven Portuguese poultry units. Air fungal contamination was studied by conventional and molecular methods. Air, litter and surfaces samples were collected. To apply molecular methods, air samples of 300L were collected using the Coriolis μ air sampler (Bertin Technologies), at 300 L/min airflow rate. For conventional methodologies, all the collected samples were incubated at 27oC for five to seven days. Through conventional methods, Aspergillus flavus was the third fungal species (7%) most frequently found in 27 indoor air samples analysed and the most commonly isolated species (75%) in air samples containing only the Aspergillus genus.
{"title":"Potential poultry and meat products contamination by aflatoxin B1 due to fungal presence in Portuguese poultry units","authors":"S. Viegas, J. Malta-Vacas, R. Sabino, C. Veríssimo, C. Viegas","doi":"10.2495/EHR130151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130151","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of mycotoxins on human and animal health is well recognized. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is by far the most prevalent and the most potent natural carcinogen and is usually the major aflatoxin produced by toxigenic fungal strains. Data available, points to an increasing frequency of poultry feed contamination by aflatoxins. Since aflatoxin residues may accumulate in body tissues, this represents a high risk to human health. Samples from commercial poultry birds have already presented detectable levels of aflatoxin in liver. A descriptive study was developed in order to assess fungal contamination by species from Aspergillus flavus complex in seven Portuguese poultry units. Air fungal contamination was studied by conventional and molecular methods. Air, litter and surfaces samples were collected. To apply molecular methods, air samples of 300L were collected using the Coriolis μ air sampler (Bertin Technologies), at 300 L/min airflow rate. For conventional methodologies, all the collected samples were incubated at 27oC for five to seven days. Through conventional methods, Aspergillus flavus was the third fungal species (7%) most frequently found in 27 indoor air samples analysed and the most commonly isolated species (75%) in air samples containing only the Aspergillus genus.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130631197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At a time when there is a close relationship between the occurrence of many types of diseases and a city urban environment it appears that a more positive approach is needed for the integration of urban development and healthy city issues in urbanized areas. It is against this background that the Healthy City project was established in order to consider ways in which health-based approaches can take place in our new cities’ planning policies. This research, which is based on the proceeding of such concepts will discuss the role of the urban planning process in the improving of urban environmental qualities in Tripoli city as a case study. Tripoli city accommodates more than 35% of the total country’s population and which, by now, can be regarded as almost the antinomy of such a concept. In this respect, architects and urban planners will play a substantial role in the trend toward the improvement of environmental quality which in consequence would lead to undertakings to protect people from the hazards of environmental diseases. According to world tendencies oriented towards creating a healthy city, this research will be an attempt to evaluate the prospective of the urban concept of a healthy city in subtropical climate zones based on physical, social, and psychological environment supportive to health, keeping in mind the area’s local conditions (topographic, social and culture).
{"title":"Urban concept of a healthy city: case study - Tripoli, Libya","authors":"T. Amer","doi":"10.2495/EHR130131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130131","url":null,"abstract":"At a time when there is a close relationship between the occurrence of many types of diseases and a city urban environment it appears that a more positive approach is needed for the integration of urban development and healthy city issues in urbanized areas. It is against this background that the Healthy City project was established in order to consider ways in which health-based approaches can take place in our new cities’ planning policies. This research, which is based on the proceeding of such concepts will discuss the role of the urban planning process in the improving of urban environmental qualities in Tripoli city as a case study. Tripoli city accommodates more than 35% of the total country’s population and which, by now, can be regarded as almost the antinomy of such a concept. In this respect, architects and urban planners will play a substantial role in the trend toward the improvement of environmental quality which in consequence would lead to undertakings to protect people from the hazards of environmental diseases. According to world tendencies oriented towards creating a healthy city, this research will be an attempt to evaluate the prospective of the urban concept of a healthy city in subtropical climate zones based on physical, social, and psychological environment supportive to health, keeping in mind the area’s local conditions (topographic, social and culture).","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122253278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In previous years, great attention has been paid to the problem of hazardous waste management. “Prevention costs” of the activities concerned with hazardous waste (HW) are lower than “restoration costs” after damage is done. Within the scope of the paper the methodology for forecasting hazardous waste flows was elaborated. The methodology of the research included 6 modules: historical data, assumptions, choose of indicators, data processing, and data analysis with STATGRAPHICS, and forecast models. The proposed methodology was validated for the case for Latvia. A new type of the indicator based on the HW intensity within the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev. 2) sectors and households has been developed. The indicator allows for assessing the HW production intensity. The results of the study suggest that HW intensity in Latvia is forecasted to slowly decrease by 3.8% in next six years. The pessimistic prognosis (upper 95%) gives an increase in HW intensity by 44.5%, but the intermediate (upper and lower 50%) gives a corridor of +18.4% to –36.1%.
