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2015 IEEE 20th International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)最新文献

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A burst-approach for transmission of TCP traffic over DVB-RCS2 links 在DVB-RCS2链路上传输TCP流量的突发方法
A. Salam, M. Luglio, C. Roseti, F. Zampognaro
DVB-RCS2 is conceived to improve satellite channel flexibility in supporting a vast gamut of applications. In particular, a Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) MAC profile is allowed for bulk transfers typical of Internet applications. As assessed for previous DVB-RCS systems, TCP performance is seriously impaired in this context mainly because of large latency, further inflated by BoD access delay. In addition, Web traffic became more and more bursty, so that the number of TCP connections results increased, while each connection manages a small amount of data. TCP Wave is a new protocol designed to transmit in burst instead of using Sliding Window concept with the objective to accelerate transmission of short transfers. This paper assesses TCP Wave performance in comparison with standard TCP mechanisms (i.e. TCP NewReno) over a realistic DVB-RCS2 implementation on the Ns-3. The main contribution herein provided is a first analysis of the actual DVB-S2/DVB-RCS2 operations on TCP-IP protocols.
DVB-RCS2旨在提高卫星信道的灵活性,以支持广泛的应用。特别是,带宽随需应变(BoD) MAC配置文件允许用于典型的Internet应用程序的批量传输。根据对以前DVB-RCS系统的评估,TCP性能在这种情况下严重受损,主要是因为大延迟,而BoD访问延迟进一步膨胀。此外,Web流量变得越来越突发,使得TCP连接结果的数量增加,而每个连接管理的数据量却很少。TCP Wave是一种以突发传输方式代替滑动窗口的新协议,其目的是为了加快短时间传输的速度。本文通过Ns-3上实际的DVB-RCS2实现,评估了TCP Wave与标准TCP机制(即TCP NewReno)的性能。本文的主要贡献是首次分析了TCP-IP协议上DVB-S2/DVB-RCS2的实际操作。
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引用次数: 17
Epidemic models using Resource Prediction mechanism for optimal provision of multimedia services 利用资源预测机制的流行病模型优化多媒体服务的提供
Yiannos Kryftis, C. Mavromoustakis, G. Mastorakis, J. M. Batalla, P. Chatzimisios
This paper proposes a network architecture that goes a step beyond the current state-of-the-art, by elaborating on a novel resource reservation and provision scheme, through a Media Distribution Middleware (MDM), that is based on a Resource Prediction Engine (RPE) leading to both high resource utilization and quality guarantees. The architecture defines management planes and software components that provide the mechanisms for collecting monitoring data, predicting possible future values of the network metrics and resources usage, and applying management decisions to keep the provision optimal. The proposed research approach is based on novel time series and epidemic spread models, and the outcome is used for the optimal distribution of streaming data, among Content Delivery Networks, cloud-based providers and Home Media Gateways. The proposed epidemic diseases model adopts the characteristics of the multimedia content delivery over the network architecture. In this context, the paper aims to present the advantages of using such models, by presenting and analyzing an epidemic spread scheme for Video on Demand (VoD) delivery, to predict future epidemic spread behavior. The validity of the proposed system is verified through several sets of extended experimental simulation tests, carried out under controlled simulation conditions.
本文提出了一种超越当前技术水平的网络架构,通过基于资源预测引擎(RPE)的媒体分发中间件(MDM)详细阐述了一种新的资源预留和供应方案,从而实现了高资源利用率和质量保证。该体系结构定义了管理平面和软件组件,这些组件提供了收集监视数据的机制,预测网络度量和资源使用的未来可能值,并应用管理决策以保持供应的最佳状态。所提出的研究方法基于新颖的时间序列和流行病传播模型,其结果用于内容交付网络、基于云的提供商和家庭媒体网关之间流数据的最佳分配。提出的传染病模型采用了网络架构下多媒体内容传递的特点。在此背景下,本文旨在通过提出和分析视频点播(Video on Demand, VoD)的一种流行病传播方案来预测未来的流行病传播行为,从而展示使用这种模型的优势。通过在受控仿真条件下进行的几组扩展实验仿真测试,验证了所提出系统的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
Decentralized Q-learning for uplink power control 基于分散q学习的上行功率控制
S. Dzulkifly, L. Giupponi, F. Said, M. Dohler
Fractional power control (FPC) is the simplified version of open loop power control (OLPC) in long term evolution (LTE) that relies on downlink path loss information from base station (BS). This allows user equipment (UE) to decide which power to use for uplink transmission. However, asymmetric behavior of uplink and downlink transmission in crowded network might cause unfair transmit power estimation. This motivates our investigation of implementing uplink path loss and q-learning algorithm to enable UE to decide appropriate transmit power on its own. In this study we apply the concept of FPC into q-learning, enabling UE to find suitable transmit power with respect to uplink path loss. 3GPP uplink path loss model is exploited in our study. We compare outputs between our proposed method and FPC. . From simulation, we find out that DQL performs better as compared to fractional power control in terms of signal-to-interference-noise-ratio (SINR) with average increase factor of 3.5.