{"title":"A methodology for forecasting hazardous waste flows","authors":"J. Vilgerts, L. Timma, D. Blumberga","doi":"10.2495/EHR130191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130191","url":null,"abstract":"In previous years, great attention has been paid to the problem of hazardous waste management. “Prevention costs” of the activities concerned with hazardous waste (HW) are lower than “restoration costs” after damage is done. Within the scope of the paper the methodology for forecasting hazardous waste flows was elaborated. The methodology of the research included 6 modules: historical data, assumptions, choose of indicators, data processing, and data analysis with STATGRAPHICS, and forecast models. The proposed methodology was validated for the case for Latvia. A new type of the indicator based on the HW intensity within the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE Rev. 2) sectors and households has been developed. The indicator allows for assessing the HW production intensity. The results of the study suggest that HW intensity in Latvia is forecasted to slowly decrease by 3.8% in next six years. The pessimistic prognosis (upper 95%) gives an increase in HW intensity by 44.5%, but the intermediate (upper and lower 50%) gives a corridor of +18.4% to –36.1%.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"38 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121011252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants have various kinds of functions. One of them is a purifying function to gaseous contaminants including carbon dioxide. It is a noticeable function from the standpoint of protection of the global environment. Plants can purify not only carbon dioxide but also nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide, and the chemicals are used as a source of energy after having been broken down in the plants. In addition, plants put out a bioelectric potential which changes depending on the environment and growing conditions. In this study, the relationship between the potential and purification capability of a plant is examined using an LED lighting system. Broccoli is adopted as a subjective plant and the experiment is carried out with five kinds of LED light frequencies including darkness. The summation value is adopted as the potential value, namely the total amount of the bioelectric potential for a minute (vm1). As a result, the capability increases and the potential also becomes greater in blue light. A positive correlation is recognized in the relationship between the potential and the capability. A specific gaseous chemical could be purified in a particular light-frequency by applying the results of this study.
{"title":"Purification capability of broccoli to gaseous ethyl alcohol using an LED lighting system","authors":"T. Oyabu","doi":"10.2495/EHR130111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130111","url":null,"abstract":"Plants have various kinds of functions. One of them is a purifying function to gaseous contaminants including carbon dioxide. It is a noticeable function from the standpoint of protection of the global environment. Plants can purify not only carbon dioxide but also nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide, and the chemicals are used as a source of energy after having been broken down in the plants. In addition, plants put out a bioelectric potential which changes depending on the environment and growing conditions. In this study, the relationship between the potential and purification capability of a plant is examined using an LED lighting system. Broccoli is adopted as a subjective plant and the experiment is carried out with five kinds of LED light frequencies including darkness. The summation value is adopted as the potential value, namely the total amount of the bioelectric potential for a minute (vm1). As a result, the capability increases and the potential also becomes greater in blue light. A positive correlation is recognized in the relationship between the potential and the capability. A specific gaseous chemical could be purified in a particular light-frequency by applying the results of this study.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"R-28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126630526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The issue of thermal and acoustic comfort of passengers on board public transport has not yet been suitably faced in recent years. High-ranking of noise and improper thermal climate inside buses, trams and tubes can provoke justifiable complaints of passengers and noise impact. Noise impact may impair safety when it hinders communication inside the vehicles, causing fatigue, loss of concentration and is, obviously, annoying too. The research has been subdivided into two steps: the first is about thermal comfort and the second step has been drawn to evaluate by experimental measurements the main parameters characterizing the acoustic comfort: Equivalent sound pressure Level (Leq), Noise Rating (NR) and Speech Interference Level (SIL). All these parameters can give useful indications about the comfort status of passengers. Analysis and elaborations of measured data were taken to discover that passengers are often exposed to high levels of noise, which causes stress especially for older people and children.