分数功率控制(FPC)是长期演进(LTE)中开环功率控制(OLPC)的简化版本,它依赖于来自基站(BS)的下行路径损耗信息。这允许用户设备(UE)决定使用哪个电源进行上行传输。然而,在拥挤的网络中,上行和下行传输的不对称行为可能导致不公平的发射功率估计。这促使我们研究实现上行路径损耗和q-学习算法,使UE能够自行决定合适的发射功率。在本研究中,我们将FPC的概念应用到q-learning中,使UE能够根据上行路径损耗找到合适的发射功率。本研究利用3GPP上行路径损耗模型。我们比较了我们提出的方法和FPC的输出。从仿真中,我们发现DQL在信噪比(SINR)方面比分数功率控制表现更好,平均增加因子为3.5。
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引用次数: 4
A comparative study on outage probabilities of decode-and-forward and lossy-forward relay techniques 译码转发技术与损耗转发技术的中断概率比较研究
Shen Qian, M. Juntti, T. Matsumoto
The primary objective of this paper is to make a performance comparison in terms of outage probability between decode-and-forward with joint decoding (DF-JD) and lossy-forward (LF) techniques. With DF-JD, only if the relay's received information sequence can be decoded with an arbitrarily low error probability, it is forwarded to the destination. On the contrary, with LF, the relay node always forwards decoded information sequence to the destination even if a decoding error is detected. Interleaving is used at relay and joint decoding is utilized at the destination to exploit the source-relay correlation for both techniques. The outage probability of conventional DF system with maximum ratio combining (DF-MRC) performed at the destination is also presented. Asymmetric statistical properties of the fading variations for each link are taken into account. It is shown that regardless of the presence of line-of-sight component, the outage probability with LF relay system is significantly smaller than that with DF-JD and DF-MRC relay systems. The impact of the per-link spectrum efficiency, representing the modulation multiplicity and channel coding rate, on outage probability is also investigated. It is found that, given that the specified per-link spectrum efficiency is satisfied, LF relay system always achieves lower outage performance than that with DF-JD and DF-MRC systems. The accuracy of the analytical results are verified by a series of Monte Carlo simulations.
本文的主要目的是对联合解码(DF-JD)和丢失转发(LF)技术在中断概率方面的性能进行比较。使用DF-JD,只有中继接收到的信息序列能够以任意低的错误概率被解码,才会转发到目的地。相反,如果使用LF,即使检测到解码错误,中继节点也会将解码后的信息序列转发到目的地。在中继端采用交错,在目的端采用联合译码,充分利用源中继的相关性。给出了最大比组合(DF- mrc)的传统DF系统在目的地执行的中断概率。考虑了各链路衰落变化的非对称统计特性。结果表明,在不考虑视距分量存在的情况下,LF中继系统的中断概率明显小于DF-JD和DF-MRC中继系统。研究了每链路频谱效率(代表调制多重性和信道编码速率)对中断概率的影响。研究发现,在满足规定的单链路频谱效率的情况下,低频中继系统的中断性能始终低于DF-JD和DF-MRC系统。通过一系列的蒙特卡罗模拟验证了分析结果的准确性。
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引用次数: 4
Fuzzy multiple criteria switch off method for dense heterogeneous networks 密集异构网络的模糊多准则关闭方法
A. Dudnikova, P. Dini, L. Giupponi, D. Panno
The growth in mobile traffic demand is leading to a dense heterogeneous cellular network. This massive deployment of mobile equipment (i.e. base stations) may cause a high increment of the network energy consumption and therefore operational expenditure for operators. One of the most promising techniques to save energy (and costs) is to switch off some underutilized cells during off peak hours. In this line, our focus is to optimize the number of base stations in dense LTE pico cell deployments in order to maximize the energy saving, while satisfying the Quality of Service constraints. We use a combination of Fuzzy Logic, Grey Relational Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process tools to trigger the switch off actions, and jointly consider multiple decision inputs for each cell.
移动通信需求的增长导致了密集的异构蜂窝网络。移动设备(即基站)的大规模部署可能会导致网络能耗的大幅增加,从而增加运营商的运营支出。节约能源(和成本)最有前途的技术之一是在非高峰时段关闭一些未充分利用的电池。在这方面,我们的重点是优化密集LTE微蜂窝部署中的基站数量,以便在满足服务质量约束的同时最大限度地节省能源。我们结合使用模糊逻辑、灰色关联分析和层次分析法工具来触发关闭动作,并共同考虑每个单元的多个决策输入。
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引用次数: 3
Throughput bound of XOR coded wireless multicasting to three clients 对三个客户端进行异或编码无线多播的吞吐量限制
Jalaluddin Qureshi, A. Malik
It is a well-known result that constructing code-words over GF(2) to minimize the number of transmissions for a single-hop wireless multicasting is an NP-complete problem. Linearly independent codewords can be constructed in polynomial time for all the n clients, known as maximum distance separable (MDS) code, when the finite field size q is larger than or equal to the number of clients, q ≥ n. In this paper we quantify the exact minimum number of transmissions for a multicast network using erasure code when q = 2 and n = 3, such that q <; n. We first show that the use of Markov chain model to derive the minimum number of transmissions for such a network is limited for very small number of input packets. We then use combinatorial approach to derive an upper bound on the exact minimum number of transmissions. Our results show that the difference between the expected number of transmissions using XOR coding and MDS coding is negligible for n = 3.
在GF(2)上构造码字以最小化单跳无线多播的传输次数是一个np完全问题,这是一个众所周知的结果。当有限域大小q大于或等于客户端数量q≥n时,可以在多项式时间内构造所有n个客户端线性无关的码字,称为最大距离可分离码(MDS)。在本文中,我们量化了当q = 2和n = 3时使用擦除码的组播网络的确切最小传输数,使得q <;n.我们首先表明,使用马尔可夫链模型来推导这种网络的最小传输数对于非常小的输入数据包数量是有限的。然后用组合方法求出最小传输次数的上界。我们的结果表明,当n = 3时,使用异或编码和MDS编码的预期传输数之间的差异可以忽略不计。
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引用次数: 1
Compact linear embroidered antenna research (CLEAR) 紧凑型线性绣花天线研究(CLEAR)
D. Speight, D. Titz, C. Luxey, W. Whittow
This paper presents working prototypes of an embroidered, wearable antenna. The ‘Bratenna’ as the name suggests is designed to be embroidered into a bra. The basic theory behind the use of a curved dipole antenna is presented and elaborated in the form of the curved wires of a bra. A prototype antenna is embroidered and measured, and the measured results in free space and on the body are compared with simulated results. Sufficient bandwidth and impedance matching is found around the 2.4 GHz band. A commercial sensor has been modified to include the embroidered antenna and an increase in read range was achieved compared the conventional antenna.
本文介绍了一种刺绣式可穿戴天线的工作原型。顾名思义,“Bratenna”是用来绣在胸罩上的。以胸罩的弯曲导线的形式介绍并阐述了弯曲偶极子天线使用的基本理论。对原型天线进行了刺绣和测量,并将自由空间和机身上的测量结果与仿真结果进行了比较。在2.4 GHz频段附近发现了足够的带宽和阻抗匹配。对一种商用传感器进行了改进,加入了刺绣天线,与传统天线相比,读取范围有所增加。
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引用次数: 0
A distributed sleep mechanism for energy-efficiency in non-beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 networks 在非信标启用的IEEE 802.15.4网络中提高能源效率的分布式睡眠机制
R. Kiyumi, S. Vural, C. Foh, R. Tafazolli
The IEEE 802.15.4 protocol is widely adopted as the MAC sub-layer standard for wireless sensor networks, with two available modes: beacon-enabled and non-beacon-enabled. The non-beacon-enabled mode is simpler and does not require time synchronisation; however, it lacks an explicit energy saving mechanism that is crucial for its deployment on energy-constrained sensors. This paper proposes a distributed sleep mechanism for non-beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4 networks which provides energy savings to energy-limited nodes. The proposed mechanism introduces a sleep state that follows each successful packet transmission. Besides energy savings, the mechanism produces a traffic shaping effect that reduces the overall contention in the network, effectively improving packet delivery ratio. Based on traffic arrival rate and the level of network contention, a node can adjust its sleep period to achieve the highest packet delivery ratio. Performance results obtained by ns3 simulations validate these improvements as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.