{"title":"Analysis of acoustic climate on board public transport","authors":"F. Patania, A. Gagliano, F. Nocera, A. Galesi","doi":"10.2495/EHR130011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130011","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of thermal and acoustic comfort of passengers on board public transport has not yet been suitably faced in recent years. High-ranking of noise and improper thermal climate inside buses, trams and tubes can provoke justifiable complaints of passengers and noise impact. Noise impact may impair safety when it hinders communication inside the vehicles, causing fatigue, loss of concentration and is, obviously, annoying too. The research has been subdivided into two steps: the first is about thermal comfort and the second step has been drawn to evaluate by experimental measurements the main parameters characterizing the acoustic comfort: Equivalent sound pressure Level (Leq), Noise Rating (NR) and Speech Interference Level (SIL). All these parameters can give useful indications about the comfort status of passengers. Analysis and elaborations of measured data were taken to discover that passengers are often exposed to high levels of noise, which causes stress especially for older people and children.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129378925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Newcombe, Á. Evangelio, P. Revilla, T. Laranjeiro, S. Hansen
Extraction of oil promises economic growth in many developing countries but almost inevitably brings environmental and social degradation with it. In this paper we explore the environmental, social and ethical aspects of multinational companies’ (MNCs) oil exploration and production in Ecuador and we analyze several different protective regulatory management strategies that could help eliminate negative impacts. We use Drivers Pressures State Impacts Responses (DPSIR)-analysis to understand the interconnectivity of the current situation whereas we use stakeholder analysis to identify the most appropriate regulatory response. We find that there is scientific consensus that pollution from oil production by MNCs has caused an environmental disaster, a widespread health emergency and serious detrimental social impacts. This raises fundamental questions about whether it is ethically justifiable that MNCs disregard legal rules from their country of origin to profit from limited and ineffective environmental law in developing countries. A number of regulatory strategies exist that could resolve the situation including; the temporary banning of MNCs to extract oil, expansion of the Yasuni-ITT initiative, which allows the Ecuadorian government to receive funds from the international community for refraining from oil exploitation, compensation and remediation and the development of environmental law and policy. Selecting the most appropriate strategies requires stakeholder involvement and consideration of their interests. Through our stakeholder analysis we identified a wide range of stakeholders ranging from the indigenous people to MNCs such as Chevron. The interests, influence and political and economical power of the identified stakeholders differ substantially and unfortunately it was found that the most impacted stakeholders were quite
{"title":"The environmental, social and ethical aspects of multinational corporations exploiting oil resources in Ecuador","authors":"A. Newcombe, Á. Evangelio, P. Revilla, T. Laranjeiro, S. Hansen","doi":"10.2495/EHR130141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130141","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction of oil promises economic growth in many developing countries but almost inevitably brings environmental and social degradation with it. In this paper we explore the environmental, social and ethical aspects of multinational companies’ (MNCs) oil exploration and production in Ecuador and we analyze several different protective regulatory management strategies that could help eliminate negative impacts. We use Drivers Pressures State Impacts Responses (DPSIR)-analysis to understand the interconnectivity of the current situation whereas we use stakeholder analysis to identify the most appropriate regulatory response. We find that there is scientific consensus that pollution from oil production by MNCs has caused an environmental disaster, a widespread health emergency and serious detrimental social impacts. This raises fundamental questions about whether it is ethically justifiable that MNCs disregard legal rules from their country of origin to profit from limited and ineffective environmental law in developing countries. A number of regulatory strategies exist that could resolve the situation including; the temporary banning of MNCs to extract oil, expansion of the Yasuni-ITT initiative, which allows the Ecuadorian government to receive funds from the international community for refraining from oil exploitation, compensation and remediation and the development of environmental law and policy. Selecting the most appropriate strategies requires stakeholder involvement and consideration of their interests. Through our stakeholder analysis we identified a wide