IEEE 802.15.4协议作为无线传感器网络的MAC子层标准被广泛采用,有信标使能和非信标使能两种模式。非信标启用模式更简单,不需要时间同步;然而,它缺乏明确的节能机制,这对于在能量受限的传感器上部署至关重要。本文提出了一种用于非信标IEEE 802.15.4网络的分布式睡眠机制,为能量有限的节点提供节能。提出的机制引入了一个睡眠状态,在每个成功的数据包传输之后。除了节能之外,该机制还产生了流量整形效应,减少了网络中的总体争用,有效地提高了分组分发率。根据流量到达率和网络竞争程度,节点可以调整自己的休眠时间,以达到最高的数据包发送率。与IEEE 802.15.4标准相比,ns3模拟获得的性能结果验证了这些改进。
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引用次数: 7
An energy-scalable in-band full duplex architecture 能量可扩展的带内全双工架构
T. Vermeulen, Fernando Rosas, B. V. Liempd, M. Verhelst, S. Pollin
In-band full duplex (IBFD) is a promising technique that allows to potentially double the achievable bi-directional throughput over a given bandwidth. Moreover, it has been estimated that IBFD-equipped wireless networks can be more energy-efficient than half duplex ones due to the reduced energy cost of packet collisions. However, one key challenge for implementing an energy-efficient IBFD system is the cancellation of the interference produced by the transmitted signal. In fact, existing self-interference cancellation (SIC) techniques are not always energy-efficient, as the effect of the interference reduction might not be able to compensate the additional electronic power consumption introduced by the SIC module. Following this rationale, in this paper we propose and energy-efficient IBFD architecture that adapts the SIC module to the link conditions. By studying a symmetric bi-directional full duplex link, we show that the proposed architecture obtains significant energy savings by using a simple SIC scheme for short-range transmissions. More powerful SIC techniques are shown to be an energy-optimal choice only when transmitting over long link distances.
带内全双工(IBFD)是一种很有前途的技术,可以在给定带宽上将可实现的双向吞吐量提高一倍。此外,据估计,由于减少了分组碰撞的能量成本,配备ibfd的无线网络可以比半双工网络更节能。然而,实现节能IBFD系统的一个关键挑战是消除传输信号产生的干扰。事实上,现有的自干扰消除(SIC)技术并不总是节能的,因为减少干扰的效果可能无法补偿SIC模块引入的额外电子功耗。根据这一基本原理,在本文中,我们提出了一种节能的IBFD架构,使SIC模块适应链路条件。通过对对称双向全双工链路的研究,我们证明了所提出的架构通过使用简单的SIC方案在短距离传输中获得显著的节能。更强大的SIC技术只有在长距离传输时才被证明是能量最优的选择。
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引用次数: 3
Cooperative IDED in a medium-traffic primary network over Rayleigh-faded sensing channels 瑞利衰落感测信道上中等流量主网络中的协同ids
Ramtin Rabiee, K. H. Li
In a medium-traffic primary network, primary user (PU) changes its state (either idle or active) at most once during a frame period, resulting in the performance degradation of the secondary network. In this work, we evaluate the performance of the proposed improved double-threshold energy detector (IDED) in the case of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) when the secondary users (SUs) suffer from a medium-traffic primary network over Rayleigh-faded sensing and imperfect reporting channels. Numerical results show that the IDED outperforms conventional methods.
在中等流量的主网络中,主用户(primary user, PU)在一个帧周期内最多改变一次状态(空闲或活动),导致从网络性能下降。在这项工作中,我们评估了所提出的改进的双阈值能量检测器(ids)在协同频谱感知(CSS)情况下的性能,当次要用户(SUs)遭受中等流量的主网络,在瑞利褪色感知和不完善的报告信道上。数值结果表明,该方法优于传统方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2015 IEEE 20th International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)
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