range of stakeholders ranging from the indigenous people to MNCs such as Chevron. The interests, influence and political and economical power of the identified stakeholders differ substantially and unfortunately it was found that the most impacted stakeholders were quite","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study introduces a new dynamic lighting system exceptional from typical indoor lighting solutions. The main highlights of the tested system are the variable colour temperature and the vertical lighting. Typical modern office lighting is gas tube fluorescent lighting with a fixed colour temperature. The authors used a previously developed dynamic lighting model and tested an experimental lighting panel at workplaces deficient of daylight. The selected building was an atrium type with workrooms facing the inner courtyard being the focal point of this study. The authors presumed workers in such office places to show most improvement under the intervention period. Twelve people participated in the experiment. The subjects’ workplaces were improved with experimental dynamic lighting set-ups and their experience recorded using a questionnaire and a computerized reaction speed test. By the end of the experiment half of the subjects reported having benefited at least to some degree from the dynamic lighting panel. Those people reported having an improved general well-being as well feeling more productive. Analysis of reaction-speed tests also showed some improvement.
{"title":"A dynamic lighting system for workplaces deficient of daylight","authors":"T. Koppel, P. Tint","doi":"10.2495/EHR130101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130101","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a new dynamic lighting system exceptional from typical indoor lighting solutions. The main highlights of the tested system are the variable colour temperature and the vertical lighting. Typical modern office lighting is gas tube fluorescent lighting with a fixed colour temperature. The authors used a previously developed dynamic lighting model and tested an experimental lighting panel at workplaces deficient of daylight. The selected building was an atrium type with workrooms facing the inner courtyard being the focal point of this study. The authors presumed workers in such office places to show most improvement under the intervention period. Twelve people participated in the experiment. The subjects’ workplaces were improved with experimental dynamic lighting set-ups and their experience recorded using a questionnaire and a computerized reaction speed test. By the end of the experiment half of the subjects reported having benefited at least to some degree from the dynamic lighting panel. Those people reported having an improved general well-being as well feeling more productive. Analysis of reaction-speed tests also showed some improvement.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131005299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated how 14 dentists and five dental assistants dealt with the waste produced in a dental clinic of the public health service in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The method of direct observation associated with information obtained through a self-filling questionnaire and interviews with the participants were used. The findings pointed out the improper disposal of biological and sharps waste as well as those from dental amalgams. Only radiological waste received an appropriate treatment. Most health professionals ignored the law posing risks to the public health, environment and their own health. The lack of knowledge concerning the procedures recommended by health authorities is responsible for most of the negligent actions used in dentistry. Knowledge about the importance of the proper disposal of waste should begin in professional training courses.
{"title":"Medical Waste Management In A Dental Clinic","authors":"F. Moreira, L. Jesus","doi":"10.2495/EHR130201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/EHR130201","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated how 14 dentists and five dental assistants dealt with the waste produced in a dental clinic of the public health service in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The method of direct observation associated with information obtained through a self-filling questionnaire and interviews with the participants were used. The findings pointed out the improper disposal of biological and sharps waste as well as those from dental amalgams. Only radiological waste received an appropriate treatment. Most health professionals ignored the law posing risks to the public health, environment and their own health. The lack of knowledge concerning the procedures recommended by health authorities is responsible for most of the negligent actions used in dentistry. Knowledge about the importance of the proper disposal of waste should begin in professional training courses.","PeriodicalId":370021,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on Biomedicine and Health","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125846816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：